JPH05322459A - Natural circulating cooling facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a natural circulating cooling facility for accomplishing generation of air flow and cooling by a complete static means in a plant such as a simplification boiled water type reactor in order to assure a safety of the plant with the static means without applying any hope on an emergency power supply in the case that a normal power supply is lost. CONSTITUTION:This plant is comprised of a heat pipe system 1, an interface wall made of raw material 16 having a high thermal conductivity, a chimney- shaped chamber 13, a floor opening hole 14, an upper opening 11, a heat generating member 9 and a heat accumulating refrigerant 6a. Heat generated by the heat generating member 9 is guided as an air stream to the upper opening 11 and cooled by the heat pipe system or the interface wall. The air stream is naturally circulated under an action of the chimney-shaped chamber 13 and the floor opening hole 14, medium within the heat pipe system evaporated by the chimney-shaped chamber 13 is cooled by the heat accumulating medium 6a and circulated under a phase variation of the medium. With such an arrangement, the cooling can be carried out under natural circulation without using any dynamic equipment such as a blower and the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a natural circulation cooling facility, and in particular, does not have an emergency power generation facility such as a control room that requires cooling in an accident such as a power loss of a simplified boiling water nuclear power generation facility. The present invention relates to a natural circulation cooling equipment for a room that requires cooling in an emergency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a prior art of a cooling facility using a heat pipe, there is one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-49889. This prior art is shown in FIG. The cooling equipment is composed of a heat pipe heat absorbing portion 17, a heat pipe heat radiating portion 18, a water tank 19, and the like.

In the heat absorbing portion 17, the hydraulic fluid in the wick 20 is vaporized and enters the heat radiating portion 18 through the vapor passage 21. The water in the water tank 19 in which the heat radiating portion 18 is located penetrates outside the pores 23 and contacts the outside air to evaporate, so that the heat of vaporization cools the water below the outside air. Therefore, the heat radiating portion 18 is cooled, the working fluid is condensed and returns to the heat absorbing portion 17 through the working fluid passage 22. Further, the heat absorbing portion 17 is arranged near the window and cools the outside air that naturally flows in.

As another related cooling technique of this type, there is JP-A-55-25792.

[0005]

In the simplified boiling water nuclear power plant, when the regular power source is lost, the safety of the plant is secured by the static reactor safety facility without expecting an emergency power source. The goal is to achieve cooling and to achieve cooling in a static manner for cooling equipment.

In the above-mentioned prior art, the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe is provided near the window, and is brought into contact with high temperature outside air that naturally flows in to cool it. On the other hand, the evaporative gas generated in the heat pipe heat dissipation part is not simply cooled by water in the heat pipe heat absorption part, but fine holes are provided in the water tank to keep the inside of the water tank at a low temperature by the heat of vaporization accompanying evaporation of water. There is. For this reason, the water tank is provided with a cooling water supply valve and a cooling water supply valve that works in conjunction with a sensor so that the cooling water is constantly filled with a constant amount of cooling water.

However, when this conventional technique is applied to the cooling of the nuclear power generation equipment, there are the following problems. First, in the above nuclear power plant, from the viewpoint of protection against the spread of radioactive contamination, it has a windowless structure.Therefore, it is not possible to apply the above-mentioned cooling equipment installed at the window to cool the outside air that naturally flows in. is there. The second is that cooling water is replenished using a sensor for maintaining the function of the water tank as a cooling source. That is, in the above-mentioned nuclear power generation equipment, the goal is to achieve the function maintenance by the static means as described above, whereas in the above-mentioned conventional cooling equipment, the cooling water supply pump and the sensor are interlocked with respect to the replenishment of the cooling water. Power of the cooling water supply valve is required, and function maintenance cannot be achieved by static means.

