JPH05228758A - Groove machining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a groove machining method where a linear groove can be machined in a work efficiently with high accuracy by changing the conception that the machining in a machining center us performed by a rotary tool. CONSTITUTION:A tapered shank 13a of a tool holder 13 is fitted to the tip part of a main spindle 12 mounted on a main spindle head 11 of a machining center. A shaft part 16 of a groove cutting tool 15 is fitted to a cutting tool inserting hole 14 recessed in the front surface of this tool holder 13. A plane machining part 18 formed in the shaft part 16 of the cutting tool 15 is pushingly pressed by the tip of a screw 17 screwed in the tool holder 13 to fix the cutting tool (5). A hole (H) is drilled in a work (W) first, then a groove (G) is machined in an internal surface of this hole (H) by a cutting edge 31 of the cutting tool 15. In this groove machining operation, the main spindle 12 is moved in the (Z) direction in a reciprocating manner without rotating the main spindle 12, and the groove (G) is machined in the (Z) direction of the work (W) by a tip 32 of the cutting tool 15. The cutting quantity of the tip 32 is set according to the movement in the (Y) direction of the main spindle head 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a groove machining method using a machining center.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B), when a semicircular groove 2 for inserting a rotation stop pin is provided in a work inner diameter surface 1 by machining a machining center, first, a material inner diameter surface 3 is formed. The small hole 4 is drilled in the material so that it does not overlap with the above, and then the machining allowance 5 is machined so as to enlarge the inner diameter surface 3 of the material so that the small hole 4 becomes the semicircular groove 2.

At that time, in order to secure the accuracy of the semi-circular groove 2, the semi-circular groove 2 is currently processed in three steps of drilling, arc cutting with an inner diameter end mill, and finishing with an end mill. ..

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Is often added to prevent the meat on the inner diameter surface 3 of the material from being broken during drilling. However, depending on the size of the material, there is a problem that the meat is broken and the drill is damaged or the small hole 4 is bent. Since the bending of the semicircular groove 2 is corrected by the end mill after the inner diameter processing, the processing conditions cannot be set high and much processing time is spent.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a groove machining method capable of efficiently machining a linear groove in a work with high accuracy by changing the concept that a machining center is machined by a rotary tool. The purpose is to do.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, by changing the relative positional relationship between the spindle and the work while the rotation of the spindle of the machining center is stopped, a linear tool is attached to the work by a cutting tool mounted on the spindle. It is a groove processing method for processing a groove.

[0007]

According to the present invention, by relatively moving the cutting tool or the work without rotating the main shaft, a groove is formed linearly on the inner surface of the work or the outer surface of the work in the direction of the main shaft or at a constant angle with respect to the main shaft.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1, a spindle 12 is rotatably mounted on a spindle head 11 of a machining center.
The taper shank 13a of the tool holder 13 is fitted to the tip of the tool holder 13, and a pulling force is applied to the pull stud 13b.
The shaft portion 16 of the groove cutting tool 15 is fitted in the tool fitting hole 14 formed in the front surface of the tool holder 13, and the tip of the screw 17 screwed into the tool holder 13 causes the shaft portion of the tool 15 to be inserted. The flattened portion 18 formed on 16 is pressed and the bite 15 is fixed.

As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, in the machining center, an indexing table 23 is provided movably in the X direction along a guide rail 22 provided on the upper part of the bed 21. A pallet 24 is fitted on the pallet 24, and a work (not shown) is mounted on the pallet 24.

On the other hand, at the rear portion of the bed 21, a column 25 standing upright in the Y direction is provided along a guide rail (not shown) in the Z direction.
The spindle head 11 is provided along the column 25 so as to be movable in the Y direction. column
An automatic tool changer (ATC) 26 is disposed on one side of 25, and the ATC 26 supplies the tool mounted on the tool holder to the spindle 12 from a tool magazine (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 4, the byte 15 is
A butterfly-shaped cutting blade 31 is integrally provided at the tip of the shaft portion 16, and machined groove-shaped cutting edges 32 are formed on both sides of the cutting blade 31. A rake angle α from the cutting edge 32 in the radial direction and a clearance angle γ in the axial direction are provided. The cutting edge 31
A semi-circular cutout 33 is provided in the center of the cutout 33.
A center hole 34 for forming the bite is provided inside the.

