JPH05228716A - Rolling-cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the concentration of chips near the edge of a main cutting edge and to sharply decrease the occurrence frequency of chip biting by forming the first side of a tip into a braker face extending over its overall length to obtain the long braker face without making the tip large-sized, and largely curling the chip at a position separated enough from the edge of the main cutting edge. CONSTITUTION:Since the first side of a tip is formed into a braker face 27 extending its overall length, a long braker face is obtained. Thus, a chip is largely curled at a position separated enough from the edge 28 of a main cutting edge to prevent the concentration of the chips near the edge of the main cutting edge. In addition, since the edge of the main cutting edge is severally formed at both the ends of the braker face of the first side of the tip, even when either of the edges of the main cutting edge is used, the chip is curled by directing the same braker face toward the direction of the rotation of a tool body 2. Thus, the formation of a recess such as the braker face on two other sides 25b, 25c adjacent to the braker face on the first side becomes unnecessary, and these sides are severally formed into an uniform flat face to increase a seating area between a tip seat and a tip.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rolling tool having a throw-away tip removably attached to one end in the axial direction of a tool body, and in particular, it can smoothly process chips during grooving such as T-grooving. Regarding rolling tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A T-groove cutter 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, for example, is conventionally known as a rolling tool for machining a T-groove provided on a table or a jig of a milling machine. In this T-groove cutter 1, a disk-shaped flange 4 is coaxially formed on the axial tip end side of a tool body 2 rotated around an axis O via a neck 3 having a small diameter. , Two chip pockets 5 opening at the front end surface 4a, the rear end surface 4b and the outer peripheral surface 4c of the flange 4 are formed at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction, and these chip pockets 5 rotate in the rotation direction (arrow A in FIG. 9). Direction), the chip seats 7 and 8 are provided at positions that are continuous with the wall surface 6 facing the front surface 4 of the flange 4.
A throw-away tip (hereinafter referred to as a tip) 9 is detachably attached to these tip seats 7 and 8 by being opened to either a or the rear end surface 4c.

Here, the tip 9 is formed by molding a hard material such as cemented carbide, cermet, or ceramics into a polygonal flat plate shape. As shown in more detail in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 and four side surfaces 13 and a mounting hole 14 into which the mounting screw 10 is mounted. The crossing ridgeline of each side surface 13 is a main cutting edge ridge 15 and each side surface 13
The intersecting ridgeline between the breaker surface 16 and the upper and lower surfaces 11 and 12 formed on the bottom surface is defined as a sub-cutting edge ridge 17 ... , And one of the auxiliary cutting edge 17 is provided on the front surface 4 of the flange 4.
It is attached to the tip seats 7 and 8 in a state of being projected from either a or the rear end surface 4b.

In the T-groove cutter 1 thus constructed, as shown in FIG. 13, the flange 4 of the tool main body 2 has the workpiece W.
The tool main body 2 is rotated around the axis O while being located below the surface F by a predetermined distance d and with the groove G and the neck 3 formed in advance in the work material W being aligned. At the same time, the tool body 2 is relatively moved in the direction along the groove G of the work material W, whereby the lower part of the groove G is enlarged in the width direction by the main cutting edge 15 and the sub cutting edge 17 of the tip 9. The desired T groove 18 is formed. At the time of this cutting, chips are mainly generated from the main cutting edge 15 and the chips are formed on the side surface 13 of the chip 9 and the breaker surface 1 is formed.
After being curled slightly along the line 6, it is discharged into the chip pocket 5.