[0008] A first object of the present invention is to provide a natural circulation cooling equipment which achieves the generation and cooling of an air flow in a room by static means. A second object of the present invention is to provide a natural circulation cooling facility that can generate and cool an air flow in a room by a static means continuously for a certain period after an accident such as a power loss.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above first object, according to the present invention, a chimney-shaped chamber adjacent to a chamber to be cooled, a heat radiating portion provided with a cooling source and a chimney-shaped chamber are provided. A heat transfer pipe heat transfer system having a stored evaporator is formed, and openings with height differences are formed in the vicinity of the floor and ceiling of the room to be cooled, and the chimney-shaped room is cooled via these openings. There is provided a natural circulation cooling facility characterized by being communicated with the. Here, a plurality of openings are preferably formed on the floor of the room to be cooled as the openings near the floor.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, according to the present invention, in the above natural circulation cooling equipment, a heat storage refrigerant tank for storing a refrigerant having a refrigerant cooling equipment as a cooling source of the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system. A natural circulation cooling facility is provided which is characterized by being capable of continuously cooling for a required period even after the loss of the function of the refrigerant cooling facility due to the loss of power or a failure.

Instead of the heat transfer pipe heat transfer system, a heat pipe system may be used in which an integral container is arranged through the boundary wall between the cooling source and the chimney chamber. Instead of using the heat transfer pipe heat transfer system, the boundary wall between the cooling source and the chimney-shaped chamber may be made of a material having high thermal conductivity.

Further, an adsorption filter may be installed in at least one of the openings provided in the vicinity of the floor and the vicinity of the ceiling of the room to be cooled, or the evaporation section of the heat pipe system may be arranged in the entire chimney-shaped room. ..

Further, the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system may be arranged above the room to be cooled to increase the effective height of the chimney-shaped chamber, or an ice storage tank may be used as a cooling source for the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system. This ice storage tank may be provided with a capacity for storing ice by making ice that can be continuously cooled during the period required for natural circulation cooling or for a period longer than that.

[0014]

By forming openings having height differences near the floor and the ceiling of the room to be cooled, and connecting the chimney-shaped room storing the evaporation part of the heat pipe system to the room to be cooled through these openings, A natural circulation loop is formed between the chimney-shaped chamber and the chamber to be cooled, and the specific gravity difference between the heated air due to heat generation in the chamber to be cooled and the cooling air due to cooling in the heat pipe system evaporator in the chimney-shaped chamber As a result, natural circulation of air occurs and the heat removal effect in the room to be cooled is achieved. Further, by providing a plurality of floor openings as openings near the floor, the cold air from the chimney-shaped chamber is uniformly distributed to the cooling target chamber, and the indoor temperature distribution is optimized.

A heat storage refrigerant tank is provided as a cooling source for the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system, and the heat storage of the heat storage refrigerant tank is carried out in advance in the refrigerant cooling facility to prevent loss of function due to loss of regular power source or failure of the refrigerant cooling facility. , The cooling capacity gradually decreases due to the loss of the function of the refrigerant cooling facility, but in the simplified boiling water nuclear power generation facility, there is a limit to the operating period after the loss of the regular power source, so the capacity to remove heat during that period. If there is, it becomes possible to continue cooling for a necessary period even after the function of the refrigerant cooling equipment is lost.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the natural circulation cooling equipment of this embodiment cools a cooling target chamber 8 accommodating a heating element 9, and a chimney-shaped chamber 13 adjacent to the cooling target chamber 8 and a pipe heat transport type heat. The heat pipe system 1 comprises a medium condenser 2, a medium evaporator 3 stored in a chimney-shaped chamber 13, a liquefying medium 4 and a vaporizing medium 5 in a heat pipe, and a medium condenser 2. Provide a cooling source for
It is composed of the medium condenser 2 and the heat storage refrigerant tank 6 which constitutes the heat dissipation portion of the heat pipe system. Further, a plurality of openings 14 are formed on the floor of the cooling target chamber 8, and an upper opening 11 having a height difference with respect to the opening 14 is formed near the ceiling, and the cooling target chamber 8 and the chimney-shaped chamber 13 are formed. The airflows 10, 12 and 15 form a loop through which the airflow naturally circulates.

