JPH05196702A - Method and apparatus for inspecting rotary electric apparatus - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for inspecting rotary electric apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05196702A JPH05196702A JP2896892A JP2896892A JPH05196702A JP H05196702 A JPH05196702 A JP H05196702A JP 2896892 A JP2896892 A JP 2896892A JP 2896892 A JP2896892 A JP 2896892A JP H05196702 A JPH05196702 A JP H05196702A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- phase
- stator
- electric machine
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
- Tests Of Circuit Breakers, Generators, And Electric Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、多相構造のロータとス
テータを具備し、少なくともロータに永久磁石、ステー
タに多相巻線を施した回転電機の検査方法及びその検査
装置に関し、特に、ステッピングモータの電気的特性と
機械的特性とを検査する検査方法及び検査装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for inspecting a rotating electric machine comprising a rotor and a stator having a polyphase structure, at least the rotor having a permanent magnet and the stator having a polyphase winding. The present invention relates to an inspection method and an inspection device for inspecting the electrical characteristics and mechanical characteristics of a stepping motor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ステッピングモータは、エレクトロメカ
ニカル機能部品として種々の電子機器に組み込まれて使
用されており、ＯＡ機器の発展と共に進歩を遂げてき
た。このステッピングモータは、パルス信号毎に巻線の
励磁電流を切り替えることにより磁気引力または磁気反
発力によって、一定回転角だけ回転歩進連動するもので
あり、パルスからトルクへの変換機である。2. Description of the Related Art Stepping motors are used as electromechanical functional parts by being incorporated in various electronic devices, and have made progress with the development of OA devices. This stepping motor is a pulse-to-torque converter in which the excitation current of the winding is switched for each pulse signal so that the stepping motor is rotationally stepped by a certain rotation angle by a magnetic attractive force or a magnetic repulsive force.
【０００３】例えばＰＭ型パルスモータ（パーマネント
・マグネット型パルスモータ）において、最大静止トル
クと同期脱調トルクを増加させて、パルスモータの性能
を向上させるためには、ロータ磁極からステータ磁極の
コイルに鎖交する磁束Φｍを増加させなければならな
い。該磁束Φｍを増加させるためには、ａ、ロータの表
面磁束密度を大きくする。ｂ、ステータの磁極との対向
面積をでき得るだけ大きくする。ｃ、ロータとステータ
のエアギャップを極力小さくする。という対策が採られ
るが、これらの対策を採った場合、製造上どうしてもロ
ータとステータ間のギャップの大きさの不均一性、ステ
ータとロータの接触等の不具合が発生する。しかし、従
来これらの不都合な部分の検査は、手の触覚や聴覚等の
人間の感覚に頼ることが多い。ところがこのような人間
の感覚に頼って検査を行なった場合、１）検査結果に個
人差が生じて製品の品質の均一化が図れない、２）検査
の質を向上させるための教育に大きな投資が必要であ
る、３）極僅かなロータとステータの接触の判定が分か
りにくい、４）客観的な判定基準を設定することができ
ない、等多くの不都合が生じる。For example, in a PM type pulse motor (permanent magnet type pulse motor), in order to improve the performance of the pulse motor by increasing the maximum static torque and the synchronous step-out torque, the rotor magnetic pole is changed to the stator magnetic pole coil. The interlinking magnetic flux Φm must be increased. In order to increase the magnetic flux Φm, a, the surface magnetic flux density of the rotor is increased. b, the facing area of the stator with respect to the magnetic poles is increased as much as possible. c. Minimize the air gap between the rotor and the stator. However, if these measures are taken, problems such as nonuniformity of the size of the gap between the rotor and the stator and contact between the stator and the rotor will occur inevitably during manufacturing. However, conventionally, inspection of these inconvenient parts often depends on human senses such as tactile sensation and hearing. However, when the inspection is performed by relying on such human senses, 1) individual differences occur in the inspection results and the product quality cannot be made uniform, 2) a large investment in education to improve the inspection quality However, there are many disadvantages such as 3) it is difficult to determine the contact between the rotor and the stator that is extremely small, and 4) it is impossible to set an objective criterion.
