JPH0531304A - Filter device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a filter for a cutting fluid for a machine tool using an amorphous filtering element in which it takes long time until the filtering element is clogged with a contaminant of a liq. to be filtered off and the loss of the filtering element at the time of reproducing the filtering element is small. CONSTITUTION: In the filter for the machine tool consisting of an upper tube 2, a lower tube 5 and the filtering element 4, the filtering element is a pulverized product having crushed surfaces with sharp edges, a density (d) of d>3 g/cm<3> and a magnitude (t) of 0.2<t<1 mm, and is arranged so as to follow the equation 25<Q/S<40 m<3> /hm<2> , when the water head is expressed by Q and the filtering area is expressed by S.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In industrial applications, in machine tools, chip removal or electrical discharge is carried out in a cooling, lubricating, insulating petrochemical liquid, ie steel, brass. , Copper, petroleum, and graphite intervene, which either through heat or produce associated emissions, generate a series of particles of complex chemical products that contaminate the liquid and therefore remove it. Is required.

In the standard type of filtering device, the container has an inlet for the liquid to be filtered, an internal filtering element,
An outlet for the filtered liquid is provided (filtration stage). When the filter element becomes saturated, liquid is introduced through the inlet to regenerate the filter element and the resulting liquid is discharged through the inlet (wash stage).

[0003]

Two problems are known in the prior art. That is, in the filtration stage,
The filter element is contaminated and the duration of this stage is very short due to the rapid saturation of the filter element. In the regeneration of the filter element, some of the filter element is lost and the filter element has to be replaced, which is obviously expensive and inconvenient.

There is a problem. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel filter device structure that solves the above problems.

[0005]

Various contaminant particles have been tested in laboratories, but these particles are of various shapes, often spherical, of metal or of complex morphology. Various materials have also been investigated to investigate their filtration characteristics and the characteristics or fundamental changes that govern their process during various stages of operation of the filtration system.

Among other products, one obtained from silica (silicic acid anhydride) has been tested with poor results and filtered liquids containing complex particles such as petrochemical or organic substances. Of particles, which frequently appeared in the case of conventional cooling and lubricating fluids. Even in such a case, the medium is petroleum in the electrocorrosion machine. Various iron inorganic compounds have also failed to give good results, and ground bronze has been developed to solve the problem.

From these various tests, 3 good filtration elements are available.
It was concluded that it must be governed by one basic property. That is, (a) the density (d) is high and exceeds ³ g / cm ³ , preferably about 5 g / cm ^3.
must be more than cm ³ . (b) Grinded material with a mesh size (t) not less than 0.2 mm and not more than 1 mm must be used.

(C) This milling must produce particles with sharp-edged surfaces. There are three characteristics. Ilmenite has been used for many times as a filtering agent with optimal results. Ilmenite is a high weight inorganic compound, its density is in the order of 6 g / cm ³ which is easily destroyed and has the shape of an orthorhombic hexahedron and a hexahedron. This material is obtained in the form of rows and then crushed and sieved to obtain particles with many sharp edges and irregular faces of the size of 0.3 to 1 mm between the most widely separated points. Its highest percentage measurement varies by about 0.4mm, filling the central volume of the filter and 0.75mm at the bottom of the filter.

