JPH0532211A - Packaging apparatus using biaxially oriented web - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To narrow the width of a raw web for reducing the consumption and shortening the packaging time period by a method wherein a raw web feeder, lateral and longitudinal orienting devices and a winding device are integrally assembled, and the raw web is wound around a package after the raw web is oriented in the lateral and longitudinal directions. CONSTITUTION:A raw web 1 is set on a stand 2, and led into a pair of upper and lower laterally-orienting pulleys 3a and 3b. A driver 4 rotates turn pulleys 6a and 6b via bevel gears 5a and 5b to run belts 7a and 7b, so that the laterally- orienting pulleys 3a and 3b are rotated. A pair of longitudinally-orienting pulleys 11a is rotated by the driver 4 via a pair of gears 12a. The web 13 after oriented in the lateral and longitudinal directions is wound around a package 15 by a tension regulating dancer roll with a constant tension. The package 15 is incorporated into a pile of goods 18-1-18-3 loaded on a pallet 17 on a turntable 16 that is rotated by a motor 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for packaging luggage with a stretched web.

More specifically, the web is biaxially stretched, and immediately after the stretching, the stretched web is wrapped around a load a plurality of times.
The present invention relates to a packaging device that integrates loads with a contracting force generated by stretching.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, luggage accumulated on a pallet has been
A wrapping form called stretch wrapping or pallet stretch wrapping, in which a film is wrapped while being wound and wrapped, has been developed, which has contributed to rationalization of packaging during transportation of luggage. A generally used apparatus is a device that stretches a film vertically with a winding tension to wind it around a package and wraps the package with a contracting force of the stretched film. There is also a method in which the film is stretched vertically and then wrapped with an appropriate winding tension (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-5208).
7, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-27254).

Conventionally, there is also an example of packaging of a bag in which a net is vertically stretched and wound. This is used, for example, when the packaged baggage is required to have air permeability and condensation is not desired.

[0005]

In these conventional methods, the width of the film is narrow, and in order to wind the film on the entire side surface of the baggage, it is necessary to wind the film in multiple layers while wrapping it little by little. 1 to 1.5 for normal 500 mm wide film
It is necessary to wind 10 to 15 times with a meter-height baggage.

Although it is conceivable to widen the width of the raw film for the purpose of reducing the number of windings, the workability of carrying the raw film or attaching it to the packaging device is poor. In addition, it is difficult to roll a wide film with a thin (about 25 micron) film with adhesive on one or both sides. It's not easy. Generally, for the purpose of reducing the amount of raw film used, it is desired to manufacture a film as thin as possible to reduce the packaging cost. However, since the raw fabric film is very stretchable and has an adhesive, it is difficult to manufacture the raw fabric film with a width of 10 μm or less, whether it is narrow or wide.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the present invention, the above problems have been solved by laterally stretching a film having a narrow width to use it in a wide width. As a horizontal stretching device, a tenter device and a tubular biaxial stretching technique generally used in the film industry are not practical in pallet packaging which requires high equipment cost, requires a large floor area, and requires simplicity. In the film industry, various simple horizontal stretching other than the above has been proposed, but since uniform stretching is difficult, few apparatuses have been put into practical use. The biaxially stretched film does not become a product, even if it has a slight stretching unevenness. The present invention aims to apply a simple horizontal stretching technique to a pallet packaging system. Any simple horizontal stretching system is not suitable for stretch packaging.
For example, a horizontal stretching device using a pair of rollers, which has a combination of convex ridges and concave grooves on the roll surface, is also known (a large number such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-11599). However, this method has a small horizontal stretch ratio. In particular, when the raw film used for this stretch packaging is stretched at around room temperature, the shrinkage stress is large, and even if the stretched film is stretched, it shrinks immediately and the effect of the horizontal stretching is small. Further, since the film has not spread in the width direction even after being stretched in the horizontal direction, a separate step of expanding the film in the width direction is required.

As a simple horizontal stretching device, a stretching device utilizing a pulley used in the present invention has been known for a long time (BP849, 436), and the present inventors have proposed many pulley type stretching devices. (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5
5456, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-30368, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-23
6439). As another simple stretching device, a large number of grippers (Japanese Patent Publication No.
There is also a stretching device in which needle-shaped pins are planted. An advantage of the present invention is that these conventional rotary disk type horizontal stretching operations are combined with a device for continuously winding around a load and adapted to a stretch packaging system. Further, in these conventional horizontal stretching devices, the horizontally stretched film flows horizontally in the line direction, but in the pallet packaging, the rotating disks are arranged vertically and are arranged to be vertically stretched. There is also a feature.

