JPH0525346Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to the miniaturization of a device that integrates a fluid retarder and a parking brake for use in buses, trucks, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Generally speaking, there are three types of braking devices for automobiles: a service brake, a parking brake, and a deceleration device depending on the purpose of use. Among these, the service brake is a foot-operated brake that brakes each wheel simultaneously and is used to decelerate or stop the vehicle. There are two types of parking brakes: one is a manual brake that operates the same device as the rear wheel service brake but is operated by a separate transmission mechanism, and the other is a mechanical center brake that is attached to the transmission or propeller shaft and used for parking. It can also be used as an auxiliary brake when the service brake fails or as a stopping brake in an emergency.

Generally, a dual-servo type drum brake is used for such parking brakes, and this is a brake drum that rotates together with the axle, and two brake shoes with a lining attached to a half-moon-shaped member are connected by a link. By operating a lever, the shoe is pressed against the brake drum to stop the rotation of the axle.

Decelerators are used on large trucks and buses, and when going down a long slope, they are used because if only the regular brake is used, there is a risk that braking performance will decrease due to heat generation in the friction part of the brake.Exhaust brake, fluid brake There are type retarders, electromagnetic retarders, etc. Among these, fluid-type retarders (hereinafter simply referred to as retarders) exhibit favorable characteristics as reduction gears, in that the horsepower they absorb increases rapidly as the rotational speed increases, and are incorporated into transmissions and rear wheel drive devices. Often.

The main body of the retarder is fixed radially around the axle 33 as shown in FIG. A blade chamber 3 is provided, and stator blades 5 are formed in the blade chamber 3 and fixed to the blade chamber case 34 in opposition to the rotor blades 7. When operating the retarder, the rotor blades 7 in the blade chamber 3 and the stator are formed. Cooling oil C is supplied to opposing parts of the blades 5, and the rotor blades 7 rotate.
This energy is transferred as heat to the circulating cooling oil to slow it down.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

A device has been developed that saves space by integrating the above-mentioned parking brake and fluid retarder. The configuration has separate installation locations for each, which reduces the space-saving effect by half, and there has been a strong desire to integrate these into one.

[Means for solving problems]

With this in mind, as a result of various studies, we have developed a clutch cylinder and cam lever for a hydraulic retarder with a parking brake that can further save space. A housing is provided integrally with a transmission case or other fixing member to form a blade chamber of a donut-shaped cylindrical fluid retarder, and a stator blade is fixed within the blade chamber, and a drive shaft or propeller shaft is inserted through the housing. A rotor blade that is integral with the cylinder and faces the stator blade is provided at one end of the blade chamber of a rotary cylindrical body that can freely rotate around the cylinder body, and a rotor blade is provided at one end of the blade chamber that is integral with the cylinder body and faces the stator blade. Cooling oil is supplied and discharged from the other end, and a donut-shaped disc-shaped clutch plate is provided integrally with the cylindrical body at one end outside the blade chamber of the cylindrical body, and is perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the drive shaft or propeller shaft. A disc-shaped clutch cover portion of a clutch cover that also serves as a drum-shaped brake drum that rotates integrally with the drive shaft or propeller shaft is provided on the anti-retarder side of the clutch plate, and a ring is provided on the retarder side of the clutch plate. A pressure plate is connected to a plurality of clutch pistons through a shaped clutch bearing, and is moved by the clutch pistons in parallel with the rotation center axis to turn on and off the clutches, thereby operating and stopping the fluid retarder. By engaging the parking brake cam lever with one end of the two half-moon-shaped brake shoes installed on the inner surface of the cylindrical brake drum part of the brake drum-cum-clutch cover and operating the cam lever,
In a hydraulic retarder with a parking brake that generates braking force by internally expanding the brake shoe and pressing the inner surface of the brake drum part, one of the clutch cylinders of the same number as the plurality of clutch pistons provided integrally with the housing. The clutch cylinder is formed above a vertical line passing through the rotation center of the drive shaft or propeller shaft, and the cylindrical outer periphery of the clutch cylinder is used as the rotation axis of the parking brake cam lever.

