JPH05227611A - Controller for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Controller for electric vehicle

Info

Publication number
JPH05227611A
JPH05227611A JP4029124A JP2912492A JPH05227611A JP H05227611 A JPH05227611 A JP H05227611A JP 4029124 A JP4029124 A JP 4029124A JP 2912492 A JP2912492 A JP 2912492A JP H05227611 A JPH05227611 A JP H05227611A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
value
circuit
vehicle
speed
value input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4029124A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Rei Miyazaki
玲 宮崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP4029124A priority Critical patent/JPH05227611A/en
Publication of JPH05227611A publication Critical patent/JPH05227611A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent slip phenomenon by outputting a slip detection signal when a value obtained by time differentiating a detected value of vehicle speed exceeds an estimated deceleration speed by more than a predetermined value. CONSTITUTION:An absolute circuit 22 produces an absolute value of dV/dt, i.e., a speed detection signal V time differentiated through a differentiating circuit 21, and thus obtained absolute time differentiated value ¦dV/dt¦ is inputted to a subtracting circuit 25. The subtracting circuit 25 determines the difference between the absolute time differentiated value ¦dV/dt¦ and a deceleration speed beta0 when the vehicle does not slip and delivers a differential signal to a comparing circuit 27 where it is compared with a reference value and a slip detection signal Sld is delivered to a motor current control section if brake force exceeding a reference level is applied. The motor current control section then decreases the motor current and releases brake to suppress slip phenomenon. According to the constitution, slip phenomenon can be prevented.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、電気車制御装置に関
する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric vehicle controller.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来から一般に、電気車が走行している
ときにブレーキをかけると、レールと車輪踏面間の摩擦
力をブレーキ力が上回り、車輪がレール上を滑る滑走現
象が起きることがあり、この滑走が起きると、車輪の偏
摩耗、ブレーキ距離の延伸などの問題を招くことになる
ため、できる限り早期に滑走を検出してその滑走を止め
るための制御を行なうことが必要とされている。
2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when a brake is applied while an electric vehicle is running, the braking force exceeds the frictional force between the rail and the tread surface of the wheel, which may cause a sliding phenomenon in which the wheel slides on the rail. However, when this slippage occurs, it causes problems such as uneven wear of the wheels and extension of the braking distance.Therefore, it is necessary to detect the slippage as early as possible and take control to stop the slide. There is.

【0003】そこで、従来の電気車制御装置では、種々
の滑走検出方式が採用されているが、その一つに車輪の
回転速度(以下、単に速度と称する)の時間微分値を監
視するものが知られている。
Therefore, in the conventional electric vehicle control device, various sliding detection systems are adopted, one of which is to monitor the time differential value of the rotational speed of the wheel (hereinafter, simply referred to as speed). Are known.

【0004】この従来の電気車制御装置における滑走検
知方式は、図3に示す構成であり、速度入力Vの時間微
分を行なう微分回路1と、この微分回路1の求めた速度
微分値(dV/dt)を絶対値化する絶対値化回路2
と、速度微分基準値Refを設定する速度微分基準値設
定回路3と、絶対値化回路2の出力である速度微分絶対
値|dV/dt|を速度微分基準値Refと比較し、速
度基準を上回る速度微分絶対値が与えられる場合に滑走
検出信号Sldを出力する比較回路4とから構成されて
いた。
The slip detection method in this conventional electric vehicle control device has the structure shown in FIG. 3, and is a differentiation circuit 1 for performing time differentiation of the speed input V, and a speed differential value (dV / dV obtained by this differentiation circuit 1 absolute value conversion circuit 2 for converting dt) into an absolute value
And the speed differential reference value setting circuit 3 for setting the speed differential reference value Ref and the speed differential absolute value | dV / dt | output from the absolute value conversion circuit 2 are compared with the speed differential reference value Ref to set the speed reference. And a comparator circuit 4 which outputs a skid detection signal Sld when a higher absolute value of the velocity differential is given.

