JPH05230806A - Snow cover preventive road - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a snow preventive effect in a simple work by forming a surface layer in a water impermeable pavement, constructing a base layer or a subbase course out of natural stones and so on having high porosity, and heating this layer by means of geothermy and so on. CONSTITUTION:A base layer or a subbase course 2 being a layer under a surface layer is constructed by means of natural stones or natural stone shape articles, and a porosity of this layer is set equal to or more than 10% per 1m<3>. The surface layer is formed in a resinous pavement 1 or in the other water impermeable pavement. Rubble stones 4 or crushed stones are preferable as the natural stones to be used in this construction, and concrete blocks, iron and steel slugs, metal products or synthetic resin products are preferable as the natural stone shape articles. A grain diameter of the natural stones or the natural stone shape articles is preferable to be 10-150mm. Next, this base layer or the subbase course is heated by means of geothermy or a fermenting heat generated by compost. In the daytime, a solar heat is accumulated in an air layer 5 in the subbase course 2, and at night, this heat is transmitted to the surface layer, so that a road surface temperature can be maintained to be more than a freezing temperature.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a snow-prevention road in which the surface layer of a road is kept at a constant temperature or higher day and night so that the snow falling on the surface of the road is melted to prevent snow accumulation. ..

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Road structures for melting snow falling on the road surface are roughly classified into the following four types.

The first method is to dispose a stationary heating source in the lower part of the road. A pipe is embedded in the middle layer of the road, and hot water or hot air is passed through the pipe to heat the road surface, and snow on the road surface is heated. Is designed to melt.

The second method is to provide a sprinkler on the road, and dispose a sprinkler nozzle or pipe at the center of the road or at the end of the road, and sprinkle water or warm water on the road surface from there. It is designed to thaw snow on the road surface.

The third method is to embed a heat storage material or the like in the road surface layer or the middle layer portion, and use the heat storage material or the like under the road surface layer to absorb the daytime solar heat and to save the road at night. The surface is warmed to prevent snowfall.

The fourth method is to embed a concrete block box culvert under the road surface, store the liquid in the box culvert, and heat the liquid to circulate it to warm the road surface.

[0007]

The first method having a stationary heating source not only requires a great deal of labor and cost to install such equipment, but also for heating the road. It requires an energy source and is not easy to maintain. Therefore, although it is effective for a limited area such as a parking lot, it is not suitable for general road applications.

The second method using a sprinkling nozzle or the like is simpler in installation work than the first method having a stationary heating source, but the periodical method is used to prevent clogging of the nozzles. Maintenance is required, and since the nozzles project above the road surface, it easily obstructs traffic and sprinkles water on pedestrians, which also impedes pedestrian traffic. Moreover, water must be sent during the snowfall period, which is a great burden on the cost. In addition, when using groundwater, it may cause subsidence and cause social problems.

The third method in which the surface layer of the road is heated by using a heat storage material or the like by utilizing solar heat is effective as a way of thinking because it does not cost any money to melt snow. But,
In terms of the effect of actually melting the snow, it is much inferior to the above two methods, and the actual situation is that it cannot be put to practical use.

On the other hand, a fourth type in which a liquid is stored in a box culvert made of concrete block and the liquid is heated and circulated.
Although the method of (1) can be expected to have the effect of melting snow, concrete blocks are generally easily eroded and destroyed by water, etc., and in order to prevent this, special care must be taken regarding the liquid to be circulated, which is troublesome. is there. In addition, in order to prevent leakage, meticulous care and a special construction method were required for the construction, and the pavement itself required a great deal of labor and cost, unlike ordinary pavement. Therefore, at present, it is not suitable for use on ordinary roads.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, when a liquid such as water is used as a heat transfer medium, road construction is difficult to prevent leakage, and corrosion and erosion of pipes, box culverts, etc. In order to prevent it, it is necessary to strictly control water quality, which is difficult for maintenance. Therefore, it is preferable not to use a liquid as the heat transfer medium. Therefore, if air is used as the heat transfer medium, there is no need to worry about leakage, so the construction is simple and the subsequent management of water quality management is also unnecessary.

