JPH05278700A - Reproducible non-exhaust type cooling device for protective clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce a volume and power consumption by constituting a cooling device in which cooling agent is circulated for removing heat from space clothes to be put on in an activity outside a spaceship of first and second heat exhausting means for absorbing heat by first and second phase changing substances or the circulation controlling means of the cooling agent. CONSTITUTION: This is a cooling device to be used after united with a life supporting back pack mounted on space clothes is provided with a first heat exhausting means 50A for absorbing heat by a first phase changing substance and a second heat exhausting means 50B for absorbing heat by a second phase changing substance for absorbing heat from cooling agent circulating in fluid cooling garments to be put on under the space clothes of an astronaut, and for cooling it, and then for allowing it reflow in the fluid cooling garments. Also, this cooling device is provided with a cooling liquid heat exchanging means having first and second parts 30A and 30B through which the cooling agent is allowed to pass while operating heat exchange with each heat exhausting means 50A and 50B and a circulation controlling means 80 interlinked with the cooling agent heat exchanging means for selectively introducing the cooling agent and for allowing the cooling agent to pass through at least one of the first and second parts 30A and 30B.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid cooling device typically used for internal cooling of protective clothing, and more particularly to cooling a coolant which removes heat from space clothing worn during extravehicular activities in outer space. Regarding the pack.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to avoid excessive temperature rise inside clothes and maintain a comfortable temperature for the wearer, it is necessary to cool the inside of a hermetically sealed protective suit such as a hermetically sealed space suit.
Well known in the art. Unless the inside is properly cooled, the heat inside the clothes mainly generated by the metabolism of the wearer and the heat energy conducted from the outside increase, so that the internal environment of the clothes becomes uncomfortable.

Therefore, those who wear such protective clothing customarily wear garments under their clothing. The garment is liquid cooled to remove metabolic heat, thereby not increasing metabolic heat inside the garment. Liquid cooling garments typically consist of a plurality of flexible tubes that form a cooling mesh in which a suitable coolant, such as water, is pumped around the wearer's body as a heat sink liquid. Such a liquid cooled garment is disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,289,
No. 748, No. 3,295,594, No. 3,40
No. 0,756, etc. As the coolant traverses this tubular mesh, it absorbs heat by raising the temperature of the coolant itself. After traversing the cooling tube network of the liquid cooling garment, the coolant is collected and reused.
Only when the heat absorbed by traversing the tubular mesh of the liquid cooled garment is removed can the coolant be reused.

As one technique for removing this heat, a coolant is passed through while exchanging heat with a heat sink having a phase change substance that absorbs heat from the absorbent. In this process, endothermic phase change occurs. Therefore, not only the heat capacity of the substance,
The heat of mixing of the more important materials provides the heat sink.
At least some of the heat absorbed by the heat sink is conducted from the heat sink to the surrounding external environment. After a period of time, the phase change material is cooled to reverse the phase change, thereby returning the material to its original state, preferably by further cooling the material to regenerate the heat sink.

A device for cooling a protective suit coolant by this technique, particularly a device worn by a person wearing a hermetically sealed space suit as a backpack during extravehicular activity, is disclosed in US Pat. No. 325,426. (Filed Mar. 20, 1989), filed October 4, 1990, and is set forth in commonly owned U.S. Patent Application No. 593,599. An apparatus for cooling a coolant from a liquid cooled garment disclosed herein is a cooler utilizing a single phase change material contained in multiple panels forming the exterior of a backpack worn during extravehicular activity. Type non-exhaust type cooling device. Each panel has, in order from the inner side (that is, the side closest to the wearer), a coolant circulation tube disposed inside facing the heat-dissipating plate, and
A plurality of externally-distributed heat pump modules for heat absorption facing the surface of the heat-dissipating plate, a heat storage panel having a phase change material arranged in rows of the heat-pump module, And a coating applied to the outer surface of the heat containment panel to facilitate the dissipation of heat. The phase change material is any material that changes the phase to about 40 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. This material is a paraffinic material or mixture, preferably n-hexadecane paraffin. This is because the n-hexadecane paraffin has a phase change temperature which is the average of the maximum and minimum liquid-cooled garment coolant temperatures normally required during spacecraft activities.

