JPH0533525A - Structure of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the skeleton framing of a building from complete collapse by providing separately a member for supporting a vertical load and a member for supporting a horizontal force or for supporting simultaneously a horizontal force and a vertical load. CONSTITUTION:A horizontally movable mechanism 4 is interposed between a vertical load supporting column 1 and a beam 3, whereby the column 1 mainly supports a vertical load such as self-weight and live load. And a vertically movable mechanism 5 is interposed between a horizontal force supporting column 2 and the beam 3, whereby the column 2 mainly withstands the horizontal forces such as seismic forces and wind pressure, without supporting vertical loades. When horizontal forces such as seismic forces are exerted on the skeleton framing B of a building, the horizontal forces are mainly born by the column 2 and the vertical forces are mainly supported by the column 1. Consequently even when the column 2 fractures due to the horizontal forces, the column 1 can safely support the vertical forces.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A frame of a building is constructed three-dimensionally by supporting a horizontal member a composed of beams and floors by vertical members such as columns b, walls c and braces d. In order to maintain the soundness of the building against the self-weight, the vertical load including the loading load and the horizontal force such as the seismic force and wind pressure act on the building.
The horizontal member and the vertical member are rigidly joined or pin-joined, and a structure method in which they are mixed, such as a rigid frame structure (see FIG. 19), a brace structure (see FIG. 20) and a wall structure (see FIG. 21), is used.

In the figure, A is the foundation and B is the frame of the building.

[0004]

In the conventional building structure, since the same member has the function of supporting the vertical load and the function of resisting the horizontal force, the member is destroyed by the horizontal force. It becomes impossible to support the vertical load, the floor of the building goes down, and the building collapses in whole or in part. (Refer to FIG. 18) Since vertical load and horizontal force act simultaneously on vertical members such as columns and walls,
The stress state of the member becomes complicated, and it is difficult to understand and design its mechanical behavior.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to prevent the building from being totally or partially collapsed by horizontal force and to grasp the mechanical force of the vertical member. The point is to provide a building whose structural design is easy.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a building structure according to the present invention comprises a member for supporting a vertical load such as its own weight and a load, and a horizontal force such as seismic force and wind pressure. Or, the same horizontal force and a member that supports the vertical load at the same time are provided separately so that even if a part of the member is destroyed by the horizontal force, the entire structure of the building will not collapse and safety will be maintained. Is configured.

[0007]

As described above, in the building structure according to the present invention, the member for supporting the vertical load is provided with the horizontal force, or the horizontal force and the member supporting the vertical load are separately provided. Almost no load is received, and vertical load is reliably supported even if other members break due to horizontal force.

Further, the force acting on the member supporting the vertical load is dominated by the vertical load, and the horizontal force is extremely small to a negligible level.

[0009]

The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a structure in which a vertical load supporting column 1, a horizontal force supporting column 2 and a beam 3 are separated from each other in the rigid frame structure shown in FIG. 17, and a horizontally movable mechanism 4 is interposed between the column 1 and the beam 3. Therefore, the pillar 1 mainly shares the function of supporting the vertical load. On the other hand, a vertically movable mechanism 5 is interposed between the column 2 and the beam 3, and thus the column 2 does not support a vertical load and mainly bears a function of resisting a horizontal force.

Since the illustrated embodiment is constructed as described above, when a strong horizontal force such as seismic force acts on the frame B of the building, the horizontal force is mainly borne by the horizontal force supporting column 2,
Since the vertical load is mainly borne by the vertical load support column 1, the vertical load support column 1 can safely support the vertical load even if the horizontal force support column 2 is destroyed by a horizontal force. It does not go down and the building is protected from collapse. (See FIG. 2) FIG. 3 shows a case where the horizontal force support brace 6 is used as the horizontal force support mechanism.
A vertically movable mechanism 5 is attached to the joint of the brace 6 to the beam 3.
Is provided to resist only horizontal force.
The vertical load supporting column 1 is connected to the beam 3 via the horizontal movable mechanism 4 as in the above-described embodiment, and bears only the vertical load.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which brace is used for both the vertical load supporting mechanism and the horizontal force supporting mechanism. The brace frames 7 and 8 and the beam 3 are vertically or horizontally moved by the vertically movable mechanism 5 or the horizontally movable mechanism 4, respectively. Insulated. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the vertical load support wall 9 and the horizontal force support wall 10 are used as a vertical support mechanism and a horizontal force support mechanism. Is installed in the.

