JPH05322568A - Laser surveying equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply allow the light part tilting and supporting mechanism of a laser surveying equipment to be fitted to precise positional control. CONSTITUTION:In a laser surveying equipment having a laser projector 10 forming a reference plane by laser beam and making the laser projector tiltable at least in two directions, the laser projector 10 is supported at least at three points to be made freely tiltable and made simple in its structure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is a laser surveying instrument that forms a measurement reference plane with a laser beam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for obtaining a measurement reference plane, there is a laser surveying instrument for forming a reference plane by the laser beam by scanning the laser beam on the plane or by spreading the laser beam in a plane by a conical prism. Are known.

As such a laser survey instrument, no matter what state the laser survey instrument is installed in, the laser projector is designed so that the reference plane lies within the horizontal plane or the reference plane is set at a predetermined angle from the horizontal plane. A laser projector tilting support mechanism for tilting the laser in at least two directions is required.

As one of conventional tilting support mechanisms for laser projectors, there is a so-called gimbal mount structure in which a laser projector is rotatably supported around two rotation axes orthogonal to each other.

Another conventional laser projector tilt support mechanism is one in which the laser projector is supported by a spherical bearing 1 as shown in FIG.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned gimbal mount structure, since the laser projectors are supported by the two axes so that they can be freely tilted in different directions, the structure is complicated and the miniaturization is difficult. There is
In addition, in the spherical bearing 1 support structure, the rolling element 2 is rotatably fitted to the rolling element holding portion 3 via the spherical surface, so that the contact surface between the rolling element 2 and the rolling element holding portion 3 is perfect. If it is not a spherical surface, stable support cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to obtain a perfect spherical surface, which is not suitable for the axis of precise position control.

In view of the above situation, the present invention is to provide a laser surveying instrument having a laser projector tilting support mechanism which is simple in structure and suitable for precise position control.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a laser surveying instrument having a laser projector for forming a reference plane with a laser beam, wherein the laser projector is tiltable in at least two directions. It is characterized by supporting at least three points.

[0009]

Since the laser projector is supported at three or more points, the laser projector can be tilted freely, and the support state is reliable. Furthermore, the structure of this support is very simple.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

A frustoconical recess 6 is formed in the center of the casing 5, and a support seat 7 is formed in the center of the recess 6. The support seat 7 has a projection 9 that is smoothly raised by a cubic curved surface at three equally divided positions on the inner circumference of the circular through hole 8.

A laser projector 10 for emitting a laser beam is dropped into the through hole 8, and a head 11 of the laser projector 10 is engaged with and supported by the support seat 7. The lower portion of the head portion 11 has a spherical shape, and the spherical portion 11a has the three protrusions 9
Abut. Thus, the laser projector 10 is supported so as to be freely tiltable in any direction with respect to the vertical line. A motor seat 14 is provided on the head 11, a scanning motor 15 is provided on the motor seat 14, and a gear 16 is fitted to the output shaft of the scanning motor 15. The gear 16 is a scanning gear 1 described later.
Mesh with 7.

The head 11 of the laser projector 10 is rotatably provided with a mirror holder 13 via a bearing 12 which is aligned with the axis of the laser projector 10. The mirror holder 1
3 is fitted with a scanning gear 17, meshes with the gear 16 as described above, and the mirror holding member 1 is moved by the scanning motor 15.
3 is rotated about the vertical axis. Further, a penta prism 18 is provided on the mirror holder 13 so that the laser light emitted from the laser projector 10 is emitted in a horizontal direction through a light projecting window 19.

A level sensor 20 and a level sensor 21 for detecting the horizontal are provided below the laser projector 10, and an inclination detector 23 is fixed to the lower end of the laser projector 10.
The inclination detecting body 23 has an inverted cup shape, and a reflecting mirror flange 22 is formed on the periphery thereof.

Further, at the bottom of the casing 5, at a position facing the inclination detecting body 23, and on the same circumference around the axis of the laser projector 10 when the casing 5 and the laser projector 10 are in a vertical state. Required number above (4 in this example)
Photosensors 24a, 2 comprising a set of a light emitting element and a light receiving element
4b, 24c and 24d are provided.