[0006]

Although this device is highly preferred for use as a portable cooling device, the volume represented by the layered components is reduced, reducing the number of heat absorbing heat pump modules required. Therefore, if the complicated wiring network involved is simplified and the current consumption and power consumption are suppressed, the usefulness of this device will be improved.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-evacuated cooling device for further conducting heat from a liquid cooled garment coolant to the surroundings which has reduced volume and power consumption.

Another object of the present invention is to utilize two different phase change materials as heat sinks to conduct heat from the liquid cooling garment of the space suit to the surroundings of the vacuum during spacecraft activity. An exhaust type cooling device is provided.

[0009]

A non-evacuated chiller directs heat from the cooling fluid of a liquid cooling garment of a protective garment to the surroundings, thereby releasing the cooling fluid from a first temperature at which the cooling fluid is received. Provided to cool the coolant to a lower second temperature.

This apparatus comprises first and second exhaust heat means for absorbing heat from the cooling liquid, coolant heat exchange means for passing the coolant while exchanging heat with the first and second heat exhaust means, and cooling. In conjunction with the agent heat exchange means, the circulation control means for selectively guiding the cooling liquid to pass through the coolant heat exchange means and the first and second exhaust heat means are interlocked, and the heat is drawn from there to the surroundings. And cooler means.

According to the invention, the first heat removal means surrounds the first phase change material and the second heat removal means has a first phase change temperature lower than the phase change temperature of the first phase change material. Encloses biphasic change material. The second phase change material is selected because the coolant is below the minimum temperature to recover to the liquid cooled garment and provides a phase change temperature above the freezing point of the coolant itself, whereas normal outboard swimming The first phase change material is selected to provide a phase change temperature that is below (?) The desired liquid cooling garment coolant supply temperature and high enough to radiate a significant amount of heat. Preferred. Most preferably, the first phase change material comprises hexadecane paraffins and the second phase change material comprises tetradecane paraffins.

Further, the coolant heat exchanging means has a first portion that interlocks with the first heat discharging means while exchanging heat with it, and a second portion that interlocks with the second heat discharging means while exchanging heat with it. Circulation control means associated with the coolant heat exchange means selectively directs the coolant liquid, depending on the temperature required for the cooled coolant to be circulated to the liquid cooling garment and the amount of heat to be removed therefrom, the coolant heat. It acts to pass only the first part of the exchange means, the second part of the coolant heat exchange means, or the second part of the coolant heat exchange means in order from the first part.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further clarified by the detailed description of the preferred embodiment as shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0014]

1 and 2, a life support backpack 1 is shown.
Astronaut 10 wearing a protective extravehicular spacesuit 12 wearing 4 is shown. The life support backpack 14 is integrated with the cooling device 20 of the present invention.
A conventional liquid cooled garment 16 of the type well known in the art is worn under the protective spacesuit 12. This liquid cooled garment has a mesh 18 of flexible coolant tubes provided over the tissue mesh to efficiently cool the wearer's body and absorb heat generated by the wearer's metabolism.

In operation, a cooling liquid (usually water) is supplied to the liquid cooling garment net at a relatively low temperature (usually about 53 ° to about 75 ° F.) and circulates therein as a heat sink, It absorbs metabolic heat, which cools the wearer and the interior of space suit 12. During this process, the coolant temperature of the liquid cooled garment rises (typically in the temperature range of about 64 degrees to about 78 degrees Fahrenheit). After traversing the liquid cooling garment net, the coolant is collected and passed through a cooling device 20 of the present invention provided in the life support pack 14 to remove the heat absorbed by the coolant and remove the coolant. The coolant is brought back to the desired temperature for recirculation in a liquid cooled garment mesh.

The cooling device 20 absorbs heat from the liquid-cooled garment coolant and comprises a first heat-dissipating module first portion 50A, and a second heat-absorbing module that absorbs heat from the liquid-cooled garment coolant. A second heat discharging means composed of a portion 50B, a first portion 30A through which the coolant can pass while exchanging heat with the first heat discharging means 50A, and a second portion through which the coolant can pass while exchanging heat with the second heat discharging means 50B. A cooling liquid heat exchange means having 30B, and a circulation in which the coolant heat exchange means is interlocked with to selectively guide the coolant liquid and pass it to at least one of the first 30A and the second portion 30B of the coolant heat exchange means. And a control means 80.

