JPH05319242A - Re-adhesion control method of brake - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve responsiveness and reduce brake distance by letting up on the brakes slightly and maintaining braking force as it is when wheels slide when brake is applied, obtaining the condition of sliding by calculation of speed, and controlling by means of a control pattern which is set in advance after a certain period of time elapses. CONSTITUTION:When sliding of wheels is detected, slight brake slackening control due to a brake control signal 11 of each shaft which is set in advance is done or braking force is reduced by a supply stop signal 12 and discharge signal by a certain amount or for a certain period of time. Next, while slightly reduced braking force is maintained for a certain period of time, the condition of sliding is obtained by calculation of vehicle running speed 16 and vehicle rotation speed 17. The control of braking force after a certain period of time elapses is selected from among the three choices which are set in advance, that is, hold braking force as it is, restore to original braking force, and reduce braking force all at once. For example, large brake slackening control by a set large sliding detection signal 7 is done or braking force is reduced all at once when it is judged that braking force exceeds the set value of large sliding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a readhesion control method for preventing slippage of a brake for shortening a brake distance of a railway vehicle and reducing wheel damage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 6 and 7 show a conventional brake re-adhesion control method. In particular, a railroad vehicle that uses metal wheels on a metal track can travel with less rolling resistance. However, on the other hand, when the track surface is in a wet state, the adhesion to the wheels becomes significantly small, so when handling the brakes where the adhesion is small, the wheels slip and the wheels suffer flat wear called flat wear. To do. Therefore, in recent years, high-speed vehicles and high-deceleration railway vehicles are equipped with a brake control device that loosens the brakes during sliding to prevent the wheels from sliding during braking. Conventional sliding re-adhesion control has been intermittent on / off control in which when braking is detected, the braking force is simply released at once and the braking force is restored at once after re-adhesion. Brakes of this type of control system are used for aircraft 1950s and Japanese 1960s Shinkansen trains. afterwards,
Various methods have been developed to finely control the braking force, such as modulation control and adaptive control, for the purpose of shortening the braking distance of aircraft and improving the running stability during sliding re-adhesion control in automobiles. For example, in aircraft, a method has been developed in which the slip ratio between a rubber wheel and a concrete road surface is maintained to continuously and finely control the braking force. Further, in automobiles, a method for finely controlling the braking force while maintaining the braking force and the guiding force based on the adhesive force between the left and right or front and rear rubber wheels and the road surface has been developed.