The heat storage refrigerant tank 6 is provided with a refrigerant cooling equipment 7, and the heat storage refrigerant 6a, for example, water is cooled in the refrigerant cooling equipment 7. The heat pipe system 1 cools the air flow 12 by utilizing the latent heat of the heat storage refrigerant 6a, and the liquefied medium 4 in the medium evaporator 3 is vaporized into the medium 4 by the air flow 12, and in this state, the medium condenser Heat transfer to 2. The medium condenser 2 absorbs the heat of the vaporizing medium 5 by the latent heat of the heat storage refrigerant 6a, and then returns to the liquefying medium 4. The liquefied medium 4 is the medium evaporator 3
Be led again to. In this way, the circulation due to the phase change of the medium is performed in the heat pipe.

On the other hand, in the room 8 to be cooled, an air flow 10 is generated by the heating element 9. The air flow 10 passes through the upper opening 11 and is guided to the chimney-shaped chamber 13 as the air flow 12, and the medium evaporator 3
Forming a high temperature part on the upstream side of. At this time, the medium evaporator 3
Since the downstream side of is not receiving the heat of the heating element 9, a low temperature portion is generated by the endothermic action of the medium evaporator 3. Therefore,
A difference in specific gravity of the gas occurs due to the temperature difference between the high temperature portion and the low temperature portion, and the difference in specific gravity causes a force to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side of the medium evaporator 3. Since the chimney-shaped chamber 13 is opened by the plurality of floor openings 14 communicating with the cooling target chamber 8, this force becomes the air flow 15 and is guided to the cooling target chamber 8 again. By repeating the above, cooling is continuously performed.

As described above, in this embodiment, the natural circulation is generated to cool the cooling target chamber 8. In addition, the chimney-shaped chamber 13 improves the chimney effect of the airflows 12 and 15 by the upper opening 11 and the plurality of floor openings 14 having appropriate height differences, and improves the cooling effect on the cooling target chamber 8. Further, since the plurality of floor openings 14 are formed, the cool air from the chimney-shaped chamber 13 is evenly distributed to the cooling target chamber 8, and the indoor temperature distribution is optimized. Further, the heat pipe system 1 can continuously maintain the cooling function by the heat storage refrigerant 6a even when the refrigerant cooling facility 7 is stopped due to a power loss, a failure, or the like.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the cooling of the refrigerant target chamber 8 can be realized by the static means, and further the cooling operation of the refrigerant cooling facility 7 is continuously performed by the heat storage refrigerant 6a. be able to. Further, the cooling effect can be improved by the plurality of floor openings 14.

In the above embodiment, the heat pipe system 1 is a pipe heat transport type, and the refrigerant evaporator 3 and the refrigerant condenser 4 are separated. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat pipe system 1A is integrated. It may be a container and may be disposed through the boundary wall between the animal heat storage refrigerant tank 6 and the chimney-shaped chamber 13.

Further, although the heat pipe system 1 is used in the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Material 1 with high thermal conductivity on the boundary wall between the chimney-shaped chamber 13 and
6 may be used to absorb the heat generated in the cooling target chamber 8 to generate natural circulation of air.

In the above embodiment, the natural circulation loop was used as a simple air passage. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the adsorption filter 11A is installed in at least one of the openings 11 or 14 of the natural circulation loop, so that the indoor Contaminated air may be purified during natural circulation.

Further, in the above embodiment, the medium evaporator 3 of the heat pipe system is arranged in a part of the chimney-shaped chamber 13. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant circulation pipe of the heat pipe system 1B is laid out. The entire space of the chimney-shaped chamber 13 may be the medium evaporator 3B to enhance the cooling effect.