The five panels 22 assembled to form the top, bottom, back, and sides of the outer layers of the life support pack 14 collectively engage the circulation control means 80 to provide the cooling device 20 of the present invention. To form. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each panel 2 of the non-exhaust type cooling device 20.
2 is a layered coolant heat composed of a coolant heat exchange coil 34 and a heat dissipation plate 42 which are connected to each other from the inner side (that is, the side closer to the wearer) to the outer side (that is, the side closer to the outside). Exhaust composed of a heat exchange module 50A or 50B having an exchange means and an outer surface 52, that is, a surface arranged toward the surroundings, and having a function of deriving heat from the heat removal module 50 by radiating heat to the surrounding vacuum environment. It is composed of heat means.

The outer surface 52 of each module, which when assembled, forms an outer heat radiating surface 24 around the outer surface of the life support backpack 14 to facilitate conduction of heat absorbed by the heat removal means 50 to the surroundings. A cooling-enhancing coating is provided on the to help release heat away to the environment. For use in outer space, which is in a vacuum, it is preferred that the coating 70 be composed of layers applied to the outer surface of the respective module 50 having low solar absorptivity and high infrared emissivity. Most preferably, the heat-dissipating coating consists of a layer adhered to the outer surface of the module of the Teflon strip with an inner coating of vacuum-deposited silver.

Each heat exchange coil 34 of the coolant heat exchange means 30A and 30B comprises a plurality of coiled tubes or looped tubes, which are rigid,
A heat conductive material such as stainless steel having impact resistance is preferable. This tube is provided on the heat dissipation plate 42 and is typically adhered to the plate with a heat conducting material such as heat conducting RTV rubber. Each heat exchange loop or coil receives an inlet for superheated liquid cooling garment returned from the liquid cooling garment's cooling net and an outlet for releasing cooled liquid cooling garment coolant for reuse in the liquid cooling garment. And a distribution duct between them. The liquid cooling garment coolant passes through this flow duct while exchanging heat with the plate 42 provided with the tubes. The heat-dissipating plate 42 is made of a relatively light-weight heat-conducting material such as aluminum so that heat from the liquid-cooled garment coolant flows through the heat-exchange tubes 34 to the heat-dissipating module 50 to disperse the heat relatively evenly. Lead. Each heat dissipation plate 42 has a network of grooves 44 on one side thereof, which grooves 44 are configured to receive the heat exchange tubes 34. The other surface of each heat exchange plate 42 is connected to the heat removal module 5
It is placed in contact with 0. This is the heat exchange tube 3 provided on one side of the plate due to the heat conduction of the whole plate.
This is for facilitating the conduction of heat from the liquid cooling garment coolant passing through 4 to the heat removal module 50 in contact with the other surface of the plate.

Each heat removal module 50A or 50B comprises a housing 54 which encloses and maintains a phase change material 55 interspersed within a heat dissipation matrix 56. The housing 54 is made of a lightweight heat conductive material such as aluminum so that heat can be easily transferred from the phase change material 55 to the external heat dissipation surface 52. The heat dissipation matrix 56 disposed within the housing 54 includes not only between the inner surface 58 and the outer surface 52 of the housing 54 but also the housing 5
The heat is relatively easily released from the entire phase change material 55 in 4. The heat-dissipating matrix 56 is also composed of a lightweight heat-conducting material such as aluminum, especially spongy aluminum.

According to the present invention, the phase change material 55A is surrounded by the respective heat removal modules 50A, and the phase change material 55A changes in the state in which the phase change material further absorbs heat, that is, from the solid state to the liquid state. Has a phase change temperature that changes to. On the other hand, each heat removal module 50B surrounds the second phase change material 55B, and the second phase change material changes the state in which the phase change material further absorbs heat, that is, from the solid state to the liquid state. It has a changing phase change temperature, which is lower than that of the first phase change material 55A.

Referring now to FIG. 5, an alternative embodiment of the second heat removal module 50B enclosing the low temperature phase change material 55B is shown.
In this embodiment, the heat pump means 60 facilitates and regulates the transfer of heat from the cooling tubes through the coolant heat exchange means into the exhaust heat module 50B, so that the heat pump means 60 allows the coolant heat exchange means 30B and the exhaust heat. It is arranged interlocking with the middle of the module 50B. As disclosed in the above-referenced US patent application No. 593,599 owned by the same applicant,
It is preferable if the heat pump means 60 is composed of a row of thermoelectric modules 62 that are electrically connected. This thermoelectric module 62 includes a heat dissipation module 50B surrounding the outer surface 45 of the heat dissipation plate 42B, that is, the low temperature phase change material 55B.
Dispersed on the plate surfaces juxtaposed to each other. By changing the voltage applied to the row of the heat pump means 60, the thermal conductivity from the heat dissipation plate 42B to the heat removal module 50B can be arbitrarily increased or decreased. When there is no voltage on this column, the thermoelectric module 62 provides a conduction path for conducting heat between the heat dissipation plate 42B and the heat dissipation module 50B.