In the present invention, a simple horizontal stretching device and a vertical stretching device are used to diligently study a stretch wrapping system which uses a small amount of a raw web and shortens the wrapping time. I was able to solve it.

The present invention relates to a device which can be easily used in a distribution center for cargo and each warehouse, and relates to a web feeding device, a horizontal stretching device having a pair of rotating discs spread out toward the end, a vertical stretching device, and a baggage winding device. The feature is that it is combined with a device that goes out.

The disk-type stretching device as the horizontal stretching means of the present invention can use a space three-dimensionally, so that it becomes compact and the floor area of the device can be reduced. Further, since both ends of the ears are gripped and stretched, the stretching ratio can be increased and the stretching can be reliably performed. Since the device is simple, the device cost is low. In particular, the pulley type stretching device can use a commercially available pulley or belt, so that it can be easily manufactured at low cost. The fact that the device is simple has good workability such as changing the draw ratio depending on the height of the luggage, repairing the device, and transporting the device.

Another feature of the disc type horizontal stretching device is that
Despite the simple stretching device, the following functions can be provided in the combination of a pair of disks. At the entrance, there is a parallel part that is not stretched horizontally, and that part can be preheated if necessary. It is stretched in the horizontal direction afterwards. At the end of stretching, there is a parallel part again,
Here, the arrangement of molecules in the stretched state is fixed (in the heated state, a constant length heat treatment is performed). Even past the maximum stretch,
Further, when the both ears are gripped, the width becomes narrower. By gripping up to this area, the grip is held in a slightly contracted state, so that the contraction after leaving the disc can be suppressed to a small level. (If it is in a heated state, it will be shrinkage heat treatment). The draw ratio can be changed by changing the position at which the web is gripped at the entrance of the disc and the position at which the horizontally stretched web is separated from the grip at the disc exit.

As the rotary disc for horizontal stretching, there are a pulley type stretching device, a gripper type, and a type in which needle-shaped pins are planted around the disc. Details of these devices will be described in the section of the detailed description of the drawings.

It is desirable that the horizontal stretching ratio is at least 2 times or more. More preferably, it is desirable to stretch by 2.5 times or more. Because at low draw ratio,
To obtain the width of the web that is more than the side to be packed for luggage, the width of the original web is wide, but the stretch web for pallet packaging that is usually used is 500 mm wide, and it is extremely large for one person. The workability is poor even though the original fabric is attached. The height of luggage is usually about 1 to 1.5 m. After the horizontal stretching, there is no force to keep the width constant, and it is necessary to stretch at a considerably high magnification in consideration of contraction in the width direction. The width of the original fabric cannot be made wider than the manufacturing side of the original fabric. Therefore, in view of the economical efficiency of the apparatus, the workability of operation, etc., it is necessary to stretch the lateral stretch ratio to at least 2 times or more, more preferably 2.5 times or more. in this way,
The present invention is characterized in that the width of the web to be pallet-wrapped can be made very large, so that the web can be stretched with a width equal to or greater than the height of the load so that almost the entire side surface of the load can be wrapped in one round. However, it is not necessary to cover almost the entire side surface during the first to second turns of the winding.

The laterally stretched web has a large width shrinkage immediately after the lateral stretching and in the vertical stretching process thereafter and before and after the longitudinal stretching process.
In that case, for the purpose of reducing this shrinkage, it is effective to provide an appropriate widening means immediately after the horizontal stretching or in the vertical stretching process or before and after the vertical stretching process. Usual expander rolls, cross guiders, curved bars and the like can also be used. As a more effective means, which will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, a width shrinkage prevention device in which a tapered rotor is arranged at least at both ends of the web is installed.

When the load is very high and the side face of the load cannot be covered in one round, a lifting device is attached to the turntable and the load is lifted while rotating.

OPP and OPET in the ordinary film industry
Such as a biaxial stretching device, especially a simple biaxial stretching device,
In general, vertical stretching is performed first, and then horizontal stretching is performed. This is because the vertical stretching device can have a narrow width. However, in the present invention, vertical stretching is performed after horizontal stretching. This is because the results of the experiment have shown that the force of holding the load when wound on the pallet is larger and the load collapse is less after the vertical stretching. However, some vertical stretching may be carried out, followed by horizontal stretching, and then further vertical stretching. It has the advantage that the total vertical stretching ratio can be increased. In that case, the first vertical stretching is preferably 100% or less. In addition, the first vertical stretching may be a simple means in which the feeding device for the original web is braked and the stretching is performed only by the feeding tension. Further, as a vertical stretching device, a type of stretching device having a simultaneous biaxial mechanism for stretching in the vertical direction in a disc type horizontal stretching device can be used (Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-1).
5438).