【0005】そしてこの従来の電気車制御装置では、速
度入力Vの値を微分回路1によって時間微分し、さらに
絶対値化回路2によって絶対値化し、比較回路4におい
てこの時間微分値の絶対値|dV/dt|を速度微分基
準値Refと比較し、時間微分絶対値が速度微分基準値
を上回るときに滑走検出信号Sldを出力し、図示して
いない車両の制御手段によりブレーキ力を減少させる制
御を行なうようにしていた。
In this conventional electric vehicle controller, the value of the speed input V is time-differentiated by the differentiating circuit 1 and further made into an absolute value by the absolute value converting circuit 2, and the absolute value of this time differential value | dV / dt | is compared with the speed differential reference value Ref, and when the time differential absolute value exceeds the speed differential reference value, the sliding detection signal Sld is output, and the braking force is reduced by the vehicle control means (not shown). I was trying to do.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、このような
従来の電気車制御装置では、速度微分基準値を一定の値
としていたために、電気車の減速度が運転士の設定や車
両の重量により変化することを考慮して、この速度微分
基準値Refを最大の減速度になるように設定する必要
があるが、運転士が知らずに小さな減速度を設定した場
合には、検出感度が悪くなり、滑走現象を頻繁に引き起
こしてしまう問題点があった。
However, in such a conventional electric vehicle controller, the speed differential reference value is set to a constant value, so that the deceleration of the electric vehicle depends on the driver's setting and the weight of the vehicle. In consideration of the change, it is necessary to set this speed differential reference value Ref so that it becomes the maximum deceleration, but if a small deceleration is set without the driver's knowledge, the detection sensitivity will deteriorate. However, there was a problem that the sliding phenomenon was frequently caused.

【0007】この発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑
みなされたもので、運転士が設定した減速度が小さい場
合にも滑走検出感度を高くすることができ、滑走現象を
確実に検出してその防止を図ることができる電気車制御
装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Even when the deceleration set by the driver is small, the sliding detection sensitivity can be increased, and the sliding phenomenon can be reliably detected. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle control device capable of preventing the electric shock.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明の電気車制御装
置は、ブレーキ力指令値入力手段と、車両重量検出値入
力手段と、車両速度検出値の入力手段と、前記ブレーキ
力指令値入力手段から入力されるブレーキ力指令値と前
記車両重量検出値入力手段から入力される車両重量検出
値との比に定数をかけて推定減速度を出力する推定減速
度演算手段と、前記車両速度検出値入力手段から入力さ
れる車両速度検出値を時間微分する微分手段と、前記微
分手段が出力する速度時間微分値を前記推定減速度演算
手段が出力する推定減速度と比較し、所定値以上に大き
い場合に滑走検出信号を出力する比較手段とを備えたも
のである。
An electric vehicle control device of the present invention comprises a braking force command value input means, a vehicle weight detection value input means, a vehicle speed detection value input means, and the braking force command value input means. An estimated deceleration calculation means for outputting an estimated deceleration by multiplying a ratio between a braking force command value input from the vehicle weight detection value input means and a vehicle weight detection value input from the vehicle weight detection value input means, and the vehicle speed detection value. Differentiating means for time-differentiating the vehicle speed detection value input from the input means, and the speed-time differential value output by the differentiating means are compared with the estimated deceleration output by the estimated deceleration calculating means, and are greater than a predetermined value. In this case, a comparison means for outputting a gliding detection signal is provided.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】この発明の電気車制御装置では、推定減速度演
算手段により、ブレーキ力指令値入力手段から入力され
るブレーキ力指令値と車両重量検出値入力手段から入力
される車両重量検出値との比に定数をかけて推定減速度
を求めて出力し、一方、微分手段により車両速度検出値
入力手段から入力される車両速度検出値を時間微分して
速度微分値を求めて出力する。
In the electric vehicle control device of the present invention, the estimated deceleration calculation means divides the braking force command value input from the braking force command value input means from the vehicle weight detection value input from the vehicle weight detection value input means. The ratio is multiplied by a constant to obtain and output the estimated deceleration. On the other hand, the differentiation means temporally differentiates the vehicle speed detection value input from the vehicle speed detection value input means to obtain and output the speed differential value.

【0010】そして、比較手段おいて、速度微分値を推
定減速度と比較し、現実の速度微分値が推定減速度より
も所定値以上に大きい場合に滑走現象が生じているもの
と判断して滑走検出信号を出力する。
Then, the comparing means compares the speed differential value with the estimated deceleration, and when the actual speed differential value is larger than the estimated deceleration by a predetermined value or more, it is judged that the gliding phenomenon has occurred. Outputs a skid detection signal.

【0011】こうして、ブレーキ指令値が小さい場合に
も確実に滑走現象の発生を検出し、その防止を図るよう
にする。
Thus, even when the brake command value is small, the occurrence of the sliding phenomenon is surely detected and the prevention thereof is attempted.