Recently, the throttle of the control valve has a variable structure,
Various inventions have been invented, such as a method of continuously controlling the braking force and a method of continuously controlling the braking force by changing the operation time of the skid prevention valve in real time. However, either method is a method of finely controlling the start-up of the braking force during re-brake continuously or in real time, and prioritizing running stability over shortening the braking distance such as select low in automobiles. Control methods are in place. In the brake control of railway vehicles that run on wheels with flanges, unlike the automobile, the guide force during braking, that is, the running stability, can be ignored, so it is possible to apply a large braking force that is close to the adhesive force. is there. For example, the re-adhesion brake control for railway vehicles of the company Fablet in France uses jerk to detect gliding, and performs a fine pressure control method similar to the control of slip rate of an aircraft. This is a method of controlling the slip ratio of a wheel by finely and intermittently inserting or loosening the brake cylinder pressure on the stairs when the wheel is sliding.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case where the present invention is applied to a high-speed railway vehicle or a railway vehicle having a high deceleration speed using cast iron-based brakes, which are particularly effective. In the conventional method of intermittent sliding control that loosens the braking force all at once and restores the braking force all at once, it takes time to restore the brake cylinder pressure when the wheels re-adhere, so when re-braking when a small amount of sliding occurs There is a problem in that there is a dead time in returning the braking force and the braking distance is extended each time the sliding readhesion control is repeated. Also, in the conventional method of intermittent sliding control that loosens the braking force all at once and restores the braking force all at once, sliding re-adhesion control is repeated many times, which increases the consumption of compressed pressure in the source air reservoir that is the brake source. However, there was a problem that the original air reservoir pressure, which is the brake source, was significantly reduced. With the step-like fine brake control method that controls the slip ratio during wheel sliding, it is possible to maintain a certain level of braking force. However, even in the re-adhesion control of Febre Co., it has not reached the point where the braking distance is shortened by fully utilizing the adhesive force. Particularly in the case of iron wheels, the elastic contact surface is small and the contact pressure with the road surface is large.Therefore, the control method that involves a large number of continuous small gliding during braking increases the thermal and mechanical damage to the wheel treads and track surfaces. There was a problem that caused it. Further, in the method of intermittently controlling the slip ratio in a stepwise manner, in the case of a large slide in which the wheels are momentarily stuck, the time required to completely loosen the braking force becomes long and the damage to the wheels increases. There was a problem. For example, when using a cast iron brake shoe that provides good adhesion performance, the friction coefficient becomes extremely large as the speed decreases, and the adhesion becomes large. There was a high risk of sticking without being able to keep up with the rapid changes in.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems of preventing damage to wheel treads, improving responsiveness of control of braking force, preventing extension of brake distance, and preventing waste of compressed air from a brake source. The following means are used. Two or more braking force loosening patterns are set in advance in the brake control device. When slipping of the wheels is detected, first, the braking force is loosened by a small amount with a control pattern having a small amount of loosening the braking force. Next, while maintaining the slightly relaxed braking force for a certain period of time, the running condition is calculated from the speed calculation. Regarding the control of the braking force after the elapse of a certain period of time, the braking force is retained as it is, is returned to the original size, or is loosened at a stretch, and is selected from among three preset values. For example, when it is determined that the skiing condition has exceeded a preset value for a large skiing, the braking force is greatly reduced at once. When it is determined that the sliding state is a preset value of small gliding or a value of readhesion tendency, the braking force is maintained as it is. When it is determined that the sliding state is within the preset value of the minute sliding or the re-adhesion state, the braking force is returned to the initial value. By doing so, it becomes possible to quickly release the braking force in the case of a large run in which the run is prolonged or stuck. In a small gliding such as self-re-adhesion, it is possible to release a small amount of braking force without excessively reducing the braking force. At the same time, the responsiveness of the brake control is improved and the loosening amount of the braking force can be switched to shorten the braking distance and save the compressed air of the brake source. Furthermore, in addition to these control methods, by combining the brake notch or brake shoe or the type of both brake notch and brake shoe and information on the outside air temperature and brake shoe temperature, a method of selecting a brake loosening pattern is used. It becomes possible to optimally perform the loosening control of the braking force. Further, it is possible to obtain more braking force by detecting a large-slide or a tendency of readhesion and using it for control. In particular, even when a cast iron type brake shoe having a high adhesive effect is used, it is possible to prevent re-adhesion of the brake, which is less likely to be fixed instantaneously, has less slipping, is less damaged on the tread surface of the wheel.

[0006]