When the stretched web is wrapped around a load, the tension to be wrapped must be constant within a certain range. It is often practiced to provide a tension controller between the stretching device and the device for wrapping around the luggage, and to make the speed of either the stretching device or the wrapping device variable depending on the wrapping tension. A mechanism for synchronizing the stretching speed and the winding speed may be used without the tension control.

A turntable is usually used as a device for winding luggage. It is on a turntable, and is suitable for various items such as an aggregate of a large number of corrugated cards and heavy bags placed on a pallet, accumulated grass, rolled paper, and the like. The stretched web is wrapped and wrapped by rotating the turntable. When winding a turntable or a roll-wound object, it is desirable that both the drawing line and the device for winding the load be automatically stopped when the load is wound at a certain number of rotations.

Another form of wrapping luggage is adapted to cylindrical stuff such as rolled stuff,
Rolled paper, film, cloth, etc. These do not have to be on a pallet, and are rotated around the axis of roll winding, and there is also a packaging system in which the stretched web of the present invention is wound according to the rotation.

As yet another form of winding the luggage,
There is also a method in which the luggage is fixed and the stretching device rotates around the luggage to wind it around.

When the load is large or the speed is high, it may be effective to provide the vertical stretching and horizontal stretching devices of the present invention in multiple stages to perform multiple stages.

As the form of the raw web used in the present invention, not only a film but also a net, a perforated film, a non-woven fabric and the like can be used. A simple film without holes does not have air permeability, so if you want to give air permeability or moisture permeability, or if you are having trouble with condensation on your luggage, perforated film, net, non-woven fabric, etc. are effective. . In addition, these perforated films, nets, and non-woven fabrics also have an advantage that shrinkage after horizontal stretching is reduced.

As the original net used in the present invention,
An integrally extruded net, eg USP 3,723
There is a grid-like net made up of warp yarn components and weft yarn components such as 218, and a rhombus net made up of warp yarn components and diagonal yarn components such as BP1,058,445. Also, woven and knitted fabrics can be used. In any case, these nets
Whether unstretched or stretched, it must be possible to stretch further.

The raw film may be perforated, may be perforated by stretching, or may be forcibly perforated with a needle or a slitter before or after the stretching process. Wrapping the bag with a film that has holes also gives the bag breathability and prevents condensation on the bag.

The non-woven fabric raw material used in the present invention may be a non-oriented filament or a non-oriented filament, and even a non-woven fabric in which these filaments are randomly accumulated and entangled like a conventional spunbonded non-woven fabric. Good, the inventors of the present invention, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-91
Nonwoven fabrics consisting of unidirectionally oriented filaments of unoriented filaments according to 390 are also suitable.

Polymers that can be used as the raw web of the present invention include LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene), LDPE (low density polyethylene), and E.
VA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), polybutadiene, polyolefin such as modified polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, polyamide and the like can be used. Further, these polymers are blended with each other or used in multiple layers. Further, it is used by blending a liquid rubber such as polybutene or a pressure sensitive adhesive such as petroleum resin or by surface coating.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to clarify the present invention, the embodiments shown in the drawings will be described in detail below.

1 and 2 show an example of the implementation of the stretching device of the present invention. 1 is a side view and FIG. 2 is a plan view. Rolled web 1 (web width w1)
Is set upright on the pedestal 2, is paid out with a substantially constant tension (feeding speed v1), and is guided to the stretching pulleys 3a and 3b arranged above and below. In FIG. 2, the original web 1 is
Although it is drawn at a position outside the equipment frame, after setting the original roll, rotate the fulcrum (not shown) that supports the gantry 2 inside the frame and put it inside the frame to enlarge the passage. To be able to take. The rotation of the driving device 4 is changed in direction by the bevel gears 5a and 5b, the turn pulleys 6a and 6b are rotated, and the belts 7a and 7b are driven by the driven turn pulleys 6a and 6b. 3b is rotating (rotation speed is v2). It is also possible to reach the stretching pulley after slightly stretching with the feeding tension (v1 <v2).
The original web 1 is gripped at both ends by the circulation belts 7a and 7b at the narrowest portions of the stretching pulleys 3a and 3b. The distance between the grips of the web whose both ends are gripped is w2. The web whose both ends are gripped is vertically stretched in the width direction by the semi-circular diverging track on the semicircles of the stretching pulleys 3a and 3b, and is at the most widened part of the diverging track (both ends grip distance w3). The grip between the belt and the pulley is released, and the horizontal stretched web 8 (whole web width w4)
Becomes No heating is usually required in this horizontal stretching process. If the diameter of the stretching pulley cannot be made too large, the trajectory of the web running in the central portion is shorter than the trajectory of the web along the pulley, and therefore, the unstretched portion remains in the central portion of the web. In the case of pallet packaging, some stretching unevenness does not pose a problem. However, when the unstretched portion in the central portion is too much left, the infrared heater 9 is used at the beginning of the stretching process.
(In some cases, heating with hot air is effective), heating the central portion of the web enables uniform stretching. Further, in the horizontal stretching process, as the stretching ratio increases, a contracting force in the vertical direction acts on the central portion of the web, causing the web to hang down as indicated by a dotted line f in FIG. When drooping like this f becomes extreme, the central portion is not stretched as well, resulting in uneven stretching. Therefore, freely rotatable guide turn rolls 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, ... Are provided so as to be substantially equal to the outer diameters of the drawing pulleys 3a, 3b, and the sagging as indicated by the dotted line f is prevented. So that uniform stretching can be performed.

