JPH0528319Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a ladder device in which a ladder body is installed in an attic or basement when in use, and which is folded and stored in a ceiling opening when not in use.

Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, as a ladder device whose ladder body is folded and stored in a ceiling opening when not in use, for example,
As shown in Figure 1, the upper ladder section 41 and the middle ladder section 42
and a lower ladder part 43 rotatably connected via hinge fittings 44, 45.
There is one which is rotatably connected to the ceiling 1 via a lid body 3 whose one end is rotatably connected to the edge of the opening. In this case, when in use, the ladder body 4 is extended and spanned from the ceiling 1 to the floor 6, while
When not in use, the ladder body 4 is folded into a substantially Z-shape and stored in an opening in the ceiling 1.

However, in the above-described ladder device, the upper ladder portion 41, the middle ladder portion 42, and the lower ladder portion 43 are simply connected rotatably via the hinge fittings 44, 45, so the lower ladder portion 43 is If you try to pull the middle ladder part 42 out of the upper ladder part 41 and deploy the ladder body 4 by pulling it forward, the sudden shift in the center of gravity will cause the lower ladder part 43 to swing forward, which may cause a collision with the user, which is dangerous. It was hot.

Further, when folding the ladder body 4, a large force is required at a high position in the latter half of the folding operation, making it difficult for children and the elderly to operate the ladder body 4.

Furthermore, in the case of a ladder device that is remotely operated using a driving means such as a motor, when the ladder body 4 is unfolded, the lower ladder portion 43 and the middle ladder portion 42 are simply hinged. Therefore, when an attempt is made to deploy the middle ladder section 42 by remote control, the lower ladder section 43 hangs down vertically and the lower end front part of the lower ladder section 43 comes into contact with the floor 6, as shown in FIG. The ladder portion 43 is spanned with its inner side bent.

On the other hand, when folding the ladder body 4 by remote control, the middle ladder part 42 suddenly folds over the upper ladder part 41 due to the rapid movement of the center of gravity of the lower ladder part 43, and the impact force at that time is large, so it may be damaged. The problem was that it was both easy to do and dangerous.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a ladder device having the above-mentioned configuration, in which a lower ladder part is installed in the first half of folding at a connecting part between the ladder part and the lower ladder part. A linear spring member for urging the lower ladder part in the unfolding direction and in the folding direction in the latter half of folding is arranged so that its axis and the center of rotation of the hinge fitting are located in the middle of the rotation of the lower ladder part. The structure is such that the two bridges cross each other. Note that the linear spring member refers to a spring member that applies a spring force in the axial direction thereof.

Actions and Effects Therefore, according to the present invention, the lower ladder part moves in the folding direction when folded and in the folding direction when extended, due to the balance between the shift of the center of gravity due to the opening angle and the biasing force of the linear spring member. It will be biased in the deployment direction by a linear spring member.

Therefore, when the lower ladder part and the middle ladder part are unfolded from the upper ladder part, at the initial stage of the unfolding when the middle ladder part is raised, the lower ladder part is urged in the folding direction by the linear spring member. The center of gravity of the lower ladder section moves slowly, and the lower ladder section does not suddenly swing toward you. As a result, the lower ladder part does not collide with the user or suddenly become heavy, so it is safe and the folding operation can be performed easily.

Moreover, since the spring force of the spring member biases the lower ladder portion in the direction of deployment during the deployment, the ladder body can be deployed with a small operating force, and the ladder body is stabilized in the extended state.

Further, when folding the ladder body, the linear spring member biases the lower ladder portion in the folding direction in the latter half of the folding operation, so that the storage operation at a high position can be well-balanced and folded easily.