【0012】[0012]

【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を図に基づいて詳説
する。
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

【0013】図1はこの発明の一実施例の回路ブロック
図であり、この実施例の電気車制御装置は、ブレーキ力
を設定するブレーキ設定器11、車両重量測定のための
空気バネ圧検出器12、ブレーキ制御を行なうブレーキ
制御装置13、駆動装置としての電動機駆動回路を制御
する電動機駆動回路制御装置14、この電動機駆動回路
制御装置14によって制御される電動機駆動回路15、
この電動機駆動回路15により駆動制御される電動機1
6、および速度検出器17から構成されている。そして
電動機駆動回路制御装置14は、電気車の滑走現象を検
出する滑走検出部18と電動機電流制御部19を備えて
おり、電動機電流制御部19は電動機駆動回路15から
電動機16に供給される電流を検出する電流検出器20
の検出信号を入力するようになっている。
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. An electric vehicle control device of this embodiment comprises a brake setting device 11 for setting a braking force and an air spring pressure detector for measuring a vehicle weight. 12, a brake control device 13 for performing brake control, an electric motor drive circuit control device 14 for controlling an electric motor drive circuit as a drive device, an electric motor drive circuit 15 controlled by the electric motor drive circuit control device 14,
The electric motor 1 whose drive is controlled by the electric motor drive circuit 15.
6 and a speed detector 17. The electric motor drive circuit control device 14 includes a sliding detection unit 18 that detects a sliding phenomenon of the electric vehicle and an electric motor current control unit 19. The electric motor current control unit 19 supplies the electric current supplied from the electric motor drive circuit 15 to the electric motor 16. Current detector 20 for detecting
The detection signal of is input.

【0014】図2は、滑走検出部18の詳しい回路構成
を示しており、速度信号Vを入力して時間微分を行なう
微分回路21、この微分回路21による速度微分値の絶
対値化を行なう絶対値化回路22、ブレーキ力設定値B
Eと車両重量検出値Wを入力して除算を行なう除算回路
23、この除算回路23の除算結果に対して定数Kをか
ける定数乗算回路24、絶対値化回路22からの絶対値
出力と定数乗算回路24の出力との引き算を行なう減算
回路25、基準値を設定する基準値設定回路26、およ
び減算回路25の出力と基準値設定回路26の設定する
基準値Refとを比較し、滑走検出信号Sldを出力す
る比較回路27から構成されている。
FIG. 2 shows a detailed circuit configuration of the skid detector 18, which is a differential circuit 21 for inputting a speed signal V to perform time differentiation, and an absolute value for making a speed differential value into an absolute value by the differentiating circuit 21. Quantization circuit 22, brake force setting value B
A division circuit 23 for inputting E and the vehicle weight detection value W for division, a constant multiplication circuit 24 for multiplying the division result of the division circuit 23 by a constant K, an absolute value output from the absolute value conversion circuit 22 and a constant multiplication A subtraction circuit 25 for performing a subtraction with the output of the circuit 24, a reference value setting circuit 26 for setting a reference value, and an output of the subtraction circuit 25 and a reference value Ref set by the reference value setting circuit 26 are compared with each other, and a skid detection signal is detected. It is composed of a comparison circuit 27 that outputs Sld.

【0015】次に、上記構成の電気車制御装置の動作に
ついて説明する。
Next, the operation of the electric vehicle controller having the above structure will be described.

【0016】運転士がブレーキ設定器11を操作するこ
とによってブレーキ力指令Bsが出力される。このブレ
ーキ力指令Bsは、通常、数段階のレベルを表わす電気
信号または連続的に変化する空気圧信号としてブレーキ
制御装置13に入力される。
When the driver operates the brake setting device 11, the braking force command Bs is output. The braking force command Bs is normally input to the brake control device 13 as an electric signal representing a level of several stages or a continuously changing air pressure signal.

【0017】空気バネ圧検出器12は出力信号Aspを
出力するが、この信号Aspは車両重量を表わす信号と
してブレーキ制御装置13に入力される。
The air spring pressure detector 12 outputs an output signal Asp, which is input to the brake controller 13 as a signal representing the vehicle weight.

【0018】ブレーキ制御装置13は、入力された信号
Bs,Aspに基づいて必要なブレーキ力を得るのに必
要な電動機電流目標値Ipを演算し、電動機駆動回路制
御装置14へ出力する。
The brake control device 13 calculates a motor current target value Ip required to obtain a required braking force based on the input signals Bs and Asp, and outputs it to the motor drive circuit control device 14.