Two vertical stretching rolls 11a, 11b are set upright in the vicinity of the maximum widening portion of the laterally widening trajectory of the horizontal stretching pulleys 3a, 3b. 11b may be provided with a separate nip roll for holding the stretching tension, but it is omitted in the figure. 11b is driven by a line shaft from the driving device 4, and the difference between the surface speed (v3) of the roll 11a and the surface speed (v4) of the roll 11b is that of the gears 12a and 12b (this is not shown). Determined by gear ratio. Roll 11
The web 13 vertically stretched by a and 11b is wound around the cargo 15 with a constant tension by the tension control dancer roll 14 at a speed v5. To maintain a constant tension, a mechanism for keeping the movement of the dancer roll at a constant tension with an air cylinder, a spring, a magnet, or the like, or an electric or mechanical tension controller can be used.

On the pallet 17 on the turntable 16,
Each piece of luggage (18-1, 18-2, 18-3, ...
.) Is accumulated on the upper surface of the cargo 15 and the upper contact web 1
9 is put. The turntable 16 is driven by the motor 20, and the entire side surface of the cargo 15 is wrapped integrally with the web 13 by winding the web 13.

Although not shown in the figure, there may be used a device for preventing a collapse of the cargo due to the rotation of the cargo by pressing a plane which freely rotates from the upper portion of the cargo.

The turntable 16 is rotated at a constant rotation speed, but the cargo 15 is usually a square, and the speed of the web 13 to be wound changes at the corner portion h and the flat portion i, and at the portion h, it is high. i part is slow. The change in tension due to this speed change may be absorbed in the movement range of the dancer roll 14, but the rotation speed of the turntable is slow in the initial stage of operation and gradually increased. The position of the dancer roll is sensed, and the speed of the drive unit 4 is changed to follow it. There is also a method of controlling the drive device 20 of the turntable 16 so that the speeds of the h and i portions of the cargo are substantially constant. Further, the turntable may be simply rotated by a torque motor.

When the width of the stretched web is narrower than the height of the load, the load on the turntable can be moved up and down to wind the stretched web to wrap the entire side surface of the load. . It is easier to move the turntable than to move the entire stretching device up and down.

The draw ratio of the web can be defined as follows. As the lateral stretch ratio Nm of the device and the entire width of the web,
The substantially stretched lateral stretch ratio Np is represented by the following formula. Apparatus Horizontal draw ratio Nm = w3 / w2 Substantially horizontal draw ratio Np = w4 / w1 w1 is the original width, w2 is the grip width of the web at the pulley inlet, w3 is the grip width of the drawn web at the pulley outlet, w4 Is the width of the web that is wrapped around your luggage. Regarding the vertical stretching ratio, the apparatus roll vertical stretching ratio Mr by the vertical stretching rolls 11a and 11b and the substantial vertical stretching ratio Mp from the unwinding of the web to the winding around the baggage are expressed as follows. Mr = v4 / v3 Mp = v5 / v1 v1 is a web feeding speed, v3 and v4 are surface speeds of vertical stretching rolls, and v5 is a speed at which the web is wound around a load. The total area stretching ratio X is expressed as follows. X = Mp × Np = (w4 × v5) / (w1 × v1)