When unfolding or folding the ladder body by remote control, even if the middle ladder section is unfolded, the lower ladder section is biased halfway in the folding direction.
The lower ladder body slowly unfolds due to the balance between the lower ladder part's own weight and the spring force of the spring member. Furthermore, when the middle ladder section expands beyond a predetermined angle, the spring force of the linear spring member biases it in the direction of deployment, and the lower end of the lower ladder section touches the floor at an obtuse angle, so the lower ladder section moves inward. Stretch without bending.

On the other hand, when folding by remote control, if the middle ladder part is folded to a predetermined angle or more, the lower ladder part folds over the middle ladder part first via the linear spring member, so the impact force generated during folding is small. , it is safe and has the effect of less damage.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in FIGS. 1 to 1.
The explanation will be made according to the attached drawing of FIG.

In the first embodiment, a linear spring member is provided between the middle ladder part and the lower ladder part, and as shown in FIGS.
A ladder body 4 rotatably connected to the opening edge of the ceiling 1 via a lid body 3 whose one end was rotatably connected to the lower edge of the opening of the frame 2; It consists of a lever fitting 5 that connects the lid 3.

The ladder body 4 consists of an upper ladder part 41, a middle ladder part 42, and a lower ladder part 43, and the upper ladder part 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the lid body 3 via fasteners 31 and 32. The upper ladder section 41 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the middle ladder section 42 via a hinge fitting 44 to its lower end, and the middle ladder section 42 is rotatably connected to its lower end via a hinge fitting 45. The upper end portion of the lower ladder portion 43 is rotatably connected to the upper end portion of the lower ladder portion 43. Furthermore, between the middle ladder part 42 and the lower ladder part 43,
A gas spring 46 is attached that biases in the compression direction.

That is, as shown in FIG.
5, hinge members 47 and 48 are fixed by a hinge shaft 45a. The hinge member 47 is provided at the lower end of the middle ladder portion 42, while the hinge member 48 is provided at the upper end of the lower ladder member 43. ing. On the other hand, the compressed gas spring 46 has one end attached to the middle ladder member 42, and the other end attached to a protrusion 48a of a hinge member 48 that protrudes outward from the hinge shaft 45a.
It is rotatably attached to.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5,
When the ladder body 4 is extended, the gas spring 4
6 biases the lower ladder portion 43 in the direction of expansion;
It is stable in the extended state (Figure 2).

Next, first, as the middle ladder part 42 rotates and folds to become horizontal, the center of gravity of the lower ladder part 43 moves away from the hinge 45, so the lower ladder part 43 bends while balancing the pressing force of the gas spring 46. direction (Fig. 3), and further, the middle ladder part 4
2 is folded, the axial center of the hinge shaft 45a intersects with the axial center of the gas spring 46, so the pressing force of the gas spring 46 does not act on the lower ladder part 43, and the lower ladder part 43 is moved by its own weight. The moment that tries to hang down and rotate the lower ladder portion 43 becomes zero (FIG. 4).

Further, when the middle ladder section 42 is folded, the folding angle becomes small while the lower ladder section 43 remains hanging, so that the protrusion 48a of the hinge member 48 is located closer to the middle ladder section 42 than the hinge shaft 45a. Therefore, the compression biasing force of the gas spring 46 biases the lower ladder portion 43 in the folding direction (FIG. 5).

The biasing strength of the gas spring 46 is set to be less than the moment due to the product of the weight of the lower ladder part 43 and the distance of half the total length of the lower ladder part 43, and is balanced as the center of gravity of the lower ladder part 43 moves. It is designed so that it can be folded up.

Therefore, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. Due to the balance with its own weight, the lower ladder portion 43 rotates gently without wobbling. And gas spring 46
Since the biasing force biases the lower ladder portion 43 in the direction of deployment from the middle of deployment, the deployment operation becomes easier, and
The ladder body 4 is stabilized when extended.

Furthermore, when folding, even if the lower ladder section reaches a high position in the latter half of the folding operation, since the lower ladder section 43 is biased in the folding direction, less force is required for folding, and the lower ladder section 43 does not shake and is safe.