【０００４】上記のように人間の感覚による検査の不都
合を避けるため、被測定物に外部センサを取り付け、こ
のセンサ出力によりパルスモータの良否を判定する方法
もある。しかしこの方法は高感度のセンサを使用しなけ
れば検査の実効が上がらない、センサの取り付け方法が
難しい、等など種々の問題がある。In order to avoid the inconvenience of inspection due to human sensation as described above, there is also a method in which an external sensor is attached to the object to be measured and the quality of the pulse motor is judged by the sensor output. However, this method has various problems such that the effectiveness of the inspection cannot be improved unless a high-sensitivity sensor is used, the sensor mounting method is difficult, and the like.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記のよう
な種々の問題点を解決しようとするものであり、その目
的は、ロータに永久磁石を持つ多相モータのロータとス
テータ間の特性異常を人間の感覚によることなく、ま
た、付加センサを用いることなく簡単に発見することが
できるような検査方法とその検査装置を得ることにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve various problems as described above, and an object thereof is to provide a characteristic between a rotor and a stator of a polyphase motor having a permanent magnet in the rotor. An object of the present invention is to obtain an inspection method and an inspection apparatus that can easily detect an abnormality without human senses and without using an additional sensor.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記のような本発明の目
的を達成するために、本発明は、多相構造のロータとス
テータを具備し、少なくともロータに永久磁石、ステー
タに多相巻線を施した回転電機の検査方法において、前
記多相巻線の１相以上の巻線にロータ回転駆動用の交流
駆動電圧を印加して、ロータを回転させながら、前記多
相巻線の励磁していない相（コイル）に誘起した交流電
圧を分析してそれらの波高値から回転電機の特性異常を
検出することを特徴とする回転電機の検査方法と、これ
を実施するための回転電機の検査装置において、前記多
相巻線の１相以上の巻線にロータ回転駆動用の交流駆動
電圧を印加するモータ駆動部と、前記多相巻線の励磁し
ていない相（コイル）に誘起した交流電圧を分析する周
波数解析手段と、該周波数解析手段により解析された各
周波数成分の波高値の大小を判断して回転電機の異常を
判定する異常判定手段とを具備することを特徴とする回
転電機の検査装置を提供するものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention comprises a rotor and a stator having a polyphase structure, at least a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a polyphase winding. In the method for inspecting a rotating electric machine, the AC driving voltage for rotating the rotor is applied to one or more windings of the multi-phase winding to excite the multi-phase winding while rotating the rotor. Method for inspecting rotating electric machine, characterized by detecting alternating current voltage induced in phase (coil) not detected and detecting characteristic abnormality of rotating electric machine from their peak values, and inspecting rotating electric machine for carrying out the method In the device, a motor drive unit for applying an AC drive voltage for rotor rotation drive to one or more phases of the multiphase winding, and an AC induced in a non-excited phase (coil) of the multiphase winding. Frequency analysis means for analyzing voltage, It is to provide an inspection device for a rotary electric machine characterized by comprising an abnormality judging means for judging the abnormality of the rotary electric machine to determine the magnitude of the peak value of each frequency component analyzed by the frequency analysis means.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明の回転電機の検査方法及びその検査装置
において、一番重要な確認項目は、ロータ部とステータ
部の接触及び当たりである。その際、多相モータを敢え
て欠相状態で運転させ、前記欠相コイル間に発生する誘
導電圧を周波数分析し、各周波数のレベルを測定するこ
とにより、ロータとステータ間の特性異常を検査する。
すなわち、前記欠相コイル間に発生する誘導電圧を周波
数分析し、各周波数のレベルを測定することにより、ロ
ータとステータ間の特性異常を検査する。すなわち、前
記欠相コイル間に発生する誘導電圧波形を周波数分析す
ることにより、コイル励磁周波数（各相コイルに実際に
印加される交番電圧の周波数をいう）をｆ0 （Ｈｚ）、
ロータの回転数をｎ（ｒｐｓ）、（ｆ0 〉ｎ）とした場
合、ｆ0 ±ｎ、ｆ0 ±２ｎ、ｆ0 ±３ｎ・・・の成分
は、各々、ロータ１回転に１回、２回、３回・・・・・
影響を及ぼす成分を示し、これらは”当たり”を想定し
た場合、ロータ１回転に１回の当たり、２回の当たり、
３回の当たり・・・に相当するので、これらｆ0 ±ｎ、
ｆ0 ±２ｎ、ｆ0 ±３ｎ・・・の成分の絶対値を測定
し、当たりとの相関を採っておくことによりレベル判定
することができる。勿論、着磁異常、エアギャップ異常
はｆ0 の絶対値の大・小によりチェックすることができ
る。In the inspection method and the inspection apparatus for a rotating electric machine according to the present invention, the most important confirmation items are contact and contact between the rotor portion and the stator portion. At that time, the multi-phase motor is intentionally operated in the open phase state, the induced voltage generated between the open phase coils is frequency analyzed, and the level of each frequency is measured to inspect the characteristic abnormality between the rotor and the stator. ..