Notwithstanding the advantages derived and derived from its geometry as outlined, attention is paid to its high density, which is transformed into a given compaction so that the particle Great stability is obtained. This ensures that there are no extensive changes inside the cavity formed (except on the surface). In experiments with other known filtered coarse particles from specific weights below ³ g / cm ³ , such as quartz, silica and others, the pump stop was pre-estimated by sudden coarse particle depressurization, and the higher the differential pressure, the more Becomes high pressure. The same can be said for the impact of the edges that occur during operation, which causes the movement of the coarse particles to cause a modification of the cavities, in which the particles trapped leak out of the filtration device and It forms a connecting passage between the upper and lower diffusers (diffusers) which degrades the quality and impedes the filtered liquid. Regarding the filtering element, this filtering device was also developed as one component.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The filtration device comprises a cylindrical container 1 with two outlets, the interior of which is connected to an upper tube 2 having a diffuser and a lower tube 5. The filter device is preferably in a vertical position, but can be operated in other positions.
The upper diffuser 14 is the highest part of the filtration container 1 (stopper 16).
(Close to), the central portion of which consists of a hemispherical portion, the curved surface of the hemispherical portion of which has the holes 15 necessary for the uniform distribution of the fluid 3. Its purpose is disturbing the surface S of the filtration particles disposed with at least the entire _^1/6 Distance height h _2, so that no turbulence, such as swirl flow is generated in the liquid 3 to be filtered This is because Through this, also the filtered particles are expelled when the liquid flow is reversed. The expansion experienced by the filter elements during this cycle is due to the diffuser 14
Absorbed by the distance located relative to, the increased force of the liquid during washing removes the filtered particles, the filtering particles not being removed as a result of their size and weight.

Contaminant particles are retained in the filter element 4, which gradually becomes blocked by these particles. A diffuser is arranged at the bottom of the filtration device 1, which consists of a set of tubes 6 with star-shaped lattice elements. The tube 6 can have a closed end 7 and a number of reinforcing rings 18. Tube 6
Has a notch 9 or groove through which fluid can pass from the filtration region 4 into the interior 8 of the tube 6, said interior 8 being open to the lower supply duct 5 of the filtration device 1.

The width a of the cut groove 9 is smaller than the size of the filtering particles. The notch 9 has a minimum length and comprises parallel walls extending towards the interior 8 of the tube 6. An air vent 10 is provided to eliminate air under pressure that remains in the upper portion of the filter.

The operation of the filtration device consists of three completely different operations, namely filtration, washing and rinsing, as described below. Filtration stage: In this stage, a heavily soiled liquid 3, for example resulting from galvanic corrosion, is pumped through the upper diffuser 14 towards the filtration vessel 1. This is evenly distributed upwards and the liquid thus received causes a downward uniform movement of the volume between the upper diffuser 14 and the ilmenite surface S, passing through the ilmenite surface and containing particles contained in the liquid. Once filtered and thus filtered, the particles are received by the collector of the lower diffuser and exit through this diffuser.

When this process is repeated without interruption, the cavities or porosity formed in the ilmenite become saturated with particles, as indicated by the pressure gauge 17 interposed in this circuit, and the upper inlet 5 and lower outlet 5 The pressure differential is displayed during the wash cycle. Filter Washing: During this process liquid from the pump enters the vessel through the lower diffuser and creates a rinse flow that removes particles from external corrosion through the upper diffuser 14, which At the same time, the coarse particles that perform the filtering action expand and are sorted according to the size of the filtration mesh, so that the coarse coarse particles remain in the deepest part of the end of the filtering action and bring the finest particles to the surface.

Filter rinsing: In this step,
Liquid flows in through the upper diffuser 14 and out through the outlet 5, stabilizes and compresses the filter element 4 and causes it to relocate to a new arrangement of its cavities, for example to receive particles resulting from galvanic corrosion. cure. In FIG. 3, instead of the tube 6, a number of grooved hemispheres 11 are arranged as diffusers, the interior 8 ′ of which opens into the lower chamber 12 from which the lower duct 5 exits. Can be seen.

In both the washing and rinsing stages, it is useful to ensure a countercurrent flow of air as well as liquid, and for this reason in FIG. 3 the branched air intake pipe 1
3 is provided to facilitate removal of dirty particles from the filtering element 4 directly into the upper duct 2. This air duct opens elsewhere, for example directly into the lower chamber 12 so that this purpose can be achieved.