If an energy source that is inexpensive and does not require maintenance work can be used,
It is also possible to improve the snow melting effect. If such a paving work can be performed in the same process as a normal paving work at the time of paving the road, it can be used for general roads and the range of use will be expanded.

On the other hand, if a pavement structure capable of effectively storing daytime solar heat and radiating it during the night to prevent snow cover is provided, it will be very good without operating cost.

Therefore, the snowfall prevention road according to the present invention is
The base layer or roadbed, which is a layer below the surface layer, is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone shaped product, and the porosity of this layer is set to 10% or more per cubic m.

Further, the base layer or roadbed which is a layer below the surface layer is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone shaped article, and the porosity of this layer is set to 10% or more per cubic m, and the surface layer is paved with resin or impermeable to water. It is paved.

[0016]

With the porosity of 10% or more, continuous ventilation holes are secured, and air circulates as a heat transfer medium in the roadbed or base layer immediately below the surface layer to transfer the heat of the roadbed or base layer to the surface layer. It will be.

When the porosity is small, the air cannot be circulated sufficiently, so that the porosity of 10% or more per unit volume is required. Conventionally, the porosity of the roadbed and the base layer below the surface layer is about 3 to 6%, and with such a porosity, air cannot circulate in the roadbed or the base layer, so that the effect as a heat transfer medium cannot be exhibited. That is, if the porosity is 10% or less, it is not possible to secure sufficient continuous vents through which air can circulate.

By supplying heat from the fermentation of the compost to the air layer, the heat of the air layer is transmitted to the surface of the air layer to heat the surface layer, thereby melting the snow on the surface layer. Then, the fermented compost can be effectively used thereafter, and becomes very inexpensive as an energy bill.

When geothermal heat is supplied to the air layer to heat the air layer, the heat is transmitted to the air layer to heat the surface layer. Since the infinite geothermal energy is used as an energy source, the surface layer can be constantly maintained at a certain temperature or higher, and snow on the road surface can be prevented.

On the other hand, it is possible to store daytime solar heat by forming voids in the base layer or roadbed which is a layer below the surface layer and providing an air layer, and by gradually releasing this heat at night. By heating the surface layer and maintaining the surface temperature of the surface layer above the freezing temperature, snow is prevented. The presence of the air layer heats the base layer or the roadbed during the daytime, and conversely warms the surface layer at night.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a snow cover road according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [Example 1] Referring to FIG. 1, 1 is a resin pavement serving as a surface layer, 2 is a roadbed under the surface layer, and 3 is a roadbed.

As the resin pavement 1, any known material can be used as long as it is heat permeable. For example, a mixture of epoxy resin and aggregate (particle diameter 6 mm) in a ratio of 3: 7 (volume ratio) is used.
Paved to a thickness of 3 cm.

The roadbed 2 is made by mixing a boulder stone 4 having a diameter of about 5 cm with a binder so as to be sprinkled with 3% (weight ratio), and laying it to a thickness of 30 cm. By roughly arranging the sizes of the cobblestones 4, it is possible to secure a gap between the cobblestones 4 by simply laying them. The roadbed 2 has such a structure that the porosity of the air layer 5 is 1
It can be about 25% per cubic meter. The roadbed 3 is constructed in the same manner as a conventional general structure.

When the resin pavement 1 is performed, if an epoxy resin sheet is first laid on the surface of the roadbed 2, it is possible to prevent the resin from flowing into the roadbed 2, so that a larger air layer can be formed. 5 can be secured. Further, other materials can be used as long as they do not interfere with the heat transfer effect or the physical strength of the surface layer.