Further, in the above embodiment, the heat storage refrigerant tank 6 constituting the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system is juxtaposed at the same height as the cooling target chamber 8. However, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to enhance the cooling effect by arranging at a position above the cooling target chamber 8 and enlarging the effective height of the chimney-shaped chamber 13. In this case, it is preferable to form a plurality of openings in the ceiling of the cooling target chamber 8 and guide the air flow 10 generated by the heating element 9 to the upper opening 11 through this opening 11a.
Thereby, a uniform airflow can be generated in the cooling target chamber 8.

When ice is used as the heat storage refrigerant 6a, the heat storage refrigerant tank 6 is provided with a capacity capable of accommodating an amount of ice capable of cooling for a required cooling period or a period longer than that, and a regular power source is used. Make ice with the used refrigerant cooling equipment 7,
The required cooling source may be stored in advance.

[0027]

According to the present invention, the chamber to be cooled can be cooled by the static means, and the duct of the dynamic equipment and its ancillary equipment is not required. Further, the cooling effect can be improved by the plurality of floor openings. Further, even if the function of the refrigerant cooling equipment is lost due to an accident such as loss of power or failure, it is possible to continue cooling with the heat storage refrigerant, so that a backup function of the emergency power equipment is unnecessary.

As described above, it is possible to reduce costs in terms of equipment costs and operating costs, and to provide a noise-free and comfortable cooling equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a natural circulation cooling equipment according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cooling facility using a conventional heat pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat pipe system 2 Refrigerant condenser (heat dissipation part) 3 Refrigerant evaporator (evaporation part) 6 Heat storage refrigerant tank (heat dissipation part) 6a Heat storage refrigerant 8 Cooling target chamber 11 Opening 13 Chimney-shaped chamber 14 Opening

Front page continued (72) Inventor Takehisa Miyagawa 3-1-1 Sachimachi, Hitachi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Hitachi factory (72) Inventor Kenji Tominaga 3-1-1, Sachimachi, Hitachi, Ibaraki Stock company Hitachi Ltd.Hitachi factory

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A chimney-shaped chamber adjacent to the chamber to be cooled,
A heat pipe system of a pipe heat transport type having a heat radiating part having a cooling source and an evaporating part stored in the chimney-shaped chamber, and forming an opening having a height difference in the vicinity of the floor and the ceiling of the chamber to be cooled. The natural circulation cooling equipment is characterized in that the chimney-shaped chamber communicates with the cooling target chamber through these openings. 2. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of openings are formed on the floor of the room to be cooled as openings near the floor. 3. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer pipe heat transfer system is replaced by
A natural circulation cooling equipment, characterized by using a heat pipe system in which an integrated container is arranged through a boundary wall between the cooling source and a chimney-shaped chamber. 4. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the boundary wall between the cooling source and the chimney-shaped chamber is provided with thermal conductivity instead of arranging the heat transfer pipe heat transfer system. Natural circulation cooling equipment characterized by being made of high material. 5. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein a heat storage refrigerant tank for storing a refrigerant, which is equipped with a refrigerant cooling equipment as a cooling source for the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system, is provided, and the refrigerant cooling equipment due to loss of power, failure, or the like. A natural circulation cooling facility that is capable of continuously cooling for a required period even after the loss of function of. 6. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein an adsorption filter is installed in at least one of openings provided near the floor and near the ceiling of the room to be cooled. 7. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation part of the heat pipe system is arranged in the entire chimney-shaped chamber. 8. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system is disposed above the cooling target chamber, and the effective height of the chimney-shaped chamber is enlarged. Natural circulation cooling equipment. 9. The natural circulation cooling equipment according to claim 1, wherein an ice heat storage tank is provided as a cooling source for the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe system, and the ice heat storage tank is maintained for a period necessary for natural circulation cooling or a period longer than that. Natural circulation air-conditioning equipment characterized by making ice that can be cooled by cooling and making it have the capacity to store heat.