That is, the induced voltage generated between the open-phase coils is subjected to frequency analysis, and the level of each frequency is measured to inspect the characteristic abnormality between the rotor and the stator. That is, by performing a frequency analysis on the induced voltage waveform generated between the open-phase coils, the coil excitation frequency (which is the frequency of the alternating voltage actually applied to each phase coil) is f 0 (Hz),
When the number of revolutions of the rotor is n (rps), (f 0 > n), the components of f 0 ± n, f 0 ± 2n, f 0 ± 3n ... 2 times, 3 times ...
Shows the components that affect, assuming "hit", one hit per rotor revolution, two hits,
Since it is equivalent to three hits, these f 0 ± n,
The level can be determined by measuring the absolute values of the components of f 0 ± 2n, f 0 ± 3n ... And taking the correlation with the hit. Of course, the magnetization abnormality and the air gap abnormality can be checked by the magnitude of the absolute value of f 0 .
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】次に本発明の一実施例を、図面を用いて詳細
に説明する。図１は本発明にかかる回転電機の検査方法
を実施するための検査装置を示すブロック図である。図
１において、１は被測定モータであり、この実施例で
は、２相バイポーラ駆動のＰＭ型ステッピングモータで
ある。３はモータ励磁部であり、パルスモータを駆動す
るパルスを発生するパルス発信器から構成されており、
被測定モータのＡ相のＡ，Ａバー端子にのみパルスを印
加している。５は、前記被測定モータ１のＢ相出力電圧
を取り込んで、周波数分析し、各周波数の電圧値を演算
して表示する周波数解析装置であり、内部に前記多相磁
極のＢ相の磁極のコイルに誘起した交流電圧を分析する
周波数解析手段と、該周波数解析手段により解析された
各周波数成分の波高値の大小を判断して回転電機の異常
を判定する異常判定手段とが設けられている。なお、７
は被測定回転電機１のロータ１ａに初期回転力を付与す
る初期回転付与装置である。An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an inspection device for carrying out an inspection method for a rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a motor to be measured, and in this embodiment, it is a PM type stepping motor of two-phase bipolar drive. 3 is a motor excitation unit, which is composed of a pulse generator that generates pulses for driving a pulse motor,
A pulse is applied only to the A and A bar terminals of the A phase of the measured motor. Reference numeral 5 denotes a frequency analysis device that takes in the B-phase output voltage of the measured motor 1, frequency-analyzes it, and calculates and displays the voltage value of each frequency. Frequency analysis means for analyzing the AC voltage induced in the coil, and abnormality determination means for determining the magnitude of the peak value of each frequency component analyzed by the frequency analysis means to determine the abnormality of the rotating electric machine are provided. .. In addition, 7
Is an initial rotation imparting device that imparts an initial rotational force to the rotor 1a of the measured rotary electric machine 1.
【０００９】次に、本発明の実施例の動作を説明する。
まず、被測定モータとして、定格電圧５ボルト、２０ス
テップ、２相バイポーラ駆動のＰＭ型ステッピングモー
タを用いて説明する。被測定モータ１の通常使用パルス
レートは５００ｐｐｓ（基本周波数１２５Ｈｚ）である
ので、基本周波数１２５Ｈｚの矩形波が駆動パルスとし
てモータ励磁部３から被測定モータ１の励磁コイルにＡ
相のＡ，Ａバー端子を介して印加される。この駆動パル
スにより被測定モータ１のステータには、交番磁界（１
相のみであるので、回転磁界は形成されない）が形成さ
れるので、仮に被測定モータ１のロータ１ａに初期回転
付与装置７から回転力を与えると、トルクが働いた方向
にロータ１ａは一定速度で（５００ｐｐｓ／２０ｓｔｅ
ｐ＝２５ｒｐｓ）回転し続ける。万一、ロータが激しく
ステータに接触しており、一相励磁時のモータ発生トル
クより負荷（接触）トルクが大きい場合には、ロータは
回転せず、この場合には、明らかに被測定モータは不良
品であると判定できる。一相励磁時のモータ発生トルク
より負荷（モータ内部の損失）トルクが小さい場合に
は、ロータは回転する。永久磁石からなるロータが一定
速度（２５ｒｐｓ）で連続回転することによりＢ相の端
子Ｂ、Ｂバーには誘導電圧が発生する。本発明では、こ
の誘導電圧を周波数解析装置５により解析して、被測定
モータの良否を判定する。なお、上記実施例では、初期
回転付与装置７から初期回転力を付与しているが、回転
初期にモータ励磁部３から被測定モータ１のＡ相、Ｂ相
にパルスを印加して自己起動させた後、Ｂ相を切り離し
てこの相を周波数解析装置５に接続するように構成して
もよい。Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, a PM type stepping motor with a rated voltage of 5 volts, 20 steps and a two-phase bipolar drive will be described as the motor to be measured. Since the normally used pulse rate of the measured motor 1 is 500 pps (basic frequency 125 Hz), a rectangular wave having a basic frequency of 125 Hz is applied to the excitation coil of the measured motor 1 from the motor excitation unit 3 as a drive pulse.