As described above, according to the present invention, the phase change material 55B enclosed within the heat release module 50B is the phase change material 55A enclosed within the heat release module 50A.
Can be selected to have a phase change temperature lower than the phase change temperature of. The phase change temperature of the substance 55A enclosed in the exhaust heat module 50A is lower than the liquid cooling garment coolant supply temperature desired for the important part (?) Of the normal outboard swimming, and the amount of heat generated in the ordinary space is large. Of a substance 55B having a phase change temperature below the minimum temperature at which the coolant should recover to the liquid cooling garment and above the freezing point of the coolant. It is preferred if a changing substance is selected.
When applied to outer space, the phase change material 55A is approximately 5 degrees Fahrenheit.
A substance having a phase change temperature narrower than a temperature difference of 5 to about 65 degrees, such as hexadecane paraffin having a melting point of about 64 degrees Fahrenheit, is preferred. On the other hand, phase change material 55
B is preferably a substance having a phase change temperature of less than about 50 degrees Fahrenheit, and more preferably a temperature difference of about 39 to 48 degrees Fahrenheit, such as tetradecane paraffin having a melting point of about 42 degrees Fahrenheit.

An important feature of this type of cooling device is that the heat absorption capacity of the heat dissipation module 50 is easily restored upon further reuse after the heat absorption operation in which the phase change material 55 is partially or completely dissolved. It is a point that can be done. In order to regenerate the heat absorption power after use, a cold liquid, ie a liquid having a temperature below the phase change temperature of the special phase change material housed in the module, exchanges heat in the heat exchange coil 32 while exchanging heat with the liquid material 55. Pass through and cool the material back into its original solid phase. For example, when hexadecane paraffin and tetradecane paraffin are selected as phase change materials and applied to outer space, when the astronaut returns to the spacecraft after the extravehicular activity is completed, the heat exchange coil 32 at 40 degrees Fahrenheit or less is used.
The paraffin is cooled and solidified by pumping the water cooled from the above to recover the cooling power of the module 50.
It is desirable to be able to increase the cooling power of the module by subcooling the phase change material below its phase change temperature during regeneration, for example hexadecane paraffins to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit and tetradecane paraffins to about 35 degrees Fahrenheit.

The cooling system of the present invention comprises circulation control means 80 operable to selectively direct the liquid cooled garment coolant released from the liquid cooled garment cooling net. The circulation control means 80 is a module 50A of the first heat exhausting means.
Only, or only the module 50B of the second heat exhausting means,
Alternatively, the first and second heat exhausting means are continuously cooled first through the module 50A and then through the module 50B.
In the operation mode 1, the recovery temperature (that is, the inlet valve 82) of the coolant discharged from the liquid cooling garment cooling network exceeds the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A, and the coolant is transferred to the liquid cooling garment cooling network. The desired recycling temperature for recirculation exceeds the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A,
If the cooling power of the first exhaust heat means 50A is not insufficient to cool the coolant to the desired reuse temperature, the circulation control means 80
Guides the flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant so that the coolant passes only through the first heat discharging means 50A and does not pass through the second heat discharging means 50B.

In operation mode 2, the recovery temperature of the coolant released from the liquid cooled garment cooling net exceeds the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A and the coolant is recirculated to the liquid cooled garment cooling net. If the desired reuse temperature is below the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A, the circulation control means 80 will cause the liquid cooling garment coolant to first pass through the first heat removal means 50A, followed by the second heat removal. Direct the flow through means 50B. This operating mode is also limited to the cooling power of the first heat discharging means 50A even though the desired reuse temperature at which the liquid cooled garment coolant is recirculated exceeds the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A. Used when there is insufficient cooling of the coolant to the desired reuse temperature.

