JPH0533505Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) The invention consists of a center frame suspended by wires, a pair of bucket shells that are pivotally supported on the center frame so that they can be opened and closed, and hydraulic pressure for opening and closing the bucket shells. The present invention relates to a hydraulic grab bucket that includes a cylinder and a hydraulic device that supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder.

(Prior art) In conventional hydraulic grab buckets, a hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes the bucket barrel is installed across the top of the bucket barrel, while a hydraulic device that generates hydraulic pressure and controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on a ship or on the ground. It was installed indoors, and a long hydraulic hose was placed along the slane boom and connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

On the other hand, the bucket toshiel is used in a remote and hard-to-see location, especially when it is submerged deep underwater, and the degree to which it opens and closes cannot be visually confirmed.
It relied on the operator's experience and intuition.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in such conventional hydraulic grab buckets, the high pressure hydraulic hose disposed between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic device is expensive.
Moreover, a large-scale reel device must be installed to wind up the hydraulic hose each time the bucket tosiel goes up and down, which not only increases equipment costs, but also increases operating costs as the hydraulic hose is easily damaged and must be replaced in a short period of time. There was a problem.

On the other hand, the operator must rely on experience and intuition to operate the bucket tosiel in places where it is difficult for the operator to see, such as underwater, and it is inaccurate. There was a strong need to solve these problems, such as mistaking the status of the valve, or sending oil more than necessary to confirm whether the valve is fully open or closed, slowing down work efficiency.

This invention enables the hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes the bucket tosiel and the hydraulic device that generates hydraulic pressure and controls the opening and closing of the bucket tosiel to be installed close together underwater, and also enables the degree of opening and closing of the bucket tosiel to be controlled even when underwater or at a remote location. The purpose is to provide a hydraulic bucket that can be accurately determined.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is to include a center frame suspended by a chain or the like, and a horizontal axis supported on the center frame so that it can be opened and closed freely. A pair of buckets Toshiel and
In a hydraulic grab bucket comprising a hydraulic cylinder installed across each upper part of the bucket tosiel, and a hydraulic system equipped with a hydraulic pressure generation mechanism and a control mechanism for sending the generated hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder and controlling the expansion and contraction operation, the hydraulic The device is installed in a watertight closed room, and constitutes at least one of the extension side or the retraction side of the hydraulic pipe line piped from the hydraulic device to the cylindrical body of the hydraulic cylinder, or a control mechanism of the hydraulic device. a means for detecting the flow rate of passing oil disposed on either side of the reservoir return pipe of the telescopic switching operation valve; means for transmitting an electric signal in proportion to the detected oil flow rate; and means for transmitting an electric signal in proportion to the detected oil flow rate; The present invention is provided with a remote indication device for the bucket opening degree, which includes a calculation means for converting this into the opening/closing degree of the bucket tosiel, and a display means for displaying the calculation result by the calculation means.

(Operation) The detection means for detecting the flow rate of hydraulic oil flowing into and out of the cylindrical body of the hydraulic cylinder is disposed in the conduit on the extending side of the hydraulic cylinder.

To close the bucket tosiel, switch the switching valve to the extension side to send hydraulic oil to the extension side of the hydraulic cylinder.

Hydraulic oil is fed into the extending side of the hydraulic cylinder while operating the flow rate detection means, and as the hydraulic cylinder extends, the bucket shell closes.
On the other hand, the hydraulic fluid on the retraction side of the cylinder body is pushed out by the piston of the hydraulic cylinder, discharged through the retraction side conduit, and flows back into the reservoir through the switching valve.

The flow rate detected by the flow rate detection means is
It is converted into an electric signal proportional to the flow rate by an electronic signal transmitting means, and sent to a calculating means provided in an operator's room on the ground or on a ship, where it is calculated and the opening degree of the bucket tossiel in the closing direction is displayed on a display means. .

