JPH05208148A - Ultrafine jet nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To finely devide a particle system and to suppress the rearward rebounding of a liquid by a method wherein a liquid jet orifice part is positioned on the front side in the jet direction of each jet orifice part and an air jet orifice part is positioned on the rear side in the jet direction of said jet orifice part and a liquid and air are injected in a parallel state before and behind. CONSTITUTION:A nozzle 20 is a two-head type wherein the jet orifice parts 21A, 21B of the respective single head nozzle parts 20a, 20b branched from an adaptor connection part 2 are arranged in opposed relationship at a required angle and the jet orifice parts 21A, 21B are allowed to extremely approach each other. Air flows through the air passages 41A-2, 41B-2 provided by the outer peripheral surfaces of nozzle tips 5a, 5B and the inner peripheral surfaces of nozzle tip attaching parts 4A, 4B from the air passages 40A-l, 40B-1 through the air passages 40A-2, 40B-2 of plugs 9A, 9B. A liquid passage 35 and a liquid jet orifice part are positioned in front of an air passage 40-3 in a parallel state. Since the jet orifice parts 21A, 21B are close to each other, collision energy is large and water droplets are finely divided to become ultrafine mists and the rearward scattering of the mists can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultra-fine mist injection nozzle, and more particularly, to a single-head nozzle that mixes and injects two fluids consisting of a liquid such as water, fuel oil, or a chemical liquid and a gas such as air. The parts are composed of multi-head nozzles arranged so as to face each other, and by colliding two fluids ejected from the respective nozzles arranged so as to face each other, the average particle diameter of the liquid (Sauter average particle diameter) is from submicron to 10 microns. The present invention relates to a nozzle capable of generating a fog having an extremely fine particle size of about 100 nm, that is, a dry ultra-fine mist that does not get wet even if it is touched by a hand.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a multi-head type ultra-fine mist jet nozzle of this type, the applicant of the present invention has previously provided JP-A-62-289257. This type of nozzle is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of flow path portions 3A, 3B are provided at the tip of the cylindrical adapter connection portion 2 of the nozzle body 1 so as to be inclined so as to separate from each other, and these flow path portions 3A, 3B are provided.
Nozzle tip mounting portions 4A, 4B that are inclined so as to be close to each other are provided at the tip of B, and each nozzle tip mounting portion 4A,
Nozzle tips 5A and 5B are mounted inside 4B. The nozzle tips 5A, 6A, 6B are provided at the central portions of the nozzles 6A, 6B arranged at the tips of the respective nozzle tip mounting portions 4A, 4B.
The tip of 5B is positioned so that water and air are jetted from the internal passages of these nozzle tips and the gap passages between the nozzle tips and the nozzle tip mounting portion.

The above-mentioned nozzles shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 are outside air type nozzles for injecting water into the central portion and injecting air into the outer peripheral portion thereof. In the nozzle of FIG. 12, the nozzle tips 5A and 5B are arranged. Nozzle 5A-1, 5B-opened on the tip surface
1, and the nozzle shown in FIG. 13 is injecting water from a nozzle 5-1 opened on the side surface near the tip closing surface.

More specifically, the liquid passages (not shown) provided in the adapter 7 connected to the adapter mounting portion 2 are connected to the flow passage portions 3A, 3A.
The liquid passages 8A-1 and 8B-1 of B are communicated with each other, and the plugs 9A,
9B liquid passages 8A-2, 8B-2, nozzle tips 5A, 5
Liquid passages 8A-3, 8B- formed by penetrating the shaft core portion of B
As described above, water is jetted through the nozzles 3 through the nozzles 5A-1 and 5B-1 or 5-1. On the other hand, in the air passage (not shown) provided in the adapter 7,
The air passages 10A-1 and 10B-1 of the flow passage portions 3A and 3B are communicated with each other, and the air passages 10A-1 and 10B-1 are connected.
Nozzle tip 5A, 5B and nozzle tip mounting portion 4A, 4
Annular air passages 10A-2, 10B formed in the gap B
-2, and air is discharged from the annular air injection ports 10A-3 and 10B-3 formed in the inner peripheral parts of the injection ports 6A and 6B.

Since the outside air type nozzle has the above structure, as shown schematically in FIG.
Is jetted in a state in which water is surrounded by air, and the water jetted from the facing jet ports 6A and 6B collides with air, and is jetted forward in a state in which the particles are made finer. It

FIG. 15 (A) shows the above-mentioned outside air type nozzle.
As shown in (B), there is an inside air type nozzle that sprays air around the center of the water. In the inside air type nozzle, an air passage 10 'is formed along the axis of the nozzle tip 5',
A liquid passage 8'is formed between the nozzle tip 5'and the inner circumference of the outer peripheral nozzle tip mounting portion 4'while communicating with the air passage 10 "on the adapter connection side. An orifice 8'-1 consisting of a large number of small holes communicating with the passage 8 "and communicating with the air passage 10 'is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the liquid passage 8'on the nozzle side. Air is ejected to surround it.

