JPH0533244Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention relates to the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces on a comb-tooth type NC lathe.

(Prior Art) A direct-acting loader has conventionally been used to carry in a workpiece. This direct drive type loader is installed directly above the chuck, and when the workpiece of the V bevel is lowered and the workpiece comes to the center of the chuck, it pushes the workpiece,
Tighten the chuck to secure the workpiece to the workpiece chuck. Thereafter, the workpiece is returned to its original position, the V bevel is raised, and the next workpiece is sent to the V bevel, thus completing the workpiece loading cycle.

The raising and lowering of the V bevel and the pushing back of the workpiece are mechanically linked by a single cylinder. Traditionally, buckets have been used to transport workpieces. After processing, move the bucket forward, loosen the chuck,
The workpiece is ejected into the bucket by the built-in chuck, and the workpiece is received in the bucket. After receiving the work, the bucket retreats.

In addition, as a transfer device for this type of work, the
There is a loading device for an NC lathe disclosed in No. 54-154485. This is equipped with a loading device and an unloading device on the left and right sides of the comb-like tool rest.
The loading device has a structure in which a rope ball urged outward by a spring is attached to the tip of a rod that advances and retreats toward the material bucket, and the workpiece is held by the steel ball.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Such conventional direct-acting type loaders and unloaders have the following problems.

B Since there is only one cylinder, the workpiece pushing speed is reduced and if the shock is eliminated, the workpiece lowering speed is also slowed and the workpiece loading time becomes longer. When the cylinder speed is increased, the pushing stroke becomes larger, causing bruises and abrasions.

(b) When pushing the workpiece, the vertical movement of the cylinder is expanded through a lever and converted into forward and backward movement. Workpiece seating is confirmed by cylinder stroke, but the accuracy is around 0.5mm, so it can only be used to confirm the presence or absence of a workpiece.

C. When the V bevel rises after pushing the workpiece, a gap is required so that it does not interfere with the workpiece inside the chuck. When a workpiece is pushed into the chuck in-low part from the V bevel, it is easy to lose its posture because there is no guide in the gap.

D. The left and right center alignment between the workpiece and chuck of the V bevel is difficult to fine-tune because the entire linear motion loader device is shifted.

There is a direct-acting loader and chute directly above the hotchuck, and the bucket mechanism of the unloader must be installed diagonally upwards to avoid the comb teeth, making it difficult to secure installation space.

F. To avoid interference, the stroke becomes longer and the workpiece unloading time becomes longer.

G. Simultaneous operation with a linear motion loader is not possible.

When loading and unloading workpieces, machining cycle time is extended because the comb-teeth cutter group is moved back and forth to avoid interference with the bucket cart and direct-acting loader.

As mentioned above, conventional direct-acting type loaders and unloaders have had various problems. Additionally, when loading a workpiece from a chute into a hopper, if the workpiece is a long column or cylinder whose width is much longer than its diameter, the workpiece may tilt or become vertical and fall in random positions. Therefore, there was a problem in that the workpiece was not held correctly and horizontally at the workpiece pushing installation position of the hopper, and the next workpiece pushing device was not able to push it in properly.

Furthermore, in the loading device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-154485, loading and unloading are not performed simultaneously, but the movement of the turret for loading and the movement of the turret for unloading, as well as the movement of the turret for unloading, are performed simultaneously. Since the operation is a separate process,
Giving and receiving work has become a time-consuming process.
Further, since the loading of the workpiece by the loading device is carried out by stopping the rotation of the main shaft of the NC lathe, there is a problem that the machining speed is reduced.