The tool bit 15 has a high tool rigidity as is clear from its shape. Especially, in a tool bit used for deep and narrow groove width, the tool rigidity can be remarkably increased as compared with a drill or an end mill. Therefore, it is excellent in processing accuracy and processing efficiency. Further, even if the groove width is wide, it can be processed in a machining center if it is processed under a condition in which mechanical rigidity is taken into consideration.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, a hole H is bored in the work W, and then a groove G is formed on the inner diameter surface of the hole H by the cutting edge 31 of the cutting tool 15. At the time of this groove machining, the column 25 is reciprocated in the Z direction without rotating the spindle 12, and the workpiece 32 is machined with the groove G in the Z direction by the cutting edge 32 of the cutting tool 15.

At this time, the cutting amount of the cutting edge 32 is set by the moving amount of the spindle head 11 along the column 25 in the Y direction, but depending on the direction of the cutting edge 32, it is set by the moving amount of the table 23 in the X direction. There is also.

As described above, this processing method can be processed by two steps of inner diameter boring and grooving, and can be greatly improved in efficiency as compared with the conventional processing method. Furthermore, this machining method not only minimizes the machining allowance of the inner diameter of the material, but also improves the machining accuracy by eliminating the intermittent machining by the conventional drill and end mill.

FIG. 5 shows a case where a groove is formed on the inner diameter surface of the hole H of the work W, A is a square groove G1, and B is a V groove.
When processing G2, C is for processing a plurality of grooves G1.

FIG. 6 shows a case where a groove is formed on the outer surface of the work W, where A is a square groove G3, B is a semicircular groove G4, and C is a plurality of grooves G4. Is.

Further, the cutting edges on both sides of the butterfly-shaped cutting edge 31
If the shape of 32 is formed in a different shape, the shape of the cutting edge to be used can be easily changed only by rotating the cutting tool 15, and it is possible to form a groove having a complex shape on one work.

In the above embodiment, the column 25 is reciprocated in the Z direction to reciprocate the bite 15 in the Z direction. However, in the case of a machining center in which the indexing table 23 can be moved in the Z direction as well, Groove processing may be performed by reciprocating the above in the Z direction. Further, in the case of a machining center in which only the main shaft 12 can be moved in the Z direction while the column is fixed, only the main shaft 12 needs to reciprocate in the Z direction.

Further, the direction of grooving is not limited to the Z direction parallel to the spindle 12 at the machining center, and this Z direction movement is combined with the X direction movement or the Y direction movement. By doing so, a groove having a constant angle with respect to the Z direction may be processed into a linear shape.

[0023]

According to the present invention, it is possible to change the relative positional relationship between the spindle and the workpiece while the spindle of the machining center is stopped without rotating, overturning the existing concept of machining with a rotary tool in the machining center. The tool bit mounted on the spindle allows a straight groove to be machined directly on the machined surface of the workpiece.In addition, compared to rotary tools such as drills and end mills used for conventional groove machining, the tool bit has tool rigidity. Since it is possible to increase the groove width, it is possible to perform highly efficient and highly accurate groove processing. Further, by selecting the shape of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, it is possible to process grooves having various sectional shapes not limited to the semicircular groove.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a spindle and a cutting tool of a machining center used in a groove machining method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the above machining center.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same machining center as above.

4A is a side view of a cutting tool mounted on the spindle of the machining center, FIG. 4B is a plan view thereof, and C is a front view thereof.

FIG. 5: Various groove shapes A formed on the inner diameter surface of the work,
It is sectional drawing which shows B and C.

FIG. 6 shows various groove shapes A, B, formed on the outer surface of the work.
It is sectional drawing which shows C.

FIG. 7A is a radial sectional view of a work showing a conventional groove processing method, and B is an axial sectional view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Spindle 15 bytes W Work G groove

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A linear groove is formed in a work by a cutting tool mounted on the main spindle by changing the relative positional relationship between the main spindle and the work while the rotation of the main spindle of the machining center is stopped. Grooving method.