Applied via the A, A bar terminals of the phase. Due to this drive pulse, the alternating magnetic field (1
Since the rotating magnetic field is not formed because of only the phase), if a rotational force is applied from the initial rotation imparting device 7 to the rotor 1a of the measured motor 1, the rotor 1a will rotate at a constant speed in the direction in which the torque acts. At (500pps / 20ste
continue to rotate (p = 25 rps). In the unlikely event that the rotor violently contacts the stator and the load (contact) torque is greater than the torque generated by the motor during one-phase excitation, the rotor will not rotate. It can be determined that the product is defective. When the load (loss inside the motor) torque is smaller than the torque generated by the motor during one-phase excitation, the rotor rotates. An induced voltage is generated at the B-phase terminals B and B when the rotor composed of a permanent magnet continuously rotates at a constant speed (25 rps). In the present invention, this induced voltage is analyzed by the frequency analysis device 5 to determine the quality of the measured motor. In the above embodiment, the initial rotational force is applied from the initial rotation imparting device 7, but a pulse is applied from the motor excitation unit 3 to the A-phase and B-phase of the measured motor 1 at the initial stage of rotation to self-start. After that, the B phase may be separated and this phase may be connected to the frequency analysis device 5.
【００１０】次に周波数解析装置５による前記誘導電圧
の解析について述べる。前記の被測定モータ１（ＰＭ型
ステッピングモータ）が欠相（１相）運転で脱調せずに
連続的に回転していると仮定すると、Ｂ相から出力され
る電圧の基本周波数と駆動パルスの基本周波数は等し
い。すなわち、本発明の実施例では、１２５Ｈｚとな
る。ここで、エアーギャップの磁束分布が位置に対して
正弦波状に変化する理想的状態を仮定すれば（実際は正
弦波ではなく、高調波を含んだ合成波形となる）、この
とき、Ｂ相に誘起される電圧ｅ0 は、 ｅ0 ＝Ｅｍ・ｓｉｎω0t・・・・・（１） 但し、ω0 ＝２πｆ0 ＝２π＊１２５＝２５０π（ｒａｄ／ｓ） と表現できる。Next, the analysis of the induced voltage by the frequency analysis device 5 will be described. Assuming that the motor to be measured 1 (PM type stepping motor) is continuously rotating without step-out in the open phase (1 phase) operation, the fundamental frequency of the voltage output from the B phase and the drive pulse. Have the same fundamental frequency. That is, it is 125 Hz in the embodiment of the present invention. Here, assuming an ideal state in which the magnetic flux distribution in the air gap changes sinusoidally with respect to the position (actually, it is not a sinusoidal wave, but a composite waveform including harmonics) the voltage e 0 is a, e 0 = Em · sinω 0 t ····· (1) , however, can be expressed as ω 0 = 2πf 0 = 2π * 125 = 250π (rad / s).