[0005]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional T-groove cutting by the T-groove cutter 1, since the cutting progresses in a state where the periphery of the flange 4 of the tool body 2 is surrounded by the work material W, The chips generated at the main cutting edge 15 cannot escape to the vertical direction or the lateral direction of the groove G, and while being held in the chip pocket 5 for a while, the tool main body 2 rotates as the tool main body 2 rotates. Move in the circumferential direction. And tip pocket 5
The chips held at are released from the chip pocket 5 when the chip pocket 5 faces the side opposite to the cutting direction with the rotation of the tool body 2, and are discharged to the already processed T groove 18. .. For this reason, in this type of rolling tool,
It is necessary to set the chip pocket 5 sufficiently large so that chips are not concentrated in the vicinity of the main cutting edge 15 and a chip jamming accident does not occur. However, in the conventional T-groove cutter 1 described above, the breaker surface 16 formed on the side surface 13 of the tip 9 is formed within a very short range from the main cutting edge 15 so that the main cutting edge 15 is formed. The chips generated in 1 are difficult to be discharged to the rear side 5a of the chip pocket 5, that is, the side located farthest from the main cutting edge amount 5, and the main cutting edge 1
Chips tend to be clogged and clogged in a narrow portion of the chip pocket 5 near the chip 5. Moreover, since the breaker surface 16 is short, the radius of curvature when the chips curl is small,
As a result, chips that have been divided into small pieces are concentrated near the main cutting edge twill 15, and biting of chips is more likely to occur.

In this respect, for example, in the above-mentioned chip 9 as well, it is conceivable to increase the width H of the breaker surface 16, but the breaker surface 16 is formed on all the side surfaces 13 to enable three corner changes. If the breaker width H is increased, the side surface 13 and the wall surfaces 7a and 8 of the chip seats 7 and 8 are increased.
The contact area with a (see FIG. 9) is reduced, and the mounting rigidity of the chip 9 is reduced. Further, when the chip 9 is enlarged, both the width H of the breaker surface 16 and the contact area with the chip seats 7 and 8 are increased, but the size itself of the chip seats 7 and 8 is increased, so that the thickness of the flange 4 is increased. Is reduced and the tool body 2
It is unavoidable that the rigidity of

Further, in the above-mentioned T-groove cutter 1, since the breaker surface 16 is provided on a part of the side surface 13 of the chip 9, the rear end E (see FIG. 11) of the breaker surface 16 has a considerably large obtuse angle. Therefore, when cutting a work material in which chips tend to grow, for example, an aluminum alloy, when the chips pass over the rear end E of the breaker surface 16, the vicinity of the rear end E and the chips are strongly rubbed with each other. Welding is likely to occur. When such welding occurs, there is a problem that the tip seats 7 and 8 come into contact with the welding portion when the corner of the tip 9 is changed, and the tip 9 cannot be correctly attached. The present invention has been made under such a background, and while the size of the chip is kept constant, the breaker surface can be made sufficiently long to allow chips to be smoothly discharged into the chip pocket, and the chip can be mounted. An object of the present invention is to provide a rolling tool which has high rigidity and is less likely to cause welding.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a rolling tool of the present invention is provided with a tip pocket which is open at least on the outer peripheral surface of the tool body at one axial end of the tool body. A cutting tool, wherein a tip is detachably attached to a tip seat provided continuously with a wall surface of the tip pocket facing the rotation direction, wherein the tip has upper and lower surfaces facing each other in the thickness direction, and these upper and lower surfaces. It has a side surface arranged around the lower surface, and among the above side surfaces, one side surface and the ridge lines intersecting with the other two side surfaces adjacent to this one side surface are the main cutting edge ridges, respectively, and The one side surface is formed on a breaker surface that gradually and largely depresses toward the inside of the tip from the main cutting edge ridges at both ends toward the center of the side surface. Outer peripheral surface It is al protrude, and the breaker face to face in the chip pocket and is characterized in that become attached to the tip seat.

The term "thickness direction of the chip" as used herein means
The direction in which the thickness of a flat chip is the smallest is meant. Further, one or more chip pockets are arbitrarily selected and formed, and when a plurality of chip pockets are formed, a chip seat is formed corresponding to each chip pocket and each chip is attached. Be done. In order to keep the rake angle and the clearance angle of the main cutting edge twill constant, the tip may be formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane passing through the center of the breaker surface in the width direction.