One of the features of the present invention is to propose a simple stretching device capable of effectively increasing the area stretching ratio X. As an effective means, a vertical stretching roll is installed in the vicinity of the horizontal stretching device, and this vertical stretching means is a proximity stretching means for stretching the rolls by bringing them close to each other.
In order to further clarify this, the portion of the vertical stretching device of FIG. 1 is enlarged and shown in FIG. If the distance L between the horizontal stretching device and the vertical stretching device can be shortened, vertical stretching can also be performed between them, but it is particularly effective to prevent lateral width shrinkage to a minimum by performing vertical vertical proximity with a distance g between vertical stretching rolls. The present invention proposes a simple stretching means capable of maximizing the area stretching ratio X from a small lateral stretching ratio Np and a small vertical stretching ratio Mp while vertically stretching. In addition, the horizontal stretching ratio Np is 15 kg from the given web width w1
In order to cover the entire side surface of the bag, the horizontal draw ratio must be such that it can be drawn wider than the height of the luggage. The value of this distance L should be as short as possible, 800
It is installed so that it is less than or equal to mm, preferably less than or equal to 200 mm. By setting L to 800 mm or less, the shrinkage ratio in the width direction of the web after horizontal stretching is in the range of 10 to 20% (depending on the type of web), and by setting L to 200 mm or less, the shrinkage ratio is 10%. It can be:
When it is 800 mm or more, the shrinkage ratio exceeds 20%, and the lateral stretching efficiency is poor. In addition, the horizontal stretching pulleys 3a, 3b and 11
Although it may be stretched in the lengthwise direction between a, the shrinkage ratio in the width direction is smaller when stretched in the lengthwise direction between 11a and 11b, which can shorten the stretching distance g of the lengthwise stretching. The shorter the inter-stretching distance g, the smaller the contraction of the width, but if it is too short, the workability such as the initial web passing or the treatment when the web is wound around the roll is deteriorated. , 200 mm or less, preferably 50 mm or less, and 5 mm or more.

One of the features of the present invention is that when the height of the cargo 15 is changed, the web width w to be wound by changing the draw ratio is changed.
5 can be adjusted so that it is larger than the cargo height and is not too large to waste the web. The draw ratio can be easily changed by changing the opening angle of the draw pulleys 3a and 3b, changing the gripping position of the web at the entrance or exit of the pulleys, etc. Is a feature of.

As the stretching pulley and the belt, it is common to use a V pulley 30 and a V belt 31 (a double-sided V belt may be fitted) fitted to the V pulley 30 as shown in FIG. 4A. The belt can be any shape of belt that fits in the groove. Also, the pulley 3 having a plurality of grooves shown in B of FIG.
2 may be used and a plurality of belts (33, 34) may be passed through to grip multiple layers, which is effective for a web having a large drawing tension. Further, when the stretching tension is small, the flat belt and the flat pulley can be used. However, as shown in Fig. C, the flat belt 35 and the flat pulley 36 are specially roughened to increase the gripping force. is there.

In FIG. 5, as another example of the rotary disk for horizontal stretching, a large number of pressing tools 41-1 around the disk 40 ,.
・ Horizontal stretch disks with 41-n can also be used. The pressing force for gripping the web 42 is shown in FIG.
The pressing tool 41-1 is pressed with 1 to grip the web 42 with the lower disk 44. This disk has a bottom plate 4 that does not rotate.
5 is attached, and when the length of the rib 46 on the circumference of the bottom plate 45 is long (46a), the spring can work to hold it, but at the released position it is short like 46b,
The spring pressure does not work. Although a spring is used in this figure, it can also be gripped by air pressure from an air cylinder. A horizontal stretching device of this type is also disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-44049.

In FIG. 6, as another example of a disk, a large number of needle-shaped pins 48-1, 48-2, 48-are provided around the disk 47.
Horizontal stretched discs having 3, ... Can also be used. It is also possible to adopt a device in which both ends of the web are hooked and gripped by this pin, and the pin is stretched vertically in the diverging orbit of the upper and lower discs.

Although the mechanism of horizontal stretching by the disc of the present invention is simple, comparing the trajectory of the web running at the both end portions along the circumference of the disc with the trajectory of the central portion of both discs, the central portion is compared. Is short. If the length is short, the center part tends to be thick.
This difference decreases as the diameter of the disk increases, but
A disc that is too large loses the characteristics of a simple horizontal stretching device. Therefore, in order to lengthen the course difference of the trajectory of the central portion as much as possible, at least a part of the flat guide turn rolls 10-1, 10-2, ... Use medium and high tycorol like 7. By making the central portion of this middle-high tycorol out of the outer circumference of the disc, the path difference of this locus can be reduced.

When the stretched web is horizontally stretched, it is often stretched in a necking manner and the unstretched portion remains in a strip shape. In the case of pallet packaging, there is often no problem in practical use even if some unstretched part remains. However, if the unstretched part is biased to a part, the binding force of the luggage will be uneven depending on the location,
It can be a hindrance. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, guide turn rolls 52-1, 52-2, 52- which guide the web 51 to be stretched in the middle in the end-spreading track formed by the horizontal stretching disks 50a, 50b forming the end-spreading track.
3 ..., ring-shaped guide rollers 53-1, 53-2,
53-3, ... are arranged along the orbit after the expansion. By doing so, the unstretched portions 54-1, 54-2, 54-3, ... Of the horizontally stretched web 51 can be spread over the entire width of the web and can be substantially regularly distributed. . Further, in FIG. 8, all the guide rollers have the same diameter, but the diameter of the central roller is made larger than the diameter of the guide rollers at the portions near the stretching disks at both ends to make it the same as the medium-high roll of FIG. It can also have an effect.