When an open signal is given to the switching operation valve to switch it, hydraulic oil is sent to the retraction side of the cylinder body, and the bucket tosiel operates in the opening direction. On the other hand, hydraulic oil is pushed out from the extension side of the cylinder body, passes through the switching operation valve while operating the flow rate detection means, and returns to the reservoir through the reservoir return pipe. At this time, the flow rate detection means operates in the opposite direction, but the detected flow rates are the same, only the sign changes, and are displayed as the opening degree in the opening direction.

As is easily understood from the above description, the flow rate detection means may be provided in the conduit on either the extension or retraction side of the cylinder body, or may be provided on both sides. In the latter case, electrical signal transmitting means must be provided on both sides, which is wasteful, and usually only one is required. Furthermore, as mentioned above, in both expansion and contraction operations, the discharged hydraulic oil passes through the reservoir return pipe of the switching operation valve, so it is clear that the flow rate detection means can be disposed in the reservoir return pipe. be. However, in this case, since there is a difference in the passing flow rate between the extension and the retraction, which is equivalent to the rod volume of the hydraulic cylinder, the calculation means must perform a calculation corresponding to the above-mentioned difference for each direction discrimination.

On the other hand, the hydraulic device is installed in a water-tightly closed chamber in the center frame in which the bucket tosiel is pivotally supported so as to be openable and closable, so it can be used while being immersed in water, and the hydraulic device and hydraulic cylinder are Because of the close proximity, the hoses to the hydraulic cylinders are very short, less susceptible to damage, and extremely cheap to replace.

(Example) As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic grab bucket D includes a hanging fitting 1 that is connected to a wire from a crane boom and suspends the bucket main body 10 with a plurality of chains, and a bucket main body 10. A center frame 20 having a water-tight closed chamber 30 and housing a hydraulic device 40;
a pair of bucket shells 90 that are pivotally supported on the bucket shells 90 so as to be openable and closable; a hydraulic cylinder 80 that is installed across the top of each bucket shell 90 to open and close the bucket shells 90; and an opening degree indicating device that remotely indicates the opening degree of the bucket shells. It consists of

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the center frame 20 is a strong steel structure, and is provided with mounting brackets 21 for the chain 2 on the upper side, and a bucket tosiel 90 is pivoted at the four corners of the hem. Axis 22 for
A shell mounting portion 23 is provided. A watertight closed chamber 30 for housing a hydraulic device 40 is formed in the center of the frame.

The watertight closed chamber 30 has a welded structure on all four sides and at the bottom, and is appropriately reinforced on the outside to withstand high water pressure, but only the top can be opened for periodic inspections, etc. The upper lid 31 is made watertight by a gasket 32. Further, the lower half of the watertightly closed chamber 30 directly constitutes a reservoir 41 of the hydraulic device 40.
The reservoir 41 and the upper space are the reservoir upper plate 4
2 and a reservoir gasket 43 for sealing and partitioning.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bucket tosiel 90 consists of a pair of steel shell bodies 91 and a cast steel scooping part 92 that scoops up dirt, etc., and hydraulic pressure is provided at both ends of the upper part of the shell body 91. cylinder 80
A cylinder coupling part 94 is provided with a pin 93 for coupling.

A bearing portion 95 for receiving the pivot shaft 22 of the center frame 20 is provided below the cylinder coupling portion 94 . Further, the shell main body 91 is provided with an equalizer 96 so that the degree of opening and closing of both shell main bodies 91 is the same on the left and right sides. Also, each scooping section 9
A plurality of claws 97 for scraping off dirt are attached alternately on the left and right ends of the claws 2.

Next, the hydraulic system 40 and the opening/closing instruction device 60 for remotely instructing the opening/closing degree of the bucket will be explained based on FIG.

This diagram uses JIS hydraulic pressure display symbols.

The hydraulic system 40 includes an electric pump 45 connected to a motor 44 provided on the upper plate 42 of a reservoir 41 configured as a part of a watertight closed chamber to supply pressurized hydraulic oil, and an electric pump 45 that controls the upper limit of the pressure. The control valve 48 includes a relief valve 46 which switches the hydraulic fluid through a check valve 47, and a switching control valve 48 which switches the hydraulic oil via a check valve 47.

