JPH05227472A - Telecine equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a film from being impaired by managing the scraping-off speed of the film with one time for one frame so that a video signal of good picture is obtained in the telecine equipment of a 2-3 pull-down system. CONSTITUTION:One-frame read-out type CCDs 25R, 25G, 25B are used for the image pickup of the telecine equipment, and by controlling a shutter 4 in the telecine equipment within a period between the storage starting timing of the odd (even) frame field signals and the read-out timing of the even (odd) field signals of these CCDs 25R, 25G, 25B, the standard video signal is obtained at the scraping-off speed of the rate of one time for one frame.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a telecine device, and more particularly to a telecine device in which damage to a film caused by scratching the film is reduced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, television and cine are generally used.
In the present invention, a device for converting a film image such as a movie into a television signal is described by a compound word of ma. However, in the present invention, the device is defined as a device for converting the image information stored in the intermediate material into a video signal, and the description will proceed.

A conventional telecine device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-18.
It is well known because it is described in detail in Japanese Patent No. 2384. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a telecine device as a conventional three-tube type film imaging device.

In the figure, the projector 1 has, for example, a 16 mm imaged image.
It has a film and a film scraping mechanism which will be described later, and its image information is projected onto the spectroscopic system path 3 via the lens 2. A shutter 4 for blocking image information of the film from the projector 1 is provided in the spectroscopic system path 3. A drive motor 5 drives the shutter 4. Further, a dichroic mirror is provided in the spectroscopic system path 3 so that incident light
It is decomposed into the three primary colors of G and B and projected on the tube surface of the image pickup tube 6 such as R, G, and B saticon.

Image pickup tubes 6R, 6G for the three primary colors R, G, B
The image information of the film photoelectrically converted by 6B is added to the preamplifiers 7R, 7G, 7B to obtain a high S / N ratio, and then supplied to the process amplifiers 8R, 8G, 8B, and the blanking mixing is performed in the process amplifier 8. , Black clip, gain control pedestal adjustment, shoeing correction, gamma correction, etc. are performed, supplied to an encoder, etc., and converted to an NTSC television image signal.

The standard speed of the above-mentioned 16 mm film, for example, is 24 frames per second, which is smaller than the number of images of 30 images per second (the number of fields is 60) by the television of the NTSC system. If converted, the shutter bar etc. will appear.

For this reason, the telecine device uses a special intermittent drive method. That is, while the film is moving, the shutter 4 is closed to block the light from the projector 1, and the film is run so that the shutter 4 is opened while the film is stationary. It is designed to capture images. Therefore, the relationship between the irradiation of light on the film and the TV field is 1/24 (seconds) x 2 frames = 1 /
60 × 5 fields = 1/12 (sec), so that two frames of film correspond to 5 fields in 1/12 seconds.

Further, as a scraping method for intermittently moving (moving) the film, the film is scraped at regular intervals of 1/24 seconds, and light is irradiated twice on odd frames. For even-numbered frames, light is irradiated three times so that two frames of film correspond to five fields of the TV, and 24 frames of the field and 60 fields of the NTSC TV are matched.

Such an equal interval pull-down system has problems that the irradiation time is short and that the film is rapidly scraped off, so that the perforation of the film is easily damaged. In order to improve this point, the 2-3 pull-down method has been proposed.

In the 2-3 pre-down method, the film is scraped off within 1/12 cycle in 1/30 seconds for odd-numbered frames and 1/20 seconds for even-numbered frames, as shown in FIG. It is a method of sending. That is, FIG. 5A shows the movement of the film frame. The hatched portion 10 indicates the portion where the scraping and shutter are operated, the vertical line portion 11 indicates the shutter operating portion, and the blank portion 12 indicates the irradiation portion. ，
.. correspond to two fields of an NTSC system television, and even frames 2, 4, 6 ... correspond to three fields of an NTSC system television, and the film is scraped at 24 frames per second. That is, FIG. 5B shows a read-out state in the television field. The odd-numbered first frame A of the film is the odd-numbered field AO and even-numbered field AE of the television, and the even-numbered second frame B is the odd-numbered field BO and even field of the television. BE and the odd field BO, the third odd frame C is the even field CE and odd field CO of the television, and the third even frame D is the even field DF, odd field DO and even field DF of the television.
Will be pulled down to.

