JPH0527497B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0527497B2
JPH0527497B2 JP19778287A JP19778287A JPH0527497B2 JP H0527497 B2 JPH0527497 B2 JP H0527497B2 JP 19778287 A JP19778287 A JP 19778287A JP 19778287 A JP19778287 A JP 19778287A JP H0527497 B2 JPH0527497 B2 JP H0527497B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hemming
sagging
flange
bent
bending
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP19778287A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6440120A (en
Inventor
Yozo Hirose
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Priority to JP19778287A priority Critical patent/JPS6440120A/en
Publication of JPS6440120A publication Critical patent/JPS6440120A/en
Publication of JPH0527497B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0527497B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

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  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

<産業上の利用分野> この発明は、形状不良を生じることなくプレス
製品端縁部の折り曲げを行うための、安定した作
業性の下で実施し得るヘム加工(縁曲げ加工)方
法に関するものである。 <従来技術とその問題点> 一般に、自動車のドアパネルやトランクリツド
等のパネル部品の製造には、第1図に示されるよ
うに、アウタパネル1とインナパネル2の2つの
部材をその端縁部で曲げ加工して接合する“ヘム
加工”が採用されている。 第2図は、上記ヘム加工の工程を説明したもの
であり、予め絞り加工等によりフランジを形成し
トリム加工で該フランジの成形がなされたアウタ
パネル1に、これとは別に形成されたインナパネ
ル2を嵌め込み(第2図のa)、その後アウタパ
ネル1のフランジ部を45゜前後に折り曲げるプリ
ヘム加工を施し〔第2図のb〕、続いて該フラン
ジ部を90゜に折り曲げてヘム加工を完了する〔第
2図のc〕過程を略示している。 ところが、このようなヘム加工を行つた場合、
往々にしてヘム加工後のアウタパネル面に第3図
に示す如き“シヤクレ”や第4図に示す“ダレ”、
或いは第5図aに示す曲げ稜線3の意図しない出
入り又は不均一な出入り〔第5図b〕が生じ、製
品の面品質を劣化させることが多いとの問題が指
摘されていた。 そのため、従来、これらの不良現象のうちシヤ
クレ及びダレを防止する対策として、ヘム加工時
の加圧力を増加させることにより成形途中で生じ
たシヤクレ及びダレを矯正する方法や、第6図で
示すようにアウタパネルのフランジ部に切欠きを
入れ、これによつてフランジ部の伸び又は縮み変
形を吸収して不良現象を抑制しようとの手段、或
いは特開昭61−189828号公報にみられるような、
フランジ部に予め曲げ稜線に沿う曲げ変形集中部
(孔や溝)を設けてからヘム加工する方法等が採
用されていた。 しかしながら、このような対策ではダレやシヤ
クレ等の不良現象防止効果が十分でないばかり
か、“ヘム加工金型の摩耗促進”や“有効フラン
ジ長さ減少による接合強度や耐食性の劣化”を招
くと言つた問題が懸念される上、フランジ部の切
欠き形成や曲げ変形集中部を設けるための孔明け
又は溝付けは作業能率面から決して好ましいもの
ではなく、この点からも新たな対策が強く望まれ
ていた。 <問題点の発生原因> 本発明者等は、ヘム加工に見られる上述のよう
な問題点を踏まえた上で、まずヘム加工時に生じ
がちなダレ、シヤクレ或いは額面の出入り等の不
良現象に関する基本的な調査・研究を行つたとこ
ろ、プリヘム、ヘム過程でのモーメントの発生及
びフランジ部の伸び又は縮み変形が前記該不良現
象の発生原因の一部であることは確かであるが、
それにも増して曲げ加工部の加工硬化が大きな原
因となつていることが明らかとなつたのである。 即ち、自動車等のパネル部材では、通常の冷延
鋼板を始めとして、高張力鋼板、焼付硬化型高張
力鋼板等が素材に用いられており、ヘム加工終了
後に塗装あるいは焼付塗装が行われるのが普通で
あるが、上記素材にヘム加工を施すと第7図のよ
うな挙動を示す。 第7図は、絞り工程等の後のアウタパネルのフ
ランジ部が90゜に折り曲げられ、トリム加工によ
つて縁成形がなされた以降のヘム過程と曲げ部の
状態を示したものであり、まず、第7図のaで示
すようにアウタパネル1にインナパネル2が嵌め
込まれてプリヘム加工が行われる。 ところが、アウタパネル1のフランジ折り曲げ
部Aはフランジ加工のために加工硬化が生じてお
り、そのためこのプリヘム時に、第7図のbに示
す如くA部に隣接するB部が塑性変形し、ダレが
生じる。 前記B部の塑性変形は、プリヘム加工に続くヘ
ム過程〔第7図のc〜f〕の初期〔第7図のc〕
にも生じてダレの程度を増す。そして、更にヘム
加工が進むと、今度は塑性変形したB部に曲げ戻
しが作用し〔第7図のd〕、その結果、第7図の
eで示すようにB部に隣接するC部が浮き上が
り、所謂シヤクレを形成する。勿論、その後のプ
レス下死点で前記B部及びC部は押圧され、見掛
け上は平坦化される〔第7図のf〕が、除荷後に
この部分がスプリングバツクするのを防げ得ず、
上記のように形成されたダレ及びシヤクレはやは
り残留することとなつて、曲げ稜線の不均一にも
つながる。 つまり、ヘム加工時のダレ及びシヤクレの発生
メカニズムは上述の通りであつて、第7図のB部
にダレが生じる主因はフランジ成形時の曲げ部A
の加工硬化が大きい故に拡大されたA部とB部の
変形抵抗の差にあり、このためプリヘム過程での
フランジ部の曲げがB部に影響してダレを生じさ
せるものであつた。 <問題点を解決する手段> そこで、本発明者等は、前記調査結果をもとに
した観点からヘム加工時におけるダレやシヤクレ
等の不良現象防止策を研究した結果、「ヘム加工
に際してのパネル部材のフランジ形成後に、その
曲げ部とこれに隣接する部分或いはパネル部材全
体を加熱して歪とり焼鈍を行い、その後にヘム加
工を実施すると、曲げ部近傍の変形抵抗の差が無
くなつてダレやシヤクレ等の不良現象が発生しな
くなり、これだけで十分に満足できる品質のヘム
加工による接合製品が安定して得られるようにな
る」との知見を得るに至つたのである。 この発明は、上記知見に基づいて成されたもの
であり、 「鋼板部材のヘム加工に際して、まずフランジ
部を形成した鋼板部材に歪取り焼鈍を施し、その
後ヘム加工することにより、ダレ、シヤクレ、曲
げ稜線の不本意な出入りや不均一出入り等の不良
現象を安定して防止得るようにした」点 に特徴を有するものである。 ここで、歪取り焼鈍は、高周波誘導加熱等によ
つて曲げ部とその近傍のみに施しても良いし、加
熱炉等によつて成形品全体を加熱して実施しても
良い。 <作 用> 以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の方法を詳細
に説明する。 第8図はプリヘム加工前に歪とり焼鈍を行つた
場合のヘム過程と曲げ部の状態を示すものである
が、焼鈍により曲げ部Aとその隣接部Bとの変形
抵抗の差が無くなつているため、プリヘム加工時
にも第8図のbに示すようにB部のダレが生じに
くい。従つて、以後のヘム過程〔第8図のc〜e
でのシヤクレが形成されにくく、最終的にダレ及
びシヤクレが防止される。 勿論、額面の出入りもダレが生じにくいことか
ら減少し、かつ均一なものとなる。 次いで、この発明を実施例により具体的に説明
する。 <実施例> 実施例 1 板厚が0.7mmの通常の冷延鋼板を用意し、本発
明例としては、90゜曲げ加工してフランジ成形し
た後に加熱炉で600℃に30分間加熱して曲げ部を
含む全体の歪取り焼鈍を行い、また従来例として
は歪取り焼鈍を行なわずに、それぞれ通常のヘム
加工を実施した。なお、ヘム加工条件は次の通り
であつた。 製品寸法:0.7mm厚×100mm長×150mm幅、 フランジ長さ:10mm、 90゜曲げ半径:0.5mm、 プリヘム角度:45゜、 成形形状:第9図の通り。 このようにして得られた接合製品について、そ
の形状特性を調査した結果を第1表に示す。
<Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a hemming (edge bending) method that can be carried out under stable workability in order to bend the edge of a pressed product without causing shape defects. be. <Prior art and its problems> Generally, in manufacturing panel parts such as automobile door panels and trunk lids, two members, an outer panel 1 and an inner panel 2, are bent at their edges, as shown in FIG. "Hem processing" is used to process and join. FIG. 2 explains the hemming process described above, in which an inner panel 2 is formed separately from an outer panel 1 in which a flange is formed in advance by drawing or the like and the flange is formed by a trim process. (a in Figure 2), then pre-hem processing is performed by bending the flange part of the outer panel 1 around 45 degrees [b in Figure 2], and then the flange part is bent at 90 degrees to complete the hem process. [Fig. 2c] The process is schematically shown. However, when such hem processing is performed,
There are often "stains" as shown in Figure 3 or "sagging" as shown in Figure 4 on the outer panel surface after hemming.
Alternatively, it has been pointed out that the bending ridge line 3 as shown in FIG. 5a may move in and out unintentionally or unevenly (FIG. 5b), which often deteriorates the surface quality of the product. Therefore, as a countermeasure to prevent sag and sag among these defective phenomena, methods have been proposed to correct the sag and sag that occur during hemming by increasing the pressure during hemming, and as shown in Fig. 6. A method is to make a notch in the flange of the outer panel, thereby absorbing the expansion or contraction deformation of the flange to suppress the defective phenomenon, or as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 189828/1983.
A method has been adopted in which a bending deformation concentration area (hole or groove) is previously provided along the bending ridge line in the flange portion and then hemming is performed. However, such countermeasures are not only insufficiently effective in preventing defects such as sag and sagging, but also lead to "accelerated wear of the hemming die" and "deterioration of joint strength and corrosion resistance due to reduction in effective flange length." In addition to being concerned about the problem of water leakage, forming notches in the flange or drilling or grooving to create areas where bending deformation is concentrated is not at all desirable in terms of work efficiency, and from this point of view, new countermeasures are strongly desired. was. <Causes of Problems> Based on the above-mentioned problems seen in hem processing, the present inventors first investigated the basics of defective phenomena such as sagging, sagging, and the coming and going of the face value that tend to occur during hem processing. After extensive investigation and research, it is certain that the generation of moment during the pre-hemming and hemming process and the elongation or shrinkage deformation of the flange part are some of the causes of the defective phenomenon.
It has become clear that work hardening of the bent portion is an even more significant cause. In other words, panel members for automobiles, etc. are made of ordinary cold-rolled steel sheets, high-tensile steel sheets, bake-hardened high-tensile steel sheets, etc., and are painted or baked after hemming is completed. Although it is normal, when the above-mentioned material is hemmed, it exhibits the behavior shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 7 shows the hemming process and the state of the bent part after the flange part of the outer panel is bent at 90 degrees after the drawing process etc. and the edge is formed by trimming. As shown by a in FIG. 7, the inner panel 2 is fitted into the outer panel 1 and pre-hemmed. However, the flange bent portion A of the outer panel 1 is work hardened due to the flange processing, and therefore, during pre-hemming, the B portion adjacent to the A portion is plastically deformed and sagging occurs, as shown in Fig. 7b. . The plastic deformation of the B section occurs at the beginning of the hemming process [c to f in Fig. 7] following the pre-hem processing [c in Fig. 7].
