JPH0531076A - Visual function inspecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To objectively diagnose a disease impairing the macula lutea of an eye. CONSTITUTION:The first polarizing means 10 rotated at the rotating speed adjusted by an illumination system 1 illuminating an eye under test E is provided, the second polarizing means 17 is provided on a reflection system 2 from the eye under test E, only the optical axis direction on the sand glass-like image within the reflected light from the eye under test E is transmitted by the second polarizing means 17, the image is formed on an image pickup tube 22 faced at the tip of the reflection system 2, and the image is recorded by a recorder 23 connected to the image pickup tube 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention enables identification of the fovea centralis, measurement of eye movement (gazing point measurement), and diseases affecting the fovea and the macula in the vicinity thereof, such as macular degeneration and diabetes in the elderly. The present invention relates to a visual function testing device capable of objectively diagnosing diseases such as retinal disorders and vein occlusion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The Heidingerbrush phenomenon is conventionally used in order to know where to look in an article having a fovea of the fundus because the Heidingerbrush originates in the fovea or the macula.

It has also been found that the Heidingerbrush phenomenon is difficult or unrecognizable when there are various diseases or disorders that affect the macula of the fundus and the surrounding structure.

The Heidinger blush phenomenon will be described here. As shown in FIG. 3, when a white field of view is seen through the polarizing plate a, a yellow hourglass-shaped image b can be seen on the line of sight. This image b is called a Heidinger blush, and this hourglass-shaped image b fades and disappears immediately unless the vibration direction of the polarized light entering the eye changes.

In order to continue to see the hourglass-shaped image b, the polarizing plate a must be slowly rotated. At this time, the hourglass-shaped image b rotates in the same direction as the rotating direction of the polarizing plate a.

Here, as a cause of the image b, the incident light is nonuniformly (specifically) absorbed or scattered due to the tissue structure of the macula (fovea) part of the fundus and the circular shape, It is believed that the result is a pair of brush-like shapes from the fundus.

Therefore, as a visual function testing apparatus conventionally used for observing the Heidinger blush phenomenon to measure where the fovea of the eye is looking, and for diagnosing a disease affecting the macula, the apparatus shown in FIG. It is known that a light source d, a diffused object f made of frosted glass, a blue filter e, a polarizing plate g, and a lens h are sequentially arranged in a straight line in a housing c as shown in the principle diagram.

[0008]

According to this conventional visual function inspection apparatus, the eye j of the subject is opposed to the lens h, the light source d is turned on, and the polarizing plate g is rotated leftward or rightward. Rotate while adjusting, and the examiner asks the subject if they see an hourglass-shaped image, where they can see it, and asks where the fovea is looking, or asks if the hourglass-shaped image is visible. Since he was diagnosing whether or not the function of the fovea was normal, he could not objectively grasp whether the hourglass-shaped image could be seen or where in the external world, so there was a problem that accurate diagnosis was difficult to make.

According to the present invention, the hourglass-shaped image is recorded and stored as a position on the retina, and the position of the fovea is determined from the position where the position of the recorded and hourglass-shaped image corresponds to the position of the fovea,
An object of the present invention is to provide a visual function inspection device that enables eyeball movement measurement from the trajectory and objectively determines whether or not the function of the fovea centralis is normal.

[0010]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a visual system comprising an illumination system for illuminating a subject's eye, a reflection system from the subject's eye, and an index system for guiding the line of sight of the subject's eye. In the functional inspection device, the illumination system is formed as an infrared illumination system, and the illumination system is provided with a first polarization unit that rotates at an adjusted rotation speed, and the reflection system is provided with a second polarization unit. An image pickup tube connected to a recorder is provided opposite to the tip of the reflection system, and the illumination system is formed as a flash illumination system, and a photographic film is placed opposite to the tip of the reflection system. It is characterized in that the first polarizing means and the second polarizing means are both stepwise rotated by a predetermined angle with a predetermined angle difference.

[0011]

In the state where the first polarizing means is rotated at the adjusted rotation speed, the fundus of the subject's eye is illuminated by the infrared light illumination system, and the reflected light from the fundus of the subject's eye is further reflected by the reflecting system. Of the reflected light, only the light in the optical axis direction related to the hourglass-shaped image is transmitted by the second polarization means and reflected, and the hourglass-shaped image is formed on the image pickup tube facing the tip of the reflection system. , Record on the recorder.

