JPH0525683A - Sliding member - Google Patents

Sliding member

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Publication number
JPH0525683A
JPH0525683A JP20218891A JP20218891A JPH0525683A JP H0525683 A JPH0525683 A JP H0525683A JP 20218891 A JP20218891 A JP 20218891A JP 20218891 A JP20218891 A JP 20218891A JP H0525683 A JPH0525683 A JP H0525683A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alloy
intermediate layer
coating film
sliding
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP20218891A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2657334B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshikazu Fujisawa
義和 藤沢
Makoto Tsuji
誠 辻
Takeshi Narushige
丈志 成重
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP20218891A priority Critical patent/JP2657334B2/en
Publication of JPH0525683A publication Critical patent/JPH0525683A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2657334B2 publication Critical patent/JP2657334B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the orientation of Pb alloy crystals constituting the surface layer in a coating film formed on the surface of a base metal made of an Al alloy. CONSTITUTION:A coating film 4 is constituted of a conductive intermediate layer 6 shielding the surface of a base metal 2 of an Al alloy and a surface layer 7 formed on the surface of the intermediate layer 6 by electroplating treatment. The surface layer 7 has oriented Pd alloy crystals in which the (h00) plane by a Miller Index is directed to the side of the sliding face 7a. The orientation of the Pb alloy crystals is improved by shielding an Al2O3 phase to be a nonconductor on the surface of the base metal 2 by the intermediate layer 6.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は摺動部材、特に、Alま
たはAl合金製母材に、相手部材との摺動面を持つ被覆
膜を設けたものの改良に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a sliding member, in particular, a base material made of Al or Al alloy provided with a coating film having a sliding surface with a mating member.

【0002】この被覆膜は、部材の初期なじみ性を良好
にする等の摺動特性を向上させるために備えられてい
る。
This coating film is provided to improve sliding properties such as improving initial conformability of the member.

【0003】[0003]

【従来の技術】従来、この種摺動部材としては内燃機関
用ピストンが知られている。このピストンにおいては、
Al合金製母材の、例えばスカート部表面が、Sn、P
b等の低融点合金よりなる被覆膜によって覆われてい
る。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a piston for an internal combustion engine has been known as a sliding member of this kind. In this piston,
For example, the skirt surface of the base material made of Al alloy is Sn, P
It is covered with a coating film made of a low melting point alloy such as b.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら内燃機関
が高速、且つ高出力化の傾向にある現在の状況下では、
従来の被覆膜は初期なじみ性およびオイル保持性、つま
り保油性が不十分であるため、焼付き発生面圧の向上等
の要求摺動特性を満たすことができない、という問題が
あった。
However, under the current situation where the internal combustion engine tends to be high speed and high output,
The conventional coating film has a problem that the initial sliding property and the oil retaining property, that is, the oil retaining property is insufficient, and thus it is not possible to satisfy the required sliding properties such as the improvement of the surface pressure at which seizure occurs.

【0005】そこで、本発明者等は、鋭意研鑽を積んだ
結果、被覆膜として、立方晶系に属し、且つミラー指数
で(h00)面を摺動面側に向けた配向性金属結晶を有
する被覆膜を開発した。
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted diligent studies, and as a result, as a coating film, an oriented metal crystal belonging to the cubic system and having a (h00) plane toward the sliding surface side by the Miller index has been studied. Has developed a coating film having.

【0006】このような配向性金属結晶は、四角錐体状
先端部を有する柱状晶を構成し、その先端部が摺動面を
形成することになるので、摺動面が、その表面積を拡大
されて、優れたオイル保持性を有し、また先端部の頂部
側を優先的に摩耗させて初期なじみ性を良好にすること
ができるものである。
Such an oriented metal crystal constitutes a columnar crystal having a quadrangular pyramidal tip portion, and the tip portion forms a sliding surface, so that the sliding surface expands its surface area. As a result, it has an excellent oil retaining property, and preferentially wears the top side of the tip part to improve the initial conformability.

【0007】ところが、この被覆膜は、電気メッキ処理
により形成されるため、Al合金製母材表面に、不導体
であるAl2 3 相が存在すると、金属結晶の配向性が
阻害されて、被覆膜の摺動特性を期待通りに向上させる
ことができない、という問題のあることが判明した。
However, since this coating film is formed by electroplating, if the non-conductive Al 2 O 3 phase is present on the surface of the Al alloy base material, the orientation of the metal crystals is disturbed. It has been found that there is a problem that the sliding characteristics of the coating film cannot be improved as expected.

