JPH0517023A - Granular powder quantitative supply apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a granular powder quantitative supply apparatus which can supply a small quantity of granular powder quantitatively without lowering the magnitude of vibration applied to a vibration type granular powder supply device to such a degree as to obstruct a flow of granular powder. CONSTITUTION:It is possible to freely control the space between a gate 3 for limiting the amount of passing of a granular powder flow F of a spiral surface 2 of the uppermost portion of a vibration type granular powder supply device and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface, the distance of a supply hole 6 for granular powder from the gate 3, the position on the width of the spiral surface of the hold, and the diameter thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied mainly to a very wide range of fields from ceramics to pharmaceuticals and minute parts, and in particular to a vibrating powder feeder,
The present invention relates to a powder and granular material quantitative supply device for quantitatively supplying a small amount of powder and granular material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A spiral surface provided on the inner surface of a bowl which also functions as a powder and granular material reservoir is vibrated so that the powder and granular material climbs up, and the powder and granular material falls by gravity from a supply hole formed in the spiral surface at the top of the bowl. The supply amount of the granular material in the conventional vibrating type granular material supplying device is adjusted by changing the moving speed of the granular material according to the intensity of the vibration applied to the supplying device.

The larger the diameter of the particles, the faster the movement of the particles due to vibration. That is, when the particle diameter is large, the weight is usually large, so that the moving speed represented by weight, that is, the weight supplying speed, becomes faster than the moving speed of the particles. In order to supply a fixed amount, it is necessary to make the particle diameter of the powder or granule constant. However, in order to keep the particle size of the powder particles constant, even if the particles are classified by a sieve, the distribution range of the particle size is only narrowed. Therefore, the particles are supplied from the powder particles having a large particle size, and the particle size gradually increases. Since it becomes smaller, it is unavoidable that the supply rate gradually decreases.

Further, if the finely classified particles have a very narrow particle size distribution range, or if a large amount of classified particles are used in the bowl of the reservoir, the rate of decrease of the supply rate is increased. Can be made smaller. However, all of them have a problem that classification requires a large amount of cost, and in addition, quantitativeness cannot be essentially secured. On the other hand, when supplying a small amount of powder or granules, the supply speed of the powder or granules is slowed, so that the intensity of vibration given to the feeder is adjusted weakly, but in this case, even if the diameter of the particles becomes slightly smaller, There is a problem that the moving speed becomes slow, it becomes difficult to supply a fixed amount, and in extreme cases, the granular material does not move at all.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The strength of vibration applied to the feeder is determined by the smooth movement of the granular material, that is, the granular material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a powder and granular material quantitative supply device capable of quantitatively supplying a small amount of powder and granular material without weakening the flow of the powder.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a powdery granular material supply device of the present invention is provided with a powdery granular material flow on the uppermost spiral surface of a vibrating powdery granular material feeder. By making it possible to adjust the distance between the gate that limits the passage amount and the outer peripheral wall of the spiral surface, the distance from the gate of the supply hole for the powder and granules, the position on the width of the spiral surface, and the diameter thereof by appropriate means. It is composed. In addition, the flow rate of gas is controlled to flow through a bypass provided at a position where the powder and granules do not flow, and the amount of branching of the powder and granule flow to the supply hole is adjusted. Freedom is also a preferred configuration.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a powder and granular material quantitative supply device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an operating condition in the vicinity of a supply hole on the uppermost spiral surface of a bowl of a vibrating powder and granular material feeder to which the present invention is applied. Figure 1
In, 1 is the outer peripheral wall of the spiral surface, 2 is the uppermost spiral surface,
The mesh portion F represents the granular material flow, and 3 is a gate that limits the amount of passage of the granular material flow F on the uppermost spiral surface 2, and 4 is the inner circumference of the uppermost spiral surface 2, and It also serves as an outer peripheral wall of the lower spiral surface 5, 6 is a powder supply hole for the granular material, and 7 is a reflux groove.

