JPH05188073A - Moving direction judging device for moving body and entering and leaving number counting method using this device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the required number of detecting sensors for monitoring a moving body by providing a perforated plate changed in its transmission area in the moving direction of the moving body, and detecting light and heat rays transmitted through the perforated plate by a sensor so as to judging the moving direction by a change with the elapsed time of detection output caused by the passing of the moving body. CONSTITUTION:The perforated plate 3 of a detector 2 is provided with through holes 31 changed in the opening width so as to change transmission area toward the advancing direction of a passing person, and each through hole 31 is formed of a wide hole and a slit. A CdS light receiving element 23 is disposed above the perforated plate 3. The detector 2 is installed at the ceiling of a passage in the state of the longitudinal direction of the through holes 31 coinciding with the passage direction. When the passing person crosses below the wide hole, the light reflectance of the passing person is generally smaller than that of the floor surface, so that the output of the light receiving element 23 is reduced suddenly, and becomes the smallest right under the wide hole and thereafter is increased gradually into the initial standard value. When the passing person crosses from the slit side, the output is gradually reduced in the beginning and increased suddenly afterwards. This change is data-processed to allow the moving direction of the passing person to be judged and entering and leaving persons to be counted separately.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moving body such as a passerby passing through an entrance / exit of a building, and more particularly to a moving direction discriminating apparatus for discriminating the moving direction of the moving body and a method of counting the moving bodies by direction. ..

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are cases in which a person counting device for counting the number of persons who enter and exit a venue is installed at the entrance and exit of a venue such as a department store or an exhibition. The number of people staying in the venue can be grasped and managed by finding the difference in the number of people entering and leaving. In such a case, it is necessary to determine the moving direction of a passerby passing through the entrance and exit to determine whether the passerby is an exiter or an entrancer. For this reason, conventionally, a device as shown in FIG. 15 is usually used. there were.

On the ceiling (C) of the passage (A) near the doorway, there are detection sensors arranged at intervals in the traveling direction of the passerby (D).
(10) (10) is provided, these detection sensors (10) (10)
The detection signal of is processed by the processing device (11). Further, the processing device (11) is provided with a display unit (12) for displaying the difference between the visitors and the exiters who have passed through the passage (A), that is, the number of stayers in the venue.

In this device, one of the two detection sensors (10) (10) arranged in the traveling direction of the passerby (D) passes below it depending on which one first outputs the detection signal. Determine whether the passerby (D) is an entrance or an exit. The processing device (11) calculates the difference in the number of people who enter and exit, and displays it on the display unit (12). However, in the above-mentioned conventional one, since the order of occurrence of two detection signals is determined, two detection sensors (10) (10) that output two detection signals are required, and the detection sensors (10) There was a problem that the required number could not be reduced further. In particular, in a wide passage (A) or the like, it is necessary to dispose a plurality of rows of detection sensors (10) (10) in the width direction of the passage (A), so the detection sensors (10) (10) However, there is a disadvantage that the required number is increased.

In the above-mentioned conventional example, the passerby passing through the aisle of a department store or the like has been described, but the two detection sensors (10) and (10) are used to determine the moving direction of the traveling vehicle on the road. In any case, there is a problem similar to the above. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, in the "device for monitoring the inside of the moving path and determining the moving direction of the moving body passing through the moving path", a detection sensor for monitoring the moving body ( The task is to be able to reduce the required number of 10).

[0006]

[Technical Means] The technical means for solving the above problems are
“A screen provided with a perforated portion whose signal transmission area changes in the moving direction of the moving body, and a detection sensor for detecting a light ray or a heat ray transmitted through the perforated portion from the inside of the moving path, The moving direction of the moving body is determined according to the magnitude of the change over time in the output of the detection sensor that occurs with passage. ”

[0007]

The above technical means operates as follows. The detection sensor monitoring the inside of the moving path detects energy such as a light ray or a heat ray incident from the moving path through the perforated portion of the screen. Now, when the moving body passes through the moving path, the energy such as heat and reflected light emitted by the moving body is detected by the detection sensor through the perforated portion of the screen, compared to the case where the moving body does not exist. The output of the detection sensor begins to change.