[0010]

According to the above construction, since one side surface is formed on the breaker surface over the entire length thereof, it is possible to obtain a breaker surface longer than the conventional one while keeping the chip size the same as the conventional one. .. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the chips from being concentrated near the main cutting edge ridge by largely curling the chips at a position sufficiently separated from the main cutting edge ridge. Further, since the main cutting edge twill is formed on both ends of one breaker surface, no matter which main cutting edge twill is used, the chips are curled by directing the same breaker surface in the rotation direction of the tool body. be able to. Therefore, it is not necessary to form a recess like the breaker surface on the other two side surfaces adjacent to the one breaker surface, and these side surfaces are formed into a uniform flat surface to increase the seating area between the chip seat and the chip. Can be planned. Further, since one side surface is a breaker surface over the entire length thereof, the rear end of the breaker surface is formed by a sharp corner serving as a main cutting edge. Therefore, even when cutting a work material in which chips such as an aluminum alloy tend to grow, welding is unlikely to occur at the rear end of the breaker surface. Moreover, since the side surface of the tip is attached in the rotation direction of the tool body, the length of the tip in the circumferential direction of the tool body is large and the rigidity is high. If the tip is formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane that passes through the center of the breaker surface in the width direction, even if a corner change is performed by reversing the tip in the thickness direction, it will be newly provided for cutting. The main cutting edge twill and breaker surface are placed in the same arrangement as the conventional main cutting edge ridge and breaker surface, which keeps the rake angle and clearance angle of the main cutting edge constant before and after the corner change. ..

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The same components as those of the conventional T-groove cutter 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the T of this embodiment is
In the groove cutter 20, two chip pockets 21 ... Are formed on the flange 4 of the tool main body 2, and a wall surface 21a facing the rotation direction of these chip pockets 21 (direction of arrow A in FIG. 1).
8 to 10 in that the chip seats 7 and 8 are formed at positions that are continuous with the chip seats 7 and 8 and the chips 22 made of cemented carbide and the like are removably attached to each of the chip seats 7 and 8 by the mounting screws 10. Although it is common to the T groove cutter 1 shown, the shape of the tip 22 is greatly different.

As shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tip 22 is made of a hard material such as cemented carbide, cermet, or ceramics in a flat plate shape, and has upper and lower surfaces 23 arranged in the thickness direction. 24 and four side surfaces 25a to 25d arranged around these upper and lower surfaces 23, 24. The upper and lower surfaces 23 and 24 are formed as flat surfaces parallel to each other. Further, a mounting hole 26 into which the mounting screw 10 is mounted is formed in the chip 22 with its axis perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces 23 and 24. Further, enlarged diameter portions 26a capable of engaging with the head portion 10a of the mounting screw 10 are formed at both ends of the mounting hole 26, whereby the mounting hole 26 can be mounted on both sides of the upper and lower surfaces 23, 24. It is possible to wear.

The side surfaces 25a to 25d are all upper and lower surfaces 2.
It is formed so as to be orthogonal to 3 and 24, whereby the chip 22 is a so-called negative chip. Then, of the four side surfaces 25a to 25d, one side surface 25a is formed into a cylindrical surface shape that is gradually depressed toward the inside of the chip 22 from both ends toward the center. It is a surface 27. On the other hand, the other side surfaces 25b-2
5d is formed on a flat surface orthogonal to each other. Then, the side surface 25a serving as the breaker surface 27 and the side surface 2
The main cutting edge ridges 28 and 28 are the ridges that intersect with the two side surfaces 25b and 25c adjacent to 5a. Further, the ridge line portion where the breaker surface 27 and the upper and lower surfaces 23 and 24 intersect is a sub cutting edge ridge 29.
It is said that ...

The breaker surface 27 and the side surfaces 25b-2b
5d and the upper and lower surfaces 23 and 24 are all breaker surfaces 27
Are formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane P ₁ passing through the center position in the width direction. The mounting hole 26 also has a virtual center plane P.
Of course, it is formed so as to be symmetrical with respect to ₁ .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tip 22 having the above-described structure has one of the main cutting edge ridges 28 formed at both ends of the breaker surface 27 and the outer peripheral surface 4 of the flange 4.
A side surface 25 which is projected from c and serves as a breaker surface 27.
With the a facing the chip pocket 21, the chip seat 7,
8 is attached to the tool body 2, and is attached to the tool body 2 in a detachable manner by being tightened in a substantially axial direction of the tool body 2 with a mounting screw 10 inserted into the mounting hole 26. At this time, the main cutting edge ridge 28 protruding from the outer peripheral surface 4 c of the flange 4 is given a predetermined positive rake angle θ according to the curve of the breaker surface 27. Of the side surfaces 25b and 25c, the side surface facing the outer peripheral side of the flange 4 is provided with a desired outer peripheral clearance angle α, and the upper and lower surfaces 2 protruding from the end surfaces 4a and 4b of the flange 4 are also provided.
A desired front clearance angle β is given to 3 and 24, whereby the T-groove cutter 20 of this embodiment is constructed.