[0007]

In the conventional nozzle described above, in the case of the outside air type, as shown schematically in FIG. 14, the orifice of the air passage 10 is located inside the outer periphery of the nozzle tip 5 and the nozzle tip mounting portion 4. While it is formed in a narrow ring shape between the circumferences, in the internal air type, as schematically shown in FIG. 16, the orifice of the liquid passage 8 ′ has a narrow width between the outer circumference of the nozzle tip and the inner circumference of the nozzle tip mounting portion. 15B, or as shown in FIG. 15B, an orifice 8'-1 made of a small-diameter porous material is formed. The width of the above annular orifice is usually about 0.1 mm.

As described above, the outside air type has a small orifice for the air passage and the inside air type has a small orifice for the liquid passage. Therefore, foreign matters mixed in the air or liquid tend to be deposited at these orifices. In particular, as shown in FIG. 15, in the case of the internal mixing type, the deposit is likely to adhere to the exit portion of the orifice 8'-1 of the mixing section.
In this way, if deposits adhere to the orifice,
This will cause clogging and adversely affect the spray.

In addition, in the above-mentioned conventional structure, there is a problem that the temperature of the injection port becomes low due to the adiabatic expansion of air and the injection port is apt to freeze. In particular, in the outside air type, since the annular film of the air jetted in a ring surrounds the outer periphery of the liquid ejection port, the temperature of the entire liquid ejection port is lowered and freezing is likely to occur. In addition, in all conventional nozzles, in order to increase the flow velocity above the speed of sound, it is a divergent nozzle whose diameter is increased toward the tip.
The nozzle part is likely to get colder and freezes more easily. Therefore, the distance L between the facing nozzles 6A and 6B is set to be somewhat long, for example, about 8 mm, so that the nozzles 6A and 6B are separated from each other to prevent the liquid nozzles from freezing.

On the other hand, in the internal air type, since air is surrounded by a liquid annular film, heat is easily absorbed from the outside, and thus freezing is less likely to occur than in the outside air type, but freezing occurs because the liquid annular film is thin. Further, in the inside air type, as shown in FIG. 16, the water sprayed from the outer peripheral portion has a higher rate of flying to the rear side than in the outside air type, and in particular, when the distance L between the facing nozzle portions is reduced and the water is jetted close to each other. The collision energy causes more water droplets to be scattered to the rear side, and the water scattered to the rear side adheres to the connection side of the nozzle (adapter mounting side) and tends to drop as water droplets.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems of clogging due to the accumulation of foreign substances at the orifice and the problem of freezing of the liquid injection port at a low temperature due to adiabatic expansion of air.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a multi-head type nozzle in which the nozzles of the single-head nozzles are arranged to face each other, and liquid and gas are discharged from the nozzles of each single-head nozzle. Nozzles that eject two fluids and collide the ejected two fluids with each other to make the particle size ultrafine.In each of the nozzles, the liquid nozzle is located on the front side in the jet direction and the air on the rear side. The jet port is positioned so that the liquid and the air are jetted in parallel in the front-rear direction, and the opposing jet ports are arranged close to each other so that the collision energy between the two fluids jetted in opposition is large. It is characterized by being.

The air injection port is provided at the tip of the air passage, penetrating along the axis into the nozzle tip assembled in the nozzle body, and the air injection port is located at the center of the injection port of the nozzle body. With a substantially circular cross section, while
The liquid injection port is provided at the tip of the liquid passage, which is an axial notch formed in a sleeve tightly fitted between the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle tip and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle body (including the nozzle adapter). The liquid injection port is located on the front side of the air injection port and has a substantially rectangular cross section.

Further, it is also characterized in that the air passage and the liquid passage communicating with the air jet portion and the liquid jet portion are not provided with an orifice having a reduced flow passage cross-sectional area.

[0015]

As described above, since the orifices are not provided in the air passage and the liquid passage, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of clogging in the orifice portion. By eliminating the orifice, there is a concern that the diameter of the ejected particles may become coarse. However, since the opposing jet nozzles are arranged close to each other to increase the collision energy, the particle diameter can be made ultrafine.