[0011]

According to the above-mentioned 2-3 pull-down method, the scraped-off telecine device has an improved light utilization rate as compared with the equal-interval pull-down method. However,
Since the light is irradiated once in one field to read out the electric charge, the film scraping and the shutter opening must be performed within one field, and the film scraping speed becomes faster and the film is damaged. There was an evil.

Further, considering the case where the image information of the film is picked up by using the image pickup tubes 7R, 7G and 7B, the scanning start point (the upper part of the screen) is read in order to scan the photoelectric conversion film with the electron beam and read out the charges. ) And the scanning end point (the lower part of the screen) have a time difference of less than 1 field (1/60 second) in the accumulation time, there is a problem that a fine timing adjustment between the shutter and the electron beam scanning is required.

The present invention is intended to provide a telecine device which solves the above-mentioned problems. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to scrape the film at a speed of once per frame and possibly damage the film. It is intended to obtain a telecine device with good image quality by reducing image blurring.

[0014]

As shown in FIG. 1, a telecine device of the present invention includes transfer means 20 and 21 for moving a film 19, and a light source 14 for irradiating the film 19 with light. , A shutter 4 that selectively blocks light from the light source 14, and imaging means 25R, 25G, and 25B that converts the light that has been transmitted through the film 19 and is incident into a video signal. 25G,
25B is constituted by a CCD image pickup device of odd-even simultaneous exposure sequential read system, and memories 26 and 27 for storing output signals of the CCD image pickup device, operation of the shutter 4, operation of the CCD image pickup device, and writing and reading of the memories 26 and 27. And a control means 29 for controlling the operation.
In the period between the accumulation start timing of the odd field signal of the CCD image sensor and the readout timing of the even field signal, or the period between the accumulation start timing of the even field signal of the CCD image sensor and the readout timing of the odd field signal The light from the light source 14 is C
The shutter 4 is controlled so as to be incident on the CD image pickup device, and an address signal corresponding to the standard television system field frequency is supplied to the memories 26 and 27, so that the video of the standard television system field frequency is output from the memories 26 and 27. It was designed to get a signal.

[0015]

Since the telecine device of the present invention uses the frame readout type CCD as the image pickup device, the operations of opening the shutter and scraping the film only have to be performed once per frame, so the time required for scraping the film is reduced. The length of the film is increased, damage to the perforated portion of the film is also reduced, and there is no time difference within 1 field for reading the charge in the CCD, so that fine adjustment of the shutter timing is extremely easy.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the telecine device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an overall system diagram of a telecine device of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 is a projector or projector, and a projector has a light source 14 in its housing. It is turned on by the power supply 15.

The light from the light source 14 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 13 and focused on the lens 2. A shutter 4 and an aperture 18 are provided between the lens 2 and the light source 14, and the shutter 4 is formed, for example, in the shape of a disk and allows the light of the light source 14 to pass along the surface of the aperture 18 through a notch or a window provided in the disk. The image information developed on the film 19 which is intermittently moved is projected onto the spectroscopic system path 3 via the lens 2. The film 19 is wound around a supply and take-up reel (not shown) via an upper sprocketer 20 and a lower sprocketer 21.

The shutter 4 is rotationally driven by a motor or the like provided in the scraping mechanism 16. Reference numeral 17 is a scraping claw that is inserted into the perforation of the film 19 to intermittently move the film.

The light emitted from the light source 14 which has passed through the lens 2 is incident on the dichroic portion arranged in the spectroscopic system path 3 and is decomposed into the three primary colors of R, G and B, and the light for R, G and B is separated. The light enters the frame readout type CCDs 25R, 25G, 25B.

The dichroic prism 22 has a B reflecting surface to illuminate the CCD 25B with B color, the dichroic prism 23 has an R reflecting surface to illuminate R to the CCD 25R, and the dichroic prism 24 has G color. By transmitting the color and irradiating the CCD 25G with this G color, the three primary colors R, G,
It is decomposed into B.