With such a structure, since the surface resin pavement 1 is heat-permeable, solar heat is transferred to the roadbed 2 below the resin pavement 1 during the daytime. When the heat is transferred to the roadbed 2, the heat is absorbed in the roadbed 2. Here, since a large amount of air layer 5 having a large porosity of the roadbed 2 is formed, a large amount of heat is stored in the air layer 5.

At night, when the outside air temperature decreases and the temperature of the resin pavement 1 on the surface decreases, the temperature of the roadbed 2 becomes higher than that of the resin pavement 1, and the heat accumulated in the air layer 5 gradually becomes the resin. It is transmitted to the pavement 1, the temperature of the surface of the resin pavement 1 is maintained at the freezing temperature or higher, and snow can be prevented.

Since the surface resin pavement 1 is water impermeable, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the air layer 5, so that the air layer 5 having a high heat transfer effect is always secured.

[Embodiment 2] Referring to FIG.
Reference numeral 6 is an asphalt pavement serving as a surface layer, 7 is a base layer below the surface layer, and 3 is a roadbed.

If the asphalt pavement 6 is impermeable,
Known materials can be used, and the thickness thereof may be the same as usual,
For example, it is 5 cm.

The base layer 7 is formed by laying a steel slag 8 having a diameter of about 1 cm and laying it to a thickness of 50 cm. By roughly aligning the sizes of the steel slags 8, it is possible to secure gaps between the steel slags 8 by simply laying them.
The base layer 7 has such a structure so that the air layer 5
The porosity can be about 30% per cubic meter. The roadbed 3 is constructed in the same manner as a conventional general structure.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a composting heat-generating tank provided on the road shoulder, which has a diameter of 10 in order to transfer the heat generated in the heat-generating tank 9 to the base layer 7.
cm pipes 10 are provided in the base layer 7 at 90 cm intervals in the front-back direction.
It is arranged near the lower layer surface. A ventilation tube 11 extending to the ground surface is provided on the road shoulder on the side opposite to the heat generating tank 9. The pipe 10 may be provided with a small hole for ventilation at a desired position in some cases.

Then, put chicken dung and horse dung in the heating tank 9,
Fermented to make compost. Then, a fermentation heat of about 70 ° C. is generated. Then, the fermentation heat is transferred to the base layer 7 through the pipe 10. Then, the air layer 5 in the base layer 7 is warmed by this heat, and as a result, the asphalt pavement 6 is warmed.
Then, the surface temperature of the asphalt pavement 6 is kept at 5 ° C. or higher all the time, and snow can be prevented.

Since the surface asphalt pavement 1 is water impermeable, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the air layer 5, so that the air layer 5 is always secured.

Also, since chicken manure, horse manure, etc. are fermented into compost in about 2 to 4 weeks, it is possible to continuously heat the road by replacing these composts, and at the same time, to complete the compost. By selling it, you can reduce running costs.

[Embodiment 3] Referring to FIG.
6 is the asphalt pavement that is the surface layer, 2 is the roadbed under the surface layer, and 3 is the roadbed.

The asphalt pavement 6 may be a known one as long as it is water-impermeable as in Example 2, and the thickness thereof may be the same as usual, for example, 4 cm.

The roadbed 2 is a crushed stone 12 having a diameter of about 15 cm.
The mixture is mixed with 4% (weight ratio) of a binder and spread over a thickness of 40 cm and leveled. Crushed stone 1
By arranging the sizes of 2 roughly, a gap can be secured between the crushed stones 12 simply by laying them. Roadbed 2
With such a structure, the air layer 5 in the roadbed 2
The porosity can be about 28% per cubic meter. The roadbed 3 is constructed in the same manner as a conventional general structure.

Reference numeral 13 is an underground heat connecting pipe for taking out geothermal heat, and a pipe having a diameter of 20 cm is 120 c in the front-back direction.
At m intervals and 120 cm intervals in the left-right direction, one end is the roadbed 2
It is opened inside and buried up to a depth of 300 cm in the ground.