Further, the fundus of the subject's eye is illuminated by a flash illumination system, and an hourglass-shaped image transmitted and reflected by the second polarization means is photographed by a photographing film facing the tip of the reflection system.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the visual function testing device of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an illumination system for illuminating an eye to be inspected, 2 denotes a reflection system for reflected light from the eye to be inspected, and the illumination system 1 includes an observation light source 3, which is, for example, a halogen lamp, a condenser lens 4, and an infrared filter 5. A first polarizing means 1 including a condenser lens 6, a mirror 7, a ring slit 8, a relay lens 9 and a polarizing plate.
0, a relay lens 11, a perforated mirror 12, and an objective lens 13 are sequentially arranged, and the reflection system 2 includes the objective lens 13, the perforated mirror 12, a focusing lens 14, and an image formation. A lens 15, a semi-transparent mirror 16, a movable mirror 18, a field lens 19, a mirror 20, a second polarizing means 17 including a polarizing plate, and an imaging lens 21 are sequentially arranged, and these illumination system 1 and reflection system 2 are provided. Is a common path between the perforated mirror 12 and the objective lens 13.

Here, the first polarizing plate 10 is provided so as to rotate at a predetermined adjustment rotational speed, and the second polarizing plate 17 is provided so that it can be set in a desired optical axis direction. .

Further, an image pickup tube 22 formed of an infrared television camera is disposed so as to face the imaging lens 21 of the reflection system 2, and a recording device 23 formed of a video tape recorder and a monitor television are provided on the output side of the image pickup tube 22. The drawing machine 24 was connected.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an index system for guiding the visual field of the subject's eye in a desired direction. The index system 25 is the lamp 2
6, fixed index 27, mirrors 28a-28c, projection lens 29,
A semi-transparent mirror 16 and a mirror 30 are sequentially arranged,
Further, in order to take a fundus photograph, a flash tube 31 composed of a halogen lamp is provided between the infrared filter 5 and the condenser lens 6, and a film 32 is provided behind the movable mirror 18 or a relay lens 33. The polaroid film 34 is arranged through the above. Three
Reference numeral 5 indicates a reflecting mirror.

Next, the operation of the inspection apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

First, the objective lens 13 is set facing the eye E to be examined. The radiated light emitted from the observation light source 3 is condensed by the condensing lens 4 and then only the infrared component is transmitted through the infrared filter 5, and the visible light is cut and transmitted. After focusing and passing through the slit, an image of the slit is formed on the perforated mirror 12 by the relay lenses 9 and 11 and reflected there, and after forming an image near the pupil of the subject eye E by the objective lens 13, the fundus is illuminated.
At this time, by cooperating with the ring slit 8 and the aperture of the perforated mirror 12, the fundus can be illuminated without causing reflection of the cornea.

Since the first polarizing plate 10 is rotated at the adjusted rotation speed here, an hourglass-shaped image of the Heidingerbrush phenomenon appears on the fundus of the subject when the disease does not affect the fovea or macula of the eye. Is reflected.

The reflected light including the hourglass from the fundus is once focused on the objective lens 13 and, after passing through the aperture of the perforated mirror 12,
The focusing lens 14 and the imaging lens 15 receive a converging action,
The light passes through the semi-transparent mirror 16 and is reflected by the lower moving mirror 18 to form an image near the field lens 19. Then, the reflected light is reflected by the mirror 20, passes through the imaging lens 21, and forms an infrared image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup tube 22, and the formed infrared image is displayed on the cathode ray tube of the drawing machine 24.

However, since the reflected light from the fundus in various optical axis directions reaches the imaging lens 21 and is displayed on the image pickup tube 22, the hourglass-shaped image reflected from the fundus cannot be identified. Therefore, the optical axis direction of the second polarizing plate 17 is adjusted variously so that the hourglass-shaped image is projected on the cathode ray tube of the drawing machine 24 and the second polarizing plate 17 is set. As a result, the reflected light in various optical axis directions from the fundus described above is cut, and the hourglass-shaped image is displayed on the image pickup tube 22 and limited to the optical axis direction.

In this manner, in the state where the hourglass-shaped image b is formed on the cathode ray tube of the drawing machine 24, the luminous flux emitted from the fixation index 27 which is the subject's finger target is reflected by the mirrors 28a to 28c.
Are sequentially reflected, enter the projection lens 29, are converged there, enter the semi-transparent mirror 16, and are split into transmitted light and reflected light. The beam that has passed through the semi-transparent mirror 16 once forms an image on the mirror 30, and then is reflected and reflected by the back surface of the semi-transparent mirror 16 in the figure toward the imaging lens 15, and passes through the lens 14 and the perforated mirror 12 After passing through, the image is once formed and then projected onto the fundus of the eye by the objective lens 13 to be visually recognized by the subject.

On the other hand, the beam reflected by the semi-transparent mirror 16 is reflected by the movable mirror 18 and directed upward, and forms an image near the field lens 19, and after being reflected by the mirror 20, the image is formed by the image forming lens 21 of the image pickup tube 24. Since an image is formed on the image pickup surface and displayed as a bright spot on the cathode ray tube of the monitor TV 24, the opening can be made arbitrary by pushing or pulling or swinging the lever at the end of the fixed index 27 having a minute opening at the center of the plate surface. Can be adjusted to the desired position, thus guiding the subject's line of sight in the desired direction.