The tilting arm 25 and the tilting arm 26 extend in the horizontal direction from the head 11 of the laser projector 10 so as to be orthogonal to each other, and the conical surfaces of the recesses 6 are respectively penetrated to be positioned inside the casing 5. An engaging pin 27 and an engaging pin 28 are provided at the tips of the tilting arms 25 and 26, respectively. The engagement pin 27 and the engagement pin 28 have a cylindrical shape, the respective axes of the cylinders are orthogonal to each other, and determine the positional relationship such that they are included in a plane passing through the spherical center of the spherical surface 11a. Further, either one of the engagement pin 27 and the engagement pin 28, for example, the engagement pin 27 is restricted from moving in the horizontal direction so that it can be moved only in the vertical direction. Although not particularly shown, the engaging pin 27 is slidably engaged with a guide groove extending in the vertical direction, or the engaging pin 2 is attached to a wall surface extending in the vertical direction.
Means such as slidably pressing 7 via biasing means such as a spring may be considered.

A shelf plate 29 and a shelf plate 30 are provided on the inner wall of the casing 5, a level adjusting motor 31 is provided on the shelf plate 29, a level adjusting motor 32 is provided on the shelf plate 30, and a rotary shaft of the level adjusting motor 31 is provided. A drive gear 34 is fitted to the drive gear 33 and the level adjusting motor 32. The engagement pin 2
7, a screw shaft 35 rotatably provided between the ceiling portion of the casing 5 and the shelf plate 29 is rotatably provided, and a driven gear 36 is fitted to the screw shaft 35, and the driven gear 36 is the drive gear 33. Mesh with. A slide nut 37 is screwed onto the screw shaft 35, and a pin 38 is projectingly provided on the slide nut 37 so that the pin 38 and the engagement pin 27 are slidably brought into contact with each other.

Similarly, a screw shaft 39 which is orthogonal to the engaging pin 28 and extends between the ceiling portion of the casing 5 and the shelf plate 30 is rotatably provided, and a driven gear 40 is fitted to the screw shaft 39. The driven gear 40 meshes with the drive gear 34. The screw shaft 39
The slide nut 41 is screwed onto the
A pin 42 is projectingly provided on the pin 42, and the pin 42 and the engaging pin 28 are slidably brought into contact with each other.

A spring receiver 43 is provided between the screw shaft 35 and the screw shaft 39 on the ceiling of the casing 5, and a spring 44 is stretched between the spring receiver 43 and the laser projector 10.
The laser projector 10 is biased in the clockwise direction around the support seat 7 in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 45 is a battery box for accommodating a battery for driving the laser surveying instrument. Further, the main body 4 of the laser surveying instrument described above is provided on three legs (not shown) via screws 46 for leveling. Reference numeral 47 is a glass window surrounding the periphery of the mirror holder 13.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a control device of this embodiment.

The level sensor 20 and the level sensor 21
The detection results are input to the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52, respectively, and the reference angle (usually the reference plane is horizontal and the reference angle is 0 °) 50 is supplied to the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52. The settings have been input, and both angle detection circuits 5
1. The angle detection circuit 52 calculates an angle deviation based on the reference angle 50, and the calculated angle deviations are input to a motor controller 53 and a motor controller 54, respectively, and the motor controller 53 and the motor controller 54. Drives the level adjusting motor 31 and the level adjusting motor 32 so that the deviation becomes zero.

The angle deviations of the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52 are input to the discriminator 55, and the discriminator 5 is supplied.
5 selects a larger angle deviation from the angle deviations of the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52, outputs an output according to the change of the selected angle deviation to the display driver 56, and drives the display. The device 56 is adapted to display on the display device 57 in accordance with the deviation value.

The leveling operation of the laser surveying instrument will be described below.

When the main body 4 is installed and the adjustment is not performed, the axis of the laser projector 10 generally does not coincide with the vertical line.
The level sensor 20 and the level sensor 21 are not horizontal. When the reference angle 50 is 0 °, the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52 output an angle deviation signal. When the angle deviation signal is output, the motor controller 53 and the motor controller 54 drive the level adjusting motor 31 and the level adjusting motor 32 in the required directions so that the angle deviation signal becomes zero.