In the present invention, when the wheels slide during braking,
Loosen the braking force a little and keep the braking force as it is, and calculate the running condition by calculating the speed. Regarding the control of the braking force after the elapse of a certain period of time, a preset control pattern is selected. For example, when it is determined that the skiing condition has exceeded a preset value for a large skiing, the pattern is set so that the braking force thereafter is greatly relaxed. That is, the control flow from sliding to re-adhesion obtains a re-adhesion state through a small brake loosening control when a small gliding occurs. Further, when a large gliding occurs after the small brake loosening control, the re-adhesion state is obtained only through the large brake loosening control. In this way, the loosening amount or the loosening time of two or more preset braking forces is switched and controlled. In addition, based on the information of the brake shoe or the brake notch and the outside air temperature, the re-adhesion control is performed by selecting the brake loosening amount set in advance for two or more types.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a method of calculating a wheel rotation and a sliding state by using the jerk function of claim 1, and using two or more kinds of preset braking force loosening times or braking force loosening amounts. A method for controlling re-adhesion of a brake, which is characterized in that the control is performed by switching between a loosening amount of the braking force and a magnitude of the next loosening of the braking force. When slipping of the wheels is detected, the method of loosening the braking force of each wheel or each axle is first controlled by a small brake loosening control by the preset axis braking force control signal 11 or the braking force is supplied for a fixed amount or for a fixed time. The stop signal 12 and the discharge signal 13 are used to loosen the brake force to slightly loosen the braking force. Next, after releasing the braking force,
While maintaining the slightly loosened braking force for a certain period of time, the sliding state is calculated from the calculation of the vehicle running speed 16 and the wheel rotation speed 17. The vehicle traveling speed referred to here includes a reference speed which is calculated and calculated by a preset deceleration pattern when all axles are sliding. Regarding the control of the braking force after the elapse of a certain period of time, the braking force is retained as it is, is returned to the original size, or is loosened at a stretch, and is selected from among three preset values. For example, when it is determined that the large brake loosening control by the preset large slide detection 7 or the sliding state exceeds the preset large slide value, each axis braking force control signal 1
1, or the supply stop signal 12 and the discharge signal 13 greatly relax the braking force at once. When it is determined that the sliding state is a preset readhesion tendency detection signal 9, or a preset value of a small gliding value, a sliding convergence tendency or a readhesion tendency value, each re-adhesion axis braking force signal 11,
Alternatively, the braking force is maintained as it is by the supply stop signal 12. Re-adhesion detection signal 1 with sliding condition set in advance
When 0, or within a preset value of minute gliding, or when it is determined that the state is a re-adhesion state, the braking force is restored to the initial level by demagnetizing the brake force control signal 11 for each axis, or the supply stop signal 12 and the discharge signal 13. Let
That is, the control flow from sliding to re-adhesion obtains a re-adhesion state through a small brake loosening control when a small gliding occurs. Further, when a large skid occurs after a small brake loosening control, the re-adhesion state is obtained only through the large brake loosening control by the large sliding detection or the large brake loosening control. In this way, the preset loosening amount or loosening time of two or more types of braking force is switched and controlled. In this way, the responsiveness of the brake control is improved and the braking force can be switched, the braking distance is shortened and the compressed air of the brake source is saved.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the first and the second slips when the first slip of the wheel is detected as a large slip by presetting two or more slip detection sensitivities having different sizes and the loosening time or the loosening amount of the braking force. To loosen the braking force, loosen a large amount at a stretch with a preset brake loosening time or amount, and if the first run is judged to be a small run, loosen for a short time or a little at the preset brake loosening time or amount. Is a re-adhesion control method for the brake, in which the braking force is maintained as it is, and the control for loosening the braking force is selected when it is determined that the sliding value is a preset value of the micro-sliding value or the value of the readhesion state. In addition to claim 1, the first method of loosening the braking force of each wheel or each axle when the wheel is sliding is such that the magnitude of the sliding and the tendency of readhesion are calculated by the vehicle traveling speed 16 and the wheel rotation speed 17 and set in advance. This is a method of controlling by selecting from the control patterns. That is, when it is determined that the first run is a large run based on the large run detection signal 7 or the like, it is loosened greatly at a preset brake loosening time or loosening amount. When it is determined that the first run is a small run based on the small run detection signal 8 or the like, the brake is loosened for a short time with a preset brake loosening time or loosening amount. When it is determined that the first run is a readhesion tendency such as a preset readhesion tendency detection signal 9 or a tendency toward convergence of gliding, the braking force is maintained as it is. The other control thereafter is the same as in claim 1. That is, after the brake loosening time is short or slightly loosened, the sliding state is calculated from the speed signal while maintaining the slightly loosened braking force for a fixed time. Regarding the control of the braking force after a certain period of time, from among three preset methods, you can either loosen the braking force greatly, return to the original large braking force, or keep the braking force as it is. select. In this way, the response of the brake control is improved and the braking force can be switched, the braking distance is shortened and the compressed air of the brake source is saved.