【0008】本発明は、前記に鑑み、母材表面のAl2
3 相による悪影響を排除して、金属結晶の配向性を向
上させることができるようにした前記摺動部材を提供す
ることを目的とする。
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to Al 2 on the surface of the base material.
It is an object of the present invention to provide the sliding member which can eliminate the adverse effect of the O 3 phase and improve the orientation of the metal crystals.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、AlまたはA
l合金製母材に、相手部材との摺動面を持つ被覆膜を設
けた摺動部材において、前記被覆膜は、前記母材表面を
隠蔽する導電性中間層と、その中間層表面に電気メッキ
処理により形成された表面層とよりなり、その表面層
は、立方晶系に属し、且つミラー指数で(h00)面を
摺動面側に向けた配向性金属結晶を有することを特徴と
する。
The present invention relates to Al or A
In a sliding member in which a base material made of an alloy is provided with a coating film having a sliding surface with a mating member, the coating film is a conductive intermediate layer that hides the surface of the base material, and the surface of the intermediate layer. And a surface layer formed by electroplating, the surface layer having a cubic crystal system and having oriented metal crystals with the (h00) plane facing the sliding surface side according to the Miller index. And

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】図1,図2において、摺動部材である内燃機
関用ピストン1はAl合金製母材2を有し、その母材2
のスカート部3表面に摺動特性を向上させるための被覆
膜4が設けられている。スカート部3は、相手部材であ
るシリンダボア内壁5を摺動する。
1 and 2, a piston 1 for an internal combustion engine, which is a sliding member, has a base material 2 made of Al alloy, and the base material 2
A coating film 4 for improving sliding characteristics is provided on the surface of the skirt portion 3. The skirt portion 3 slides on the inner wall 5 of the cylinder bore, which is a mating member.

【0011】母材2を構成するAl合金としては、Al
−Si系合金(例えば、AC2B材、AC4B材、AC
8B材等)、Al−Mg系合金等が用いられる。
As an Al alloy forming the base material 2, Al
-Si alloy (for example, AC2B material, AC4B material, AC
8B material), an Al-Mg-based alloy, etc. are used.

【0012】被覆膜4は、スカート部3表面を隠蔽する
導電性中間層6と、その中間層6表面に形成されて、シ
リンダボア内壁5との摺動面7aを持つ表面層7とより
構成される。
The coating film 4 comprises a conductive intermediate layer 6 for covering the surface of the skirt portion 3 and a surface layer 7 formed on the surface of the intermediate layer 6 and having a sliding surface 7a with the inner wall 5 of the cylinder bore. To be done.

【0013】中間層6は、Sn、Ni−P合金等を用い
た化学メッキ法、Cu等を用いたアルカリ系ストライク
メッキ法、Zn等を用いたアルカリ系置換法等によって
形成される。このような方法で形成された中間層6は、
スカート部3表面に不導体であるAl2 3 相が存在し
ていても、その表面に大きな密着力を以て付着してAl
2 3 相を隠蔽し、またミクロ的に平滑な平面を形成す
る。
The intermediate layer 6 is formed by a chemical plating method using Sn, Ni-P alloy or the like, an alkaline strike plating method using Cu or the like, an alkaline substitution method using Zn or the like. The intermediate layer 6 formed by such a method is
Even if the non-conductive Al 2 O 3 phase is present on the surface of the skirt portion 3, it adheres to the surface with a large adhesive force and Al
It conceals the 2 O 3 phase and forms a microscopically smooth surface.

【0014】表面層7は、電気メッキ処理により形成さ
れたもので、立方晶系に属する金属結晶の集合体より構
成される。立方晶系には面心立方構造および体心立方構
造が含まれる。
The surface layer 7 is formed by electroplating and is composed of an aggregate of metal crystals belonging to the cubic system. The cubic system includes a face-centered cubic structure and a body-centered cubic structure.

【0015】面心立方構造を有する金属結晶としては、
Pb、Ni、Cu、Al、Ag、Au等の単体結晶およ
び合金結晶を挙げることができ、また体心立方構造を有
する金属結晶としては、Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Ta、
Zr、Nb、V等の単体結晶および合金結晶を挙げるこ
とができる。
As a metal crystal having a face-centered cubic structure,
Pb, Ni, Cu, Al, Ag, Au, and other simple crystals and alloy crystals can be cited. Examples of the metal crystal having a body-centered cubic structure are Fe, Cr, Mo, W, Ta,
Examples thereof include single crystals of Zr, Nb, V and the like, and alloy crystals.