The CCDs 25R, 25G, and 25B are frame-reading imagers, and are capable of simultaneously exposing at least odd and even fields and sequentially reading. That is, reading from the CCD is performed once per frame, and the timing thereof has a phase difference of 1 field, that is, 180 degrees between the CCD sensor of the odd line and the CCD sensor of the even line. The storage time of this sensor is controlled by the sensor gate pulse.

The image information signal photoelectrically converted by the above-mentioned frame read type R, G, B CCD is read out in frame units, and odd and even frame memories 26 and 27 are read.
Stored in. This odd and even frame memory circuit 2
6 and 27 are written and read by a writing control signal W and a reading control signal R from a writing and reading control circuit 30 controlled by a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 29, and the number of film frames is 24 if necessary. It is supplied to an encoder which converts the frame into 30 frames, passes through the process processing circuit 28, and converts into a video signal of the NTSC system or the like.

The CPU 29 is an ordinary ROM 31, RAM 3
2, a CCD drive circuit 33 for driving and controlling the CCDs 25R, 25G, 25B, a shutter drive circuit 34 for driving a shutter motor, etc. for driving the shutter 4, a light power source 15, and a film drive for intermittently driving the film 19. It controls the circuit 35.

The operation of the above-described telecine device of this example will be described below. First, the one-frame read type CC of this example
By using D, the film 19 can be scraped off, the shutter 4 can be opened, and light can be emitted from the light source 14.
The reason why it is sufficient to perform the frame once will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows an example of converting 30 frames into 30 images.

FIG. 3A shows the first developed on film 19.
Image information A, B, C, D, E, A, from the frame to the fifth frame
B, C, D, E ...

3B shows a section a in which the scraping mechanism 16 scrapes the film 19 and closes the shutter 4, and a blank area 12 in FIG.
Is a section b in which the shutter 4 is opened and exposure is performed.
Is shown.

Further, FIG. 3C shows an odd-even field gate, the black circle position in FIG. 3C shows a sensor gate pulse of the frame readout type CCD, E is an even sensor gate, and O is an odd sensor gate. As described above, there is a phase difference of 1 field, that is, 180 degrees between the sensors of the odd and even lines, and the accumulation time of the sensors of the odd and even lines is from the gate pulse position shown by the black circle position of each sensor to the next gate. There is a pulse position, and for now, if the sensor gate pulse is not sandwiched, the light source 14 irradiates the image information of the first frame for a time of one field or less, for example.
When the shutter 4 is inserted as shown by the shaded portions 10 and 10 for a time of one field or more between both odd and even sensor gate pulses, the even line sensor and the odd line sensor become 37 and 38 during the open section b of the shutter 4. It is exposed at the same time as shown.

Here, the outputs of the CCDs 25R, 25G and 25B are read in the next 1 field period as shown by AE of the image information A of the first frame of the film 19 accumulated in the even field time as shown in FIG. The image information A of the first frame of the film 19 which is accumulated in the odd field time and the even field time is read out with a delay of one field as shown by AO, and one frame is read out.

That is, with such a structure, the scraping shutter opening can be performed by one field (1/60) as in the conventional case.
It does not have to be performed within one second, but only once within one frame (1/30 second).

That is, in FIG. 3B, the section a + b may be one frame so that the time for scraping the film can be extended.

The operation of this example will be described below with reference to the timing chart of FIG. In this example, the film is scraped by the 2-3 pull-down method according to the above-mentioned principle. That is, the image information indicated by A, C ... of odd-numbered frames 1, 3 ... Is driven for 1/30 second, and the image information indicated by B, D ... of even-numbered frames 2, 4 ... is intermittently driven for 1/20 second. It

In FIG. 2A, a shaded portion 40 shows a scraping operation section, a vertical line portion 11 shows a close portion of the shutter 4, and a blank portion 12 is an exposure section of a light irradiation section from the light source 14 and has a pull-down of 1 to 2-3. Exposure is performed in every intermittent cycle.

That is, once every two fields for odd frames,
In even-numbered frames, exposure is performed once in three fields, and the CPU 29 controls the write power supply 15 so that this exposure position does not sandwich the sensor gate pulse (black dot position) as described above.

During this time, the shutter 4 and the scraping mechanism 1
6 is the shutter drive circuit 34 and the film drive circuit 35 as well as the frame readout CCD 25R, 25G, 25B CC
It is controlled by the CPU 29 via the D drive circuit 33.