FIG. 3 uses the information of the friction coefficient according to the brake notch or the type of brake shoe of claim 3 or the information of either the brake shoe temperature or the outside air temperature, or the information of the friction coefficient according to the brake notch and the type of brake shoe and the control. This is a re-adhesion control method for the brake, which uses the information of either the wheel temperature or the outside air temperature in combination and selects the brake release pattern for the first re-adhesion control from the preset two or more brake release patterns. .. Brake notch information 15
Alternatively, it is a method of selecting the first readhesion control from two or more preset brake loosening patterns by using any one of the brake shoe type information 14, the brake shoe temperature 21 and the outside air temperature 20. Other controls are the same as those in claim 1. That is, the first method for loosening the braking force of each wheel or each axle is as follows: preset brake notch information 15, brake shoe type information 14, brake shoe temperature 21 or outside air temperature 20 and the speed of claim 1. A loosening time and a holding time are selected according to a function of information, and the braking force is loosened by operating for a fixed time or by a fixed amount. In the control after loosening the braking force, the sliding state is calculated using the vehicle traveling speed 16 and the wheel rotation speed 17 while maintaining the slightly relaxing braking force for a certain period of time. The control of the braking force after a certain period of time is selected by determining the sliding state by calculating the speed. In this way, the responsiveness of the brake control is improved and the braking force can be switched, the braking distance is shortened and the compressed air of the brake source is saved.

FIG. 4 shows that when the wheel rotation is judged to have a tendency toward convergence or re-adhesion during the control of the pattern for greatly relaxing the braking force by the re-adhesion control at the time of wheel slippage according to claim 4, or the sliding state If it is determined that the value is within the preset micro-sliding value or if it is in the state of re-adhesion, the control shifts to a pattern that keeps the braking force as it is even during the loosening control, or the braking force is increased to the first value. A re-adhesion control method for a brake, characterized by selecting and controlling two or more types of braking force loosening times or braking force loosening amounts preset according to the sliding state, which shifts to a control for returning to the above. ..
The control method for selecting the first readhesion control from the preset two or more brake release patterns is the same as in claim 1. That is, if re-adhesion control is selected when slippage occurs, the braking force of each wheel or axle is loosened by loosening the braking force for a preset time or by a preset amount. However, while the sliding re-adhesion control of the pattern for releasing the braking force of a certain magnitude or more is being performed, the deceleration detection signal 5 by the wheel rotation speed 17, the jerk detection signal 6, or the re-adhesion tendency detection signal 9 is used. When it is determined that the tendency to readhesion or the tendency to converge on sliding is determined, each axis braking force control signal 11 is held or the supply stop signal 12 is excited even during the braking force loosening control. And
Hold it as it is without further reducing the braking force.
In this way, the responsiveness of the brake control is improved and the braking force can be switched, the braking distance is shortened and the compressed air of the brake source is saved.

In FIG. 5, the rotation and sliding states of the wheels are calculated by using the jerk function of claim 5, and two or more preset braking force loosening times or amounts of the braking force are different in magnitude. Two or more slippage detection sensitivities and the loosening time or amount of the braking force are set in advance, and any one of the brake notch information 15, the brake shoe type information 14, the brake shoe temperature 21 or the outside air temperature 20 is used, or the brake is used. The notch information 15, the brake shoe type information 14, the brake shoe temperature 21, and the outside air temperature 20 are used in combination, and the first loosening of the braking force when the first sliding of the wheel is detected as a large sliding is preset. Loosen a lot at a stretch with the brake loosening time or the amount of loosening done, and if the first run is judged to be a small run, loosen the preset brake If the initial run is judged to be a preset value for micro-sliding or a value for the readhesion state, the brake force is retained as it is and the readhesion control is performed when wheel slippage occurs. When the wheel rotation is judged to have a tendency to converge or to re-adhesive during the control of the pattern that significantly loosens the braking force by
Alternatively, if it is determined that the sliding condition is within a preset value of a minute sliding condition or a re-adhesion condition, the control shifts to a pattern that holds the braking force as it is even during the loosening control, or the braking force is changed. Re-adhesion of the brake, which is characterized in that the control is performed by returning to the control for returning to the initial magnitude, and selecting and controlling two or more types of brake force loosening time or brake force loosening amount set in advance depending on the sliding condition. It is the action of the control method.