The lower chamber 12 is separated from the filter element 4 by a grid or otherwise, the groove of which is the tube 6 or the hemisphere 1.
I am trying to meet the purpose described in 1. This filter operates satisfactorily under the head Q of the filtered liquid and the surface S of the filtered liquid of the filtering device 1, and using the filtering device having this specific property, about 25 <Q / S <40 m ³ / h-m ² ratio, preferably to hold the ratio of ^{30 <Q / S <35m 3} / h-m 2 was confirmed experimentally.

The height h ₁ of the filtration bed is almost equal to the diameter h ₁ ... 0 of the filter using only the impulse pump. These properties vary with the pump type during the various process steps, but the use of several pumps is considered a disadvantage, as the filtering device works satisfactorily with a single pump.

As indicated above, the upper collector 14 is located near the bung 16 so that in practice it has a substantially total height of h ₂ ... 1.2h ₁ . To facilitate correct measurements for each filtration device, two types of particles in separate bags are available, which can be from 0.6 to 1
mm, first introduced at a depth of about 10 cm above the lower diffuser and then added with small grit varying between 0.3 and 0.6 mm, as already mentioned, at least ¹ / of the total height of the vessel.
Put on ₆ uncovered.

In view of the small differences, the distance between the diffusers is considered to be the same as the distance between the inlet duct 2 and the outlet duct 5.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a filtration device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lower diffuser tube.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Filter container 2 ... Upper tube 3 ... fluid 4 ... Filtration element 5 ... Lower tube 6 ... tube 12 ... Lower chamber 14 ... Day fuser

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A machine tool filtration device of the type comprising an upper duct, a lower duct and a filtration element, wherein the filtration element has a particle density of d> 3 g / cm ³ and a size of t.
The machine tool filtering device is characterized in that 0.2 <t <1 mm, and the crushed surface is a crushed product having a sharp edge. 2. When the head of the filtered medium introduced into the filtration device is Q and the filtration area is S, the formula 25 <Q / S
<40 m < ³ > / hm- ² , The filtering device for machine tools of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. The ratio of the head Q to the filtered medium is 3
The machine tool filtering device according to claim 2, wherein 0 <Q / S <40 m ³ / h-m ² . 4. A diffuser consisting of a grooved element is placed at the bottom of the filter element, the width of the groove being smaller than the minimum size of the filter material particles and the interior of said diffuser communicating with the lower duct. The filter device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein 5. Filtering device for machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that the groove extends towards the inside of the grooved element. 6. The filtering device for machine tools according to claim 5, wherein the grooved element is a plurality of tubes forming a star shape. 7. The filtering device for machine tools according to claim 1, wherein the particles of the filtering medium have a crystalline crushing surface. 8. The filtering device for machine tools according to claim 1, wherein the filtering element is ilmenite. 9. The filtering device for machine tools according to claim 1, wherein the density d of the particles is 6 <d <8 g / cm ³ . 10. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length h of the filtering material in the filter has the same size 0 ... h ₁ as the filter. Filtration device. 11. diffuser distance h ₂ between a ratio of about h ₂ ... 1.2 h ₁ between the length h ₁ of the filtration dense body, one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is 1.2 h ₁ A machine tool filtration device according to item. 12. The filtration device for machine tools according to claim 5, wherein the grooved element is a hemisphere which communicates with one compartment from which the duct extends from the lower side. 13. The filtering device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein an air duct is provided so as to act as a counterflow in the filtering element. 14. A lower compartment, which is separated from the filter element by a grid or a grid, is provided, the grooves of the grid having the same function as the tube and hemisphere. Filtration device for machine tools. 15. The one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper duct comprises a hemispherical diffuser whose outlet holes communicate in a direction opposite to the direction of the filtered material. Machine tool filtration equipment. 16. Filtering device for machine tools according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a filter element of coarse mesh size is arranged in the lower part of the filtering device. 17. A differential pressure gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that a differential pressure gauge, the signal of which indicates the operating stage of the filtration device, is arranged between the upper duct and the lower duct. Filtration device for machine tools.