JPH05179269A - Lubricant - Google Patents
LubricantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05179269A JPH05179269A JP34583691A JP34583691A JPH05179269A JP H05179269 A JPH05179269 A JP H05179269A JP 34583691 A JP34583691 A JP 34583691A JP 34583691 A JP34583691 A JP 34583691A JP H05179269 A JPH05179269 A JP H05179269A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fullerene
- substituent
- lubricant
- introducing
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、表面エネルギ−が低
く、かつ安定な球状分子に係り、可動部分を有する装
置、機械類に好適な潤滑剤に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stable spherical molecule having a low surface energy, and relates to a lubricant suitable for devices and machines having moving parts.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】潤滑とは、摩擦面に油その他の物質を塗
布して、摩耗、焼け付きを防ぎ、摩擦を減らすことであ
る。この概念は可動機構のある装置、器械類には必須の
ものである。特に、高度な信頼性を要求される磁気ディ
スク、将来においては、マイクロマシ−ンなどにおいて
もその重要性は増してくるであろう。2. Description of the Related Art Lubrication is the application of oil or other substance to the friction surface to prevent wear and burn and to reduce friction. This concept is indispensable for devices and instruments with movable mechanism. In particular, magnetic discs which are required to have high reliability, and in the future, their importance will increase in micromachines and the like.
【０００３】潤滑剤として最も多く用いられるものは潤
滑油で、両固体間に薄い油膜を生じて全加重を支えると
共に両面を完全に離して減摩作用をする。液体潤滑を用
いるときには、摩擦面が厚い潤滑剤の面でへだてられた
潤滑の状態を理想とする。膜が数分子層の程度に薄くな
れば、境界潤滑の状態にはいる。この場合には、液体潤
滑の状態に比べ摩擦係数は増大し、摩耗も増え、また焼
き付きの危険が生じる。実際の潤滑面では少なくとも部
分的に境界潤滑の状態が混在しているのが通例である。The most commonly used lubricant is a lubricating oil, which forms a thin oil film between both solids to support the total weight and at the same time to completely separate the two surfaces to reduce the friction. When using liquid lubrication, it is ideal to have a lubrication state where the friction surface is thickened by the surface of the lubricant. If the film becomes as thin as a few molecular layers, boundary lubrication is entered. In this case, the coefficient of friction increases, the wear also increases, and the risk of seizure occurs, compared with the case of liquid lubrication. On the actual lubrication surface, it is customary that the boundary lubrication state is mixed at least partially.
【０００４】従来の潤滑剤の主なものは、摩擦面に油そ
の他の物質を塗布して、摩耗、焼け付きを防ぎ、摩擦を
減らすものである。液体潤滑を用いるときには、摩擦面
が厚い潤滑剤の面でへだてられた潤滑の状態を理想とす
る。膜が数分子層の程度に薄くなれば、境界潤滑の状態
にはいる。この場合には、液体潤滑の状態に比べ摩擦係
数は増大し、摩耗も増え、また焼き付きの危険が生じ
る。この様な危険を避けるため、より微細で、潤滑性の
よいものが要求されている。特に、高度な信頼性が要求
される磁気記憶装置においては、記録密度の向上に伴
い、従来の潤滑剤では不十分となり、磁気ヘッドと磁気
ディスクの間の対摩耗性、潤滑特性を向上させることが
必須の技術となっている。また、将来においてはミクロ
ンオ−ダ−のモ−タ−などのような極微な機械装置、マ
イクロマシ−ンなどにおいても、より微細で潤滑性のよ
いものの必要性が増してきている。The main type of conventional lubricant is to apply oil or other substance to the friction surface to prevent abrasion and burning, and reduce friction. When using liquid lubrication, it is ideal to have a lubrication state where the friction surface is thickened by the surface of the lubricant. If the film becomes as thin as a few molecular layers, boundary lubrication is entered. In this case, the coefficient of friction increases, the wear also increases, and the risk of seizure occurs, compared with the case of liquid lubrication. In order to avoid such a danger, finer and better lubricity is required. In particular, in a magnetic storage device that requires a high degree of reliability, conventional lubricants become insufficient as the recording density increases, and wear resistance between the magnetic head and the magnetic disk and lubrication characteristics are improved. Is an essential technology. Further, in the future, there is an increasing need for finer and better lubricity for micromachines such as micron-order motors and micromachines.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、上記
