JPH0529803Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a tool holder that is used by attaching a cutting tool to the spindle of a machine tool, and more specifically, a holder body that is attached to the spindle of a machine tool, a support member rotatably supporting the holder body via a bearing; and a support member disposed concentrically inside the holder body, and the rotation of the holder body is transmitted via a speed change mechanism;
Relating to an oil supply device for supplying cutting oil to the cutting edge of a tool in a tool holder consisting of a driven shaft having a tool attachment portion at the outer end and a stopper pin mechanism for holding the support member in a non-rotating state. .

(Prior art and problems) Conventionally, this type of tool holder has a complicated internal structure with many transmission gears, bearings, etc., so the oil supply device has been designed with an oil supply pipe installed outside the holder. In addition to having a separate structure from the holder, this type of oil supply device supplies cutting oil from the side of the tool to the cutting edge of the tool. There was a problem that the cutting edge could not be cooled sufficiently.

(Technical means for solving the problem) The present invention solves the above problem, and the technical means for that purpose is to provide an oil passage through the holder body and the driven shaft that communicate with each other, The oil passage on the holder main body side and the oil passage on the driven shaft side are communicated and connected via a pair of sealing materials arranged side by side with an interval in the axial direction, and the spacing between the pair of sealing materials is A pressure relief hole communicating with the outside air was provided in between.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Fig. 1 shows a tool holder, and in this figure, 1 is a round shaft-shaped holder body that is attached to a spindle 2 of a machine tool. A manipulator grip part 3 and a tapered shank part 4 are concentrically formed at one end, and a chuck 6 as a tool attachment part for attaching a cutting tool 5 such as an end mill is concentrically provided at the other end. It is being 7 is a support member, and the manipulator grip part 3
and the chuck 6, the holder body 1
is rotatably supported via a bearing 8 made of a ball bearing, and a stopper pin mechanism 9 is provided at one end of the support member 7 to hold the support member 7 in a non-rotating state. This stopper pin mechanism 9 includes a pin holder 1 integrally attached to a support member 7.
0 and a pin 11 held in a protruding state by this pin holder 10, and this pin 11 is biased in the protruding direction by a coil spring (shown in the figure) provided deep inside the pin holder 10. has been done.
Reference numeral 12 denotes a rotation preventing member, which is integrally attached to the pin 11 and is movable relative to the pin holder 10 in the axial direction of the pin 11, and is rotated along with the pin 11 by the biasing force of the coil spring. As a result of being pushed out to the left in FIG. 1, when not in use, the free end of the rotation preventing member 14 fits into the engagement groove 13 provided on the holder body 1 side, and the holder body 1 and the support member 7 and are coupled so as to be relatively non-rotatable. Reference numeral 14 denotes a driven shaft which is disposed concentrically inside the holder body 1 and is adapted to transmit the rotation of the holder body 1 via a speed increasing gear mechanism 15 as a speed change mechanism. is screwed onto the tip of the driven shaft 14. Bearings 16 and 17 rotatably support the driven shaft 14 within the holder body 1, and are comprised of ball bearings.

Oil passages 18 and 19 are provided through the holder body 1 and the driven shaft 14, and the holder body side oil passage 18 and the driven shaft side oil passage 19 each have an inner and outer ring made of an O-ring. They are fluid-tightly connected through each pair of sealing materials 20, and the base end of the oil passage 18 on the holder main body side is connected to the spindle 2.
The tip of the driven shaft side oil passage 19 is connected to the oil hole 5a of the cutting tool 5 at the chuck 6. Each sealing material 20 is attached to an inner circumferential surface and an outer circumferential surface of a mounting ring 21 which is arranged to be relatively rotatable between the inner circumferential surface of the central part of the holder body 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the driven shaft 14. A sealing material unit is formed by a combination of a sealing material 20 and a mounting ring 21, and the mounting ring 21 has an axially central portion on its inner circumferential surface and outer circumferential surface, respectively. Annular passages 22 and 23 are formed in the holder body 1, and these annular passages 22 and 23 are connected to each other via a communication passage 24, and a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the holder body 1 facing the annular passage 23 on the outer peripheral surface side is A pressure relief hole 25 is provided through the holder body 1 and has one end open to the outside air, and the other end thereof is open. The holder body side oil passage 18 has an oil passage part 18a provided at the axial center of the holder body 1, and one end opening at the rear end surface of the flange part 3a and the other end opening in the oil passage part 18a.
A diagonal hole-shaped oil passage portion 18b connected to 8a.
It consists of and.