When the above-mentioned nozzles are arranged close to each other and the collision energy is large, there is a problem that the liquid tends to bounce backward, but the problem is that the liquid nozzle is on the front side and the air nozzle is on the rear side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the liquid from bouncing back.

Furthermore, since the outer periphery of the liquid ejection port is not of the outside air type surrounded by the air ejection port, and is not the opposite of the inside air type, the liquid ejection port and the air ejection port are arranged in parallel. Adiabatic expansion of air to the liquid injection port can reduce the effect of lowering the temperature, and freeze of the liquid injection port can be reduced.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an ultra fine mist jet nozzle according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Incidentally, in FIG.
Parts having the same structure as the nozzle shown in FIG. The nozzle 20 of the embodiment is a two-head type in which the respective nozzle openings 21A, 21B of the single-head nozzles 20a, 20b branched from the adapter connecting part 2 are arranged opposite to each other at a required angle. And are located very close to each other as compared with the conventional case.

The shape of the nozzle body 1 is the same as that of the conventional example shown in FIG. 12, and the nozzle tips 5A and 5B and the plugs 9A and 9B are mounted inside the nozzle tip mounting portions 4A and 4B. The liquid passage and the air passage are opposite. That is, the liquid passage of FIG. 12 is an air passage, and the air passage is a liquid passage.
B-1 to air passage 40A provided in the plugs 9A and 9B-
Air passages 40A-3, 40B-3 formed by penetrating the shaft core portions of the nozzle tips 5A, 5B through 2, 40B-2.
Compressed air is flowing into. In addition, the liquid passage 41 of the flow path portion
Air flows from A-1, 41B-1 into air passages 41A-2, 41B-2 formed between the outer peripheral surfaces of the nozzle tips 5A, 5B and the inner peripheral surfaces of the nozzle tip mounting portions 4A, 4B. ..

In the present invention, the nozzle tips 5A and 5B are arranged from the large diameter portion 22 on the plug connecting side to the injection port portion 21 (21A, 21).
A long small diameter portion 23 extending toward B) is made to project from the tip end surface of the nozzle tip mounting portion 4 (4A, 4B) by a required length. On the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip mounting portion 4 surrounding the small diameter portion 23, a cylindrical nozzle adapter 25 (25A,
25B) is fixed, and a sleeve 26 (26A, 26B) is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle adapter 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 23 of the nozzle tip 4. The nozzle adapter 25 may be formed integrally with the nozzle body 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle adapter 2
5 is provided with a tip surface 27 surrounding the tip end surface 24 of the inclined tip surface 24 of the nozzle tip small-diameter portion 23 with a required space (generally sleeve width) surrounding it, and forming a nozzle 28 at the center of the tip surface 27. 28 is disposed on the same axis as the air injection port 29 at the tip of the air passage 40-3 (40A-3, 40B-3) formed along the axis of the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23.

The tip surface 27 of the nozzle adapter 25 (27A,
27B), as shown in FIG. 1, are arranged close to each other so that the rear side is almost in contact, and the distance L between the air injection ports 29 is L.
Is about 1/4 of the nozzle in FIG. 12 and is very close to each other.

Further, the base end side of the nozzle adapter 25 is inclined toward the outer peripheral side along the inner surface shape of the nozzle tip mounting portion 4, and the large diameter of the nozzle tip 4 is provided between the nozzle adapter 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23. It communicates with a liquid passage 31 that communicates with a liquid passage 30 formed in the diameter portion 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, the sleeve 26 which is tightly fitted between the nozzle adapter 25 and the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23 is provided with a notch 33 in a part of its circumference, and the notch 33 is formed.
Is extended to both ends along the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the notch 23 is positioned so as to be located on the front side (injection direction), and the sleeve 26 is tightly fitted between the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23 and the nozzle adapter 25. Therefore, between the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle adapter 25, only the portion of the cutout portion 33 becomes a void, and the void communicates with the liquid passage 31 on the proximal end side. That is, the notch 33 becomes the liquid passage 35.

An inclined portion 36 is provided on the distal end side of the sleeve 26 so as to be closely fitted between the distal end surface 24 of the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23 and the distal end surface 27 of the nozzle adapter 25. The axial notch 33 is also provided at the portion 36.
Are continuously formed, and therefore, the liquid injection port portion 37 is located in front of the air injection port portion 29.

Since the liquid passage 35 and the liquid injection port 37 are formed by the notch 33 having the same shape, they naturally have the same cross-sectional shape, and as shown in FIG. 3, the rectangular shape is slightly curved. It has a shape, and the cross-sectional shape can be approximated to a square by increasing the thickness of the sleeve 26. When the inner diameter of the air passage 40-3 that penetrates the axis of the nozzle tip small diameter portion 23 is D1 and the lateral width of the cutout portion 33 is D2, it is preferable to set D1> D2, and the cutout portion If the vertical width of 33 is D3,
It is preferable to bring D3 close to D2 so that D2 ≧ D3.