In this embodiment, the electric pump 45 uses a piston type that generates high pressure and force. Further, the switching control valve 48 performs a switching operation in response to an electric signal.

A supply pipe 49 is connected to the P port of the switching control valve 48.
However, the reservoir return conduit 52 is connected to the T port, and the A
The port is connected to the retraction side conduit 51 of the hydraulic cylinder 80.
However, an extension side conduit 50 is connected to the B port.

The opening degree indicating device 60 is provided in the middle of the extension side pipe line 50, and is connected to a turbine-type flowmeter 61 which is a means for detecting the flow rate of passing oil, and rotates while being connected to the flowmeter 61. A pulse transmitter 62 which is a transmitting means for emitting an electronic signal, and the pulse transmitter 62
It consists of an arithmetic device 63 which is a calculation means which receives a pulse signal from and calculates it and transmits it as the opening degree of the bucket tosiel 90, and a display device 64 which is a display means which receives and displays the output from the arithmetic device 63. .

Among the above, the flow meter 61 and the pulse transmitter 62
means a watertight closed chamber 30 adjacent to the switching control valve 48.
The arithmetic unit 63 and display 64 are installed together with other control transmitters and the like in an operator's room on board the ship, and both are connected by a signal cable 65.

The arithmetic device 63 receives a signal from the pulse transmitter 62 and sends it to the arithmetic section 63b, and also has an input/output section 63a that sends the result from the arithmetic section to the display 64.
and an arithmetic unit 63b which receives the signal from the input/output unit 63a and converts it into the degree of opening/closing of the bucket shell 90.

The hydraulic cylinder 80 has a cylinder body 81
It consists of a piston 82 and a piston rod 83. A clevis 84 having a bearing 84a that fits into a pin 93 of a bucket shell 90 is provided at the tail of the cylinder body 81, and a clevis 84 having a bearing 84a that fits into a pin 93 of a bucket shell 90 is provided at the tip of the piston rod 83. A coupling member 85 having a bearing 85a coupled to another pin 93 is attached.

In this embodiment, the flow meter 61 is provided in the extension side pipe 50 of the hydraulic cylinder 80, but it may also be provided in the retraction side pipe 51, or it may be provided in the reservoir return pipe 52. is also possible. However, in this case, the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 80 is transferred to the piston rod 83 on the extension side and the retraction side, that is, when the bucket shell 90 is closed and opened.
Since the difference is equal to the volume phase of the inflow and outflow, a correction calculation must be made for this amount. However, since the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the reservoir return pipe 52 is close to atmospheric pressure, there is an advantage that the flow meter can also be of a low pressure type.

Next, the operation will be explained.

The hydraulic cylinder 80 is now in the fully retracted position,
It is assumed that the bucket tosiel 90 is in a fully open state.

When a signal is issued from the operator's room to operate the bucket shell 90 in the closing direction by electrical means, the switching control valve 48 enters the third position in FIG. 6, that is, the operating state of the rightmost frame.
The P port is connected to the B port, and the pressure hydraulic oil passes through the extension side pipe line 50 to the cylindrical body 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 80.
Hydraulic oil is supplied to the rear side of the piston 1, and is removed from the front side across the piston 82, passes through the retraction side pipe line 51, passes from the A port to the T port, and passes through the reservoir return pipe line 52 to the reservoir 41. Reflux.

During the operation, the pressure hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 80 through the extension side pipe 50 is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 80 through the flow meter 61.
A pulse signal proportional to the flow rate is transmitted from a pulse transmitter 62. hydraulic cylinder 80
The value obtained by dividing the amount of hydraulic oil flowing into the piston area by the piston area corresponds to the stroke of the piston rod 83 of the hydraulic cylinder 80.
Since the stroke of , in other words, controls the degree of opening and closing of the bucket tossiel 90, the above relationship is calculated by the calculation device 63 and displayed on the display 64.
Operators can operate from a remote operator's room and know the degree to which the bucket, which is submerged deep in the water, is operating.