(Means for solving the problem) The present invention aims to provide a practical automatic work loading/unloading device for a comb-shaped NC lathe that solves the above-mentioned problems. In a comb-shaped NC lathe that processes a cylindrical workpiece gripped by a work chuck on a rotating spindle by moving the tool post with a cutter attached under NC control, there is a hole on the side of the cutter installation part of the tool post. A hopper for storing processed workpieces is provided, and a workpiece pushing device is provided for feeding the workpieces in the hopper one by one into a workpiece chuck by the forward motion of a rotatable pressing plate, and the workpiece is placed on the other side of the cutter installation part of the tool rest. An unloader that receives the workpiece from the workpiece chuck is provided, and a chute device that supplies the workpiece to the hopper is arranged at a position where the workpiece can be supplied to the hopper when the unloader on the tool rest is in a position to receive the workpiece from the workpiece chuck, and a chute that supplies the workpiece to the hopper is provided. An automatic loading/unloading device for a workpiece in a comb-type NC lathe is characterized in that the width of the chute is slightly longer than the width of the workpiece, and the flat side wall of the chute is inclined toward the end of the chute of a chute device.

(Function) In the present invention, the chute device is fixed at a predetermined position, and the cylindrical workpiece is fed from the end of the chute of the chute device, but it rolls over the flat side wall of the socket of the hopper that extends close to it. Fall down a slope. Moreover, since the workpiece is restrained by the left and right side walls of the receptacle, it falls while rotating while maintaining the horizontal position, and can be reliably installed in the workpiece receptacle in a predetermined horizontal posture.

After that, the entire tool post moves and when the workpiece pushing device attached to the tool post comes to the front position of the chuck, the chuck is loosened and the workpiece pushing device is activated, and the rotatable pushing plate advances and the workpiece is loaded from the hopper. The work on the receiver is pushed into the chuck,
After that, the chuck is tightened to fix the workpiece, and the workpiece pushing device retreats, completing the workpiece loading process. During this time, the main shaft continues to rotate, and the workpiece rotates together with the main shaft due to the rotation of the pressing plate, and is held by the chuck on the main shaft without any problem. Next, the tool post moves to position the blade in front of the workpiece, and the same blade is used to process the workpiece (workpiece machining process).

When machining is completed, the turret moves, the unloader comes to the front of the workpiece, receives the workpiece from the workpiece chuck, and transports it outside (workpiece unloading process). When the unloader receives a workpiece from the workpiece chuck, the hopper of the workpiece pushing device is returned to the initial position immediately below the chute device from which the workpiece is fed.

Since the workpiece pushing device and unloader are installed on the turret in this way, the X and Z axes of the turret are
The steps of supplying the workpiece, carrying the workpiece into the workpiece chuck, processing the workpiece, and carrying out the workpiece from the workpiece chuck are performed by one NC-controlled reciprocating movement.

(Example) Examples will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the workpiece loading device. It consists of a chute device 1 and a workpiece pushing device 2. The chute device 1 includes a chute 3 for storing workpieces and a part for feeding the workpieces one by one. When the cylinder 4 comes out, the stopper pin 8 comes down and stops the workpiece 6 from moving forward. Also stoppa pin 7
Because of this, work 5 moves forward and falls to the bottom. The workpiece pushing device 2 attached to the side of the tool rest includes a hopper 9 that serves as a workpiece receiving opening and an inclined chute, a V bevel guide 10 that guides when pushing the workpiece, a pressing plate 11 that hits the workpiece, and a bearing that rotates the pressing plate. 12, a cylinder 13 for moving the pressing plate, a stroke shaft 14, a stroke bearing 15, and switches 16 and 17.

The width l' of the socket of the hopper 9 is slightly wider than the width l of the workpiece, and the flat side wall 90 of the socket on the chute side is inclined and extends toward the end of the chute of the chute device.

The long workpiece that has fallen from the end of the chute is restrained by the left and right side walls having the width l' of the socket of the hopper 9, and rolls on the inclined flat sidewall 90 of the chute side, maintaining a substantially horizontal posture while the workpiece of the V bevel is held. Fall to the installation position.

While the workpiece is rolling, its side edges are prevented from tilting significantly by the wide-mouthed left and right side walls, so the workpiece falls reliably in a substantially horizontal position and is deposited in the V bevel.

Thereafter, the tool rest 24 is slid, and the workpiece pushing device 2 is moved along the X and Z axes to bring it in front of the chuck.