The speed increasing gear mechanism 15 includes a sun gear 26 that is fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the driven shaft 14. Three planetary gears 27 are arranged so as to penetrate inside and outside at three locations), and are rotatably supported by a support shaft 28 via bearings 29.
Each planetary gear 27 meshes with the sun gear 26 on its inner circumferential side, and supports the support member 7 on its outer circumferential side.
A speed-increasing gear mechanism 15 is constructed by meshing with an internal gear 30 integrally provided on the inner circumferential surface of the is transmitted to the driven shaft 1
4 Cutting tool 5 attached to the chuck 6 at the tip
cutting ability has been improved.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a fixed member such as a frame of a machine tool, and an engagement block 32, which is a part of the member, is integrally provided on the end face of the fixed member, either integrally or by bolting. An engagement groove (not shown) is provided in which the pin 11 of the stopper pin mechanism 9 is engaged to prevent movement of the stopper pin mechanism 9 in the circumferential direction.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned tool holder and oil supply device will be described. The tool holder is constructed by fitting the shank portion 4 of the holder body 1 into the spindle 2 by a manipulator that grips the holder via the manipulator grip portion 3. Then, the protruding end of the pin 11 of the stopper pin mechanism 9 engages with the engagement block 32 on the machine tool side and is set. As a result, the support member 7 is prevented from rotating around the axis of the holder body 1, and the stopper pin mechanism 9 is moved backward against the biasing force of the coil spring inside the pin holder 10, so that the pin A rotation preventing member 12 that moves together with 11
is detached from the engagement groove 13 on the holder main body 1 side,
The holder body 1 is rotatably switched relative to the support member 7. As the spindle 2 rotates, the holder body 1 rotates together with it.
The rotation of the holder main body 1 is increased in speed by the speed increasing gear mechanism 15 and transmitted to the driven shaft 14.

On the other hand, when the tool holder is set on the machine tool side as described above, the holder body side oil passage 18
The oblique hole-shaped oil passage portion 18b is connected in communication with an oil supply passage 33 provided around the spindle 2. Therefore, the cutting oil fed from the oil supply passage 33 on the spindle 2 side passes through the oil passage portions 18b and 18a of the holder body side oil passage 18, enters the driven shaft side oil passage 19, and enters there. From the oil hole 5a of the cutting tool 5
will be continuously supplied. In this oiling process, normally the holder body side oil passage 18
The cutting oil flowing from the side toward the driven shaft side oil passage 19 flows through both oil passages 18 and 1 due to the sealing action of the sealing material 20.
There is no leakage from the connection part 9 to the outside. However, if the sealing material 20 is fatigued or worn out due to long-term use and its sealing function is degraded, or if the oil hole 5a of the cutting tool 5 is clogged with chips, etc. If the oil pressure in the oil passages 18 and 19 becomes abnormally high for some reason, the cutting oil will flow from the joint between the oil passages 18 and 19 to the sealing material 20, the inner peripheral surface of the holder body 1, and the driven object. It may leak to the outside through the space between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 14 and the outer circumferential surface of the shaft 14. In such a case, if there were no pressure relief hole 25, the leaked cutting oil would enter the speed increasing gear mechanism 15 side and have a negative effect on gears, bearings, etc., but Since an oil drain hole 25 communicating with the outside air is provided between the pair of inner and outer seal members 20, 20 arranged in parallel, cutting oil leaking from the seal member 20 near the connecting portion of both oil passages 18, 19 is removed. It is actively discharged from the annular passages 22, 23 and the communication passage 24 to the outside through the pressure relief hole 25. In this case, the cutting oil that has passed through the sealing material 20 that is closer to the connecting portion will pass through the annular passage 22,
Since the pressure is reduced within 23, the cutting oil does not enter the speed increasing gear mechanism 15 side through the seal member 20 that is farther from the connecting portion. Moreover, pressure relief hole 2
5 is provided in the holder body 1 which is constantly rotating during the cutting tool process, so the cutting oil that accidentally enters is forcibly discharged to the outside by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the holder body 1. This makes it possible to reliably prevent cutting oil from entering the gear mechanism 15 from this aspect as well.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the oil supply device according to the present invention, in which the oil passage on the holder body side is provided through the oil passage 18' along the central axis of the holder body 1. The base end of this oil passage 18' is connected to an oil supply passage (not shown) provided deep inside the spindle 2, so that the cutting material supplied from the oil supply passage The oil flows from this holder body side oil passage 18' to the driven shaft side oil passage 1.
It will be introduced in September. This embodiment is completely the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except for the oil passage 18' on the holder main body side, and therefore a description of the structure and operation will be omitted.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which cutting oil is supplied through a stopper pin mechanism 9. In this tool holder, the pin 11 of the stopper pin mechanism 9, the pin holder 10', and the holder body 1 are supported. An oil passage 34 that communicates with the support member 7 is provided, while a sealant 35 and 36 are interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the support member 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the holder body 1. The ring member 37 is provided with annular grooves 38 and 39 on its inner and outer circumferential surfaces, respectively, and these annular grooves 38 and 39 can communicate with each other via a communication hole 40. The annular groove 38 on the inner peripheral surface side is
Communication holes 4 provided in each holder body 1
1. It communicates with the recessed oil passage part 18a' in the center of the holder main body 1 via the axial oil passage part 18b' and the radial oil passage part 18c', and the annular groove 3 on the outer peripheral surface side.
9 communicates with an oil passage portion 34b provided in the support member 7. The recessed oil passage portion 18a′, the axial oil passage portion 18b′, and the radial oil passage portion 18c′ constitute a holder body side oil passage 18′, and this holder body side oil passage 18 ' and the oil passage 19 on the side of the driven shaft 14 are communicated and connected via a pair of sealing materials 20, 20 arranged in parallel with an interval in the axial direction. The gap communicates with the outside air through an annular groove 42 and a pressure relief hole 25 provided on the oil passage portion 18a' side. Therefore, when the tool holder is set on the machine tool, the pin 11 of the stopper pin mechanism 9 is connected to the oil supply path 43 provided on the fixed member 31 side of the machine tool.
As a result, cutting oil from the oil supply pipe 44 is continuously supplied to the oil hole 5a of the tool 5 via the series of oil passages as indicated by the arrows in the figure. During such a refueling process, for example, if the oil pressure in the oil passages 18' and 19 becomes abnormally high,
Cutting oil leaked from the sealing material 20 at the rear end of the driven shaft 14 is discharged from the annular groove 42 to the outside through the pressure release hole 25.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, parts that are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. Also, 45, 4 in Figure 3
Reference numeral 6 indicates a sphere and a coil spring that constitute a check valve inside the pin 11.