In the operation mode 3, the circulation control means 8 is used when the recovery temperature of the coolant discharged from the liquid cooling garment cooling network is lower than the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A.
0 guides the flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant so that the liquid cooling garment coolant only passes through the second heat discharging means 50B and does not pass through the first heat discharging means 50A. In the operation mode 2 or 3, when the exhaust heat module 50B has the heat pump 60, the heat pump 60 is energized and, if necessary, adjusts the voltage applied to the pump to appropriately cool the coolant to a desired reuse temperature. Then
Selectively increase heat transfer from the liquid cooled garment coolant to the phase change material 55B in module 50B.

As shown schematically in FIG. 6, the coolant circulation control means 80 interlocking with the coolant heat exchange means 30 includes a bypass valve 82, mode selection valves 84 and 86, and further valves 82, 84 and 86. A circulation controller 88 for controlling the operation and selectively directing liquid cooled garment coolant to be cooled in the various ducts that make up the heat exchange circuit so that the cooling operation is performed in any one of the above modes. Composed of. This heat exchange circuit is centrally composed of the following ducts:

A. The first supply duct 10 for guiding and cooling the coolant liquid to the coolant heat exchange means 30A and / or 30B.
1.

B. A second supply duct 103 that guides the coolant liquid from the first duct 101 to the inlet of the first heat exchange means 30A and cools it.

C. A third supply duct 105 for guiding and cooling the coolant liquid directly from the first duct 101 to the inlet of the second heat exchange means 30B.

D. A first discharge duct 111 for guiding the cooled coolant liquid from the coolant heat exchange means 30B.

E. A second discharge duct 113 that guides the cooled coolant liquid from the first heat exchange means 30A to the first discharge duct 111.

F. A third discharge duct 115 that guides the cooled coolant liquid from the outlet of the second heat exchange means 30B to the first discharge duct 111.

G. The cooled coolant is used as the first heat exchange means 3
A connecting duct 121 that leads from the outlet of 0A to the inlet of the second heat exchange means 30B.

H. A bypass duct 131 that directs the coolant liquid from the first supply duct 101 directly to the first discharge duct 111, thereby preventing the coolant liquid from passing through the first and second heat exchange means 30A and 30B.

The operation is as follows. The circulation control device 88 receives a signal 81 indicative of the coolant recovery temperature measured when the coolant is discharged from the liquid cooling garment cooling network and further passes through the upstream point of the bypass valve 82 of the first supply duct 101, Compare the received signal with a first set point indicating the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A and a second set point indicating the desired reuse temperature at which the coolant is recycled to the liquid cooling garment cooling network. To do. The desired recovery temperature at which the recovery temperature of the coolant discharged from the liquid cooling garment cooling network exceeds the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A, and the coolant is recirculated to the liquid cooling garment cooling network. If the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A is also exceeded, the circulation control device 88 sends an appropriate control signal to the first mode selection valve 84 to cause the second supply duct 10 to move.
3 to close the third supply duct 105. Further, by sending an appropriate control signal to the second mode selection valve 86, it is released to the second discharge duct 113 and the connection duct 121 is closed. The flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant thereby follows the mode 1 and the first heat removal means 5
It is guided so as to pass only 0A and not the second heat discharging means 50B.

The circulation controller 88 also receives a signal 83 indicative of the measured reuse temperature. The coolant cooled at this temperature is recycled to the liquid cooling garment cooling network. The reuse temperature is measured when the cooled coolant passes through the confluence of the bypass duct 131 and the first discharge duct 111, which is the downstream point of the first discharge duct 111. In Mode 1, if the measured reuse temperature exceeds the desired reuse temperature (first heat exhausting means 5
This occurs when the cooling power of 0 A is insufficient to cool the coolant to the desired recycle temperature), the circulation controller 88 sends a signal to the second mode select valve 86 and the connecting duct. It releases towards 121 and closes the second discharge duct 113. Accordingly, the flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant is in accordance with the mode 2, and the first heat discharging means 50
A, and then the second heat exhausting means 50B is continuously guided.

The signal 81 indicative of the measured recovery temperature of the coolant released from the liquid cooled garment cooling net exceeds the setpoint indicative of the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A,
If the desired recycle temperature at which the coolant is recirculated to the liquid cooled garment cooling network is less than the setpoint indicative of the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A, the circulation controller 88 will issue an appropriate signal. By sending to the one mode selection valve 84, the second supply duct 103 is released and the third supply duct 105 is closed. Further, an appropriate signal is sent to the second mode selection valve 86.
To release the connection duct 121 and close the second discharge duct 113. Accordingly, the flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant is in accordance with the mode 2 and the first heat exhausting means 5
It is guided so as to pass through 0A and then continuously pass through the second heat discharging means 50B.