In this way, while adjusting the lever of the fixed index 27 to guide the line of sight of the eye E to be examined, an hourglass-shaped image b moving on the cathode ray tube of the drawing machine 24 is formed and at the same time the image b is formed.
Is recorded by the video tape recorder 23 and used for accurate diagnosis. If the image of the fundus is out of focus,
The focusing lens 14 is adjusted to bring it into focus.

The maximum absorption angle of light, for example, the first polarizing plate 1
0 and the state in which the optical axis direction of the second polarizing plate 17 is shifted by 90 degrees is maintained, that is, when the optical axis direction of the first polarizing plate 10 is A in FIG. Becomes A,
When the optical axis direction of the first polarizing plate 10 is B, the second polarizing plate 1
7, so that the optical axis direction of 7 is B.
Even when 7 is rotated together, the hourglass-shaped image b is formed on the cathode ray tube of the drawing machine 24 and recorded on the recorder 23.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment for taking a picture, in which the second polarizing plate 17 is arranged between the semi-transparent mirror 16 and the movable mirror 18, and the drawing tube 24 is provided in the image pickup tube 22.
Are connected to each other, and the first polarizing plate 10 and the second polarizing plate 17 are rotated together by, for example, 20 degrees while maintaining the maximum light absorption angle shifted by 90 degrees as described above. An infrared image b of the fundus is formed on the image pickup surface of the image pickup tube 22 via the image lens 21.

After confirming that the formed infrared image is displayed on the drawing machine 24, the movable mirror 18 is flipped up in the direction of the arrow and the flash tube 31 is flashed so that the fundus image by the objective lens 13 is formed. Lens 14, 15
By the action of, the image is formed on the film 32 and the fundus can be photographed. After a while, the first polarizing plate 10 and the second polarizing plate 10
The polarizing plate 17 is further rotated by 20 degrees, and the fundus is photographed as described above.

In this way, the first and second polarizing plates 10 and 17 are rotated stepwise together to take a picture. When the polaroid film is used, the film 32 is removed and the relay lens 33 forms an image on the polaroid film 34.

In the first embodiment, the first polarizing means 1
0 is arranged between the relay lenses 9 and 11, but not limited to this, and the first polarizing means 10 is arranged at any position between the condenser lens 4 and the perforated mirror 12. You may. Further, in the first embodiment, the second polarization means 17 is arranged between the mirror 20 and the imaging lens 21, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the second polarization means 17 may be provided in front of the field lens 19 or You may arrange | position in back.

In the second embodiment, the first polarizing means 10 may be located at any position between the condenser lens 4 and the perforated mirror 12, and the second polarizing means 17 may be provided with the perforated mirror 12 and the movable mirror 18. Any position may be used as long as it is between and.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, the illumination system is provided with the first polarization means rotating at the adjusted rotation speed, the reflection system is provided with the second polarization means, and the recorder is provided at the tip of the reflection system. Since the image pickup tubes connected to each other are provided to face each other, it is possible to record and hold the formation state of the hourglass-shaped image generated by the Heidingerbrush phenomenon, and the fovea centralis coincides with the position of the hourglass-shaped image recorded and stored. The position of the fovea can be known from the position of the hourglass-shaped image, and the movement of the eyeball can be measured from the movement trajectory of the reconstructed hourglass-shaped image, and the presence or absence of the recorded hourglass-shaped image can be measured. It has the effect of diagnosing a disease that affects the central fovea and the macula in the vicinity thereof from abnormalities.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a fundus camera optical system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the fundus camera optical system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a Heidinger blush phenomenon.

FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of a conventional visual function inspection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Lighting system 2 reflection system 10 First polarizing plate 17 Second polarizing plate 22 Pickup tube 23 recorder 31 flash tube 32 Shooting film

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A visual function inspection device comprising an illumination system for illuminating a subject's eye, a reflection system from the subject's eye, and an index system for guiding the line of sight of the subject's eye. The illumination system is illuminated with infrared light. An imaging tube in which a first polarization means that is formed in the system and rotates at an adjusted rotation speed is provided in the illumination system, a second polarization means is provided in the reflection system, and a recorder is connected to the tip of the reflection system. A visual function inspection device characterized in that they are provided so as to face each other. 2. The visual function inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second polarizing means is provided so that it can be set in a desired optical axis direction. 3. The visual function inspection device according to claim 1, wherein the second polarization means is provided so as to rotate together with the first polarization means with a predetermined angle difference. 4. A visual function testing device comprising an illumination system for illuminating a subject's eye, a reflection system from the subject's eye, and an index system for guiding the line of sight of the subject's eye, wherein the illumination system is a flash illumination system. The first polarizing means and the second polarizing means are provided so that the illumination system is provided with a first polarizing means, the reflecting system is provided with a second polarizing means, and a photographic film is provided opposite to the tip of the reflecting system. And a visual function inspection device, wherein both and are rotated stepwise at predetermined angles with a predetermined angle difference.