JPH05195452A - Dyeing method of polyester textile product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accomplish dyeing good in fastness in deep-colored fashion with high dye utility by exhaustion dyeing of a polyester-based textile product in a specific elevated temperature range. CONSTITUTION:A polyester-based textile product is put to exhaustion dyeing at 145-190 deg.C using pref. a heat-resistant disperse dye in an aqueous system, accomplishing unconventionally deep-colored dyeing. By this method, dye exhaustion rate can be improved with excellent fastness. In particular, by applying to ultrafine fibers, a hue range comparable to that applied to conventional polyester fibers can be realized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of dyeing a polyester fiber structure, which is capable of deep-color dyeing and improving its color developability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyester fibers have a high refractive index among synthetic fibers, and are significantly inferior in color developability to acetate even at the same dye concentration. In addition, since the surface area per constant weight of the ultrafine fiber increases and diffuse reflection (white light) on the fiber surface increases, it is said that the dye of the same amount does not have a color density of the dyed yarn as compared with the ordinary yarn. In order to obtain a dark-colored product, so-called high-density dyeing, which uses a dye concentration of 2 to 6 times that of ordinary yarn, is required.

The problems of high-concentration dyeing are: (A) a large amount of dye is required, utilization efficiency of the dye is reduced, and the cost becomes high. (B) Dyeing and washing of the dyeing machine take a long time. (C) The fastness of the dyed product of the ultrafine fiber is lowered. That is, many problems occur in terms of color developability, quality, workability, and cost, and there is a strong demand for improvement of these problems.

As a method for improving the color developability of polyester fibers, an attempt to increase the dye exhaustion rate by using a swelling agent, JP-A-54-120728, and JP-A-55-107521. Proposes the formation of a more complicated and dense concave-convex structure with the fine particles as the nucleus when the polyester fiber in which the inorganic fine particles are dispersed is reduced in weight with an alkali.

[0005]

However, the method using a swelling agent generally has a drawback that the light resistance is lowered, and the one having a fine uneven structure has an improved coloring property. However, the unevenness is destroyed by friction, and the use is limited to some extent, which is not a general-purpose method.

Therefore, at the time of dyeing polyester fibers, there is currently no technique capable of improving the utilization efficiency of dyes, reducing costs, and providing dyeings having excellent durability and fastness. Is the actual situation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dyeing method capable of preventing a decrease in dye utilization efficiency and providing an excellent deep-colored dyeing product at a low cost.

[0008]

The present invention has the following constitution in order to achieve such an object.

That is, the method for dyeing a polyester fiber structure of the present invention is characterized in that, in dyeing a polyester fiber structure, it is exhausted in an aqueous system in the range of 145 ° C to 190 ° C.

[0010]

In general, dyeing of a polyester fiber structure is inferior in color developability. As a countermeasure against this, the dye concentration is increased, but such a method cannot improve the utilization efficiency of the dye. However, not only the cost but also the drainage had a big problem.

The present invention not only focuses on the dye concentration,
As a result of careful examination of the relationship between the dyeing temperature and the dye fixation, focusing on the fact that the fiber structure can be remarkably changed in a specific temperature range, and by utilizing such a change in the fiber structure,
It was clarified that a high concentration of dye can be fixed inside the fiber.

That is, the present invention has succeeded in ensuring that the dye is firmly fixed by absorbing the dye in the highest possible concentration inside the fiber by adopting the dyeing temperature condition that causes the structural change of the fiber.

According to the present invention, the dye utilization efficiency can be improved even in high-density dyeing, and the amount of dye used can be reduced as compared with the conventional method, and a dyeing product excellent in fastness can be provided. There is an advantage that. In particular, since ultrafine fibers have extremely low color developability even with the same dye concentration as ordinary yarn, it is usually dyed with 2 to 6 times the dye as compared with ordinary yarn, and such high concentration dyeing is required. In this case, the present invention can be said to be the most suitable dyeing method.

The polyester fiber in the present invention includes polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and various modified polymers thereof as the polyester component, but is not particularly limited. Among these, it is preferable that at least 90% or more of the repeating units synthesized from dicarboxylic acid and diol having high heat resistance are polyethylene terephthalate.

The ultrafine fibers referred to in the present invention are fibers having a size of 1d or less, preferably 0.5d or less, and more preferably 0.1d or less. Such ultrafine fibers may be those produced by any method such as those generally produced from sea-island type composite fibers, those produced by the direct spinning method, and those produced from split type conjugate fibers. The fibrous structure includes yarn, cotton, cloth, non-woven fabric, sheet and the like, and is not particularly limited. Also, a mixed product of polyester fiber and other fiber may be used.

The present invention employs dyeing conditions in which the dyeing temperature is high, which has not been considered in conventional dyeing. That is, the dyeing temperature is 145 ° C to 190 ° C, preferably 150
C. to 180.degree. C., most preferably 160.degree. C. to 170.degree. C., are employed. In this case, high pressure conditions may be used. Although the dyeing time varies depending on the dye concentration, it can be dyed sufficiently within 60 minutes. Any dye may be used as long as it can dye polyester fibers, but disperse dyes are preferably used, and among them, heat resistant disperse dyes are most preferably used.