If the signal 81 indicating the recovery temperature of the coolant discharged from the liquid cooling garment cooling network is less than the set value indicating the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 55A, the circulation control device 88 determines that By sending a signal to the mode selection valve 84, the second supply duct 103 is released and the first supply duct 101 is closed. According to the mode 2, the flow of the liquid cooling garment coolant is guided so as to pass only through the second heat discharging means 50B and not through the first heat discharging means 50A.

As shown in FIG. 5, the heat exhaust module 50
If B has a heat pump 60, the heat pump 60 energizes and regulates its voltage to the thermoelectric module and the phase change of the liquid cooled garment coolant to module 50B by the circulation controller 88 when operating in modes 2 or 3. Selectively increases heat transfer to material 55B. Since it is necessary to properly cool the coolant to the desired reuse temperature, the circulation controller 88 indicates that the signal 83 indicating the measured reuse temperature exceeds the set value indicating the desired reuse temperature.
Is detected, which results in an increase in the heat transfer from the coolant to the second phase change material, and thus works as described above.

Further, the circulation control device 88 causes the flow of the coolant from the first supply duct 101 to pass through the bypass duct 131 by the bypass valve 82 to the first discharge duct 111.
It operates to selectively control inward. If the signal 83 indicative of the measured reuse temperature drops below a set value indicative of the desired reuse temperature, the circulation controller 88 sends an appropriate signal to the bypass valve 82 to bypass the bypass duct 13.
1 is selectively released. Furthermore, this allows controlled coolant of the coolant passing through the first supply duct 101 to be converted to the first discharge duct 111 via the bypass duct 131. Thus, the mixed coolant is discharged via the downstream portion of the first discharge duct 111 and recycled to the cooling network of the liquid cooling garment at a mixing temperature equal to the desired recycling temperature.

Two separate phase change materials 55A and 55B housed in separate heat removal modules 50A and 50B are used to provide a cooling system in which the phase change materials have substantially different phase change temperatures. Therefore, the amount of cooling that the exhaust heat module needs to provide depends on whether the cooling device that uses only one of the different phase change substances for all modules or the cooling device that uses a mixture of different phase change substances for each module. When compared with the required cooling rate for the same work rate, it is controlled synergistically. Although radiative cooling is enhanced by the phase change material having a relatively high phase change temperature, which ensures that the heat that flows to the outside can be adequately blocked, it does not provide adequate cooling of the coolant under heavy working conditions. A phase change material with a relatively low phase change temperature will ensure proper cooling of the coolant, but this will impair the low radiative cooling power and thus diminish heat transfer to the outside. Individual waste heat module 5
Two separate phase change materials 5 housed in 0A and 50B
Utilizing 5A and 55B, with one having a relatively high phase change temperature and the other having a relatively low phase change temperature, the minimum amount provides adequate cooling and adequate thermal barrier.

When used in outer space, by properly using the module type, it is possible to minimize the volume of all modules and to reduce the power consumption by the thermoelectric module to 0 to a minute amount, and to provide the total cooling power provided by the module 50A. It is usually optimal to separate the module types with a module 50B having a low phase change temperature material 55B that provides only about 20 to 30% of the same. The exact point at which no heat pumping means is needed depends on the minimum temperature required for the coolant supplied to the liquid cooled garment in space, which normally depends on the maximum metabolic rate to be achieved. ..

In any case, in the cooling device of the present invention, it is preferable if the heat pump means is associated with a cooling panel incorporating a low phase change temperature material when needed. In addition, when the thermoelectric module is needed even a little, the surface area corresponding to the attached heat removal module 50B is reduced, and the shape is further simplified. It is characterized by being very simple compared to the cooling device.

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made, deleted or added in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Shall be understood.

[0047]

According to the present invention, the volume is reduced and the number of heat pump modules for heat absorption required is reduced, which simplifies the related complicated wiring network and reduces the current consumption and power consumption. It is possible to provide a non-exhaust type cooling device. In addition, heat can be conducted from the liquid-cooled garment coolant to the surroundings while reducing volume and power consumption, and by utilizing two different phase change materials as heat sinks, heat can be transferred to spacesuits during extravehicular activity. It is possible to provide a reproducible non-evacuated cooling device that conducts heat from a liquid cooling garment to the surroundings of a vacuum state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially in section, of the apparatus of the present invention used with an outboard space suit.