6 and 7 show the details of the horizontally movable mechanism 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a laminated rubber bearing 11 is used, and a laminated rubber bearing 11 in which a steel plate and rubber are bonded in a Saint-Gerache shape is shown. Beam 3 through fixing plates 11a and 11b
It is also fixed to both the pillar 1 or the brace frame 8 and the vertical load supporting mechanism such as the wall 9. Since the laminated rubber bearing 11 has a high rigidity in the vertical load direction and is flexible in the horizontal direction, the vertical support mechanism (the vertical load support column 1, the brace frame 8, Only a very small horizontal force acts on the wall 9) and a vertical load can be stably supported.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment using a sliding bearing.
The slide bearing 12 is fixed to a vertical load supporting mechanism (vertical load supporting column 1, brace frame 8, wall 9) via a fixing plate 12a. A sliding member is provided on the upper surface of the sliding bearing 12, and a fixing plate 12b integrated with a sliding plate 13 that contacts the sliding member is fixed to the beam 3. A stopper 14 is provided around the fixing plate 12b to prevent the sliding support 12 from coming off the sliding plate 13. Even if a horizontal force acts on the frame B of the building, a force greater than the friction force does not act on the slide bearing 12, so that the vertical load support mechanism can stably support the vertical force. By using a material having a high damping property such as a high damping rubber for the laminated rubber bearing 11 and the sliding bearing 12, the frame B of the building can be
It is possible to reduce the vibration of. Also slip bearing 1
2 consumes energy by causing slippage,
Creates a vibration damping effect. 8 and 9 show an embodiment of the vertically movable mechanism 5. FIG. 8 shows an example using a laminated rubber bearing, which is a horizontal force support mechanism (column 2 or 5 brace frame 6, 7 or wall 1).
It is mounted between the horizontal displacement restraint guide 15 provided on the beam 3 on the side surface of the upper end portion of (0). The laminated rubber bearing 16 has fixing plates 16a and 16b at both ends thereof, and the fixing plates are fixed to the horizontal force supporting mechanism and the horizontal displacement restraint guide 15, respectively. The laminated rubber bearing 16 has high rigidity in the compression direction (left and right direction in the figure) and is flexible in the shearing direction (up and down direction in the figure). Force is exerted on the support mechanism, but almost no vertical load is transmitted.

FIG. 9 shows an example using a sliding bearing. The slide bearing 17 is fixed to the side surface of the horizontal force support mechanism via a fixing plate 17a. On the other hand, the beam 3 is provided with a horizontal displacement restraint guide 15, and a fixing plate 17b having a sliding plate 18 is provided at a portion contacting the sliding bearing 17. The part of the sliding bearing 17 that contacts the sliding plate 18 is a sliding member. When the frame B of the building is about to be deformed horizontally, the horizontal force support mechanism exerts a resistance force due to the restraint of the slide bearing 17, but a force greater than the friction force is not transmitted in the vertical direction.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a part of the column 21 of the rigid frame structure is separated from the beam 22, and a horizontal moving mechanism is provided between the two to allow horizontal mutual movement. The vertical load supporting column 24 is configured by providing 23. Since the illustrated embodiment is constructed as described above,
When a strong horizontal force such as seismic force acts on the frame B of the building, even if the column 21 that receives the horizontal force is destroyed,
Since the vertical load supporting column 24 is separated from the beam 22 by the horizontally movable mechanism 23, it receives almost no horizontal force, and therefore the building can be supported soundly without being damaged and the building can be protected from collapse. (See FIG. 11)
In the case where the brace 25 is used as the horizontal resistance member instead of the column 21, the same effect as above can be expected by using the vertical load support column 24 and the horizontal movable mechanism 23 in this case as well.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a vertical load supporting brace 26 is used in place of the vertical load supporting column 24. The beam 22 is horizontally insulated from the beam 22 by a horizontally movable mechanism 23, and the vertical load supporting brace 26 is used. It is configured to support only. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, as the vertical load supporting mechanism, a vertical load supporting wall 27 is used as a part of the wall body 28, and the top portion and the beam 22 are horizontally moved by the horizontal movable mechanism 23 in the same manner as described above. It is insulated and receives only vertical load.

15 and 16 show various types of vertical support mechanisms. FIG. 15 shows a roller fixed at one end and a roller at the other end, which may be attached to the top or the bottom. FIG. 16 shows a hinge type in which both the stigma and the pedestal are hinges (pins).

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the member for supporting the vertical load and the member for simultaneously supporting the horizontal force or the horizontal force and the vertical load are separately provided. Since it receives almost no horizontal force and is healthy even during an earthquake, even if other members are destroyed by horizontal force, the vertical load is reliably supported, the floor of the building is lowered, and the building is lowered. Does not collapse in whole or in part.

Further, the force acting on the vertical load supporting member is dominated by the vertical load, and the horizontal force is extremely small and can be neglected, so that the member can be easily designed and its mechanical behavior can be easily grasped. Furthermore, the horizontal movable mechanism provided along with the vertical load supporting member produces a damping effect when it receives a horizontal force and is deformed, and vibration of the entire building is reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a building structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state where the structure is destroyed by a horizontal force.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an embodiment of a horizontally movable mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing another embodiment of the horizontally movable mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing an embodiment of a vertically movable mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the vertically movable mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the building structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state where the structure is destroyed by a horizontal force.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing an example of a vertical load supporting mechanism.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing another embodiment of the vertical load support mechanism.

FIG. 17 is a front view of a conventional ramen structure.

FIG. 18 is a front view showing a state of a conventional rigid frame structure at the time of breaking due to a horizontal force.

FIG. 19 is a front view showing a conventional ramen structure.

FIG. 20 is a front view showing a conventional brace structure.

FIG. 21 is a front view showing a conventional wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical load support column 2 Horizontal force support column 3 Beam 4 Horizontal movable mechanism 5 Vertical movable mechanism 6 Horizontal force support brace 7 Horizontal force support brace 8 Vertical load support brace 9 Vertical load support wall 10 Horizontal force support wall 11 Laminated rubber bearing 12 Sliding bearing 16 Laminated rubber bearing 17 Sliding bearing 21 Column 22 Beam 23 Horizontally movable mechanism 24 Vertical load supporting column 25 Brace 26 Vertical load supporting brace 27 Vertical load supporting wall 28 Wall body

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A member for supporting a vertical load such as its own weight or a load, and a member for supporting a horizontal force such as seismic force or wind pressure, or a member for simultaneously supporting the horizontal force and the vertical load. The building structure is characterized by being provided separately from each other so that even if some members are destroyed by horizontal force, the entire structure of the building does not collapse and safety is maintained.