This also occurs and increases the degree of sagging. As hemming progresses further, the plastically deformed part B is bent back [Fig. 7 d], and as a result, the C part adjacent to the B part is bent as shown in Fig. 7 e. It floats up and forms a so-called shackle. Of course, the parts B and C are pressed at the bottom dead center of the press afterwards and are apparently flattened [FIG. 7 f], but this cannot prevent these parts from springing back after unloading.
The sagging and sagging formed as described above still remain, leading to non-uniformity of the bending ridgeline. In other words, the mechanism of sagging and sagging during hem processing is as described above, and the main cause of sagging at part B in Figure 7 is the bent part A during flange forming.
There is a difference in deformation resistance between the expanded A part and the B part due to the large work hardening of the part, and for this reason, bending of the flange part during the pre-hem process affects the B part and causes sagging. <Means for solving the problem> Therefore, the inventors of the present invention researched measures to prevent defects such as sagging and staining during hem processing from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned research results. After forming a flange on a member, if the bent part and the adjacent part or the entire panel member is heated to remove strain and then hemmed, the difference in deformation resistance near the bent part will be eliminated and sagging will occur. We have come to the conclusion that this will eliminate the occurrence of defective phenomena such as hemming and cracking, and that this alone will enable us to stably obtain bonded products by hemming of sufficiently satisfactory quality. This invention was made based on the above knowledge, and it is said that ``When hemming a steel plate member, first, strain relief annealing is applied to the steel plate member on which the flange part is formed, and then hemming process eliminates sagging, stains, etc. It is characterized by the ability to stably prevent defective phenomena such as involuntary going in and out of bending ridge lines and uneven going in and out. Here, strain relief annealing may be performed only on the bent portion and its vicinity by high-frequency induction heating or the like, or may be performed by heating the entire molded product in a heating furnace or the like. <Function> Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 8 shows the hemming process and the state of the bent part when strain relief annealing is performed before pre-hem processing. Therefore, even during pre-hem processing, the B portion is less likely to sag as shown in b in FIG. Therefore, the subsequent heme process [c to e in Figure 8]
This prevents the formation of sag and sag, and ultimately prevents sagging and sagging. Of course, the coming and going of the face value is also less likely to occur and becomes more uniform. Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples. <Examples> Example 1 A normal cold-rolled steel plate with a thickness of 0.7 mm was prepared, and as an example of the present invention, it was bent by 90 degrees and flanged, and then heated in a heating furnace to 600°C for 30 minutes and bent. Strain relief annealing was performed on the entire hemming section including the parts, and as a conventional example, normal hemming was performed without strain relief annealing. The hemming conditions were as follows. Product dimensions: 0.7mm thick x 100mm long x 150mm wide, flange length: 10mm, 90° bending radius: 0.5mm, pre-hem angle: 45°, molded shape: as shown in Figure 9. Table 1 shows the results of investigating the shape characteristics of the bonded products thus obtained.