のような技術の現状に鑑み、非常に表面エネルギ−が低
く、優れた潤滑性を有する微小な球状分子を提供するこ
とにある。すなわち、基本的には、分子サイズのベアリ
ングを提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide minute spherical molecules having a very low surface energy and excellent lubricity in view of the above-mentioned state of the art. That is, it is basically to provide a molecular size bearing.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本課題は、フラ−レン分
子をフッ素化することにより、表面のフッ素原子の構成
比が大きくなり、潤滑性の向上がはかれる。また、フッ
素化フラ−レンに他の材料に吸着、又は結合させるため
の置換基を導入することにより、潤滑剤の固定化が図れ
る。The object of the present invention is to improve the lubricity by fluorinating a fullerene molecule to increase the composition ratio of fluorine atoms on the surface. Further, the lubricant can be fixed by introducing a substituent into the fluorinated fullerene for adsorbing or binding to another material.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】従来から知られている高い撥水性を持つものに
テフロンがある。これはポリエチレン構造の水素を完全
にフッ素原子で置換したものである。炭化水素の水素原
子をフッ素原子で置換すると、その炭化水素の表面エネ
ルギ−は大きく低下することが知られている。これは、
Ｃ−Ｆ間の強い結合エネルギ−とＣ−Ｆ結合の分極率が
小さいことに由来している。したがって、表面エネルギ
−は材料末端基の種類に依存しＣＦ3基が最も低い。[Function] Teflon has been known to have high water repellency. This is a polyethylene structure in which hydrogen has been completely replaced by fluorine atoms. It is known that when a hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon is replaced with a fluorine atom, the surface energy of the hydrocarbon is significantly reduced. this is,
This is because the strong bond energy between C and F and the polarizability of the C and F bond are small. Therefore, the surface energy depends on the type of material end group, and CF 3 group is the lowest.
【０００８】本発明では、上記のような撥水性、潤滑性
の点で優れたＣ−Ｆ結合を形状的な強度の点で優れた球
対称の形を持つフラ−レン分子に付与することにより、
分子サイズの大きさでそれらの諸特性を達成できる。In the present invention, the C—F bond excellent in water repellency and lubricity as described above is imparted to a fullerene molecule having a spherical symmetric shape excellent in shape strength. ,
Their properties can be achieved with a large molecular size.
【０００９】フラ−レンは炭素原子のみで構成された球
状分子の総称で、Ｃ60、Ｃ70、Ｃ76、Ｃ78、Ｃ84など多
くのものが知られている。これらのフラ−レン分子は、
強い反応性を持つフッ素ガス中で加熱することにより、
フッ素化反応を起こす。完全にフッ素化反応をしてしま
う前に、すなわち、未反応部分を残した状態で反応をや
める。しかる後に、これらの分子を他の材料に吸着、又
は結合させるための置換基を導入する。これにより、磁
気ディスクなどの表面にフッ素化フラ−レンの皮膜を形
成することができ、潤滑性の好適な表面とすることがで
きる。Fullerene is a general term for spherical molecules composed only of carbon atoms, and many such as C 60 , C 70 , C 76 , C 78 and C 84 are known. These fullerene molecules are
By heating in fluorine gas with strong reactivity,
Causes fluorination reaction. Before the fluorination reaction is completed, that is, the reaction is stopped while leaving the unreacted portion. Thereafter, a substituent for adsorbing or binding these molecules to another material is introduced. As a result, a film of fluorinated fullerene can be formed on the surface of the magnetic disk or the like, and the surface having suitable lubricity can be obtained.
【００１０】これらのフラ−レン分子は、水素原子が部
分的に付加したものでも良い。These fullerene molecules may be those in which hydrogen atoms are partially added.
【００１１】他の材料に吸着、又は結合させるための置
換基には、白金、パラジュウム、コバルト、オスミウ
ム、クロム、ジルコニウム、タングステン、マンガン、
ニッケル、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、鉄など
を含む金属錯体の利用などが好適である。Substituents for adsorbing or binding to other materials include platinum, palladium, cobalt, osmium, chromium, zirconium, tungsten, manganese,
It is preferable to use a metal complex containing nickel, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iron or the like.
【００１２】ラジカル付加反応のための試薬としては、
（ＰｈＣＯ2）2などの過酸化物などが良い。As a reagent for radical addition reaction,
A peroxide such as (PhCO 2 ) 2 is preferable.
【００１３】他の材料に吸着、又は結合させるための置
換基の末端には、カルボン酸基、エステル、アミノ基、
ニトリル基、などの極性基、反応性を有する基などが望
ましい。A carboxylic acid group, ester, amino group,
A polar group such as a nitrile group and a reactive group are preferable.