【0016】金属結晶のうち所定のものは、摺動面7a
を形成すべく、ミラー指数で(h00)面を摺動面側に
向ける、といった配向性を有する。この金属結晶の配向
性は、中間層6によるAl2 3 相の隠蔽作用および中
間層6が導電性であることによって向上する。
The predetermined one of the metal crystals is the sliding surface 7a.
In order to form the above, the orientation is such that the (h00) plane is oriented toward the sliding surface side by the Miller index. The orientation of the metal crystals is improved by the concealing action of the Al 2 O 3 phase by the intermediate layer 6 and the conductivity of the intermediate layer 6.

【0017】このように摺動面7aに(h00)面が現
われるように、立方晶系の金属結晶に配向性を持たせる
と、その配向性金属結晶は、図3に示すように、スカー
ト部3から延出する柱状晶8を構成し、その柱状晶8は
摺動面7aを形成する四角錐体状先端部9を有する。
When the cubic metal crystal is oriented so that the (h00) plane appears on the sliding surface 7a as described above, the oriented metal crystal has a skirt portion as shown in FIG. 3, columnar crystals 8 are formed, and the columnar crystals 8 have a quadrangular pyramidal tip 9 forming a sliding surface 7a.

【0018】そして、四角錐体状先端部9の頂点a側を
優先的に摩耗させて表面層7の初期なじみ性を良好に
し、また四角錐体状先端部9により摺動面7aの表面積
を拡大して、その表面層7に十分な保油性を持たせ、こ
れにより表面層7の耐焼付き性を向上させることができ
る。
Then, the apex a side of the quadrangular pyramidal tip 9 is preferentially worn to improve the initial conformability of the surface layer 7, and the quadrangular pyramidal tip 9 increases the surface area of the sliding surface 7a. By enlarging, the surface layer 7 has sufficient oil retaining property, whereby the seizure resistance of the surface layer 7 can be improved.

【0019】また(h00)面配向に伴い、金属結晶が
立方晶系であることから、配向方向における原子密度が
高くなるので、表面層7の硬度を増すと共に前記保油性
を得て、表面層7の耐摩耗性を向上させることができ
る。
Further, since the metal crystals are of the cubic system along with the (h00) plane orientation, the atomic density in the orientation direction becomes high, so that the hardness of the surface layer 7 is increased and the oil retaining property is obtained to obtain the surface layer. The wear resistance of No. 7 can be improved.

【0020】前記のように優秀な摺動特性を得るために
は柱状晶8の傾きが問題となる。
As described above, the inclination of the columnar crystals 8 poses a problem in order to obtain excellent sliding characteristics.

【0021】そこで、図3,図4に示すように四角錐体
状先端部9の底面側に、その先端部9を突出させて摺動
面7aに沿う仮想面Bを規定し、また四角錐体状先端部
9の頂点aと底面中央部cを通る直線dが、底面中央部
cを通り仮想面Bに垂直な基準線eに対してなす傾き角
をθと規定すると、柱状晶8の傾き角θは0°≦θ≦3
0°に設定される。傾き角θがθ>30°になると、表
面層7の保油性および頂点a側の優先的摩耗性が低下し
て表面層7の耐焼付き性および耐摩耗性が低下する。
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tip 9 is projected to the bottom side of the quadrangular pyramidal tip 9 to define an imaginary plane B along the sliding surface 7a. If the straight line d passing through the apex a of the body-shaped tip 9 and the bottom central portion c is defined as θ with respect to the reference line e passing through the bottom central portion c and perpendicular to the virtual plane B, the columnar crystal 8 The tilt angle θ is 0 ° ≦ θ ≦ 3
It is set to 0 °. When the inclination angle θ is θ> 30 °, the oil retaining property of the surface layer 7 and the preferential wear property on the side of the apex are deteriorated, and the seizure resistance and wear resistance of the surface layer 7 are deteriorated.

【0022】以下、具体例について説明する。A specific example will be described below.

【0023】Al合金製母材(AC8B材)2のスカー
ト部3外周面にNi−P合金を用いた化学メッキ処理を
施して導電性中間層6を形成した。
A conductive intermediate layer 6 was formed on the outer peripheral surface of the skirt portion 3 of the Al alloy base material (AC8B material) 2 by chemical plating using a Ni-P alloy.