[0012]

The problem to be solved by the invention will be described by taking as an example the case where the invention is applied to a high-speed railway vehicle or a railway vehicle having a high deceleration speed using cast iron-based brakes. (1) By the re-adhesion control of the brake of the present invention, the amount of brake loosening is optimized in a short time when a small gliding occurs, so that the brake cylinder pressure can be quickly restored when the wheel is re-adhered. It is possible to shorten the dead time of the braking force during braking and shorten the braking distance during sliding re-adhesion control. (2) By the re-adhesion control of the brake of the present invention, the number of times of sliding re-adhesion control for repeating a large braking force is reduced. As a result, the consumption of the compression pressure in the source air reservoir serving as the brake source is saved, and the decrease in the source air reservoir pressure serving as the brake source is reduced. (3) By the re-adhesion control of the brake of the present invention, continuous sliding such as slip ratio control is reduced, so that damage to the wheel tread and the road due to the sliding of the wheel tread is reduced. (4) Since the re-adhesion control of the brake of the present invention eliminates the control of repeating small and intermittent braking force and holding the braking force many times, the time required for completely releasing the braking force is shortened. .. In particular, even when using a cast iron type brake shoe that has good adhesion performance, it is possible to perform re-adhesion control with less instantaneous sticking.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an operation diagram showing a readhesion control of a brake according to claim 1.

FIG. 2 is an operation diagram showing a readhesion control of the brake according to claim 2;

FIG. 3 is an operation diagram showing a readhesion control of a brake according to claim 3;

FIG. 4 is an operation diagram showing a readhesion control of the brake according to claim 4;

FIG. 5 is an operation diagram showing a readhesion control of the brake according to claim 5;

FIG. 6 is an operation diagram showing intermittent re-adhesion control of a conventional one-step loosening brake.

FIG. 7 is an operation diagram showing intermittent readhesion control of a conventional stair slackening brake.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Brake command 2 Sliding detection signal 3 Speed difference detection signal 4 Sliding ratio detection signal 5 Deceleration detection signal 6 Jerk detection signal 7 Large sliding detection signal 8 Small sliding detection signal 9 Readhesion tendency detection signal 10 Readhesion detection signal 11 Each axis Brake force control signal 12 Supply stop (brake hold) signal 13 Exhaust (brake loosening) signal 14 Brake type information (friction coefficient information) 15 Brake notch information 16 Vehicle running speed (reference speed) 17 Wheel rotation speed 18 Control brake cylinder Pressure 19 Brake cylinder pressure for each axis 20 Outside temperature 21 Temperature of brake shoe