As described above, in the nozzle of the present invention, the liquid passage 35 and the liquid injection port portion 37 are arranged only on the front side of the air passage 40-3 so that the liquid passage and the air passage are in parallel with each other. The form does not belong to either the outside air type or the inside air type. Further, the air passage formed penetrating the axial portion of the nozzle tip 4 is not provided with an orifice for reducing the flow passage cross-sectional area, and the liquid passage 35 having a substantially rectangular cross section is also provided with an orifice having the same cross section. Not not.

As shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle 20 described above is preferably attached to a humidifier 50 as shown in FIG. 7 while being fixed to the adapter 7. The humidifier 50 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-342156 filed by the present applicant, and the humidifier 50 itself is directly suspended and attached to an air supply pipe 51, and the humidifier 50 is connected by a water supply pipe 52.
Water is supplied to a fine liquid reservoir installed inside the nozzle so that a super fine mist is generated from a nozzle 20 attached to the humidifier 50.

In addition, when the nozzle 50 is attached to the humidifier 50 as described above and the nozzle nozzle portion and the outer peripheral surface of the container are close to each other, the spray is prevented from adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the container and dropping as water drops. Nozzle tip mounting part 4
It is preferable to attach a pair of upper and lower covers 55A and 55B that straddle both upper and lower sides between A and 4B to the nozzle body 1. Incidentally, these covers may be formed integrally with the nozzle body 1.

Next, the operation of the nozzle of the present invention having the above structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, since the liquid jet port 37 and the air jet port 29 are located in the front and rear of the jet ports 21A and 21B facing each other, the liquid is scattered toward the front of the jet side. , The rate of scattering to the rear side in the opposite direction is small. Further, since the injection ports 21A and 21B are arranged close to each other, the collision energy is large, and the water droplets can be miniaturized to form ultra-fine mist.

That is, since the particles are coarsened by injecting in parallel to the air passage and the liquid passage without providing the orifices, as described above, the injection ports 21A and 21B are provided more than before. By arranging them nearly four times closer to each other and increasing the collision energy, it is possible to compensate for the above-mentioned problems and further miniaturize the particle diameter. When the collision energy is large, the liquid is likely to bounce back, but as described above, the liquid injection port 37 is connected to the air injection port 2.
9 is arranged in front of 9 and air is jetted from the rear of the liquid, so that the liquid can be prevented from bouncing back.

When the Sauter average particle size was measured by varying the air pressure and the spray liquid amount using the nozzle 20 of the above-mentioned example, the results shown in FIG. 8 were obtained. As shown in FIG. 8, when the air pressure was 3 kg / cm ² or more and the spray liquid amount was 2 liters / hour or more, the Sauter average particle size was 10 μm or less.

Similarly, an experiment was conducted by changing the amount of spray water and the amount of air consumption using the nozzle 20. The results are shown in Fig. 9, and the collision energy is not sufficiently large up to an air pressure of 3 kg / cm ^2, so the shearing action of the droplets is not strong and the droplets are slightly rough, and the maximum particle diameter is 80 microns or less. there were. On the other hand, when the air pressure is 3 kg / cm ² or more, the shearing action of the droplet at the time of collision becomes strong, and the maximum particle size is 50 microns or less. Moreover, it was confirmed that the average particle size at that time was 10 microns or less on average as shown in FIG.

Further, in the nozzle of the present invention, the air passage 40-3 which is continuous with the air nozzle portion 29 has the nozzle tip 4
The liquid passage 35, which is formed of a hole having a circular cross section formed penetrating the axial line portion of No. 3, is not provided with an orifice, and similarly, the liquid passage 35 continuous with the liquid injection port 37 has a substantially rectangular cross section and is not provided with an orifice. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the accumulation of foreign matter that has occurred at the orifice portion and reduce the occurrence of clogging.

The time at which clogging occurs is shown in the nozzle 20 of the above embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle of the conventional example (a) shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle of the conventional example (b) shown in FIG. A comparative experiment was performed on the nozzle of the conventional example (C) shown. The results are shown in FIG. 10, and the nozzle of the present invention was able to dramatically delay the timing of clogging as compared with the conventional nozzle.