The operation relating to both of these level adjusting motors, for example, the level adjusting motor 31 will be described.

When the level adjusting motor 31 is driven,
The rotation of the level adjusting motor 31 is controlled by the drive gear 33,
It is transmitted to the screw shaft 35 via the driven gear 36, and the rotation of the screw shaft 35 causes the slide nut 37 to move up and down. The ascending / descending movement of the slide nut 37 is transmitted to the tilting arm 25 via the pin 38 and the engaging pin 27 to tilt the laser projector 10.

As described above, since the engaging pin 27 is restricted from moving in the horizontal direction and can move only in the vertical direction, the tilting direction of the laser projector 10 is restricted and passes through the spherical center of the spherical surface portion 11a. The engaging pin 28 tilts about the axis thereof. Next, when the level adjusting motor 31 is driven,
The screw shaft 39 rotates and the engagement pin 28 moves up and down via the pin 42.

The horizontal movement of the engaging pin 27 is regulated by a groove (not shown), and the vertical movement thereof is regulated by the pin 38 and the spring 44. Only the rotation of the engagement pin 27 passing through the spherical center of the spherical surface portion 11a about the axis thereof is allowed. When the pin 42 is moved up and down, a vertical change is given to the engagement pin 28 while sliding in the axial direction between the pin 42 and the engagement pin 28, and the laser projector 10 is moved. Tilts about the axis of the engaging pin 27.
Since the engaging pin 27 has a circular cross section as described above, the rotation of the engaging pin 27 does not change the inclination of the axis of the engaging pin 27. That is, the tilting movement by the level adjusting motors 31 and 32 does not affect the tilting of the other tilting shaft, that is, the engaging pin 27 and the engaging pin 28. Therefore, the tilt adjustment work for one axis can be performed independently of the tilt adjustment work for the other axis, and the tilt adjustment work and the control sequence related to the tilt adjustment work are significantly simplified.

The laser projector 10 has a spring 4
The laser projector 10 accurately follows the movement of the slide nut 37 because it is biased clockwise in FIG.

Regarding the tilting movement of the laser projector 10,
As described above, since the spherical portion 11a of the laser projector 10 is supported by the projection 9 at three points, the laser projector 1
The support of 0 is stable and does not wobble, and the spherical portion 11a
With the contact with the protrusion 9 formed of a smooth curved surface, the laser projector 10 can smoothly move freely in any tilting direction, and the attitude of the laser projector 10 can be easily adjusted.

When the laser projector 10 tilts and the leveling progresses, the detection values from the level sensor 20 and the level sensor 21 also approach horizontal, and finally the motor controller 53.
And the angular deviation output from the motor controller 54 becomes 0,
The leveling operation is completed.

The level sensor 20 and the level sensor 21 have a narrow detection range. When the level sensor 20 exceeds the predetermined range, the level sensor 20 and the level sensor 21 are saturated, and the inclination direction can be detected but the inclination angle value cannot be detected. Therefore, exceeding the mechanical adjustment range, the level adjustment motors 31, 32, the drive gears 33, 3
4, driven gears 36, 40, the screw shaft 3
5, 39, slide nuts 37, 41, tilting arm 2
The optical sensors 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d are provided so that the adjusting mechanism composed of 5, 26, etc. does not operate. That is, when the limit of the mechanical adjustment range is reached, the optical sensor 2
It is detected that the light emitted from any one of 4a, 24b, 24c and 24d is reflected by the reflecting mirror flange 22 and is received again by the optical sensor and reaches the limit of the mechanical adjustment range. , 32 are stopped, or the limit of the mechanical adjustment range is displayed on the display device, or an alarm is issued by a buzzer or the like.

In such a case, the level adjusting bolt 46 is used to perform rough adjustment so as to fall within the adjustment range.
Start the leveling operation again.