【0024】次いで、中間層6の表面に電気メッキ処理
を施してPb合金結晶の集合体よりなる表面層7を形成
した。
Then, the surface of the intermediate layer 6 was electroplated to form a surface layer 7 made of an aggregate of Pb alloy crystals.

【0025】電気メッキ処理条件は次の通りである。メ
ッキ浴:1リットル当り110gのPb2+、1リットル
当り10gのSn2+および1リットル当り2.5gのC
2+を含むホウフッ化系メッキ浴;添加剤:有機系添加
剤;メッキ浴温度:25℃;陰極電流密度:6A/dm
2
The electroplating conditions are as follows. Plating bath: 110 g Pb 2+ per liter, 10 g Sn 2+ per liter and 2.5 g C per liter
Borofluoride plating bath containing u 2+ ; additive: organic additive; plating bath temperature: 25 ° C .; cathode current density: 6 A / dm
2 .

【0026】図5は、表面層7におけるPb合金結晶の
X線回折図であり、ピークf1 が(200)面を、また
ピークf2 が(400)面をそれぞれ示す。
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the Pb alloy crystal in the surface layer 7, where peak f 1 indicates the (200) plane and peak f 2 indicates the (400) plane.

【0027】ここで、結晶面の配向性を表わす指数とし
て配向指数Oeを、 (ただし、hklはミラー指数、Ihklは(hkl)
面の積分強度、ΣIhklはIhklの総和)と定義す
ると、或(hkl)面において、その配向指数Oeが1
00%に近ければ近いほど、その(hkl)面と直交す
る方向へ配向した結晶面が多いことになる。
Here, the orientation index Oe is used as an index representing the orientation of the crystal plane, (However, hkl is Miller index, Ihkl is (hkl)
If the integrated intensity of the plane, ΣIhkl, is defined as the sum of Ihkl), the orientation index Oe of the (hkl) plane is 1
The closer it is to 00%, the more crystal planes are oriented in the direction orthogonal to the (hkl) plane.

【0028】前記Pb合金結晶の(200)面および
(400)面における積分強度Ihklおよび配向指数
Oeは表1の通りである。
Table 1 shows the integrated intensity Ihkl and the orientation index Oe in the (200) plane and the (400) plane of the Pb alloy crystal.

【0029】[0029]

【表1】 表1より、Pb合金結晶の(h00)面における配向指
数Oeは100%であり、したがってPb合金結晶は、
結晶軸a,b,cにおいて各軸方向に配向した結晶面、
即ち、(h00)面を持ち、柱状晶8を構成する。
[Table 1] From Table 1, the orientation index Oe in the (h00) plane of the Pb alloy crystal is 100%, and therefore the Pb alloy crystal is
Crystal planes oriented in the respective axis directions on the crystal axes a, b, c
That is, it has a (h00) plane and forms columnar crystals 8.

【0030】図6は、摺動面7aにおけるPb合金の結
晶構造を示す電子顕微鏡写真(10,000倍)であり、図7
は、表面層7を縦断した場合におけるPb合金の結晶構
造を示す電子顕微鏡写真(5,000 倍)である。図6,図
7より、表面層7が柱状晶8の集合体より構成され、ま
た摺動面4aが四角錐体状先端部9の集合体より形成さ
れていることが判る。各柱状晶8の傾き角θは、0°≦
θ≦10°である。
FIG. 6 is an electron micrograph (× 10,000) showing the crystal structure of the Pb alloy on the sliding surface 7a.
3 is an electron micrograph (5,000 times) showing a crystal structure of a Pb alloy when the surface layer 7 is longitudinally cut. 6 and 7, it can be seen that the surface layer 7 is composed of an aggregate of columnar crystals 8 and the sliding surface 4a is formed of an aggregate of quadrangular pyramidal tip portions 9. The tilt angle θ of each columnar crystal 8 is 0 ° ≦
θ ≦ 10 °.

【0031】図8は、導電性中間層6の材質と、表面層
7、したがってPb合金結晶の(h00)面における配
向指数Oeとの関係を示す。中間層6をNi−P合金よ
り構成したものは、前記実施例に該当する。また中間層
6において、その材質がCuの場合はアルカリ系ストラ
イクメッキ法により、Snの場合は化学メッキ法によ
り、Znの場合はアルカリ系置換法によりそれぞれ形成
されたものである。
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the material of the conductive intermediate layer 6 and the orientation index Oe of the surface layer 7, and hence the (h00) plane of the Pb alloy crystal. The intermediate layer 6 made of a Ni-P alloy corresponds to the above-mentioned embodiment. In the intermediate layer 6, when the material is Cu, it is formed by an alkaline strike plating method, when it is Sn, it is formed by a chemical plating method, and when it is Zn, it is formed by an alkaline substitution method.

