JPH05230475A - Gasoline composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title composition having high octane value calorific value without causing any increase in the aromatic content by using a specified compound as the essential constituent. CONSTITUTION:The title composition contains as the essential constituent at least one compound having a seven- or eight-membered ring in the molecule and at least three unsaturated bonds in the cyclic structure (e.g. 1,3,5- cycloheptatriene).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gasoline composition, and more particularly to a gasoline composition which is particularly useful as a fuel for automobiles and other internal combustion engines and has a high octane number and a calorific value.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art High octane number and high calorific value are desired for gasoline for internal combustion engines, especially for automobiles. Conventionally, gasoline with a high octane number has been produced by blending tetraethyl lead, but now blending is prohibited due to pollution problems caused by lead.

Generally, by adjusting the refining process,
It is known that gasoline with a considerably high octane number can be obtained, and various proposals have been made, but such adjustment has a limit, and further, the basic principle of the adjustment is that the aromatic component is mainly increased. Therefore, similarly to the pollution problem caused by lead, there is a concern about pollution caused by release of aromatic compounds into the atmosphere. Further, in recent years, blending of gasoline such as methanol and methyl tertiary butyl ether, which are effective in reducing exhaust gas pollution, has been proposed. Although the proposal is effective in improving the octane number of gasoline, it has a drawback that the calorific value of gasoline is reduced.

The octane numbers of various gasoline materials were reported by ASTM in the 1950s (API
Research Project 45) has just been issued. The ASTM report is very extensive,
Accurate and valuable, but one for each compound
Since only the measured values under the compounding conditions are reported, it is not possible to know the change in octane number behavior due to the compounding.

[0005]

An object of the present invention is to provide a gasoline composition having a high octane number and a high calorific value.

[0006]

According to the present invention, at least one compound having a 7-membered ring or 8-membered ring in the molecule and having 3 or more unsaturated bonds in the ring structure is essential. Provided is a gasoline composition characterized by containing it as a component.

The contents of the present invention will be described in more detail below.

The gasoline composition of the present invention is a compound having a 7-membered ring or 8-membered ring in the molecule as an essential component and having 3 or more unsaturated bonds in the ring structure (hereinafter referred to as a cyclopolyene compound). ) Is included. Examples of the cyclopolyene compound include cycloheptatriene, cyclooctatriene, cyclooctatetraene, and hydrocarbon compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms thereof are substituted with a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like. When used, they can be used alone or as a mixture. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group and the like. And an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group, a propenyl group and a butenyl group; and a group forming a ring represented by the following structural formula 1.

[0009]

[Chemical 1]

The boiling point of the cyclopolyene compound is JI
It is preferably within the boiling range of gasoline specified in SK 2202. Therefore, the total number of carbon atoms of the cyclopolyene compound is preferably 12 or less, and specifically, for example, 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, 1,
3,5-Cyclooctatriene, 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-cycloheptatriene and the like can be particularly preferably used.

In the gasoline composition of the present invention, the content of the above-mentioned cyclopolyene compound which is an essential component is optional and is not particularly limited, but preferably 2 to 18% by volume based on the total amount of the composition, Preferably 5 to 15
Volume%. If the content is less than 2% by volume, the effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 18% by volume, the effect is saturated and the gum content in gasoline increases, which is not preferable.
The hydrocarbon fraction usually used as a gasoline base material does not substantially contain the cyclopolyene compound of the present invention.

In the gasoline composition of the present invention, in addition to the cyclopolyene compound, a compounding material used for ordinary gasoline can be appropriately prepared. Examples of the blending material include naphtha fraction, cracked gasoline obtained by catalytic cracking method / hydrocracking method, reformed gasoline obtained by catalytic reforming method, polymerized gasoline obtained by polymerization of olefin, isobutane, etc. Examples thereof include alkylate, isomerate, de-n-paraffin oil obtained by adding (alkylating) a lower olefin to hydrocarbon, or a fraction of these specific ranges or aromatic hydrocarbon. The gasoline composition obtained at this time is JIS K 2202.
It is preferable to meet the automotive gasoline standard of.