【００１１】ところが、ロータが回転することにより電
磁的、機械的要因（電磁的要因 機械的要因）が外乱と
して（１）式の誘導電圧に影響を与える。なぜならば、
（１）式は、電磁的、機械的要因で振幅変調されている
からである。したがって、その合成がロータ回転時のＢ
相出力電圧となる。ここで、前記ロータが回転すること
によりこれに大きく影響を与える外乱成分を式で表現す
れば、次に示す（２）式〜（４）式の様になる。但し、
ｖ1 はロータ１回転で１回影響を与える外乱電圧、ｖ2
はロータ１回転で２回影響を与える外乱電圧、ｖ3 はロ
ータ１回転で３回影響を与える外乱電圧である。 ｖ1 ＝Ｖm1ｃｏｓω1t・・・・・・（２） ｖ2 ＝Ｖm2ｃｏｓ２ω2t・・・・・（３） ｖ3 ＝Ｖm3ｃｏｓ３ω3t・・・・・（４） ここで、ω1 ＝２πｆ1 ＝２π＊２５＝５０π（ｒａｄ／ｓ） 一般的にはＥｍ>>Ｖm1＞Ｖm2＞Ｖm3＞・・・・・・ である。このことから、トータルの外乱成分ｖは、
（２）式〜（４）式の和で代表され、下記の（５）式で
表現される。 ｖ＝ｖ1 ＋ｖ2 ＋ｖ3 ・・・ ＝Ｖm1ｃｏｓω1t＋Ｖm2ｃｏｓ２ω2t＋Ｖm3ｃｏｓ３ω3t・・・・・（５） したがって、これら回転に伴う外乱を考慮した総合のＢ
相電圧ｅは、次に示す（６）式のようになる。 ｅ＝（１＋ｖ）＊Ｅ0 ・ｓｉｎω0t ＝（１＋ｖ1 ＋ｖ2 ＋ｖ3 ・・・）＊Ｅ0 ・ｓｉｎω0t ＝（１＋Ｖm1ｃｏｓω1t＋Ｖm2ｃｏｓ２ω2t＋Ｖm3ｃｏｓ３ω3t・・・） ＊Ｅ0 ・ｓｉｎω0t・・・（６） 上記（６）式を整理すれば、 ｅ＝Ｅ0 ＊ｓｉｎω0t ＋Ｖm1／2 ｛ｓｉｎ（ω0 ＋ω1 ）ｔ＋ｓｉｎ（ω0 −ω1 ）ｔ｝ ＋Ｖm2／2 ｛ｓｉｎ（ω0 ＋ 2ω1 ）ｔ＋ｓｉｎ（ω0 − 2ω1 ）ｔ｝ ＋Ｖm3／2 ｛ｓｉｎ（ω0 ＋ 3ω1 ）ｔ＋ｓｉｎ（ω0 − 3ω1 ）ｔ｝ ・・・・・・（７） となる。上記（７）式を角周波軸上で見ると、図２のよ
うになる。すなわち、駆動（角）周波数ω0 （２５０π
ｒａｄ／ｓ）を中心に、上下対称に（ω0 ±ω1）、
（ω0 ± 2ω1 ）、（ω0 ± 3ω1 ）・・・の（角）周
波数上に外乱電圧レベル（Ｖm1、Ｖm2、Ｖm3・・・）に
比例したレベルの変調周波数成分が現れる。このことに
より回転に伴う外乱電圧（Ｖm1、Ｖm2、Ｖm3・・・な
ど）の大小と周波数分析した結果の角変調周波数成分
（Ｖm1／2 Ｖm2／2 Ｖm3／2 ・・・など）の大小関係に
は２：１という明確な相関関係がある。勿論、回転に伴
う外乱電圧の全く理想的なモータ（Ｖm1＝Ｖm2＝Ｖm3＝
・・・＝０）では、各変調周波数成分は０となり、上下
変調周波数成分は現れない。However, as the rotor rotates, electromagnetic and mechanical factors (electromagnetic factors and mechanical factors) affect the induced voltage of equation (1) as disturbance. because,
This is because the expression (1) is amplitude-modulated by electromagnetic and mechanical factors. Therefore, the composition is B when the rotor is rotating.