【0032】図8から明らかなように、Ni−P合金等
よりなる導電性中間層6を用いることによって、中間層
無しの場合に比べ、前記配向指数Oeを高めると共にそ
のばらつきを小さくすることができる。
As is apparent from FIG. 8, by using the conductive intermediate layer 6 made of a Ni--P alloy or the like, the orientation index Oe can be increased and its variation can be reduced as compared with the case without the intermediate layer. it can.

【0033】本発明摺動部材には、前記ピストンの外
に、例えばロータハウジング内周面に被覆膜を有するオ
イルポンプ、シリンダボア内壁面に被覆膜を有するシリ
ンダブロック、側面に被覆膜を有するバルブリフタ等が
包含される。また母材はAlより構成されていてもよ
い。
In the sliding member of the present invention, an oil pump having a coating film on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor housing, a cylinder block having a coating film on the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore, and a coating film on the side surface are provided outside the piston. The valve lifter which has it is included. The base material may be made of Al.

【0034】[0034]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、被覆膜の構造を前記の
ように特定することによって、その中間層により、表面
層における金属結晶の前記配向性を向上させた摺動部材
を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, the structure of the coating film is specified as described above, thereby providing the sliding member in which the intermediate layer improves the orientation of the metal crystals in the surface layer. be able to.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】ピストンの側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of a piston.

【図2】図1の2−2線断面図である。2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

【図3】表面層の要部概略斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a main part of a surface layer.

【図4】柱状晶の傾き角測定法を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a tilt angle measuring method for columnar crystals.

【図5】表面層におけるPb合金結晶のX線回折図であ
る。
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of Pb alloy crystals in the surface layer.

【図6】摺動面におけるPb合金の結晶構造を示す顕微
鏡写真である。
FIG. 6 is a micrograph showing a crystal structure of a Pb alloy on a sliding surface.

【図7】表面層を縦断した場合におけるPb合金の結晶
構造を示す顕微鏡写真である。
FIG. 7 is a micrograph showing a crystal structure of a Pb alloy when a surface layer is longitudinally cut.

【図8】中間層の材質とPb合金結晶の(h00)面に
おける配向指数との関係を示すグラフである。
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the material of the intermediate layer and the orientation index on the (h00) plane of the Pb alloy crystal.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

2 母材 4 被覆膜 6 導電性中間層 7 表面層 7a 摺動面 2 Base material 4 Coating film 6 Conductive intermediate layer 7 Surface layer 7a Sliding surface

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 AlまたはAl合金製母材(2)に、相
手部材(5)との摺動面(7a)を持つ被覆膜(4)を
設けた摺動部材において、前記被覆膜(4)は、前記母
材(2)表面を隠蔽する導電性中間層(6)と、その中
間層(6)表面に電気メッキ処理により形成された表面
層(7)とよりなり、その表面層(7)は、立方晶系に
属し、且つミラー指数で(h00)面を摺動面側に向け
た配向性金属結晶を有することを特徴とする摺動部材。
Claims: 1. A sliding member comprising a base material (2) made of Al or an Al alloy, and a coating film (4) having a sliding surface (7a) with a mating member (5). In the above, the coating film (4) comprises a conductive intermediate layer (6) for concealing the surface of the base material (2), and a surface layer (7) formed on the surface of the intermediate layer (6) by electroplating. The sliding member is characterized in that the surface layer (7) has an oriented metal crystal that belongs to the cubic system and has the (h00) plane facing the sliding surface side in terms of the Miller index.
JP20218891A 1991-07-18 1991-07-18 Sliding member Expired - Fee Related JP2657334B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20218891A JP2657334B2 (en) 1991-07-18 1991-07-18 Sliding member

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20218891A JP2657334B2 (en) 1991-07-18 1991-07-18 Sliding member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0525683A true JPH0525683A (en) 1993-02-02
JP2657334B2 JP2657334B2 (en) 1997-09-24

Family

ID=16453425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20218891A Expired - Fee Related JP2657334B2 (en) 1991-07-18 1991-07-18 Sliding member

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2657334B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06323110A (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd Sliding surface structural body

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06323110A (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd Sliding surface structural body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2657334B2 (en) 1997-09-24

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