In the operation from the fully closed state to the opening direction, the switching control valve 48 becomes the leftmost function, and P and A,
The B and T ports are connected, and the pressure hydraulic oil is sent to the piston rod 83 side of the hydraulic cylinder 80 through the retraction side pipe 51, and the rear side hydraulic oil passes through the extension side pipe 50 from the B port to the T port. It passes through the port, passes through the reservoir return conduit 52, and is refluxed to the reservoir 41. In this case, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rear side of the hydraulic cylinder 80 also passes through the flow meter 61, generates a pulse signal, and is sent to the calculation device 63.
The results are displayed on the display 64.

Although the opening and closing directions are opposite to each other, since the amount of hydraulic fluid flowing in and out of the hydraulic cylinder 80 is the same, it is only necessary to distinguish and display the directions.

(Effects of the invention) According to the hydraulic grab bucket according to the present invention, it is possible to work while monitoring the opening/closing degree of the bucket tossiel in a remote location such as underwater, and the hydraulic equipment is housed in a completely watertight closed room even underwater. As a result, the oil supply pipe, which is installed close to the hydraulic cylinder that operates the bucket tosiel, can be shortened, making it possible to significantly reduce equipment costs and operating costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Each figure shows one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is an overall front view of the hydraulic grab bucket, Figure 2 is a front view including a partial cross section of the center frame, and Figure 3 is a front view also including a partial cross section. A side view, Figure 4 is a front view of the bucket tosiel, Figure 5 is a side view with a partial cross section, and Figure 6 is a hydraulic system using JIS hydraulic pressure display symbols, a hydraulic cylinder, and an opening indicating device. FIG. D...Hydraulic grab bucket, 2...Chain,
10... Bucket main body, 20... Center frame, 22... Axis, 30... Watertight closed room, 32...
...Packing, 40...Hydraulic system, 41...Reservoir, 42...Reservoir top plate, 43...Reservoir packing, 44...Motor, 45...Pump, 46...Relief valve, 48...Switching control valve ( control mechanism), 50... Extension side conduit, 51... Retraction side conduit, 52... Reservoir return conduit, 60...
Opening degree indicating device (bucket opening remote indicating device),
61...Flowmeter (detection means for the flow rate of passing oil), 62
...Pulse transmitter (electrical signal transmitting means), 63
... Arithmetic device (arithmetic means), 64... Display device, 8
0... Hydraulic cylinder, 81... Cylindrical body, 90...
Bucket tosiel, 94... Cylinder joint (upper part of bucket tosiel), 95... Bearing part, 96
...Equalizer, 97...claws.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A center frame suspended by a chain or the like, a pair of bucket shells that are pivotally supported on the center frame with a horizontal axis so that they can be opened and closed, and an object that is inserted between the upper parts of the bucket shells. A hydraulic grab bucket comprising a hydraulic cylinder mounted on a hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic system equipped with a hydraulic pressure generation mechanism and a control mechanism for sending the generated hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder to control expansion and contraction operations, wherein the hydraulic system is installed in a watertight closed chamber. , at least one of the extension side or retraction side of the hydraulic pipe line piped from the hydraulic device to the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder, or the reservoir return of the telescopic switching operation valve that constitutes the control mechanism of the hydraulic device a means for detecting the flow rate of passing oil disposed on either side of the pipe; a means for transmitting an electric signal proportional to the detected oil flow rate; A hydraulic grab bucket, characterized in that it is equipped with a remote indication device for bucket opening, which includes a calculation means for converting and a display means for displaying the calculation result by the calculation means. (2) The hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the watertightly closed chamber housing the hydraulic device, which includes a hydraulic pressure generating mechanism and a control mechanism for sending the generated hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic cylinder to control an expansion and contraction action, is provided in a center frame. Grab bucket.