The second embodiment is an example using a linear spring member that biases in the tension direction, and the opposite ends of hinge members 47 and 48 are provided with both ends of a coil spring 46 that biases in the tension direction. It is attached so that it can rotate freely.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the biasing force changes in the unfolding direction, hinge direction, and folding direction depending on the biasing direction of the spring member and the positional relationship of the hinge shaft 45a. You can get the effect.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the ladder body 4 is manually deployed in the previous embodiment, and
In contrast to the case where the ladder body 4 is automatically unfolded and folded by the driving means 7 provided on the lid body 3, there is a gap between the middle ladder part 42 and the bottom ladder part 43.
A gas spring 46 similar to that of the first embodiment described above is provided.

When folding the ladder device, push out the shaft 72 of the drive means 7 consisting of a motor, hydraulic cylinder, etc., and use the drive bar 73 provided at the tip of the shaft 72 to open the link fitting 74, which has a substantially doglegged shape in plan view. The folding operation is completed by pressing and rotating the middle ladder part 42 about the hinge metal fitting 44 and rotating the lower ladder part 43 about the hinge metal fitting 45.

On the other hand, in the case of deployment, the shaft 72 may be moved backward, and the link fitting 74 may be rotated in the opposite direction to that described above via the drive bar 73.

According to this embodiment, the spring force of the gas spring 46 biases the lower ladder part 43 in the folding direction from the middle of the folding operation, so that the lower ladder part 43 is 43 overlaps the middle ladder section 42, no collision scratches or collision noises will occur due to sudden movement of the center of gravity of the lower ladder section 43.

In addition, when expanding, the gas spring 46
Since the spring force urges the lower ladder section 43 in the direction of unfolding from the middle of deployment, the lower ladder section 43
The lower ladder part 4 does not hang vertically from the lower end of 2.
The lower end of 3 touches the floor at an obtuse angle. Therefore, the lower ladder portion 43 does not bend inward. This has the advantage that the unfolding and folding of the ladder device can be automated.

Although the above-mentioned embodiment is a case in which a plurality of ladder parts are rotatably connected, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be combined with a slidably connected ladder part, or a plurality of ladder parts can be rotatably connected. When connected movably, the linear spring member is not limited to spanning between the ladder parts located on the lower side, but also between other ladder parts located on the upper side. Of course, this is a good thing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a side view, FIGS. 2 to 5 are side views of main parts showing operating states, and FIGS. 6 to 8
9 and 10 are perspective views and side views showing the third embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a conventional example. 1...Ceiling, 4...Ladder body, 41, 42, 43
...Upper, middle, and lower ladder parts, 45...Hinge fittings, 4
6... Gas spring (linear spring member).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) The upper part of a ladder body formed by rotatably connecting an upper ladder part, a middle ladder part, and a lower ladder part via a hinge fitting is rotated around the edge of a ceiling opening. In a ladder device in which the ladder body is movably connected and extends from the upper floor to the lower floor when in use, while the ladder body is folded and stored in the ceiling opening when not in use, the middle ladder portion and the At the connection part with the lower ladder part,
In the first half of folding, the lower ladder part is biased in the unfolding direction,
In addition, a linear spring member for biasing the lower ladder portion in the folding direction in the latter half of folding is installed so that its axis and the center of rotation of the hinge metal fitting intersect in the middle of rotation of the lower ladder portion. A ladder device characterized by: (2) the linear spring member is a compression spring member,
A utility model according to claim 1, characterized in that one end is attached to one ladder part and the other end is attached to a protrusion protruding outward from a hinge fitting attached to another ladder part. ladder device. (3) The linear spring member is a tension spring member, and has one end attached to one ladder section and the other end attached to another ladder section. Ladder device according to item 1. (4) The ladder device according to claim 1, wherein the linear spring member is a gas spring. (5) The ladder device according to claim 1, wherein the linear spring member is a coil spring.