Since the chuck 18 is rotating slowly, leave a gap of about 0.2 mm so that the tip of the guide 10 does not touch the chuck 18, and perform left-right alignment and front-back positioning. When the pressing plate 11 is moved forward, since the guide is a V bevel and the gap between it and the chuck 18 is small, the posture of the workpiece will not collapse.
Push the work into chuck 18. Further, the chuck 18, the workpiece, and the pressing plate rotate together. After pressing the workpiece against the stopper 19 in the chuck, seating is confirmed by a combination of ON and OFF switches 16 and 17.

Switch 16 Switch 17 Judgment OFF OFF NG ON OFF OK ON ON NG If switches 16 and 17 are commercially available high-precision switches, dimensions of 0.02 mm or less can be controlled. To push the workpiece, adjust the speed of the cylinder 13 independently, push it smoothly into the chuck 18, and avoid bruises and
Scratches can be reduced. The left and right centering and front and back positioning of the workpiece pushing device 2 can be done arbitrarily and easily due to numerical control.

As shown in FIG. 4, the tool rest 24 has an unloader 2
5 unloader pins 20, a cutting tool group 21, and a workpiece pushing device 2 are provided. After machining, the unloader pin 20 is put into the workpiece, and at the same time as the chuck 18 is loosened, the workpiece is ejected onto the unloader pin 20 by the workpiece ejection built in the chuck.
The tip of the unloader pin 20, the tip of the cutting tool group 21, and the tip of the guide 10 of the workpiece pushing device 2 are lowered to the point where they do not interfere with the tip of the chuck 18.
In order to newly load the work into the chuck 18, the slide of the tool rest 24 moves to the left, and the work pushing device 2 comes to the front of the chuck 18. Move the workpiece pushing device 2 forward and position it. Push the workpiece,
After tightening the chuck, lower the workpiece pushing device 2 to the rear,
Move further to the right and process from cutting tool 22 to cutting tool 23. Then, bring the unloader pin 20 to the front of the chuck. In other words, the front and rear strokes can be made without interfering with the chuck, and the left and right unloader pins 2.
0 and the workpiece pushing device 2, one cycle of workpiece unloading, workpiece loading and processing is completed. Since the unloader pin 20 and the workpiece pushing device 2 can operate simultaneously without running back and forth more than necessary, there is no time lag and the time taken to carry in and take out the workpiece can be shortened.

(Effect of the invention) As described above, according to the invention, X,
By connecting the workpiece pushing device and unloader to the side of the tool post that moves on the Z axis, there is no need for a special movement mechanism for the workpiece pushing device and unloader, and the structure is simple and the installation space is not unreasonable. Not only can it be manufactured at a low cost, but it can also provide excellent effects such as greatly shortening the process time for one cycle of loading and unloading workpieces and machining workpieces.

Moreover, there is also the effect that long workpieces in the form of columns or cylinders can be reliably transferred from the chute to the workpiece setting position of the hopper.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the automatic workpiece loading/unloading device for the comb-tooth type NC lathe of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the workpiece pushing device, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the workpiece pushing device. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing how the same embodiment is used, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a workpiece processed by the apparatus of the present invention. 1...Chute device, 2...Work pushing device,
3... Shoot, 5, 6... Work, 9... Hopper, 18... Chick, 21... Cutlery group, 24
...Turret, 25...Unloader, 90...Chute side flat side wall.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] In a comb-shaped NC lathe that processes a cylindrical workpiece gripped by a rotating spindle work chuck by moving a turret with a comb-shaped cutter under NC control using the cutter, A hopper for storing unprocessed workpieces is provided on the side of the cutter installation part of the tool post, and a workpiece pushing device is provided for feeding the workpieces in the hopper one by one into a workpiece chuck by the forward motion of a rotatable pressing plate, and the cutter An unloader for receiving the work from the work chuck is installed on the other side of the tool installation part of the turret, and a chute device for feeding the work to the hopper is installed to supply the work to the hopper when the unloader on the tool post is in a position to receive the work from the work chuck. In a comb-tooth type NC lathe, the width of the socket of the hopper is slightly longer than the width of the workpiece, and the flat side wall of the chute side is inclined toward the end of the chute of the chute device. Automatic loading/unloading device for workpieces.