Comparing the case where the moving body enters the screen from the direction of the area having a small signal transmission area and the case where the moving body enters from the opposite direction, the detection sensor output with respect to the increase in the amount of entry into the area having a small signal transmission area. The degree of change changes more slowly than in the opposite case (when the amount of entry into a region having a large signal transmission area increases). That is, the degree of change in the output of the detection sensor varies depending on the moving direction of the moving body with respect to the screen.

Therefore, by determining whether the output change degree is "large" or "small", it is possible to determine in which direction the moving body has moved with respect to the screen. The passing direction of the moving body on the moving path on which is arranged can be known.

[0010]

[Effect] The present invention has the following unique effects. Since the moving direction of the moving body is determined by the magnitude of the change over time in the output of the detecting sensor caused by the passage of the moving body, it is necessary to dispose two detecting sensors at intervals in the moving direction. The required number of the detection sensors is smaller than that of the conventional one.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment is one in which the present invention is implemented as a counting device for a passerby passing through an entrance / exit of a building. As shown in Fig. 1, a detector is installed on the ceiling (C) of the passageway (A) near the doorway.
(2) is attached, and in this embodiment, three detectors (2) (2) (2) are provided in the width direction of the passage so that a plurality of passers-by traveling in parallel with the passage (A) can detect each. Is provided. Then, the detection signals of these detectors (2) (2) (2) are
It is applied to 1) and processed as described later.

As shown in FIG. 2, the detector (2) has a casing (20) whose lower surface has an opening window (21) opened therein, a condenser lens (22) incorporated therein, and a focus thereof. And a light receiving element (23) arranged in the section, and further, is composed of a perforated plate (3) horizontally arranged between the condenser lens (22) and the light receiving element (23), The condenser lens (22) is attached to the peripheral edge of the opening window (21) on the lower surface of the casing by a rubber ring (24) fitted and fitted to the peripheral edge. In this embodiment, the perforated plate (3) corresponds to the screen described in the above-mentioned technical means, and the light receiving element (23) corresponds to the detection sensor described in the above-mentioned technical means. Correspond.

The perforated plate (3) has through holes (31) and (31) whose opening widths change so as to change the signal transmission area in the traveling direction of the passerby (D), that is, in the passage direction. Has been done,
As shown in FIG. 3, each through hole (31) (31) is a rectangular wide hole (32).
And an elongated slit (33) following this. The dimensions of each side of the wide hole (32) and the slit (33) have the following dimensional relationship in this embodiment.
That is, when the width of the wide hole (32) is d, the wide hole (32)
The length is 2d, the width of the slit 33 is (d / 4), and the length is 4d. still,
The light coming from the thick part of the body of the passerby (D) is collected by the condenser lens (2
When the light is focused in 2) and passes through the wide hole (32) portion, the width of the light in the pedestrian traveling direction (width in the chest thickness direction) is adjusted so that it exactly matches the length of the wide hole (32). The length 2d of the wide hole (32) is set. This allows passersby (D) who walk at normal speed
The time required for the light coming from the device to traverse the through hole (31) of the perforated plate (3) in the longitudinal direction is about 1 second.

Further, the light receiving element (23) arranged above the perforated plate (3) employs Cds (cadmium sulfide) whose resistance changes due to the amount of received light in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the light receiving element (23) and an amplifier (25) for amplifying the output are housed in a sensor housing section (27) arranged above the detector (2) (see FIG. 2). The signal of the amplifier (25) for amplifying the output of the light receiving element (23) is applied to the A / D input terminal (40) of the microcomputer (4) as shown in FIG. A power switch (41) and a display unit (12) are connected to the microcomputer (4).