【００１４】また、重合性官能基としては、炭素の二重
結合、三重結合を含むものである。The polymerizable functional group contains a carbon double bond or triple bond.
【００１５】潤滑性の付与のためには、潤滑性を付与す
べき表面に吸着、または、化学反応によりフッ素化フラ
−レン誘導体の皮膜を形成させる。また、フッ素化フラ
−レン誘導体を基板材料と混合させ、コンポジットフィ
ルムとして形成させる方法もある。その場合、フッ素化
フラ−レン部分がフィルム表面に現れようとするため、
フィルム表面の潤滑性は良好なものとなる。In order to impart lubricity, a film of a fluorinated fullerene derivative is formed on the surface to be lubricated by adsorption or by chemical reaction. There is also a method of mixing a fluorinated fullerene derivative with a substrate material to form a composite film. In that case, since the fluorinated fullerene portion tends to appear on the film surface,
The lubricity of the film surface becomes good.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に
説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により何ら限定を受
けるものではない。EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
【００１７】〈実施例１〉真空容器中でカ−ボンロッド
を接触させ、一旦１ｔｏｒｒ以下の真空にしたうえで、
ヘリウムガスを１００ｔｏｒｒまで導入し、その状態で
カ−ボンロッドに２４ボルト１００Ａの電流を流し、黒
色ススとしてのフラ−レンの混合物を得た。そのススを
ベンゼン溶媒で抽出し、液体クロマトグラフィ−でフラ
−レン類の分別を行ない約９８％のＣ60を得た。<Embodiment 1> A carbon rod is brought into contact in a vacuum container to once make a vacuum of 1 torr or less.
Helium gas was introduced up to 100 torr, and a current of 24 V and 100 A was applied to the carbon rod in that state to obtain a mixture of fullerenes as black soot. The soot was extracted with a benzene solvent, and the fullerenes were separated by liquid chromatography to obtain C 60 of about 98%.
【００１８】次に、ボンベより取り出したフッ素ガスを
銅パイプを通じドライアイスをエタノ−ルに加えた冷媒
中を通すことにより、不純物としてのフッ化水素を取り
除いた。得られたフッ素ガス中でＣ60をルツボにいれ加
熱した。数日後、Ｃ60は、一旦暗褐色に代わり、その後
淡褐色となった。その状態で反応を止め、ＩＲスペクト
ル、核磁気共鳴スペクトル、元素分析などの手段によ
り、解析したところＣ60Ｆ42であることが確認できた。Next, the fluorine gas taken out from the cylinder was passed through a copper pipe through a refrigerant in which dry ice was added to ethanol to remove hydrogen fluoride as an impurity. C 60 was placed in a crucible and heated in the obtained fluorine gas. After a few days, C 60 once turned dark brown and then became light brown. The reaction was stopped in that state, and analysis by means of IR spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, elemental analysis and the like confirmed that it was C 60 F 42 .
【００１９】得られたＣ60Ｆ42１００ｍｇと［（Ｃ
6Ｈ5）3Ｐ］2Ｐｔ（η2−Ｃ2Ｈ4）５０ｍｇを３．５ｍ
ｌのトルエンに溶解させ、窒素雰囲気下で２時間反応さ
せた。その結果、黒色の沈殿が得られた。濾過、トルエ
ン洗浄、ヘキサン洗浄後、［（Ｃ6Ｈ5）3Ｐ］2Ｐｔ（η
2−Ｃ60Ｆ42）が得られた。100 mg of the obtained C 60 F 42 and [(C
6 H 5 ) 3 P] 2 Pt (η 2 -C 2 H 4 ) 50 mg to 3.5 m
It was dissolved in 1 l of toluene and reacted under a nitrogen atmosphere for 2 hours. As a result, a black precipitate was obtained. After filtration, washing with toluene, and washing with hexane, [(C 6 H 5 ) 3 P] 2 Pt (η
2 -C 60 F 42) was obtained.
【００２０】これをポリメチルメタクリレ−トフィルム
に吸着させたところ、水にぬれない表面となり、潤滑性
の良い表面となった。When this was adsorbed on a polymethylmethacrylate film, it had a surface that was not wet with water and had a good lubricity.