When the leveling operation is completed, laser light is emitted from the laser projector 10, and the scanning motor 15 is driven to rotate the laser projector 10 about the vertical axis, and the pentaprism 18 emits laser light. A horizontal reference plane is formed by the laser light by emitting light in the horizontal direction and further rotating it.

During this leveling operation, some time is required from the start of leveling to the completion of leveling. During this time, the progress status of the leveling operation is displayed to the operator to inform the operator that the leveling operation is being performed properly, and the anxiety of the operator is eliminated.

The discriminator 55 judges the magnitude of the angle deviation output from the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52, selects the one with the larger angle deviation, and displays the state of change of the selected angle deviation. Output to the drive unit 56, and the display content is changed according to the change in the angle deviation.
Display it.

The one with the larger angle deviation is selected.
This is because it takes more time to adjust the angle with the larger angle deviation. Instead of selecting the size of the angle deviation, the sum of the angle deviations output from the angle detection circuit 51 and the angle detection circuit 52 may be obtained, and the display content may be changed according to the value of the sum of the angle deviations.

The relationship between the angle deviation and the time is shown in FIG. 5. From this relationship, the position for changing the display content is set in advance, and the display is switched when the angle deviation reaches the set position.

As the display contents, those shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 are exemplified.

As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of arrows 59 arranged in the horizontal direction are displayed on the display panel 58 of the display 57, and the lit arrow 59 is turned to the left as the leveling operation progresses. When the leveling operation is completed, [S
[TART] lights up and the next operation is started.

Further, the one shown in FIG. 7 is such that the remaining time required for leveling is indicated by the display 60 or the like.

Further, in the one shown in FIG. 8, the indicator lamp 61 is made to blink, and the speed of the blinking time is changed according to the remaining time required for leveling.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the spherical surface portion 11a is set to 3
Although it is supported by the projections 9 at points, it may be supported by projections at four or more points. Further, although the protrusion 9 is raised from the inner peripheral surface of the support seat 7, another component such as a steel ball may be embedded. Alternatively, the embedded steel ball may be freely rotatable. Further, although the reference plane is the horizontal plane in the above description, it goes without saying that a plane inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane can also be used as the reference plane. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the reference plane is formed by scanning the laser beam, but the laser beam is applied to the conical prism and the reflection surface of the conical prism spreads the laser beam over the entire circumference to form the reference plane. It may be formed. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the laser light is projected upward, but it may be projected downward.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the laser projector is supported at at least three points and can be freely tilted, the tilting support mechanism of the laser projector is remarkably simplified and the supporting state is improved. It has an excellent effect of ensuring stable support and stable support.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between angle deviation and leveling time.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a display example that displays a transition of a leveling state.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a display example that displays transition of the leveling state.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a display example that displays a transition of a leveling state.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 9 Protrusion 10 Laser Projector 11 Head 11a Spherical Surface 20 Level Sensor 21 Level Sensor 23 Tilt Detector 25 Tilt Arm 26 Tilt Arm 31 Level Adjustment Motor 32 Level Adjustment Motor 35 Screw Shaft 37 Slide Nut 39 Screw Shaft 41 Slide Nut

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A laser surveying instrument having a laser projector for forming a reference plane by laser light, wherein the laser projector is tiltable in at least two directions, wherein the laser projector is supported at at least three points. Characteristic laser surveying instrument. 2. The laser survey instrument according to claim 1, wherein a spherical surface portion is formed on the laser projector, and the spherical surface portion is supported at at least three points in a state where the laser projector is suspended. 3. An arm extending in two directions from a laser projector, a screw shaft rotatably provided in a direction intersecting with the two arms, and a slide nut screwed onto the screw shaft. The laser surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein the arm is tiltable. 4. The laser surveying instrument according to claim 3, wherein the laser projector is provided with a level sensor for detecting tilts in two horizontal directions, and the rotation amount of the screw shaft is controlled based on the detection result of the level sensor. 5. A laser surveying instrument according to claim 2, wherein a ring-shaped reflector is provided at the lower end of the laser projector, and a plurality of optical sensors are arranged below the reflector around a required point.