However, about 2 to 3 m underground, about 8 ° C to 12 ° C.
This heat is transferred to the roadbed 2 through the pipe 13 because the temperature is maintained at a substantially constant temperature of about ° C. Then, the air layer 5 in the roadbed 2 is warmed by this heat, and as a result, the asphalt pavement 6 is warmed. And asphalt pavement 6
The surface temperature is kept at 5 ° C or higher all the time, and snow can be prevented. Since geothermal heat is used as a heat source, it is an unlimited energy source, and once installed, no fuel cost is required and maintenance work is not required.

As the construction material for the roadbed 2 and the base layer 7, in addition to the above-mentioned materials, a concrete block formed in an appropriate shape or a plastic material formed in an appropriate shape can be used. In any case, regardless of what kind of material is used, the work can be completed and necessary voids can be secured just by laying it appropriately like the conventional stones.

When it is desired to reduce the porosity, the porosity can be reduced by mixing large and small crushed stones or crushed stones. On the other hand, when it is desired to increase the porosity, it is possible to increase the porosity by using a concrete block or a hollow material having a large hollow portion formed of a plastic material or the like.

[0042]

As described above, according to the snow-prevention road of the present invention, the base layer or the roadbed, which is the layer below the surface layer, is constructed of natural stone or a natural stone-shaped article, and the porosity of this layer is 1 or less. Since it is set to 10% or more per cubic meter, heat can be efficiently transferred through the voids, heat can be stored in the pavement, and the surface layer can be heated, so that snow can be prevented and By using natural stone or a natural stone-shaped product for the layer under the surface layer, it is possible to form a void portion without requiring a special material or a special construction method, so that the construction can be performed very easily.

Further, since the base layer or roadbed, which is the layer below the surface layer, is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone shaped product, the porosity of this layer is set to 10% or more per cubic meter, and the surface layer is made of resin pavement. The solar heat can be transmitted through the surface layer and stored in the void portion, and by radiating this heat at night, the surface layer can be heated and snow can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a snow cover road according to the present invention.
It is sectional drawing of what made the surface layer resin pavement.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a snow-prevention road according to the present invention.
It is sectional drawing of what used the fermentation heat by a compost.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a snow cover road according to the present invention.
It is a sectional view of what used geothermal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Resin pavement 2 Roadbed 3 Roadbed 4 Kuriishi 5 Air layer 6 Asphalt pavement 7 Base layer 8 Steel slag 9 Heating tank 10 Pipe 11 Ventilator 12 Crushed stone 13 Pipe

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A snow-prevention road characterized in that a base layer or roadbed, which is a layer below the surface layer, is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone-shaped product, and the porosity of this layer is 10% or more per cubic m. 2. A base layer or roadbed, which is a layer below the surface layer, is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone-shaped product, and the porosity of this layer is 1
A snow-prevention road characterized by having a surface of 10% or more per cubic meter and a non-permeable pavement. 3. A base layer or roadbed which is a layer below the surface layer is constructed from natural stone or a natural stone shaped article, and the porosity of this layer is 1
A snow-prevention road with a surface pavement of 10% or more per cubic meter and resin pavement. 4. The snow-prevention road according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the natural stone is crushed stone or crushed stone. 5. The snow-prevention road according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the natural stone-shaped product is a concrete block, a steel slag, a metal product, or a synthetic resin product. 6. The particle size of natural stone or natural stone shaped article is 10.
The snow-preventing road according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which has a size of mm to 150 mm. 7. A snow-prevention road according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a base layer or a roadbed which is a layer below the surface layer is heated by geothermal heat. 8. The snow cover road according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the base layer or roadbed, which is a layer below the surface layer, is heated by the fermentation heat of the compost. 9. The snowfall prevention road according to claim 1, wherein a binder is used in constructing a layer below the surface layer from natural stone or a natural stone-shaped article.