The pair of horizontal disks for horizontal stretching arranged vertically are symmetrical with respect to the disk having the same diameter in FIG. 1, but disks having different diameters may be arranged asymmetrically. FIG. 9 shows an example thereof. The lower disc 55b is horizontally arranged on the ground, the upper disc 55a is installed so as to be inclined, and has a larger diameter than the lower disc. By arranging in this way, a heavy original web can be installed at a low position. Further, when changing the draw ratio, it is sufficient to change only the inclination of 55a without moving the position of the original fabric or the disc 55b.

In FIG. 10, the original fabric 60 is a net, and a large number of pins on the circumference of pin-shaped horizontal stretching disks (disks shown in FIG. 5) 61a, 61b arranged in a V-shaped divergent orbit. A net is hooked on 62, gripped, and horizontally stretched to form a horizontally stretched net 63. Immediately after exiting this horizontal stretching disc, there is a turn roll 64 (free rotation or drive rotation is possible), and a top 65a having a frustoconical side surface at a position where both ears of the web come to the surface. Install 65b. This top may have a bearing inside so that it can rotate freely, but it may be fixed to the turn roll 64 and rotated in the same rotation as the rotation of the turn roll 64.
The tops 65a and 65b are arranged as shown in the drawing such that the one having the larger diameter is at the end of the web. This turn roll 64
May use the first one of the vertical stretching rolls. The tops 65a and 65b are highly effective in preventing the shrinkage of the width of the web, and in some cases, the shrinkage of the width can be prevented by about 10%. In FIG. 10, the pin type rotating disk and the net are taken as an example, but the same applies to other drawing rotating disks and other webs.

FIG. 11 shows an example of another type of width-direction contraction preventing means. A is a bow bar 66 provided with a large number of frustoconical tops 67. In each of the pieces 67,
It has a bearing inside so it can rotate freely. The direction of this bow-shaped curve is curved in the direction of film flow, as indicated by the arrow in the figure. B is a cross section of one top 67, and shows that the bearing 68 is contained inside.
The width shrinkage prevention means of FIGS. 10 and 11 is effective immediately after horizontal stretching as shown in FIG. 10, but as described above, since the horizontal stretching disk and the vertical stretching roll are close to each other, immediately after vertical stretching. Even if installed, it has the effect of preventing shrinkage.

In the case of the roll-wrapped article 70 as shown in FIG. 12, the roll web may be rotated around the roll axis to wind the stretched web around the surface for packaging. A is roll-shaped luggage 7
In the plan view of the packaging machine No. 0, the original fabric 71 is rotated by the rotary disk 7 for stretching.
2a, 72b (this is simply shown to avoid complication, but the drawing rotary disk comprising the pulley and belt of FIG. 1 or the gripper type of FIG. 5 or the drawing in which a large number of pins of FIG. 6 are planted It may be a rotating disk) and stretched horizontally.
The horizontally stretched web is vertically stretched between the vertical stretching rolls 73 and 74, and is supported and rotated by the coupling 77b rotated by the motor 76 on the pedestal 75 and the coupling 77a freely rotating with a bearing. Baggage 70
Wrap the stretched film around. A is a center drive winding method, while B is a perspective view of a winding device in the case of a surface drive. Rolls 78a, 78
There is a roll-shaped load 70 placed on b, and at least one of the rolls 78a and 78b is driven to rotate, and the load 70 rotates by the rotation of the roll, and the stretched film 79 is wound. Rolls 78a, 78
It is also possible to pass a belt between b and put a spherical or cylindrical load (for example, grass) on it for packaging. It is well known in the industry to wrap luggage with such a turntable, center drive, surface drive, etc., but by combining it with the horizontal stretching device of the present invention, the film width becomes wider and the number of windings can be increased. Not only does it reduce the amount of film used, but it also dramatically reduces the amount of film used, saving time and resources.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a raw web used in the present invention. A is a lattice net, B is a diamond net, C is a film with small holes, and D is a filament intertwined at random. It is an example of a non-woven fabric. B's rhombus net is
Even if the screen is stretched by the horizontal stretching device of the present invention, only the expansion of the mesh reduces the stretching of the constituent filaments, which serves as a widening device for expanding the mesh, but widening the web widens the number of windings. The effectiveness is great. The illustration of the film without holes and the film with holes by stretching is omitted.