【0019】電動機駆動回路制御装置14では、その内
部の電動機電流制御部19において電動機電流検出器2
0の出力信号Imをフィードバック信号として電動機駆
動回路15を制御する。
In the electric motor drive circuit controller 14, the electric motor current detector 2 is provided in the electric motor current control section 19 inside the electric motor drive circuit controller 14.
The motor drive circuit 15 is controlled by using the output signal Im of 0 as a feedback signal.

【0020】電動機駆動回路制御装置14の内部の滑走
検出部18では、図2に示す回路構成により、速度検出
器17からの速度検出信号Vに対して微分回路21で時
間微分し、その時間微分値(dV/dt)を絶対値化回
路22に出力する。
In the sliding detector 18 inside the motor drive circuit controller 14, the speed detection signal V from the speed detector 17 is time-differentiated by the differentiating circuit 21 according to the circuit configuration shown in FIG. The value (dV / dt) is output to the absolute value conversion circuit 22.

【0021】絶対値化回路22では、この速度微分値を
絶対値化し、速度微分絶対値|dV/dt|を減算回路
25のプラス入力に与える。
The absolute value conversion circuit 22 converts this speed differential value into an absolute value, and supplies the speed differential absolute value | dV / dt | to the plus input of the subtraction circuit 25.

【0022】一方、除算回路23には、ブレーキ力BE
としてブレーキ制御装置13から電動機電流目標値Ip
を入力し、同時に車両重量信号Wとして空気バネ圧検出
器12からのバネ圧検出信号Aspを入力し、除算を実
行し、この結果に対して乗算器24で定数Kをかけ、そ
の結果として、滑走しない場合の減速度信号βoを減算
回路25のマイナス入力に与える。
On the other hand, the division circuit 23 has a braking force BE.
From the brake control device 13 to the electric motor current target value Ip
And at the same time, the spring pressure detection signal Asp from the air spring pressure detector 12 is input as the vehicle weight signal W, the division is executed, and the result is multiplied by a constant K in the multiplier 24, and as a result, The deceleration signal βo in the case of not sliding is applied to the minus input of the subtraction circuit 25.

【0023】ここで、速度入力Vの値はブレーキ動作時
に減少するが、その単位時間当たりの減少量は車輪が滑
走しない限りブレーキの性能と車両重量とで決まる一定
値を超えることがないはずである。
Here, the value of the speed input V decreases during braking, but the amount of decrease per unit time should not exceed a certain value determined by the braking performance and vehicle weight unless the wheels slide. is there.

【0024】そこで、減算回路25では時間微分絶対値
|dV/dt|と滑走しない場合の減速度βoとの差を
求め、この差信号を比較回路27に与え、ここで基準値
Refと比較し、基準値Refを超える大きなブレーキ
力が加えられる場合には、滑走検出信号Sldを出力
し、これを電動機電流制御部19へ与える。なお、基準
値Refは、検出値の誤差や線路勾配の影響による減速
度の変化を吸収できる必要最小限度の値とする。
Therefore, the subtraction circuit 25 obtains the difference between the time differential absolute value | dV / dt | and the deceleration βo when the vehicle is not slipping, and supplies this difference signal to the comparison circuit 27, which compares it with the reference value Ref. When a large braking force exceeding the reference value Ref is applied, the sliding detection signal Sld is output and given to the electric motor current control unit 19. In addition, the reference value Ref is a minimum necessary value that can absorb a change in deceleration due to an error in the detected value and the influence of the line gradient.

【0025】電動機電流制御部19では、この滑走検出
信号Sldが入力される場合には電動機電流を減少さ
せ、ブレーキを緩める制御を行ない、滑走現象を抑制す
る。
The electric motor current control unit 19 reduces the electric motor current when the sliding detection signal Sld is input, and controls to loosen the brake to suppress the sliding phenomenon.

【0026】こうして、この実施例の電気車制御装置で
は、ブレーキ力指令値と車両重量検出値の比に定数を乗
じた値を推定減速度とし、車輪回転速度検出値を時間微
分した値がこの推定減速度を上回り、両者の差が一定値
以上になったときに滑走と判定することにより、ブレー
キ指令値が小さい場合にも容易に滑走現象を検出するこ
とができるようになる。しかも、この実施例の場合に
は、電動機制御装置への入力信号である空気バネ圧が、
従来から力行時の制御で用いられ、また速度検出器の出
力も従来の方式による滑走検出に用いられていたものを
用いるため、この回路構成に新たな入力信号を必要とせ
ず、回路構成を簡単にできる。
Thus, in the electric vehicle controller of this embodiment, a value obtained by multiplying the ratio of the braking force command value and the vehicle weight detection value by a constant is used as the estimated deceleration, and the wheel rotation speed detection value is differentiated with respect to time. When the estimated deceleration is exceeded and the difference between the two exceeds a certain value, it is determined that the vehicle is sliding, so that the sliding phenomenon can be easily detected even when the brake command value is small. Moreover, in the case of this embodiment, the air spring pressure which is an input signal to the electric motor control device is
Since it is used for control during power running and the output of the speed detector that was also used for gliding detection by the conventional method, no new input signal is required for this circuit configuration, and the circuit configuration is simple. You can