【表】 第1表に示される結果からも明らかなように、
本発明に従つた方法によるとダレやシヤクレが皆
無なヘム加工製品が得られるのに対して、従来法
ではダレやシヤクレの目立つた製品しか得られな
いことが分かる。 実施例 2 成形形状を第10図で示すようにしたほかは実
施例1と同様の条件でヘム加工を行い、本発明法
と従来法とによる製品特性を比較した。 この結果を第2表に示す。
[Table] As is clear from the results shown in Table 1,
It can be seen that according to the method according to the present invention, a hemmed product with no sag or stains can be obtained, whereas with the conventional method only products with noticeable sag or stains can be obtained. Example 2 Hemming was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the molded shape was changed to the one shown in FIG. 10, and the product characteristics between the method of the present invention and the conventional method were compared. The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】 第2表に示される結果からも、本発明法による
と従来法で目立つダレやシヤクレを皆無とし得る
ことが明瞭である。 <効果の総括> 以上に説明した如く、この発明によれば、煩雑
な工数の増加や、接合強度、耐食性の劣化を伴う
ことなしにヘム加工時に生じる面品質の劣化を確
実に防止することができ、高品質のヘム加工製品
を安定生産することが可能となるなど、産業上有
用な効果がもたらされるのである。
[Table] From the results shown in Table 2, it is clear that according to the method of the present invention, there is no sagging or staining that is noticeable in the conventional method. <Summary of Effects> As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of surface quality that occurs during hemming without increasing the number of complicated man-hours or deteriorating joint strength and corrosion resistance. This brings about industrially useful effects, such as making it possible to stably produce high-quality heme-processed products.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は、ヘム加工製品例の説明図。第2図
は、通常のヘム加工工程を示す概念図。第3図
は、シヤクレの説明図。第4図は、ダレの説明
図。第5図は、ヘム加工部の曲げ稜線の説明図で
あり、第5図aは斜視図を、そして第5図bは平
面図をそれぞれ示す。第6図は、不良現象防止策
としてフランジに切欠きを入れたものの要部斜視
図。第7図は、従来のヘム加工工程における素材
の挙動を示した概念図。第8図は、本発明に係る
ヘム加工工程での素材の挙動を示した概念図。第
9図は、実施例におけるヘム加工での成形形状を
説明した概略工程図。第10図は、別の実施例に
おけるヘム加工での成形形状を説明した概略工程
図。 図面において、1…アウタパネル、2…インナ
パネル、3…曲げ稜線、4…縮みフランジ。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a hemmed product. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a normal hem processing process. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the shaker. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of sagging. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the bending ridge line of the hemmed portion, FIG. 5 a shows a perspective view, and FIG. 5 b shows a plan view. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the main part of a flange in which a notch is made as a measure to prevent defects. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the behavior of materials in the conventional hemming process. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing the behavior of the material in the hemming process according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic process diagram illustrating the forming shape in hemming in the example. FIG. 10 is a schematic process diagram illustrating the forming shape in hemming in another example. In the drawings, 1...outer panel, 2...inner panel, 3...bending ridgeline, 4...shrinking flange.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 鋼板部材のヘム加工に際して、まずフランジ
部を形成した鋼板部材に歪取り焼鈍を施し、その
後ヘム加工することを特徴とするヘム加工方法。
1. A hemming method characterized in that when hemming a steel plate member, the steel plate member on which a flange portion is formed is first subjected to strain relief annealing, and then hemmed.
JP19778287A 1987-08-07 1987-08-07 Hemming method Granted JPS6440120A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19778287A JPS6440120A (en) 1987-08-07 1987-08-07 Hemming method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19778287A JPS6440120A (en) 1987-08-07 1987-08-07 Hemming method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6440120A JPS6440120A (en) 1989-02-10
JPH0527497B2 true JPH0527497B2 (en) 1993-04-21

Family

ID=16380261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19778287A Granted JPS6440120A (en) 1987-08-07 1987-08-07 Hemming method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6440120A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02280930A (en) * 1989-04-21 1990-11-16 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Hemming method
JP3109815B2 (en) * 1990-05-16 2000-11-20 キヤノン株式会社 Image stable shooting lens system
US5520509A (en) * 1994-12-12 1996-05-28 Staco, Inc. Fan housing
US8042372B2 (en) * 2008-03-14 2011-10-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method of making an automotive closure panel assembly
CN111215499B (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-08-17 东莞市壬鼎模具有限公司 Ultra-thin TV backplate corner equipment of borduring that bends

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6440120A (en) 1989-02-10

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