Further, in the nozzle of the present invention, the liquid and the air are separately injected in parallel instead of the conventional outside air type and inside air type, so that the temperature of the liquid is less likely to be lowered by the adiabatic expansion of the air. The liquid injection port portion 37 is unlikely to be frozen. Moreover, since it is not a divergent type that expands in diameter toward the injection port portion but a tapered type that does not have a flow velocity higher than the sonic velocity, the temperature drop due to adiabatic expansion can be reduced and the liquid injection port portion is hard to freeze.

Regarding the problem of the above-mentioned freezing, comparative experiments were carried out for the nozzle of the present invention and the conventional examples (a), (b) and (c). The result is as shown in FIG.
With the nozzle of the present invention, it was confirmed that freezing does not occur unless the compressed air temperature becomes 3 ° C. or lower, and the temperature at which freezing occurs can be reduced as compared with the conventional nozzle.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description, in the nozzle for injecting two fluids according to the present invention, first, in each single-headed nozzle having the ejection ports arranged to face each other, first, the flow passage area is formed in both the liquid passage and the air passage. Since the orifice having a reduced size is not provided, it is possible to eliminate or reduce the clogging generated at the orifice portion. In order to eliminate the above orifice, in the present invention, the liquid injection port portion, the liquid passage, the air injection port portion, and the air passage are not formed into a thin annular shape in which one of them surrounds the other. It has a substantially rectangular shape. Although there is a problem that the particle diameter becomes coarse without providing the orifice in this way, in the present invention, the facing nozzles are arranged approximately four times closer than the conventional one, and the front side of the jetting side. By arranging the liquid injection port at the rear side and the air injection port at the rear side and arranging them in parallel, the particle size is reduced.

That is, when the facing nozzles are arranged close to each other,
The two fluids jetted from the jet nozzles collide with each other with a large collision energy, and the particles can be made fine. However, when the collision energy is increased by arranging the nozzles close to each other, the liquid is likely to bounce backward, but in the present invention, the liquid is injected from the front liquid nozzle and the air is blown from the rear air nozzle. Since the liquid is restrained from splashing back by air by the air, it is possible to restrain the splashing back of the liquid.

Further, as described above, in particular, if the liquid jet port is of the outside air type and has a ring-shaped thin width to surround the liquid jet port, there is a problem that the liquid jet port is likely to freeze due to adiabatic expansion of air. However, in the present invention, since the liquid injection ports are not formed in an annular shape and are independent of each other in parallel, the occurrence of freezing of the liquid injection ports can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship and a jetting action of a liquid passage of the nozzle of the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a state in which an adapter is attached to the nozzle of the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the nozzle is attached to a humidifier.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cover is attached to the nozzle.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the results of experiments on the performance of the nozzle of the present invention.

FIG. 9 Same as above

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of comparative experiments on the performance of the nozzle of the present invention and other conventional nozzles.

FIG. 11 Same as above

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional outside air type nozzle.

FIG. 13 is another cross-sectional view of a conventional outside air type nozzle.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the liquid passage and the air passage of the outside air type nozzle and the injection action.

15A is a cross-sectional view of a conventional inside air type nozzle, FIG.
[Fig. 3] is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of (A).

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the liquid passage and the air passage of the inside air type nozzle and the injection action.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Nozzle body 2 Adapter connection part 3A, 3B Flow path part 4, 4A, 4B Nozzle tip mounting part 5, 5A, 5B Nozzle tip 20 Nozzle 20a, 20b Single head nozzle part 21A, 21B Nozzle part 23 Nozzle chip small diameter part 25 Nozzle Adapter 26 Sleeve 29 Air jet part 33 Notch part 35 Liquid passage 37 Liquid jet part 40-3 Air passage 41A-1 to 41B-2 Liquid passage

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A multi-head nozzle in which the nozzles of the single-head nozzles are arranged to face each other, and two fluids, liquid and gas, are jetted from the nozzles of each single-head nozzle and the jetted two fluids are made to collide with each other. Nozzle to make the particle diameter ultra fine, and at each of the above-mentioned nozzles, the liquid nozzle is located on the front side in the injection direction and the air nozzle is positioned on the rear side, and the liquid is arranged in parallel in front and rear. An ultra-fine mist jet nozzle configured to jet air and to have a large collision energy between the two fluids jetted in opposition to each other by arranging the jet ports facing each other. 2. The air jet part is located in the center of the jet part and has a substantially circular cross section, and the liquid jet part is located on the front side of the air jet part and has a substantially rectangular cross section. The described nozzle. 3. The air passage and the liquid passage communicating with the air jet portion and the liquid jet portion are not provided with an orifice having a reduced cross-sectional area of the flow passage. Nozzle.