[0048]

According to the present invention, various effects which are not available in the prior art described below can be achieved.

The raw fabric width may be narrow. It is naturally conceivable to use a wide web from the beginning for stretch wrapping, but the fact that a narrow web can be used has the following advantages. Easy to transport to pallet packing machine. It is necessary to stand and attach the original fabric,
If the width is narrow, it can be easily installed by one person. It is difficult to form a thin film that is a thin film and is stretchable and has an adhesive property with a wide width and good unevenness. Therefore,
If the web has a narrow width, it is easy to manufacture a raw material.

By resource-saving and economical biaxial stretching, the width of the web becomes wider than that of the narrow web, and the width of the side surface of the luggage can be fully packed. Further, even if the same original web is used, the web becomes thin after being wound, which saves the original web and is economical. Now let's compare the amount of web usage. In the conventional apparatus only for vertical stretching, since it is necessary to traverse the original web up and down, the number of windings increases. Using a thin web of 20μ and stretching it twice in the vertical direction, if one side of the luggage is 1600 mm and it makes 15 laps, 50 cm width × 0.002 cm thickness × 4 sides × 160 c
m × 15 rounds / (double stretching) = 480 cm ^{3 was} used. It is biaxially stretched and also stretched twice vertically,
Since it only needs to make 4 laps, even if a web with a thickness of 40μ is used, 50 cm width x 0.004 cm thickness x 4 x 160 cm
× 4 rounds / (2 times stretch) = 256 cm ³ , and only about half the conventional web usage is used.

When the packaged waste is packaged for practical use, the packaged web needs to be unwound or the web torn to remove the packaged package. And this wound web will be discarded, but with the conventional narrow web, the number of windings is large, so it is not only troublesome to take out the baggage inside, but also the amount to be discarded. Will increase.
Recently, the problem of waste disposal has become a big social problem. At the end of package delivery, dealing with this waste individually is more than a matter of time and expense. In the present invention, the number of windings is small and the amount of web used is halved, which is a great advantage from the viewpoint of waste.

Contamination Prevention Since the conventional web having a narrow width is wrapped and wrapped, dust is likely to be accumulated in the wrap portion and moisture is also likely to enter.
If they are wide and can be wrapped without wrapping, they will be solved. Since the present invention is biaxially stretched, the width becomes wide, these problems are eliminated, and a package with less dirt is obtained.

Luggage holding force In the present invention, a package wrapped with a web having a width equal to or larger than the package height is subjected to biaxial shrinkage stress, and thus provides a proper binding force to the package. Uniaxial stretching alone often results in too strong a binding force, but biaxial stretching tends to weaken the force in the vertical direction of the web to prevent the package from being damaged in the vertical direction ( The binding force (width direction) can also be used, resulting in a strong binding. Even with the same biaxial stretching, when a narrow biaxially stretched web is spirally wound, the shrinkage stress in the width direction has no effect on packaging of luggage.

Even if the conventional apparatus has a simple and inexpensive device, it is not always simple because a mechanism for reciprocating the web position of the original roll is required. The biaxial stretching device of the present invention does not require the thickness of the stretched film and the uniformity of the stretching ratio so much, and thus can be an extremely simplified device. Moreover, since the horizontal stretching device is a simple disk-type stretching device, the cost of the device is low, the installation space is small, and the workability is good. The disk-type horizontal stretching device grips both ends of the web and stretches it, so a large stretching ratio can be obtained.
In addition, it is possible to surely stretch horizontally. Further, since it is possible to easily change the horizontal stretch ratio, there is an advantage that products of various widths can be produced from the same original fabric. Further, by changing the draw ratio, the shrinkage force of the web (the binding force of the load) can be variously changed, and the load can have an optimum packaging form.

It is a device with a wide range of applications that can be applied to perforated films, nets, and non-woven fabrics in addition to simple films that can be applied to various webs.

By using the frustoconical widthwise shrinkage prevention means of the present invention, the width of the horizontally stretched web can be effectively used, and therefore the apparatus can be made compact and the utilization rate of the web can be improved. Since the number of windings also decreases,
Greatly effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of an example of a packaging device of the present invention, which is shown in a side view.

FIG. 2 is an overall view of an example of the packaging device of the present invention, and is shown in a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a vertical stretched portion of FIG.

4A, 4B and 4C show in cross-section various stretching pulley and belt types.

FIG. 5 is a gripper type rotary disk for horizontal stretching.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which a large number of needle-shaped pins are planted around a horizontal disk for horizontal stretching.