Here, as is apparent from FIG. 1, in the T-groove cutter 20 of this embodiment, the wall surface 21a of the chip pocket 21 which faces the rotational direction is formed into a concave curved surface in conformity with the breaker surface 27 of the chip 22. This is also different from the conventional example.
In this way, the wall surface 21a is curved because the tip seat 7,
This is for maximizing the bottom surface of No. 8 within the range where it does not project from the breaker surface 27, and increasing the seating rigidity of the chip 22.

In the T-groove cutter 20 having the above construction, however, as in the example shown in FIG.
However, by being rotated about its axis O and being linearly moved relative to the work material,
Main cutting edge 28 of chip 22 and auxiliary cutting edge 2 continuous with this
9 is successively cut into the lower part of the groove formed in advance in the work material, whereby the lower part of the groove is enlarged in the width direction and a desired T groove is formed in the work material. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the chip C ₁ generated at the main cutting edge 28 curls along the breaker surface 27 with a large radius of curvature and is divided at a position sufficiently distant from the main cutting edge 28. It For this reason,
The chips C ₁ are smoothly discharged to the rear end side 21b of the chip pocket 21 without being concentrated in the vicinity of the main cutting edge 28.
As a result, the frequency of chip entrapment at the main cutting edge 28 is greatly reduced. By the way, in the conventional T-slot cutter,
As indicated by the chain double-dashed line in the figure, the chip C ₀ is the main cutting edge ridge 28.
Since it curls in the very vicinity, the chips C ₀ are likely to concentrate near the main cutting edge 28, and the chips are highly likely to be caught.

Further, in the T-groove cutter 20 of this embodiment, in order to carry out a so-called corner change for exchanging the main cutting edge ridge 28 used for cutting, the tip 22 is once removed and inverted in the thickness direction, and thereafter, The tip 22 may be attached to the tip seats 7 and 8 again and tightened with the mounting screw 10.
That is, in this embodiment, since the main cutting edge ridges 28 are provided at both ends of one breaker surface 27, the same breaker surface 27 is directed to the chip pocket 21 regardless of which main cutting edge ridge 28 is used. This allows the chips to curl. Therefore, it is not necessary to direct different side surfaces to the chip pocket each time a corner change is performed as in the conventional case, and therefore, the side surfaces 25 b to 25 other than the breaker surface 27 are provided.
There is no need to provide a recess in d such as a breaker surface.
Therefore, by forming the side surfaces 25b to 25d other than the breaker surface 27 into a uniform flat surface over the entire length thereof,
Wall surfaces 7a and 8a of the chip seats 7 and 8 and the chip side surface 25b
It is possible to increase the mounting rigidity of the chip 22 by maximizing the contact area with 25d. Moreover, since the tip 22 is formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane P ₁ passing through the center of the breaker surface 27 in the width direction, even if the above-mentioned corner change is performed, the rake angle θ around the main cutting edge ridge 28 is increased. The clearance angles α and β are all kept the same.

Further, since the one side surface 25a is formed as the breaker surface 27 over the entire length thereof, the breaker surface 27 is formed.
The rear end is constituted by a sharp corner which becomes the main cutting edge ridge 28. For this reason, even when cutting a work material in which chips such as aluminum alloy tend to grow, the rear end of the breaker surface 27 and the chips do not rub strongly against each other, and welding does not easily occur. Moreover, the side surface 25a of the tip 22 is attached to the tool body 2
Since a so-called vertical blade type structure is adopted in which the tip 22 is attached in the direction of rotation, the length of the tip 22 occupying in the circumferential direction of the tool body 2 is increased and the tool rigidity is increased. For this reason, it becomes possible to perform the T groove processing extremely efficiently in combination with the good chip discharging property.

In the present embodiment, the T-groove cutter has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used for various rolling tools such as an end mill with a bottom blade. is there. Further, the shape of the chip is not limited to one having four side surfaces, and may be appropriately changed to a substantially triangular shape or a polygonal shape having five or more corners. Further, the number of chips to be mounted is not limited to two, and it goes without saying that one or more chips can be provided.