It becomes the phase output voltage. Here, if the disturbance component that greatly affects the rotation of the rotor is expressed by an equation, the following equations (2) to (4) are obtained. However,
v 1 is the disturbance voltage that affects once per rotor revolution, v 2
Is a disturbance voltage that affects twice per rotor revolution, and v 3 is a disturbance voltage that affects three times per rotor revolution. v 1 = Vm 1 cos ω 1 t (2) v 2 = Vm 2 cos 2ω 2 t (3) v 3 = Vm 3 cos 3ω 3 t (4) Then, ω 1 = 2πf 1 = 2π * 25 = 50π (rad / s) In general, Em >> Vm 1 > Vm 2 > Vm 3 > ... From this, the total disturbance component v is
It is represented by the sum of equations (2) to (4) and is represented by the following equation (5). v = v 1 + v 2 + v 3 ... = Vm 1 cosω 1 t + Vm 2 cos 2ω 2 t + Vm 3 cos 3ω 3 t (5) Therefore, the total B considering the disturbances caused by these rotations
The phase voltage e is expressed by the following equation (6). e = (1 + v) * E 0 · sinω 0 t = (1 + v 1 + v 2 + v 3 ...) * E 0 · sinω 0 t = (1 + Vm 1 cosω 1 t + Vm 2 cos 2ω 2 t + Vm 3 cos 3ω 3 t ...) * E 0 · sinω 0 t ··· (6) In summary the above equation (6), e = E 0 * sinω 0 t + Vm 1/2 {sin (ω 0 + ω 1) t + sin (ω 0 -ω 1 ) t} + Vm 2/2 {sin (ω 0 + 2ω 1) t + sin (ω 0 - 2ω 1) t} + Vm 3/2 {sin (ω 0 + 3ω 1) t + sin (ω 0 - 3ω 1) t} · (7) FIG. 2 shows the above equation (7) on the angular frequency axis. That is, the drive (angular) frequency ω 0 (250π
(ω 0 ± ω 1 ), symmetrically with respect to rad / s)
A modulation frequency component of a level proportional to the disturbance voltage level (Vm 1 , Vm 2 , Vm 3 ...) is present on the (angle) frequency of (ω 0 ± 2ω 1 ), (ω 0 ± 3ω 1 ) ... appear. Disturbance voltage caused by the rotation by this (Vm 1, Vm 2, Vm 3 ··· , etc.) the magnitude and frequency analysis result of the angular modulation frequency component of (Vm 1/2 Vm 2/ 2 Vm 3/2 ··· There is a clear correlation of 2: 1 in the magnitude relationship of (). Of course, a completely ideal motor (Vm 1 = Vm 2 = Vm 3 =
.. = 0), each modulation frequency component becomes 0, and the upper and lower modulation frequency components do not appear.
【００１２】また、前記した通り、ロータの回転に伴う
外乱電圧は機械的要因によるものと、電磁的要因による
ものの２種類があるが、一般的には機械的要因によるも
の（主としてロータとステータの接触又は当たりなどに
よるもの）は、電磁的要因によるもの（主として磁束分
布のバラツキ、ステータヨークピッチのずれなど）より
も外乱電圧レベルは大きくなるところから、これらを区
別することは比較的に容易である。このことにより、ロ
ータの回転に伴い機械的要因による外乱、すなわち、ロ
ータ、ステータ間の微妙な接触、当たりなどのレベルを
予め実験的に測定しておき、そのレベルの比較によりロ
ータとステータの状態を判断することができる。As described above, there are two types of disturbance voltage due to the rotation of the rotor, one of which is due to a mechanical factor and the other of which is due to an electromagnetic factor. Generally, the disturbance voltage is due to a mechanical factor (mainly of the rotor and the stator). Disturbance voltage levels are larger than those caused by electromagnetic factors (mainly variations in magnetic flux distribution, deviation in stator yoke pitch, etc.), so it is relatively easy to distinguish them. is there. As a result, the level of disturbance due to mechanical factors accompanying the rotation of the rotor, that is, the level of delicate contact between the rotor and stator, contact, etc., is experimentally measured in advance, and the levels of the rotor and stator are compared by comparing the levels. Can be judged.
【００１３】実際のモータ製造ラインにおいては、電磁
的要因においては、電磁的要因によるばらつきをあるレ
ベルの範囲内に管理しておくことも重要であるが、機械
的要因によるロータとステータの接触当たりを取り除く
ことが最高の課題であることは言うまでも無いことであ
る。特に位置决め精度を挙げた狭エアーギャップのステ
ッピングモータでは重要なファクターである。In an actual motor manufacturing line, regarding electromagnetic factors, it is important to manage the variation due to electromagnetic factors within a certain level range, but the contact between rotor and stator due to mechanical factors It goes without saying that removing the is the highest challenge. This is an important factor especially in stepping motors with a narrow air gap, which has high accuracy in position determination.
【００１４】図３は、本発明に係る回転電機の検査方法
により実際に検査した結果を示す特性図であり、検査に
パスした良品の一例である。図３において、周波数解析
装置５の条件は、周波数帯域０〜２００Ｈｚ、サンプリ
ングポイント数１０２４ポイント、ウインドウ関数ハニ
ング、入力部のＡ／Ｄ変換器のビット数１６、である。
なお、この実施例では、ステータとロータの僅かな接
触、当たりの有無を判定することを主眼として検査を行
なったが、実験の結果、外乱電圧（Ｖm1、Ｖm2、Ｖm3・
・・など）のレベルの閾値を７５ｍＶとし、これよりも
低いものを良品と判定した。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the result of actual inspection by the inspection method for a rotating electric machine according to the present invention, which is an example of a non-defective product that has passed the inspection. In FIG. 3, the conditions of the frequency analysis device 5 are a frequency band of 0 to 200 Hz, a sampling point number of 1024 points, a window function Hanning, and a bit number of the A / D converter of the input unit of 16.