Thus, CCD 25R, 25G, 25B
A image information simultaneously stored in the odd field gate sensor and the even field gate sensor of FIG. 2 has an odd-even field sensor gate pulse position shown by a black dot in FIG. 2B having a phase difference of 180 degrees.
6 and 27 are written by the write signal W of the write / read control circuit 30. Of course, the write / read control circuit 30 is controlled by the CPU 29.

The odd image information AO of the first frame A written in the odd and even frame memories 26 and 27 is read out with a delay of one field as shown in FIG. 2D. Of course, these read signals R are also controlled by the CPU 29 via the write / read control circuit 30.

Similarly, the even-numbered image information AE of the first frame is written and read, and the odd-even image information BO and BE of the second frame are written and read in the same manner.

In this example, since 2-3 pulldown is performed, the odd-numbered image information BO of the third field in the 1/20 second period of the second frame overlaps with the first field, so the reading is paused for one field and then read. 3rd frame even image information CE
It is sufficient to sequentially read the even-numbered image information DE and DO of the fourth frame by reading out the odd-numbered image information CO, and then the even-numbered image information DE of the fourth frame is discarded as necessary. You can

That is, in this example, the CPU 29 has the CCD 25
The period between the accumulation start timing of the R, 25G, 25B odd field signal and the readout timing of the even field signal, or the accumulation start timing of the even field signal of CCD 25R, 25G, 25B and the readout timing of the odd field signal By controlling the shutter 4 so that the light from the light source 14 is incident on the CCDs 25R, 25G, and 25B in the period between, and by supplying the address signal according to the standard television system field frequency to the odd field memories 26 and 27. An NTSC system field frequency video signal is obtained from these memories.

In the process processing circuit, blanking mixing,
Black clipping, gain control, pedestal adjustment, shading correction, gamma correction, and the like are performed, and the video signal is supplied to the encoder and converted into a video signal of a standard television system such as the NTSC system.

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the time interval for scraping the film 4 is long, the possibility of scratching the film is reduced, and a telecine device with good image quality can be obtained without damaging the image quality of the film. Further, since the scraping speed becomes slow, the vibration of the optical system is small, and it is possible to obtain the one which can prevent the image blurring and the resolution deterioration.

In the case of the conventional telecine device using the image pickup tube, the charge is read out by scanning the photoelectric conversion film with the electron beam, so that the accumulation time is set at the scanning start point (upper screen) and end point (lower screen). There is a time difference of less than 1 field. For this reason, delicate timing adjustment between the shutter and the scanning of the electron beam was necessary. However, since the field readout type CCD is used in this example, there is no time difference in the timing for reading out the charges within the field, so the shutter timing You get what you don't need to tweak.

[0043]

According to the telecine device of the present invention, the possibility of damaging the film and the surface wobbling are reduced by setting the film scraping speed to once per frame, and a high quality image can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a telecine device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a timing chart of the telecine device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a frame readout CCD for explaining the principle of the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a conventional telecine device.

FIG. 5 is a field read timing chart of a conventional telecine device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 projector 2 lens 3 spectroscopic system path 4 shutter 14 light source 25R, 25G, 25B frame reading CCD 26, 27 odd-even frame memory 29 CPU 30 writing / reading control circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transfer means for transferring a film, a light source for irradiating the film with light, a shutter for selectively blocking the light from the light source, and a light incident through the film as a video signal. In a telecine device equipped with an image-capturing means for converting into an image, the image-capturing means is a CCD of odd-even simultaneous exposure sequential readout system
The image forming device includes a memory that stores an output signal of the CCD image pickup device, a control unit that controls the operation of the shutter, the operation of the CCD image pickup device, and the writing and reading of the memory, and the control unit includes During the period between the accumulation start timing of the odd field signal and the read timing of the even field signal of the CCD image sensor or between the accumulation start timing of the even field signal and the read timing of the odd field signal of the CCD image sensor During the period, the shutter is controlled so that the light from the light source is incident on the CCD image pickup device, and an address signal corresponding to the field frequency of the standard television system is supplied to the memory to cause the standard television to operate from the memory. John system field frequency video signal Telecine apparatus characterized by being made so as to obtain.