JPH05278996A - Sheave type security unit having automatic stopping device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heighten safety when refugees descend from a high place and so on by constituting in such a way that when a descent speed of a descending rope hanging down the refugees and so on becomes equal to or faster than a constant speed, the locking is released by means of a centrifugal piece, and a cam is rotated, and the rope is sandwiched/braked between it and a pressurizing shaft. CONSTITUTION:When a descending rope is installed, a rotary side plate 3 is rotated leftward by about 180 degrees from an illustrated position, and the descending rope is installed, and after it is installed, the rotary side plate 3 is restored to its original position. When a lever 25 is in the illustrated position, since a projection 26 is in contact with a stop claw 35, the lever 25 is not rotated, and since a space between a cam 22 and a rope pressurizing shaft 7 is set large, the descending rope can be pulled out downward easily. A load is hung up in this condition, and when a rope pull-out speed is increased, a centrifugal piece 16 is moved expansively due to a turning wheel 13, and since the stop claw 35 is separated from the projection 26 through an arm 31, the cam 22 is rotated, the rope is sandwiched/braked between it and the pressurizing shaft 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention allows the present device to be added to a lowering device, for example, when a person descends using the other lowering device. Should the dropper fail (including cutting the rope of the dropper) and the dropper falls at a rapid rate, the system will automatically stop the dropper's fall. After that, the descendant can descend at an appropriate speed by manually operating the device. In addition, this device can be installed at a high place, and a worker at that point can adjust the speed of a plurality of people in a slippery manner by manually operating them and lower them. The structure of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 is a fixed side plate, 2 is a rotary plate support shaft fixed to the fixed side plate,
3 is a rotary side plate rotatably mounted on the rotary plate support shaft and has a hole 4
And a notch 5. 6 and 7 are rope bending shafts and rope pressing shafts fixed to the fixed side plate, 8 is fixed to the fixed side plate,
A rotary plate coupler that engages with the cut 5 of the rotary side plate, 9 is a connecting hole provided in the fixed side plate, 10 is an arm shaft fixed to the fixed side plate, 11 is a rotary shaft rotatably mounted on the fixed side plate, 1
3 is a rotary wheel fixed to the rotary shaft, 14 is a centrifugal piece support plate fixed to the rotary shaft, 15 is a centrifugal piece support shaft fixed to the centrifugal piece support plate, 16 is a centrifuge which is swingably mounted on the centrifugal piece support shaft Reference numeral 17 denotes a spring receiving groove provided in the centrifugal piece, 18 denotes a spring receiving shaft fixed to the centrifugal piece supporting plate 14, 19 denotes a centrifugal spring accommodated in the spring receiving groove, and one end of the centrifugal spring is in contact with the spring receiving shaft 18. , The other end contacts the end of the spring receiving groove. Numeral 22 is a cam that is swingably attached to the fixed side plate. A cam shaft 23 can be fitted in a hole provided near the center of the cam, and the tip of the cam shaft can be fitted in the hole 4 of the rotary side plate. 24 is a camshaft spring, 25
Is fixed to the cam by the lever, and the cam swings by moving the lever. Reference numeral 26 is a protrusion provided on the lever, and 27 is a stopper fixed to the fixed side plate, so that the rotation of the lever causes the protrusion 26 to come into contact with the stopper 27 to limit the rotation of the lever. 28 is a cap screw screwed to the cam, and 29 is a knob fixed to the cam shaft by a pin 30. Reference numeral 31 denotes an arm, which is swingable about the arm shaft 10 as a pivot. Reference numeral 33 is an arm spring, both ends of which are fixed to a pair of arms so that the arms can be pulled toward each other. The arm contacts the centrifugal piece 16. 34
Is a claw shaft fixed to the arm, 35 is a claw claw that can swing around the claw shaft and can contact the protrusion 26, 36 is a claw spring, one end of which is fixed to the claw and the other end is fixed to the arm. 37 is a washer. Numeral 38 is a descending rope which engages with the apparatus as shown in FIG. Next, the operation of this device will be described. To attach the descending rope to this device, the operator holds the knob 29 with his / her finger and pulls it to the right as shown in FIG.
Remove the mating of. Next, rotate the rotating side plate 3 about 180 degrees counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. 1 and attach the descending rope.
Return to the original. Now, when the lever 25 is at the position shown in the drawing, the protrusion 26 is in contact with the stopper claw 35, so that the lever does not rotate. However, if the lever is strongly turned by hand, the projection 26 resists the pawl spring 36 to rotate the stop pawl 35 and the lever rotates. When the lever is in the position shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the cam 22 and the rope pressing shaft 7 is large, so that the descending rope is moved to the first position.
It can be easily pulled out downward in the figure. Next, when the lever is manually rotated from the state shown in FIG. 1 against the resistance of the pawl 35, the distance between the cam 22 and the rope pressing shaft 7 on the right side of the cam is narrowed, so that the descending rope indicated by the arrow is moved downward. The force to pull it out, that is, the tension of the rope indicated by the arrow, increases.