In this embodiment, the inspection was conducted mainly for the purpose of determining whether or not the stator and the rotor were slightly in contact with each other, and the presence or absence of the contact, but as a result of the experiment, the disturbance voltage (Vm 1 , Vm 2 , Vm 3
..) was set to 75 mV, and a value lower than this was judged to be a non-defective product.
【００１５】以上の説明では、変調（角）周波数（ω0
±ω1 、ω0 ± 2ω1 、ω0 ± 3ω1 ・・・）について
のみ説明してきたが、中心（角）周波数ω0 の電圧レベ
ルも合せて測定することにより、（角）周波数ω0 の電
圧レベルにより、被測定モータのロータ磁石の着磁異
常、ステータ巻線の巻き数異常なども同時に測定するこ
とができる。また、（角）周波数ω0 近傍のみ拡大して
その広がり（分布）も合わせてチェックすればコイルと
ステータ間の電磁的異常（正弦波に対しての歪の程度）
も測定可能である。In the above description, the modulation (angular) frequency (ω 0
± ω 1 , ω 0 ± 2ω 1 , ω 0 ± 3ω 1 ...), but by measuring the voltage level of the central (angular) frequency ω 0 together, the (angular) frequency ω 0 According to the voltage level of 1, the abnormal magnetization of the rotor magnet of the measured motor, the abnormal winding number of the stator winding, and the like can be simultaneously measured. Also, if only the (angular) frequency ω 0 is expanded and its spread (distribution) is also checked, electromagnetic abnormality between the coil and the stator (degree of distortion with respect to sine wave)
Can also be measured.
【００１６】以上本発明の実施例は、２相の２０ステッ
プＰＭ型ステッピングモータについてのものであるが、
本発明は、相数、ステップ数はこれに限らず、また、Ｐ
Ｍ型ステッピングモータのみならず多相ハイブリッド
型、ＶＲ型のステッピングモータにも適用することがで
きる。更に、ステッピングモータのみならず、多相ブラ
ッシレスＤＣモータにも適用できることは当業者であれ
ば容易に考えられることである。The embodiment of the present invention described above relates to a two-phase 20 step PM type stepping motor.
In the present invention, the number of phases and the number of steps are not limited to this, and P
The present invention can be applied not only to the M-type stepping motor but also to the multi-phase hybrid type and VR type stepping motors. Further, it is easily conceivable to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applied not only to stepping motors but also to multi-phase brushless DC motors.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上詳細に説明したように、本発明によ
れば、回転電機のロータとステータの僅かな接触でも、
これを電気的な信号として定量的にかつ的確に捕らえる
ことができるため、検査の個人差が生ぜず、製品の品質
が安定する。また、回転電機の検査を行なう際、被測定
用の回転電機に接触を検知するセンサを取り付ける必要
が無いので、被検査帯に全く傷を付けることが無く、製
品価値を低下させることが無い。このほか、（角）周波
数ω0 の電圧レベルを測定することにより、コイル異
常、着磁異常、エアギャップ異常を同時に検出すること
ができる。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, even a slight contact between the rotor and the stator of the rotary electric machine
Since this can be captured quantitatively and accurately as an electrical signal, there is no individual difference in the inspection, and the product quality is stable. Further, when the rotating electric machine is inspected, it is not necessary to attach a sensor for detecting contact to the rotating electric machine to be measured, so that the belt to be inspected is not scratched at all and the product value is not reduced. In addition, by measuring the voltage level of the (angular) frequency ω 0 , the coil abnormality, the magnetization abnormality, and the air gap abnormality can be detected at the same time.
【図１】本発明にかかる回転電機の検査方法を実施する
ための検査装置を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an inspection device for carrying out an inspection method for a rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る回転電機の検査方法の結果を示す
一般的な特性図である。FIG. 2 is a general characteristic diagram showing a result of a method for inspecting a rotary electric machine according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明に係る回転電機の検査方法により実際に
検査した結果を示す特性図である。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a result of an actual inspection by the inspection method for a rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
１ 被測定モータ ３ モータ励磁部 ５ 周波数解析装置 1 Motor to be measured 3 Motor excitation part 5 Frequency analysis device
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成４年２月２８日[Submission date] February 28, 1992
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００２[Name of item to be corrected] 0002
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ステッピングモータは、エレクトロメカ
ニカル機能部品として種々の電子機器に組み込まれて使
用されており、ＯＡ機器の発展と共に進歩を遂げてき
た。このステッピングモータは、パルス信号毎に巻線の
励磁電流を切り替えることにより磁気引力または磁気反
発力によって、一定回転角だけ回転歩進運動するもので
あり、パルスからトルクへの変換機である。2. Description of the Related Art Stepping motors are used as electromechanical functional parts by being incorporated in various electronic devices, and have made progress with the development of OA devices. This stepping motor is a converter from a pulse to a torque, which makes a stepping motion by a constant rotation angle by a magnetic attractive force or a magnetic repulsive force by switching the exciting current of the winding for each pulse signal.