Further, the shape of the breaker surface 27 is not limited to the cylindrical surface shape, but as shown in FIG. 6, an inclined surface 40 linearly extending in a certain range from the main cutting edge ridge 28 is provided, and the intersection thereof is formed. Various modifications can be made, such as a combination of curved surfaces and inclined surfaces so as to arrange the cylindrical surface 41, or a combination of inclined surfaces 40 in multiple stages as shown in FIG. 7. Furthermore, the tip does not necessarily have to be formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane P ₁ of the breaker surface 27, and the left and right sides of the breaker surface 27 may be changed, for example, different rake angles may be given to the left and right sides of the breaker surface 27. ..

[0023]

As described above, according to the rolling tool of the present invention, one side surface of the chip is formed on the breaker surface over the entire length thereof, so that the size of the chip is not increased and the chip is larger than the conventional one. Since a long breaker surface can be obtained, the chips are largely curled at a position sufficiently distant from the main cutting edge to prevent the chips from concentrating in the vicinity of the main cutting edge and greatly reduce the frequency of chip entrapment. be able to. Also, since the main cutting edge twill is formed at both ends of one breaker surface, it is not necessary to form a recess like a breaker surface on the other two side surfaces adjacent to the one breaker surface, and these side surfaces are evenly formed. It is possible to increase the seating area between the chip seat and the chip by increasing the mounting rigidity of the chip.
Moreover, since the side surface of the tip is attached in the direction of rotation of the tool body, the tool rigidity is further enhanced, and as a result,
Highly efficient machining can be performed in combination with excellent chip disposal performance. Furthermore, since the rear edge of the breaker surface is configured with a sharp corner that serves as the main cutting edge, welding is unlikely to occur at the rear edge of the breaker surface even when cutting a work material in which chips such as aluminum alloy tend to grow. .. When the tip is formed symmetrically with respect to the virtual center plane that passes through the center of the breaker surface in the width direction, even if a corner change is performed by reversing the tip in the thickness direction, it is newly provided for cutting. The main cutting edge twill and breaker surface are placed in the same arrangement as the conventional main cutting edge ridge and breaker surface, which keeps the rake angle and clearance angle of the main cutting edge constant before and after the corner change.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a rolling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a tip end portion of a rolling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view of a tip mounted on the rolling tool shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view from the direction of the arrow IV in FIG.

5 is a diagram showing a usage state of the rolling tool shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another modification of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional T groove cutter.

9 is a view from the X direction in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow XI in FIG.

11 is a plan view of a chip used in the T-groove cutter shown in FIG.

12 is a view from the direction of the arrow XII in FIG.

13 is a diagram showing a usage state of the T-groove cutter shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Tool body 7,8 Tip seat 21 Tip pocket 21a Wall surface facing the direction of rotation of the tip pocket 22 Tip 23 Upper surface 24 Lower surface 25a to 25d Side surface 27 Breaker surface 28 Main cutting edge P ₁ Virtual center plane

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tool pocket is formed at one end of the tool body in the axial direction so as to open at least on an outer peripheral surface of the tool body, and is thrown to a chip seat provided continuously with a wall surface of the tool pocket which faces the rotation direction. A turning tool in which an away tip is removably attached, wherein the throw-away tip has upper and lower surfaces facing each other in the thickness direction and side surfaces arranged around these upper and lower surfaces. Among these, one side surface and the ridge line intersecting with the other two side surfaces adjacent to this one side surface are each the main cutting edge ridge, and the one side surface is the center of the side surface from the main cutting edge ridges at both ends. It is formed on a breaker surface that gradually inwards toward the inside of the throw-away tip as it goes toward, and this throw-away tip has its one main cutting edge from the outer peripheral surface of the tool body. A cutting tool, characterized in that it is attached to the tip seat so that the breaker surface faces the tip pocket. 2. A plurality of the chip pockets are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tool body, the chip seats are formed in the plurality of chip pockets, and the throw-away chips are attached to the chip seats, respectively. The rolling tool according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The rolling tool according to claim 1, wherein the throw-away tip is formed symmetrically with respect to an imaginary center plane passing through a center position in the width direction of the breaker surface.