In this structure, the longitudinal direction of the through hole (31) and the passage
The detector (2) is installed on the ceiling (C) of the aisle (A) with the direction of (A) aligned. By the way, when the passerby (D) does not pass through the passage (A), the light reflected from the floor surface of the passage (A) is collected by the condenser lens (22) and detected by the light receiving element (23). It is in the state of being In the following, the detection output of the light receiving element (23) when the passerby (D) does not pass is referred to as a “standard value”.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the passerby (D) passes through the passage (A) in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure, that is, in the direction from the wide hole (32) to the slit (33), and the entrance and exit. When there is an entry from (B), the body of a passerby (D) who wears clothes with a light reflectance different from the floor of the aisle (A) first begins to cross below the wide hole (32). It will be. Then, assuming that the body of the passerby (D) is smaller than the light reflectance of the floor surface of the passage (A), the amount of light received by the light receiving element (23) decreases along the solid line S1 in FIG. When (D) reaches directly under the wide hole (32), the floor below the detector (2) is hidden most by passersby (D). Therefore, the amount of light received by the light receiving element (23) becomes the minimum state P, and thereafter, as the passerby (D) progresses, the passerby (D) advances.
Since (D) goes out from the space below the wide hole (32),
The output of (23) increases, and a narrow slit for passersby (D).
In the final state where it has finished passing through the space below (33), the light receiving element (2
The output of 3) will increase moderately (see Q in the figure). Then, the output of the light receiving element (23) returns to the initial standard value Y.

On the other hand, conversely to the above, when a passerby (D) exiting the entrance (B) passes below the detector (2), the passerby (D) will see the slit () in the perforated plate (3). It moves from 33) toward the wide hole (32), and the detection output of the light receiving element (23) in this case is as shown by the imaginary line S2 in FIG.
It changes in the opposite manner to the above-mentioned entry of the passerby (D). That is, in the initial stage of passage of the passerby (D), a region Q in which the output of the light receiving element (23) changes slowly and then a region R in which the output suddenly changes occur.

Next, the processing operation of the microcomputer (4) for processing the output of the light receiving element (23) will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. ． When the power switch (41) is turned on, an initial setting operation is performed to set the values of the number N of visitors and the number M of exits to "0" as shown in the reference numeral (71). ． Next, as shown by the reference numeral (72), it is monitored whether or not the output of the light receiving element (23) changes from the standard value Y, and the passerby (D) passes through the passage (A) and the light receiving element ( When the output of (23) changes from the standard value Y, as shown in drawing code (721), "0.2
Wait for "seconds". Then, the variable I is set to "1" as shown in the drawing symbol (73), and the output and the standard value of the light receiving element (23) 0.2 seconds after the passerby (D) starts passing. The absolute value of the difference of Y is stored as the initial change amount A, and the cumulative value B used for accumulating the output change of the light receiving element (23) is set to "0".

It should be noted that the absolute value of the difference between the output of the light receiving element (23) and the standard value Y is adopted as the initial change amount A because the passerby (D)
This is because the same processing program can be used regardless of whether the light reflectance of the body is higher or lower than the reflectance of the floor surface of the passage (A). ． Then, the steps of drawing symbols (74), (75), and (751) are repeatedly executed, and the variable I is set at 0.1 second intervals until the output of the light receiving element (23) returns to the standard value Y. The output of the light receiving element (23) and the standard value Y that change with time while increasing by 1 "
The absolute value of the difference is accumulated to obtain a cumulative value B. ． When it is determined that the output of the light receiving element (23) has returned to the standard value Y and the passerby (D) has finished passing, the drawing reference numeral
The step (76) is executed, and the cumulative value B is divided by the variable I which is the cumulative number of times to obtain the average value C of the output changes of the light receiving element (23). ． When the average value C is obtained, the step of the drawing symbol (77) for comparing the magnitude of the average value C with the initial change amount A (the output change value of the light receiving element (23) at the beginning of the passage of the passerby (D)) is executed. To do. When the latter initial change amount A is large,
That is, when the output change amount of the light receiving element (23) at the initial stage of passage of the passerby (D) is larger than the average value C, the passerby (D)
It can be seen that has moved in the direction of the slit (33) from the wide hole (32) of the through hole (31) in the perforated plate (3). Number of visitors N = number of visitors N + 1 ”is executed to set the value of the number of visitors N to“ 1 ”
Only increase. On the other hand, when the initial change amount A is smaller than the average value C, the passerby (D) is contradictory to the above and the perforated plate (3)
Since it can be seen that the through hole (31) of (1) was moved in the direction from the slit (33) toward the wide hole (32), in this case, the reference numeral (7)
In the step of 9), the value of the number M of discharged persons is increased by "1". In this embodiment, the number of visitors N and the number of exits M are counted according to the amount of change in the output of the light receiving element (23), which corresponds to the entrance / exit counting device of claim 5. ． When the number N of visitors and the number M of exits are counted as described above, the difference between the numbers of visitors and exiters, that is, the number of stayers in the room is calculated in the processing unit (1
It is displayed on the display section (12) of 1).