When the protrusion 26 contacts the stopper 27, the tension of the rope has a predetermined value. Further, when the lever is initially set to the position shown in FIG. 1 and the descending rope indicated by the arrow is pulled downward in a state where the projection 26 and the retaining pawl 35 are already engaged, the cam is moved by friction between the descending rope and the cam 22. The distance between the rotating cam and the rope pressure shaft on the right side of the cam is narrowed, the tension of the descending rope shown by the arrow is increased, the frictional force between the descending rope and the cam is increased, and the cam rotates automatically before eventually. Protrusion 2
6 contacts the stopper 27 to stop the rotation of the cam. After that, when the descending rope is lowered, the tension of the descending rope becomes constant at the above value. Next, when the lever is set to the position shown in FIG. 1 and the load is suspended on the rope indicated by the arrow, the descending rope moves downward, the rotary wheel 13 rotates, the centrifugal piece support plate 14 rotates, and the centrifugal piece 16 rotates. Tries to expand due to centrifugal force. However, due to the centrifugal spring 19, it does not expand. When the speed of the descending rope increases, the centrifugal piece expands against the centrifugal spring, the arm 31 expands around the arm shaft 10, and the stop claw 35 separates from the protrusion 26. Therefore, the cam and lever rotate, the braking force acting on the descending rope becomes large, and the load stops. The rate of descent of the load when the load is stopped is mainly determined by the mass of the centrifugal piece 16 and the force of the centrifugal spring pushing the centrifugal piece. When the load falls freely, a large impact force normally acts on the descending rope, but in this device, since the rotation of the cam is limited by the stopper 27, a braking force above the predetermined braking force acts on the descending rope. No, so the device has a good cushioning effect. This device is used for the following purposes. By connecting the connecting hole 9 of this device to the fulcrum and applying a load (may be a person) to the descending rope, an operator located at the fulcrum can manually operate the lever to adjust the descending speed of the load and lower it. I can. Since this device is a slippery type, it can quickly drop multiple loads. The device is also used for the following purposes. When a building fire strikes and a person who is late in arriving seeks help, a fire station employee carries a portable slipper-type automatic descent (for example, patent application No. 268089 of the 1985 application filed by the applicant). This device is used in addition to the above-mentioned automatic slipper type descender when the person to be rescued is to be lowered and the trainee is to be trained.
The “Rescue Law” written by the National College of Fire and Fire is a statement that “when descent training from a high place, it is desirable to provide additional safety measures in addition to the descents used.” The rope used for the portable automatic descender is a strong, light and thin rope (for example, made of polyamide fiber) for carrying, but
The descent has anxiety because the rope is thin. This device is used together to eliminate such anxiety and for safety in the event of a failure of the portable automatic descender. FIG. 4 is a diagram in which an opening escape device equipped with a slipper-type automatic lowering device and this device is attached to the lower wall (window frame) of the opening of the building. The direction of the arrow is outside the building. There will be at least one securer (fire station staff) (there may be more than one) in the opening escape device. When the descending speed of the descendant becomes abnormally fast and the automatic stop mechanism of this device is activated to stop the descendant,
The securer lowers the descendant by manually operating the device.
(At this time, cut the descending rope of the automatic descender if necessary). Reference numeral 40 is a lower wall of the opening, and 41 is an opening escape device. This device is a top plate 4 placed on the upper part of the lower wall of the opening.
2 and a front plate that is fixed to the top plate and vertically descends from the upper end of the top plate of FIG. It consists of a possible lower wall pressure plate and a tread plate 43 when the descender climbs from the floor to the top plate when descending. The top plate is equipped with a slip-type automatic lowering device 44 and a slip-type securing device 45 according to the present invention. Both of them are vertically stacked, and the slippery type automatic lowering device 44 is at the bottom. Reference numeral 46 is a descending rope that engages with the slip-type automatic descender 44, and 47 is a securing rope that engages with the slip-type securing device. Reference numeral 48 is an adjusting knob for operating the opening escape device regardless of the size of the width a of the upper edge of the lower opening wall 40 and the distance between the upper edge of the lower opening wall and the floor. It can be fixed to the lower wall of the opening. Further, the footboard 43 can be stabilized. This opening escape device is characterized by an escape method. The descendant wears a pants-type body holder and stands on the tread toward the right in FIG. Next, raise both hands and knees on the tabletop with your head to the right in FIG. The pants-type body retainer is connected to the connecting metal fittings 49 that are connected to the tips of the descending rope and the securing rope, and the head of the posture is directed toward the building.
Turn 90 degrees to the right so that both feet are facing out of the building. If you get hungry there, your body will try to slide out of the building.
The descendant gradually slides down even if both hands are separated from the top, and then shifts to the automatic descending. During this time, it is safe to say that the descendants have no fear or anxiety without seeing the ground.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a slipper type securing device according to the present invention, and FIG.
2 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 is a view of Fig. 2 taken along the line C-C, and Fig. 4 is a usage example of the present device, in which an opening escape device equipped with the present device and a slippery type automatic lowering device is attached to a lower wall of the opening. Fig. 1 viewed from above 1 ... Fixed side plate 3 ... Fixed side plate 6 ... Rope bending shaft 7 ... Rope pressing shaft 10 ... Arm shaft 11 ... Rotating shaft 13 ... Rotating wheel 16 ... Centrifugal piece 17 ... Spring storage groove 22 ... Cam 23 ... Camshaft 25 ... Lever 31 ... Arm 35 ... Claw

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two side plates held at a constant interval and a rope bending shaft, a rope pressure shaft, a rotating wheel and a cam are installed between the side plates,
The descending ropes are slidably engaged with these parts, the centrifugal piece is engaged with the rotating wheel, while the lever is fixed to the cam, and the lever is designed to lightly lock the rotation of the cam. A slipper type securing device having an automatic stop device, characterized in that the lock can be released when the descending speed of the descending rope exceeds a certain level.