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for controlling re-adhesion of a railroad vehicle having metal wheels or a railroad vehicle having a vehicle support and guide mechanism when a skid occurs due to a brake, and a jerk is generated by signals of rotational speeds of a plurality of wheels. Function (hereinafter jerk in the sense of acceleration change rate), deceleration function,
Wheels using a function of jerk and deceleration, a function of jerk or deceleration plus speed difference or slip ratio, a function of jerk and deceleration plus either or both of speed difference and slip ratio For calculating the rotation and sliding conditions of the vehicle and loosening the braking force to prevent the wheel from sliding, set two or more types of the braking force loosening time or the amount of the braking force in advance, and set the first value when the wheel sliding is detected. For loosening the braking force, preferentially use the smaller of the presets, loosen the braking force for a certain amount of time or by a certain amount, and then slide while holding the braking force during the initial loosening control for a certain amount of time. For the control of the braking force after a certain time has elapsed, calculate the state of with the speed signal, hold the braking force as it is, or
Either return to the original size, or select one of the presets that has the larger amount of looseness to loosen the braking force at a stretch, and select from three choices, and the running state will exceed the preset value of the large run. When it is judged that the sliding of a predetermined magnitude or more is continuing, the braking force is greatly relaxed at a stretch, and when it is judged that the sliding condition is the value of the micro-sliding preset value or the tendency of the gliding convergence or the tendency of readhesion, Holds the braking force as it is and returns the braking force to the initial level when it is judged that the sliding state is the preset value of the re-adhesion state. Loosening the braking force of two or more types set in advance. A re-adhesion control method for a brake, characterized in that control is performed by switching a time or a loosening amount of a braking force. 2. A method for controlling re-adhesion when a slide occurs due to a brake of a railroad vehicle having metal wheels or a railroad vehicle having a vehicle supporting and guiding mechanism, in addition to claim 1, two different sizes are provided. The above slip detection sensitivity and the loosening time or the amount of loosening of the braking force are set in advance, and the first loosening of the braking force when the first slip of the wheel is detected as a large sliding is the preset loosening time or the amount of loosening. If it is judged that the first run is a small run, the first braking force should be loosened for a short time or a little at the preset brake release time or amount, and the first run should be made for the preset small run. If the value is determined to be the value or the value in the re-adhesion state, the braking force is maintained as it is, and a certain period of time elapses after the first braking force loosening control As for the control after the braking, the tendency to converge or re-adhesion is judged, and one of the three preset methods is used to loosen the braking force greatly, to return to the original large braking force, or to maintain the braking force as it is. If it is determined that the sliding condition has exceeded the preset time or the value for large sliding, the braking force is greatly reduced at a stroke, and the sliding condition is set for the preset small sliding value or sliding convergence tendency or readhesion tendency value. If it is judged that the braking force is maintained as it is, the braking force is returned to the initial level when the sliding state is within the preset value of the micro-sliding or if it is determined to be in the re-adhesion state, the sliding size and the sliding convergence Depending on the tendency or readhesion tendency, select two or more preset braking force loosening times or braking force loosening amounts. Readhesion control method of a brake according to claim 1, wherein the control. 3. A method for controlling re-adhesion of a railroad vehicle having metal wheels or a railroad vehicle having a vehicle support and guide mechanism when a skid occurs due to a brake, in addition to claim 1, a brake notch or a brake shoe type. Using the information on the friction coefficient or the information on the brake shoe temperature or the outside air temperature, or by using the information on the friction coefficient depending on the brake notch and the brake shoe type and the information on either the brake shoe temperature or the outside air temperature, set in advance. The brake release pattern for the first readhesion control is selected from the two or more brake release patterns, and the release method of the brake force of each wheel or axle is released for a preset time or a fixed amount. To loosen the braking force a little, and after loosening the braking force, keep the braking force for a certain period of time and slide. The state of is calculated by the speed signal, and the control of the braking force after a certain period of time is selected by the judgment of the sliding state by the calculation of the wheel rotation speed and the running speed of the vehicle, and the sliding state is set in advance for a large run. When it is determined that the value exceeds the value, the pattern is controlled to loosen the braking force greatly at a stroke, and when the sliding state is determined to be the value of the preset micro-sliding value or the tendency of the gliding convergence or the readhesion tendency, The control of the pattern keeps the preset braking force as it is, and when it is judged that the sliding state is within the preset micro-sliding value, the tendency to converge on sliding or the re-adhesion state, the preset braking force is returned to the initial value. 2 types preset using information on the friction coefficient by brake notch or brake type and information on either brake temperature or outside air temperature Readhesion control method according to claim 1, wherein the brake and controlling by switching the loosening amount of loosening time or the brake force of more than the braking force. 4. A re-adhesion control method at the time of occurrence of sliding due to braking of a railway vehicle having metal wheels or a railroad vehicle having a support and guide mechanism for the vehicle, in addition to claim 1, When it is determined that the wheel rotation is in a tendency to converge or re-adhere to the skid, or the running condition is within a preset micro-sliding state or a re-adhesive state, during the control of the pattern that significantly loosens the braking force by the adhesion control. There are two types that are preset according to the sliding state, that is, the control shifts to a pattern that keeps the braking force as it is even during the loosening control, or the control that returns the braking force to the initial level. The brake according to claim 1, wherein the braking time is loosened or the braking force is loosened. Readhesion control method. 5. A method for controlling re-adhesion of a railroad vehicle having metal wheels or a railroad vehicle having a support and guide mechanism for the vehicle when braking occurs due to a brake.
A re-adhesion control method for a brake, which has a function of combining two or more of any one of claims 3 and 4.