【００２１】〈実施例２〉実施例１により得られた
［（Ｃ6Ｈ5）3Ｐ］2Ｐｔ（η2−Ｃ60Ｆ42）をポリメチ
ルメタクリレ−トフィルムと混合し、コンポジットフィ
ルム化したところ、水にぬれない表面となり、潤滑性の
良い表面となった。Example 2 [(C 6 H 5 ) 3 P] 2 Pt (η 2 -C 60 F 42 ) obtained in Example 1 was mixed with a polymethyl methacrylate film to form a composite film. As a result, the surface became non-wettable and the surface had good lubricity.
【００２２】〈実施例３〉ベンゼンにより抽出されたフ
ラ−レン混合物から、実施例１の分別操作により、Ｃ70
を得た。次に、実施例１と同様の方法により、フッ素化
反応、白金錯体との反応を行なったところ、実施例１と
同様の結果を得た。<Example 3> From the fullerene mixture extracted with benzene, the C 70
Got Next, when the fluorination reaction and the reaction with the platinum complex were performed by the same method as in Example 1, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
【００２３】〈実施例４〉実施例１により得られたＣ60
Ｆ42存在下で（ＰｈＣＯ2）2（ここでＰｈはフェニル
基）を熱分解するとフェニル基が２個付加したものが得
られた。Example 4 C 60 obtained in Example 1
Thermal decomposition of (PhCO 2 ) 2 (where Ph is a phenyl group) in the presence of F 42 gave a product having two phenyl groups added.
【００２４】これをポリメチルメタクリレ−トフィルム
に吸着させたところ、実施例１と同様の結果を得た。When this was adsorbed on a polymethylmethacrylate film, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】本発明の方法によれば、潤滑性の良い皮
膜を表面に固定できるので、撥水性、潤滑性の点で優れ
た表面が得られる。According to the method of the present invention, a film having good lubricity can be fixed on the surface, so that a surface excellent in water repellency and lubricity can be obtained.
【００２６】[0026]
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ１０Ｎ 20:00 Ｚ 8217−4Ｈ 30:06 40:06 40:14 60:00 (72)発明者 石橋 雅義 埼玉県比企郡鳩山町赤沼2520番地 株式会 社日立製作所基礎研究所内─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C10N 20:00 Z 8217-4H 30:06 40:06 40:14 60:00 (72) Inventor Masayoshi Ishibashi 2520, Akanuma, Hatoyama-cho, Hiki-gun, Saitama Prefectural Institute of Hitachi, Ltd.
Claims (6)
の材料に吸着、又は結合させるための置換基を含むこと
を特徴とする潤滑剤。1. A lubricant comprising a fullerene having a fluorine atom bonded thereto, and a substituent for adsorbing or bonding to another material.
式がＣ60Ｆｍであり、ｍの値が６以上５４以下の整数で
あることを特徴とする上記請求項１記載の潤滑剤。2. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the fullerene having a fluorine atom bonded thereto has a molecular formula of C 60 Fm, and the value of m is an integer of 6 or more and 54 or less.
式がＣ70Ｆｍであり、ｍの値が６以上６４以下の整数で
あることを特徴とする請求項１記載の潤滑剤。3. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the fullerene having a fluorine atom bonded thereto has a molecular formula of C 70 Fm, and the value of m is an integer of 6 or more and 64 or less.
換基に金属錯体が含まれることを特徴とする請求項１記
載の潤滑剤。4. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the substituent for adsorbing or binding to another material contains a metal complex.
換基をラジカル付加反応により結合させることを特徴と
する請求項１記載の潤滑剤。5. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein a substituent for adsorbing or binding to another material is bound by a radical addition reaction.
換基に重合性官能基を含むことを特徴とする請求項１記
載の潤滑剤。6. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the substituent for adsorbing or binding to another material contains a polymerizable functional group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34583691A JPH05179269A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Lubricant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34583691A JPH05179269A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Lubricant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05179269A true JPH05179269A (en) | 1993-07-20 |
Family
ID=18379312
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34583691A Pending JPH05179269A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Lubricant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05179269A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0743282A1 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Marijan Bradic | Process for the preparation of polyfluorofullerenes and uses thereof |
| JP2005325198A (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-24 | Ideal Star Inc | Fluorinated fullerene-containing resin composition and molded product using the same |
-
1991
- 1991-12-27 JP JP34583691A patent/JPH05179269A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0743282A1 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Marijan Bradic | Process for the preparation of polyfluorofullerenes and uses thereof |
| JP2005325198A (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-24 | Ideal Star Inc | Fluorinated fullerene-containing resin composition and molded product using the same |
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