As described above, according to the above, the moving direction of the passerby (D) can be determined only by incorporating the single light receiving element (23). Further, in the above embodiment, the opening width of the through hole (31) is discontinuously changed in the traveling direction of the passerby (D), but the opening width is continuously changed as shown in FIG. The hole (31) may be formed in the perforated plate (3). In this case, when a passerby moves from the wide side to the narrow side of the through hole (31) (see the solid line S1 in FIG. 8), compared to the case of the imaginary line S2 showing the case of moving in the opposite direction. The output of the light receiving element (23) begins to change rapidly. Therefore, also in this case, the moving direction of the passerby (D) can be determined by performing data processing in the same manner as above.

Although Cds is used as the light receiving element (23) in the above embodiment, a phototransistor may be used instead of it, and far infrared rays emitted from the body of the passerby (D). A pyroelectric sensor that receives a voltage to generate a voltage may be used. FIG. 9 shows another example of the output processing program of the light receiving element (23), the details of which will be described below.

In the following, the passerby (D) is the detector.
It is assumed that the vehicle passes through the space below (2) in 1 second, and the output of the light receiving element (23) is the minimum in FIG. 10 after the passerby (D) begins to enter the space below the detector (2). Perforated plate so that the time required to reach state P takes "1/4 second"
It is assumed that the shape and dimensions of the through hole (31) in (3) have been determined. Further, the slope of the reference line S0 set between the solid line S1 and the imaginary line S2 in FIG. 10 at the initial stage when the passerby (D) starts to enter the space below the detector (2) is referred to as a reference slope L. ． The number of visitors N in the step of drawing code (81) in FIG. 9
Also, the number of exits M is set to "0". ． In the step of reference numeral (82), the number of times of sampling I of the light receiving element (23), the sampled light receiving element (23)
The cumulative value SUM of the output and the cumulative count J are set to "0" respectively.
Set to. ． Next, in the step of drawing code (83), the light receiving element
The output of (23) is stored in the memory A (I), and the output of the light receiving element (23) stored in the memory A (I) is monitored for change from the standard value Y. ． At the step indicated by the reference numeral (84), a waiting time of 10 msec is executed to increase the value of the sampling frequency I by "1", and then the current output of the light receiving element (23) is stored in the memory A (I). (Refer to the step of drawing code (85)), Memory A
Memory A (I) that stores the absolute value of the current output of the light receiving element (23) stored in (I) and the output of the light receiving element (23) 10 msec before
-1) Compare the absolute values of the contents and if the former is larger,
The change amount ΔA of these two is calculated (drawing symbol (86), (8
See step 7)). That is, when the passerby (D) continues to move in one direction in the space below the detector (2), the light receiving element
The amount of change in output (23) (the amount of change during 10 msec) is calculated. Then, the change amount of the output of the light receiving element (23) is accumulated in the step of the drawing code (88) to obtain a cumulative value SUM,
The number of sampling times I is 1 for the operation of obtaining the cumulative value SUM.
Repeat until it exceeds 1. That is, 120 msec has passed after the passerby (D) approached the space below the detector (2) and the light receiving element (2
The output change amount of 3) is accumulated and stored as the accumulated value SUM. ． Next, in the step indicated by the reference numeral (91), the cumulative value SUM is divided by the cumulative number of times J to obtain the average change amount B of the light receiving element (23). The average change amount B and a predetermined reference gradient L
(Slope of the reference line S0) is compared, and if the former is large, the number N of visitors is counted up, and in the opposite case, the number M of exits is counted up. Then, in the step of the drawing symbol (94), the number of stayers as the difference between the number N of visitors and the number M of exits is displayed on the display unit (12).