[Effect]

The cylinder of the clutch piston is integrally formed in the housing of the fluid type retarder, and the cylindrical outer periphery of the clutch cylinder, which is placed above the vertical line passing through the center of rotation of the drive shaft, etc., is used as the rotation axis of the cam lever for the parking brake. This is because these devices can be stored compactly by making effective use of the internal space formed by the drum-shaped brake drum/clutch cover. With this configuration, there is more space and the brake shoe can be stored more easily. Various shapes can also be applied.

Furthermore, by arranging one of the plurality of clutch cylinders and the cam lever at the uppermost position, the ability of air to escape from the hydraulic circuit within the clutch cylinder is improved, and the drag performance of the cam is also improved.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained in detail using examples.

As shown in FIG. 1, a housing having a transmission case 2 around which a drive shaft 1 passes is used as one side plate to form a donut-shaped cylindrical blade chamber 3 of a retarder around the drive shaft 1. 4, and as shown in FIG. 3, stator blades 5 are formed radially in the blade chamber 3 of the housing 4 around the rotation center line A of the drive shaft 1, and the drive shaft 1 faces the stator blades 5. The housing 4 is rotatable around the
A fixed rotor blade 7 is provided at one end of the rotary cylindrical body 6 inside the blade chamber 3 passing through between the rotary cylindrical body 6 and the drive shaft 1, and the rotation center line A of the drive shaft 1 is A donut-like disk-shaped clutch plate 8 is fixed at right angles to the .

On the retarder side of the clutch plate 8, four claws 9 are provided in the shape of a donut-shaped disc and protrude from four locations on the outer edge of the clutch plate 8 toward the opposite side of the retarder, straddling the outer edge of the clutch plate 8, and connect the drive shaft at corresponding positions. A pressure plate 12 into which the pawl 9 is inserted is provided oppositely in a through hole 11 formed in a disk-shaped clutch cover portion 10a of a drum-shaped brake drum-cum-clutch cover 10 that rotates integrally with the clutch cover 10. The anti-clutch plate side of the pressure plate 12 is connected via a ring-shaped clutch bearing 13 to clutch pistons 14a, 14b, 14c.
are formed integrally with the housing 4 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and have a cylindrical clutch cylinder 14a whose center is on a vertical line passing through the rotation center B of the drive shaft 1, and the cylinder 14a. can slide in the same direction as the rotation center line A of the drive shaft 1 within cylindrical clutch cylinders 14b and 14c whose centers are 120° apart from each other around the rotation center B of the drive shaft 1 on both sides of the drive shaft 1. Further, a coil spring 15 is wound around each pawl 9, and when the clutch is disengaged, the pressure plate 12 is separated from the clutch plate 8 by the force of this spring, and conversely, when the clutch is engaged, the pressure plate 12 is separated from the clutch plate 8 by hydraulic pressure. The clutch piston 14 resists the spring force.
This structure is such that the pressure plate 12 is pressed against the clutch plate 8 by operating the clutch plates 14a, 14b, and 14c.