Other than water, for example, a swelling agent for polyester fibers or a pH adjusting agent may be added to the dye bath. According to the present invention, the deeper the dyed product, the more its true value is exhibited. For example, a dark color dye having a dye concentration (commercially available dye is 100% as a standard), preferably 2% by weight or more, and more preferably 3% by weight or more, can be stably and reproducibly supplied.

After dyeing, a usual soaping step may be incorporated if necessary. Further, when the fiber structure is brought closer to the original state by a heat treatment at 160 ° C. or higher, preferably a dry heat treatment after dyeing, the fiber physical properties and the dyeing fastness are further improved.

[0019]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 (1) Sample As the normal yarn, the warp yarn is 50d-18f, and the weft yarn is 75d.
A woven fabric (textured taffeta) made of -36f was refined and set. The ultrafine yarn is polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 4 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a sea component, polyethylene terephthalate 50d-1f (1f-70 islands) as an island component, and a sea-island ratio of 1
A woven fabric composed of 0:90 (texture: taffeta) was subjected to desea splitting treatment with an alkali to obtain a fabric composed of 0.06d ultrafine fiber yarn. The cloth was treated by the following method.

(2) Dyeing conditions The following dyes, dyeing times and bath ratios were used.

Dye: Samaron Blue GSL
-400 100% (OWF) (Hoechst, disperse dye) Dyeing time: 60 minutes, Bath ratio: 1:40 (3) Dyeing temperature Dyeing was carried out at the dyeing temperature shown below.

Dyeing temperature is 130 ° C .: Normal yarn is Comparative Example 1:
Extra fine yarn is Comparative Example 2 145 ° C .: Regular yarn is Example 1: Extra fine yarn is Example 6 150 ° C .: Regular yarn is Example 2: Extra fine yarn is Example 7 160 ° C .: Regular yarn is Example 3: Extra fine yarn Example 8 170 ° C .: plain yarn Example 4: ultrafine yarn Example 9 180 ° C .: plain yarn Example 5: ultrafine yarn Example 10 (4) Soap treatment , Wash with water, wash with hot water, 100 ℃
Dried in.

(5) Measurement A. Color developability (L value) The L value was obtained as the color developability using a multi-light source spectrophotometer (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). The smaller the numerical value of the color development L value,
It shows that it is deeply dyed. B. Amount of dye (-LOGT) 50 mg of dyed cloth is sampled, 20 cc of solvent is added, and the temperature is 55 ° C.
Dissolved in. The absorbance (-LOGT) of this solution was measured with a self-recording spectrophotometer (U-3400 type: manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), and the results are shown in Table 1. The solvent used is phenol /
A solution of ethane tetrachloride in a ratio of 6: 4 was used. C. Dyeing fastness Select a typical dyeing fastness and wash fastness (J
IS L0844) and friction (JIS L0849) were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0024]

[Table 1] As is clear from Table 1, the dye amount is small (dye exhaustion rate is low) and the color developability is low at the general dyeing temperatures of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. However, Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention are Comparative Examples 1 to 2.
Compared with the standard yarn, the tendency is slightly different between the ordinary yarn and the ultrafine yarn, but the dye amount increases as the dyeing temperature increases, and as a result, the color developability also improves. The maximum value of the dye amount is 5.7 times for the ordinary yarn (Example 5) and 2.4 times for the ultrafine yarn (Example 9), and it can be said that the present invention is highly dyed and highly colored. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a color developability higher than that of a normal yarn even if an ultrafine yarn having a low color developability is used, which is an ideal method for dyeing an ultrafine yarn (Comparative Example 1 and Examples 7 to 8). ..

[0025]

[Table 2] Further, as is clear from Table 2, although the present invention has a large amount of dye and high dyeability, the dyeing fastness is Comparative Example 1
It can be said that the present invention, which has a great effect of improving the dyeing property, is remarkably advantageous, which is not much different from the above.

[0026]

According to the present invention, the dye exhaustion rate is improved,
Not only does the utilization efficiency of the dye be improved, but in particular, ultrafine fibers having a density in the hue range equivalent to that of ordinary yarn, which cannot be obtained by the conventional method, can be obtained. In addition, a dyeing method for a polyester-based fiber structure, which has extremely excellent dyeing fastness and is versatile, can be provided.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for dyeing a polyester fiber structure, which comprises exhausting an aqueous system in the temperature range of 145 ° C. to 190 ° C. in dyeing a polyester fiber structure. 2. The method for dyeing a polyester fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the dye concentration is 2% by weight or more. 3. The method for dyeing a polyester fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein a heat treatment at 160 ° C. or higher is carried out after dyeing. 4. A polyester-based fiber structure comprises an ultrafine thread.
The dyeing method for a polyester fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing content is 0% or more.