2 is a perspective view of a conventional liquid cooled garment worn under an outboard space suit of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a side panel 22A of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the back panel 22B of FIG.

5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified example of the panel shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cooling device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Cooling Device 30A First Part 30B Second Part 30 Coolant Heat Exchange Means 34 Coolant Heat Exchange Coil 42 Heat Release Plate 50B Second Part of Exhaust Heat Module 50A First Part of Exhaust Heat Module 55B Second Phase Change Material 55A Second One-phase change substance 60 Heat pump means 80 Circulation control means 84 Mode selection valve 86 Mode selection valve 101 First supply duct 103 Second supply duct 105 Third supply duct 111 First discharge duct 113 Second discharge duct 115 Third discharge Duct 121 Connection duct 131 Bypass duct

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A non-conducting heat transfer from the coolant liquid to the outside to cool the coolant liquid from a first temperature at which the coolant liquid is received to a second temperature at which the coolant liquid is discharged for reuse. In an exhaust cooling device, a. First heat removal means surrounding the first phase change material to absorb heat from the coolant liquid; b. The second exhaust heat that surrounds the second phase change material and absorbs heat from the coolant liquid, and makes the phase change temperature of the second phase change material lower than the phase change temperature of the first phase change material. Means, c. A first portion for passing a coolant while exchanging heat with the first and second exhaust heat means and exchanging heat with the first exhaust heat means and a second portion for exchanging heat with the second exhaust heat means. A coolant heat exchange means having: d. Circulation control means that works in conjunction with the coolant heat exchange means to selectively pass the coolant liquid through at least one of the first and second portions of the coolant heat exchange means; e. A non-exhaust type cooling device comprising: a cooler unit that works in conjunction with the first and second exhaust heat units and guides heat from the first and second phase change substances to the outside. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first phase change material consists essentially of hexadecane paraffin. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first phase change material consists essentially of tetradecane paraffin. 4. The phase change temperature of the first phase change material is usually
An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is lower than the second temperature value and lower than the second temperature minimum value. 5. The phase change temperature of the first phase change material is in the range of about 55 to about 65 degrees Fahrenheit and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is less than about 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The device according to. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is in the range of about 39 degrees Fahrenheit to about 48 degrees Fahrenheit. 7. A first heat exchange coil having an inlet and an outlet and a flow duct between the inlet and the outlet, the coolant heat exchanging means passing a coolant while exchanging heat with the first and second heat exhausting means. A second heat exchange coil having an inlet and an outlet and a flow duct between them; a first plate arranged to conduct heat between the first heat exchange coil and the first heat exhausting means; The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a second heat exchange coil and a second plate arranged to conduct heat between the second heat discharging means. 8. The circulation control means associated with the coolant heat exchange means comprises: a. First supply duct means for directing and cooling a coolant liquid to said coolant heat exchange means, b. Second supply duct means for directing and cooling the coolant liquid from the first duct means directly to the inlet of the first heat exchange coil of said coolant heat exchange means, c. Third supply duct means for directing and cooling the coolant liquid directly from the first duct to the inlet of the second heat exchange coil of said coolant heat exchange means, d. First discharge duct means for directing cooled coolant liquid from said coolant heat exchange means; e. Second discharge duct means for guiding the cooled coolant liquid from the outlet of the first heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means to the first discharge duct; f. Third discharge duct means for guiding the cooled coolant liquid from the outlet of the second heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means to the first discharge duct; g. Connection duct means for guiding the cooled coolant from the outlet of the first heat exchange coil to the inlet of the second heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means, h. By-pass duct means for guiding the coolant liquid directly from the first supply duct to the first discharge duct, whereby the coolant liquid passing through the bypass duct does not pass through the first and second heat exchange coils of the coolant heat exchange means. And i. 8. An apparatus according to claim 7, comprising means for selectively directing a coolant liquid through said duct means. 9. The means for selectively directing a coolant liquid into the duct means comprises: a. First valve means interlocking with the first, second and third supply duct means for selectively guiding the coolant liquid from the first supply duct means only through the second supply duct means or only through the third supply duct means; B. Second valve means interlocking with the second discharge duct means and the connecting duct to selectively guide the cooled coolant liquid discharged from the first heat exchange coil means only through the second discharge duct means or only through the connecting duct means. And c. Third valve means for interlocking with the first supply duct means and the bypass duct means to selectively direct a portion of the coolant liquid to the bypass duct means for cooling; d. 9. An apparatus according to claim 8 comprising valve control means for selectively operating the first, second and third valve means. 