FIG. 7 is an example of a guide turn roll having a medium-high tycoroll shape.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which a large number of guide rollers are attached to a turn roll of a horizontal stretching device.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the diameters of horizontal disks for horizontal stretching are different and asymmetrically arranged.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which a frustoconical width shrinkage prevention device is installed only at both ends at the exit of the horizontal stretching device.

FIG. 11A is a type in which a frustoconical width shrinkage prevention unit is attached to a curved bar type, and B is a sectional view of the unit.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a center drive system, and B is a perspective view of a surface drive system.

FIG. 13 is an example of a raw material used in the present invention, in which a net (A,
B), perforated film (C), random nonwoven fabric (D).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Original web 3a, 3b Horizontal stretching pulley 7a, 7b Belt 9 Infrared heating device 10-1, 10-2 Guide turn roll 11a, 11b Vertical stretching roll 14 Dancer roll 15 Luggage 16 Turntable 30, 32, 36 Stretching pulley 31 , 33, 35 belt 40 rotating disk 41-1, 41-n gripper 43-1, 43-n spring 47 rotating disk 48-1, 48-2, 48-3 needle-shaped pins 50a, 50b planted in the disk Horizontal stretching rotary disks 53-1, 53-2, 53-3 Guide rollers 54-1, 54-2, 54-3 Unstretched portions 55a, 55b of web Asymmetric horizontal stretching rotary disks 61a, 61b with different diameters Horizontal stretching Rotating disk 62 Pins 65, 67 Cone-shaped top 70 Cylindrical loads 72a, 72b Horizontal stretching rotating disks 73, 74 Vertical stretching rolls 7a, 77b center drive packaging for coupling 78a, rotation roll 78b surface drive packaging

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shuichi Murakami             4-33-3 Itabashi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Yoichi Mazawa             4-3-20 Suzuya, Yono City, Saitama Prefecture

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A packaging apparatus in which a web is stretched, the stretched web is wound around a load a plurality of times immediately after stretching, and the load is integrated by a contracting force generated by the stretching, comprising: (a) an original web feeding device; ) A pair of end-opening orbiting disks arranged on a pair of end-opening orbits, and the edges of the web are gripped by the narrow part of the end-opening orbit of the disk, and the two ears are placed along the end-opening orbits on the outer circumference of the semicircles of both discs. It is composed of a web lateral stretching device for laterally stretching the web while gripping the ends, (c) a vertical stretching device for stretching in the line direction (vertical direction), and (d) a device for winding the stretched web around a load. Packaging equipment with biaxially oriented web. 2. A device for vertically stretching a web in which the pair of horizontal stretching rotary disks according to claim 1 are vertically arranged, and the web is stretched by rotation of the turntable when a load is on the turntable. A wrapping device using a biaxially stretched web, which comprises a wrapping device for wrapping. 3. A device for laterally stretching a web in a horizontal direction by arranging a pair of rotary stretching disks for horizontal stretching according to claim 1, wherein the load is cylindrical and rotates about a central axis of the cylinder. A biaxially stretched web packaging device comprising a winding device for winding a stretched web. 4. The rotating disk for horizontal stretching according to claim 1, wherein the disk comprises a pulley, and both ears of the web are between the pulley and an endless belt circulating so as to fit in a groove of the pulley. A wrapping device with a biaxially stretched web, which is designed to grip the end portion. 5. The rotary disk for horizontal stretching according to claim 1, wherein a large number of needle-shaped substances are planted on the outer circumference of the disk, and both edges of the web are hooked on the needles so that they can be gripped.
Packaging equipment with biaxially oriented web. 6. The packaging device according to claim 1, wherein the biaxially stretched web is provided with a large number of guide rollers on the diverging orbit of the rotary disc for stretching. 7. The web stretched and widened by a horizontal stretching device according to claim 1, in a line direction (vertical direction) by a drive roll that is erected close to a position where the web deviates from a stretching disk. A packaging device for a biaxially stretched web in which a vertical stretching device for further stretching is installed, and the vertical stretching roll is installed at least 800 mm or less, preferably 200 mm or less from the web outlet of the horizontal stretching device. 8. The medium-high roll according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of guide turn rolls are provided on a diverging orbit of the rotating rotary disc for stretching, and at least a part of the guide turn rolls is out of the outer periphery of the disc at the central portion. A packaging device using a biaxially stretched web. 9. A rotary disc type horizontal stretching device, wherein a tapered rotor is arranged at least at both ends of the stretched web immediately after the laterally stretched web leaves the pulley or immediately after the vertical stretching. The biaxially stretched web wrapping device prevents the laterally stretched film from shrinking in the width direction.