【0027】[0027]

【発明の効果】以上のようにこの発明によれば、ブレー
キ力指令値と車両重量検出値との比に定数を乗じた値を
推定減速度とし、車両速度検出値を時間微分した値がこ
の推定減速度を一定値以上上回るときに滑走が起きてい
るものと判断して滑走検出信号を出力するようにしてい
るため、従来のように滑走検出のために速度微分値と比
較する基準値を最大減速度より決定する必要がなく、滑
走検出をブレーキ力指令値が小さい場合にも確実に行な
うことができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, a value obtained by multiplying the ratio of the braking force command value and the vehicle weight detection value by a constant is used as the estimated deceleration, and the vehicle speed detection value is differentiated with respect to time. When the estimated deceleration exceeds a certain value for a certain value, it is judged that the skiing is occurring and the skid detection signal is output.Therefore, the reference value to be compared with the speed differential value for the slip detection is used as in the past. It is not necessary to determine from the maximum deceleration, and slip detection can be reliably performed even when the braking force command value is small.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の一実施例のブロック図。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】上記実施例における滑走検出部の詳しい回路ブ
ロック図。
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit block diagram of a sliding detection unit in the above embodiment.

【図3】従来例のブロック図。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional example.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11 ブレーキ設定器 12 空気バネ圧検出器 13 ブレーキ制御装置 14 電動機駆動回路制御装置 15 電動機駆動回路 16 電動機 17 速度検出器 18 滑走検出部 19 電動機電流制御部 20 電動機電流検出器 21 微分回路 22 絶対値化回路 23 除算回路 24 乗算回路 25 減算回路 26 基準値設定回路 27 比較回路 11 brake setting device 12 air spring pressure detector 13 brake control device 14 electric motor drive circuit control device 15 electric motor drive circuit 16 electric motor 17 speed detector 18 sliding detection unit 19 electric motor current control unit 20 electric motor current detector 21 differential circuit 22 absolute value Circuit 23 division circuit 24 multiplication circuit 25 subtraction circuit 26 reference value setting circuit 27 comparison circuit

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 ブレーキ力指令値入力手段と、車両重量
検出値入力手段と、車両速度検出値の入力手段と、前記
ブレーキ力指令値入力手段から入力されるブレーキ力指
令値と前記車両重量検出値入力手段から入力される車両
重量検出値との比に定数をかけて推定減速度として出力
する推定減速度演算手段と、前記車両速度検出値入力手
段から入力される車両速度検出値を時間微分する微分手
段と、前記微分手段が出力する速度時間微分値を前記推
定減速度演算手段が出力する推定減速度と比較し、所定
値以上に大きい場合に滑走検出信号を出力する比較手段
とを備えて成る電気車制御装置。
1. A braking force command value input means, a vehicle weight detection value input means, a vehicle speed detection value input means, a braking force command value input from the braking force command value input means, and the vehicle weight detection. Estimated deceleration calculation means for multiplying the ratio with the vehicle weight detection value input from the value input means by a constant and outputting as estimated deceleration, and the vehicle speed detection value input from the vehicle speed detection value input means with respect to time differentiation Differentiating means, and a comparing means for comparing the speed-time differential value output by the differentiating means with the estimated deceleration output by the estimated deceleration calculating means, and outputting a sliding detection signal when the estimated deceleration is greater than a predetermined value. An electric vehicle controller.
JP4029124A 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Controller for electric vehicle Pending JPH05227611A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4029124A JPH05227611A (en) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Controller for electric vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4029124A JPH05227611A (en) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Controller for electric vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05227611A true JPH05227611A (en) 1993-09-03

Family

ID=12267558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4029124A Pending JPH05227611A (en) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Controller for electric vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH05227611A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016042675A (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-03-31 アズビル株式会社 D/a conversion circuit
JP2016152680A (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-08-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Power supply device and vehicle comprising the same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016042675A (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-03-31 アズビル株式会社 D/a conversion circuit
JP2016152680A (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-08-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Power supply device and vehicle comprising the same

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