Claims (4)
なくともロータに永久磁石、ステータに多相巻線を施し
た回転電機の検査方法において、前記多相巻線の１相以
上の巻線にロータ回転駆動用の交流駆動電圧を印加（励
磁）して、ロータを回転させながら、前記多相巻線の励
磁していない相（コイル）に誘起した交流電圧を分析し
てそれらの波高値から回転電機の特性異常を検出するこ
とを特徴とする回転電機の検査方法。1. A method for inspecting a rotary electric machine, comprising a rotor and a stator having a multi-phase structure, wherein at least the rotor has a permanent magnet and the stator has a multi-phase winding. An AC drive voltage for rotor rotation drive is applied (excited) to the rotor to analyze the AC voltage induced in the non-excited phase (coil) of the multiphase winding while rotating the rotor, and their peak values are analyzed. A method for inspecting a rotating electric machine, comprising detecting an abnormality in the characteristics of the rotating electric machine.
ル）に誘起した交流電圧のうち、ロータ回転駆動用の交
流駆動電圧と同相の電圧波高値の大小から被測定用回転
電機のロータ磁石の着磁異常、ステータ巻線の巻き数異
常ロータ磁石の取付位置異常、ステータ巻き線のレアー
ショートを検出することを特徴とする請求項１記載の回
転電機の検査方法。2. An AC voltage induced in a non-excited phase (coil) of the multi-phase winding, from the magnitude of a voltage peak value in phase with an AC drive voltage for rotor rotation drive, to a rotary electric machine for measurement. The method for inspecting a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein abnormal magnetizing of the rotor magnet, abnormal winding number of the stator winding, abnormal mounting position of the rotor magnet, and rare short circuit of the stator winding are detected.
ル）に誘起した交流電圧のうち、ロータ回転駆動用の交
流駆動電圧とは異なる周波数成分の電圧波高値の大小か
ら被測定用回転電機のロータとステータの異常を検出す
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の回転電機の検査方
法。3. An AC voltage induced in a non-excited phase (coil) of the multi-phase winding, from a magnitude of a voltage peak value of a frequency component different from an AC drive voltage for rotor rotation drive to a measured object. The method of inspecting a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein an abnormality of a rotor and a stator of the rotating electric machine is detected.
なくともロータに永久磁石、ステータに多相巻線を施し
た回転電機の検査装置において、前記多相巻線の１相以
上の巻線にロータ回転駆動用の交流駆動電圧を印加する
モータ駆動部と、前記多相巻線の励磁していない相（コ
イル）に誘起した交流電圧を分析する周波数解析手段
と、該周波数解析手段により解析された各周波数成分の
波高値の大小を判断して回転電機の異常を判定する異常
判定手段とを具備することを特徴とする回転電機の検査
装置。4. An inspection apparatus for a rotating electric machine, comprising: a rotor and a stator having a multi-phase structure, wherein at least the rotor has a permanent magnet, and the stator has a multi-phase winding. A motor drive unit for applying an AC drive voltage for rotor rotation drive to the motor, a frequency analysis unit for analyzing an AC voltage induced in a non-excited phase (coil) of the multiphase winding, and an analysis by the frequency analysis unit. An abnormality determination device for determining abnormality of the rotating electrical machine by determining the magnitude of the crest value of each frequency component thus generated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2896892A JP3252362B2 (en) | 1992-01-20 | 1992-01-20 | Inspection method for rotating electric machine and its inspection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2896892A JP3252362B2 (en) | 1992-01-20 | 1992-01-20 | Inspection method for rotating electric machine and its inspection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05196702A true JPH05196702A (en) | 1993-08-06 |
| JP3252362B2 JP3252362B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 |
Family
ID=12263217
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2896892A Expired - Fee Related JP3252362B2 (en) | 1992-01-20 | 1992-01-20 | Inspection method for rotating electric machine and its inspection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3252362B2 (en) |
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| CN117491756A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 深圳麦格米特电气股份有限公司 | Phase failure detection method, training method of phase failure detection network model and related device |
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