10. A non-exhaust cooling device for directing heat from a coolant liquid to the outside for cooling the coolant liquid from a first temperature at which the coolant liquid is received to a second low temperature at which the coolant liquid is discharged. A. First heat removal means surrounding the first phase change material to absorb heat from the coolant liquid; b. A second exhaust heat that surrounds the second phase change material and absorbs heat from the coolant liquid, and sets the phase change temperature of the second phase change material to a temperature lower than the phase change temperature of the first phase change material. Means, c. A first portion for passing a coolant while exchanging heat with the first and second heat exhausting means, for exchanging heat with the first heat exhausting means, and a second portion for exchanging heat with the second heat exhausting means. A coolant heat exchange means having: d. A heat pump means arranged between the second part of the coolant heat exchange means and the second heat exhaust means to increase heat conduction between the coolant heat exchange means and the second heat exhaust means. And e. Circulation control means that works in conjunction with the coolant heat exchange means to selectively pass the coolant liquid through at least one of the first and second portions of the coolant heat exchange means; f. A non-exhaust type cooling device comprising: a cooler unit that works in conjunction with the first and second heat discharging units and guides heat from the first and second phase change substances to the outside. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the heat pump comprises a plurality of thermoelectric modules. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first phase change material consists essentially of hexadecane paraffin. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the second phase change material consists essentially of tetradecane paraffin. 14. The phase change temperature of the first phase change material is usually lower than the second temperature value, and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is lower than the second temperature minimum value. Item 1
1. The device according to 1. 15. The phase change temperature of the first phase change material is in the range of about 55 to about 65 degrees Fahrenheit and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is less than about 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The device according to. 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is in the range of about 39 degrees Fahrenheit to about 48 degrees Fahrenheit. 17. A first heat exchange coil having an inlet and an outlet and a flow duct between the inlet and the outlet, the coolant heat exchanging means passing a coolant while exchanging heat with the first and second exhaust heat means. A second heat exchange coil having an inlet and an outlet and a flow duct between them; a first plate arranged to conduct heat between the first heat exchange coil and the first heat exhausting means; The apparatus according to claim 11, which is composed of a second heat exchange coil and a second plate arranged to conduct heat between the second heat discharging means. 18. The circulation control means associated with the coolant heat exchange means comprises: a. First supply duct means for guiding and cooling a coolant liquid to said coolant heat exchange means, b. Second supply duct means for directing and cooling the coolant liquid from the first duct means directly to the inlet of the first heat exchange coil of said coolant heat exchange means, c. Third supply duct means for directing and cooling the coolant liquid from the first duct to the inlet of the second heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means, d. First discharge duct means for directing cooled coolant liquid from the coolant heat exchange means; e. Second discharge duct means for guiding the cooled coolant liquid from the outlet of the first heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means to the first discharge duct; f. Third discharge duct means for guiding the cooled coolant liquid from the outlet of the second heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means to the first discharge duct; g. Connection duct means for guiding the cooled coolant from the outlet of the first heat exchange coil to the inlet of the second heat exchange coil of the coolant heat exchange means, h. Bypass duct means for directing the coolant liquid directly from the first supply duct to the first discharge duct, whereby the coolant liquid passing through the bypass duct does not pass through the first and second heat exchange coils of the coolant heat exchange means. And i. 18. An apparatus according to claim 17, comprising means for selectively directing a coolant liquid through said duct means. 19. The means for selectively directing a coolant liquid into the duct means comprises: a. First valve means for interlocking with the first, second and third supply duct means and selectively guiding and cooling the coolant liquid from the first supply duct means via the second supply duct means or the third supply duct means; B. Second valve means which is operatively associated with the second discharge duct means and the connecting duct and selectively guides the cooled coolant liquid discharged from the first heat exchange coil means via the second discharge duct means or the connecting duct means, c. Third valve means for interlocking with the first supply duct means and the bypass duct means to selectively direct a portion of the coolant liquid to the bypass duct means for cooling; d. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, comprising valve control means for selectively operating the first, second and third valve means.