When the step of the drawing code (86) is executed, the output of the light receiving element (23) at that time is not larger than the output of the light receiving element (23) 10 msec before that, and the sampling frequency I is If it does not exceed “11”, that is, until 120 msec has passed (until the minimum state P in FIG. 10 is reached) after the passerby (D) approaches the space below the detector (2). If the passerby (D) is stopped, the process returns to the step of waiting for 10 msec and sampling the output of the light receiving element (23) without accumulating the output change amount of the light receiving element (23) (see the drawing). Codes (86), (95), (84), (8
See step 5)).

FIG. 11 shows a perforated plate (3) used in the second embodiment.
In this example, circular through holes (31) and (31) are bored, and the arrangement density thereof is set so as to change in the direction of the passage (A). When the perforated plate (3) is used in place of the perforated plate (3) used in the first embodiment, the arrangement density of the through holes (31) (31) is changed from the coarse direction to the dense direction. Light receiving element Light receiving element
Since the output change mode of (23) is different, the moving direction of the passerby (D) can be determined in the same manner as above.

FIG. 12 shows a perforated plate (3) used in the third embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the through hole (31) (31) formed in the perforated plate (3).
The area of the road is set so that it changes in the traveling direction of the passerby (D) (direction of the passage (A)). In this device, depending on whether the passerby (D) moves from the side of the through hole (31) with a large area to the side of the through hole (31) with a small area or in the opposite direction, the light receiving element (23) 13 is different from that shown in FIG. 13, whereby the moving direction of the passerby (D) can be determined in the same manner as the above.

FIG. 14 shows a perforated plate (3) used in the third embodiment.
In the modified example, the through holes (31) and (31) adjacent in the traveling direction of the passerby (D) are arranged in a zigzag pattern by shifting in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. Even in this case, the through hole (3
1) Since the area of (31) is set to change in the traveling direction of the passerby (D), the moving direction of the passerby (D) can be determined.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an installation state of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view of a detector (2) used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the operation of the first embodiment.

[Fig. 4] Connection diagram of the micro computer (4) and its peripheral components

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a processing program stored in the microcomputer (4).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the through hole (31) of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of a modified example of the through hole (31).

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing another processing program stored in the microcomputer (4).

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram of another processing program stored in the microcomputer (4).

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a perforated plate (3) used in the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a perforated plate (3) used in the third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of the action of the perforated plate (3) of FIG.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of a modified example of the perforated plate (3) used in the third embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (A) ・ ・ ・ Passage (C) ・ ・ ・ Ceiling (D) ・ ・ ・ Passersby (2) ・ ・ ・ Detector (3) ・ ・ ・ Perforated plate (31) ・ ・ ・ Through hole (23) ···Light receiving element

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A device for monitoring the inside of a moving path to determine the moving direction of a moving body passing through the moving path, wherein a perforated portion whose signal transmission area changes in the moving direction of the moving body is provided. Provided with a screen and a detection sensor for detecting a light ray or a heat ray passing through the perforated portion from the inside of the moving path, the movement of the moving body depending on the magnitude of the change over time in the output of the detecting sensor caused by the passage of the moving body. A moving direction determination device for a moving body that determines the direction. 2. The moving direction discriminating apparatus for a moving body according to claim 1, wherein a perforated plate having a through hole whose opening width changes in the moving direction of the moving body is used as the screen. 3. The moving direction discriminating apparatus of the moving body according to claim 1, wherein a perforated plate having a large number of through holes whose arrangement density changes in the moving direction of the moving body is used as the screen. 4. The moving direction discriminating apparatus of the moving body according to claim 1, wherein a perforated plate having a plurality of through holes whose opening area changes in the moving direction of the moving body is adopted as the screen. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the moving path is provided near the doorway.
Is a device that counts the number of exits and entrances of moving bodies that pass through the entrance / exit using a signal output from the transfer direction determination device, and the output of a detection sensor with the passage of the moving body over time. When the degree of change is large, one of the number of exits and the number of entries is counted up, and when the degree of change of the output is small, the number opposite to the counted number is counted up.