Further, a disc-shaped clutch cover part 10a is provided on the side opposite to the retarder of the clutch plate 8, and a cylindrical brake drum part 10b, which extends from the outer edge of the clutch cover part 10a toward the retarder side, has a groove on its inner surface. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a half-moon-shaped brake shoe 1 is L-shaped in cross section and divided into two by a vertical line passing through the rotation center B of the drive shaft 1.
Linings 17, 17 fixed to the cylindrical shoes 16a, 16a of 6, 16 are provided oppositely, and the shoes 16
The webs 16b, 16b supporting the webs 16b, 16a have one lower end connected to the coil spring 18 and an adjuster gear 19, and the other upper end connected to the cylinder of the clutch cylinder 20a whose center is on a vertical line passing through the rotation center B of the drive shaft 1. Cam 2 of a cam lever 21 for a parking brake whose rotation axis is the outer periphery of the shape
2, and by rotating the cam lever 21 to either the left or right in FIG. 1 stops rotating. When returning the cam lever 21 to its original position, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the anchor pins 23, 23 formed integrally with the housing 4 and the brake shoe
6, 16 are connected to the return spring 24,
24 acts to quickly return the cam lever 21.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 25 indicates a hold-down anchor that engages the hold-down spring 26.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, such a hydraulic retarder with a parking brake supplies cooling oil C into the retarder blade chamber 3 from the cooling oil C supply port 27, and the retarder 28 is operated by a clutch. The cooling oil C is discharged from the discharge port 29, and the temperature of the high-temperature cooling oil C is lowered by using the radiator lower tank 30 or a separate oil cooler, and the cooling oil C is circulated and used. In addition, in Figure 4, 3
0 is a cooling fan, 31 is an engine, and 32 is a transmission.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to the present invention, the parking brake and the fluid retarder can be integrated in a compact manner, resulting in significant practical effects such as saving space and improving the performance of the clutch cylinder and parking brake cam.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a view taken from the Y direction on the line X-X' in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 A, B, and C show the housing. A is a cross-sectional view, B is a left side view of A, C is a right side view of A, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing how the fluid retarder is used, and Fig. 5 is a side showing a conventional fluid retarder. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Drive shaft, 2... Transmission case, 3... Vane chamber, 4... Housing, 5... Stator blade, 6... Rotating cylindrical body, 7
...Rotor blade, 8...Clutch plate, 9...
... Pawl, 10 ... Clutch cover that also serves as brake drum, 10a ... Clutch cover part, 10b ... Brake drum part, 11 ... Through hole, 12 ... Pressure plate, 13 ... Clutch bearing,
14a, 14b, 14c...clutch piston,
15... Coil spring, 16... Brake shoe, 16a... Shoe, 16b... Web, 1
7... Lining, 18... Coil spring, 19...
...Aziaster gear, 20a, 20b, 20c...
Clutch cylinder, 21...Cam lever, 22
...Cam, 23...Anchor pin, 24...Return spring, 25...Hold down anchor, 26...Show hold down spring,
27... Supply port, 28... Fluid retarder with parking brake, 29... Discharge port, 30... Cooling fan, 31... Engine, 32... Transmission, 33... Axle, 34... Vane case ,
A...Rotation center line, B...Rotation center, C...Cooling oil.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A housing that forms a blade chamber of a donut-shaped cylindrical fluid retarder is provided around the drive shaft or propeller shaft protruding from the transmission case, and is integrated with the transmission case or other fixed member, and a stator is installed in the blade chamber. A rotor blade is provided at one end of the blade chamber of a rotary cylindrical body which has blades fixed therein and is rotatable around the drive shaft or propeller shaft by penetrating the housing and is integral with the cylindrical body and faces the stator blade, Cooling oil is supplied from one end of the blade chamber and discharged from the other end by the self-pumping action of the blade or by a separate pump, and a donut-shaped disc-shaped clutch plate is provided at one end of the cylindrical body outside the blade chamber integrally with the cylindrical body. is provided perpendicularly to the rotation center axis of the drive shaft or propeller shaft, and on the opposite side of the clutch plate is a disc-shaped clutch cover of a drum-shaped clutch cover that also serves as a brake drum and rotates integrally with the drive shaft or propeller shaft. On the other hand, the retarder side of the clutch plate is connected to a plurality of clutch pistons via ring-shaped clutch bearings, and the clutch pistons move parallel to the rotational center axis to turn the clutch on and off, thereby supplying fluid. A pressure plate for actuating and stopping the retarder is installed oppositely, and parking is provided at one end of two half-moon-shaped brake shoes installed oppositely on the inner surface of the cylindrical brake drum part of the brake drum-cum-clutch cover. In a hydraulic retarder with a parking brake, which engages a brake cam lever and operates the cam lever, the brake shoe expands internally and presses the inner surface of the brake drum part to generate braking force. One of the clutch cylinders of the same number as a plurality of clutch pistons is formed above the vertical line passing through the rotation center of the drive shaft or propeller shaft, and the cylindrical outer periphery of the clutch cylinder is connected to the rotation of the parking brake cam lever. A clutch cylinder and cam lever of a fluid type retarder with a parking brake, characterized by having a shaft.