The gasoline composition of the present invention may contain the above-mentioned essential components, and its octane number is arbitrary, but the octane number by research method is preferably 90 or more, particularly preferably 95 or more. The research method octane number means the octane number measured according to the JIS K 2280 octane number and cetane number test method.

In the gasoline composition of the present invention, if necessary, for example, a phenol-based or amine-based antioxidant; a metal deactivator such as a Schiff-type compound or a thioamide-type compound; an organic phosphorus-based compound or the like. Surface anti-ignition agent; Detergent / dispersant such as succinimide, polyalkylamine, polyetheramine; Deicing agent such as polyhydric alcohol and its ether; Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of organic acid,
Addition of well-known fuel oil additives such as sulphate esters of higher alcohols; antistatic agents such as anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants; coloring agents such as azo dyes When used, they can be used alone or as a mixture. Although the amount of the fuel oil additive added is arbitrary, it is preferably added so that the total amount thereof is 0.1% by weight or less based on the total amount of the gasoline composition. Furthermore, if necessary, for example, methanol,
Octane number improvers such as ethanol, isopropanol, t-butanol, methyl-t-butyl ether, ethyl-t-butyl ether, methyl-t-amyl ether, ethyl-t-amyl ether can also be added. Although the addition amount of the octane number improver is arbitrary, it is preferably 20% by volume or less based on the total amount of the gasoline composition.

[0015]

Since the gasoline composition of the present invention contains a specific cyclopolyene compound without increasing the aromatic component, the octane number and calorific value of gasoline can be increased.

[0016]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0017]

[Comparative Examples 1 and 2] Isooctane and normal heptane were mixed to give an octane number of 60 (Comparative Example 1) and an octane number of 9
0 (Comparative Example 2) standard substrate was produced. Research method octane number, octane number calculated value (BLENDING OCTANENUMBER: AP of each obtained base material
I Research Project p. 45, the calculated octane number of the compounding agent calculated from the octane number and the compounding ratio), the density (kg / L) at 15 ° C., and the calorific value (kcal / L) (according to JIS K 2203) were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0018]

[Comparative Example 3] A gasoline base material produced in a normal gasoline manufacturing process was blended, and an aromatic component 18%, an olefin component 10%, a distillation property: 10%, a distillation temperature 47.5 ° C, 5
A gasoline base material with a research octane number of 94.5 having a 0% distillation temperature of 79 ° C and a 97% distillation temperature of 155 ° C was prepared. Each measurement was performed on the obtained gasoline base material in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0019]

[Examples 1-1 and 2-2] The base materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were mixed with the compounding agents shown in Table 1 at the compounding ratios shown in Table 1 to produce gasoline compositions. Each measurement was performed on the obtained gasoline composition in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
The results are shown in Table 1.

[0020]

Comparative Examples 4-1 to 5-3 Benzene (Comparative Example 4) or 1,5-cyclooctadiene (Comparative Example 5) was used in Comparative Example 1
Each base material prepared in 3 to 3 was blended, and each measurement was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The results are shown in Table 1. The abbreviations in Table 1 are as follows.

RON: research method octane number B-RON: octane number calculated value CHT: 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene COT: 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene BZ: benzene COD: 1,5-cyclo Octadiene From the results of Table 1, it was found that the octane number and calorific value of the gasoline base material are remarkably improved by blending the specific compound according to the present invention. As is clear from Comparative Examples 4 and 5, the octane number improving effect could not be expected at all for compounds having a similar structure to the compound of the present invention but a different structure.

[0022]

[Table 1]

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Gasoline containing as an essential component at least one compound having a 7-membered ring or 8-membered ring in the molecule and having 3 or more unsaturated bonds in the ring structure. Composition.