Although a gear mechanism is used as the transmission mechanism in the above embodiment, a friction roller mechanism may be used instead of the gear. Furthermore, the speed change mechanism is not limited to a speed increase mechanism, but includes a speed reduction mechanism.

(Effects of the invention) The invention provides an oil supply device integrally inside the tool holder by using the holder body and the driven shaft and providing an oil passage therethrough. By attaching the tool holder to the spindle of a machine tool, the lubrication device can be installed almost automatically, which eliminates the hassle of conventional installation operations. It is particularly effective for speed-up type tool holders.

Further, in the present invention, the holder main body side oil passage and the driven shaft side passage are communicated and connected via a pair of sealing materials arranged in parallel at an interval in the axial direction, and
There is a pressure relief hole that communicates with the outside air between the space between the pair of sealing materials, so if the sealing material is worn out due to long-term use and its sealing function deteriorates, or if the sealing material in the oil passage Even if cutting oil were to leak out from the connecting part of both oil passages when the oil pressure became abnormally high, the leaked cutting oil would be removed between the above pair of sealing materials. It is possible to actively release the tool outside the tool holder to prevent it from entering the transmission mechanism.

Further, according to the present invention, the sealing material that communicates and connects the oil passage on the holder body side and the oil passage on the driven shaft side is between the inner circumferential surface of the central part of the holder body and the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the driven shaft. The mounting ring is mounted at intervals in the axial direction on the inner circumferential surface and outer circumferential surface of a mounting ring arranged to be relatively rotatable. An annular passage is formed in the sealing material unit which is connected to each other via a communication passage, so that there is no air between the holder body side oil passage and the driven shaft side oil passage. In addition to being easy to install, maintenance is also easy because when the sealing material is worn out, the sealing material unit can be replaced.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the holder body is constantly rotating, and since the rotating holder body is provided with a pressure release hole, the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the holder body causes the sealing material unit and the two-way oil to be separated. Cutting oil that accidentally enters between the shaft and the shaft is quickly released to the outside, and does not enter the bearing that supports the driven shaft, allowing stable use over a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a semi-vertical front view of a tool holder showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a semi-vertical front view of a tool holder showing another embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section showing yet another embodiment. It is a front view. 1...Holder body, 2...Spindle, 5...
...Cutting tool, 6...Chuck (tool mounting part), 7
... Support member, 9 ... Stopper pin mechanism, 13
... Engagement groove, 14 ... Driven shaft, 15 ... Speed-up gear mechanism (speed change mechanism), 18 ... Holder body side oil passage, 19 ... Driven shaft side oil passage, 20 ... Seal material, 25...pressure release hole, 31...fixing member of the machine tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A holder body that is attached to the spindle of a machine tool, a support member that rotatably supports the holder body via a bearing, and a support member that is arranged concentrically inside the holder body and that rotates the holder body is transmitted via a speed change mechanism. A tool holder comprising a driven shaft having a tool mounting portion at an outer end thereof, and a stopper pin mechanism for holding a support member in a non-rotating state relative to a fixed member of a machine tool, An oil passage that communicates with each other is provided through the holder body and the driven shaft, and the holder body side oil passage and the driven shaft side oil passage are communicated and connected via a sealing material, and the sealing material is connected to the holder. On the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of a mounting ring that is relatively rotatably arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the central portion of the main body and the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the driven shaft,
They are installed at intervals in the axial direction,
The mounting ring has an annular passage formed in the axial center of each of its inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface,
These annular passages are connected to each other through communication passages, and a pressure relief hole is provided in a rotating holder main body facing the annular passage on the outer peripheral surface side.