Next, the gate 3 adjusts the passage width of the granular material flow F by adjusting the space between the gate 3 and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface, and restricts the passage amount of the granular material to supply it. Is adjusted. The granular material flow F whose movement is restricted by the gate 3 moves along the front surface of the gate 3 and drops from the inner circumference 4 of the uppermost spiral surface 2 to the lower spiral surface 5.

Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the distance between the gate 3 and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface without weakening the vibration intensity applied to the vibrating powder feeder until it interferes with the smooth movement of the powder flow F. Therefore, it is possible to quantitatively supply a certain amount of quantity. However, if the interval between the gates 3 is extremely narrowed in order to reduce the supply amount, the powder particles are apt to adhere to them, and the particles do not move smoothly. If the vibration is strengthened, the adhesion can be prevented. The supply will also increase.

On the other hand, the granular material flow F which has passed through the space between the gates 3 usually spreads gradually from the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface as shown by meshes in FIG. However, when a strong vibration is applied to this feeder, the feeder moves almost without spreading from the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface and reaches the vicinity of the feed hole 6. The reason for this is that the spiral-shaped outer peripheral wall 1 is designed so that the granular material flow F can easily climb the spiral surface provided on the inner surface of the bowl due to vibration.
It is processed so that the side is slightly lower than the inner peripheral side,
Moreover, since the movement of the granular material flow F is fast under strong vibration, it reaches the vicinity of the supply hole 6 before the moving zone of the granular material flow F spreads.

The inventors of the present invention have found the phenomenon as a result of various experiments and studies on the vibrating powder and granular material feeder, and arrived at the present invention. Therefore, it is desirable that the supply hole 6 should be provided in the center of the spiral surface width at a distance from the gate 3 where this phenomenon often appears, with a diameter of approximately half of the spiral surface width. As shown by the mesh in FIG. 1, the band of the granular material flow F gradually spreads from the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface, reaches the supply hole 6, and is supplied by gravity falling. Further, the flow of the granular material F that has not reached the supply hole 6 is caused by the reflux groove 7 provided at the uppermost portion of the bowl from the inner circumference 4 of the uppermost spiral surface to the lower spiral surface 5.
To fall. Next, as the vibration intensity of the feeder increases, the spread of the band of the granular material flow F from the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface decreases,
The granular material flow F reaching the supply hole 6 is also reduced. When the vibration exceeds a certain strength, the band of the granular material flow F hardly spreads, moves between the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 and the supply hole 6, and reaches the reflux groove 7, that is, the granular material is Will not be supplied.
The vibration range up to this point is the range in which a small amount of powder or granular material can be supplied in a fixed amount, and is the main part of the present invention.

Further, if the position of the supply hole 6 is in the band of the granular material flow F which moves at the strongest vibration, the granular material is supplied,
In this case, the supply amount is likely to increase as the vibration intensity of the feeder increases, but the smooth movement of the granular material flow F is not hindered by the weak vibration applied to the feeder,
The purpose of metering a small amount of powder is achieved.
Whether the amount of powder or granular material supplied increases with the increase in vibration intensity,
Whether or not the amount is reduced depends on the positional relationship of each part of the apparatus of the present invention and the property of the supplied powder or granular material.

Particularly important factors are how the band of the granular material flow F spreads and the supply holes 6, and how the band of the granular material flow F spreads is
The distance between the gate 3 and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface, the distance of the supply hole 6 from the gate 3, the climbing slope of the spiral surface of the bowl inner surface, the inclination of the spiral surface from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral wall side, It is affected by the nature of movement. However, any of these factors can be uniquely determined. That is, the supply hole 6
Needs to be provided so that its position and diameter satisfy the above requirements, and the position of the supply hole 6 is such that the band of the granular material flow F spreads appropriately from the gate 3 (adjustable by the interval of the gate 3). A suitable distance is approximately the center of the spiral surface width. Also,
It is appropriate that the diameter of the supply hole 6 is approximately half the width of the spiral surface,
It can be adjusted by, for example, screwing in a tubing made of the same material as the bowl in which the supply hole 6 is provided.

Next, when the powder and granules are supplied together with the gas, it is convenient to supply the gas from the powder and granule supply hole 6 as well, but the diameter of the supply hole 6 of the apparatus of the present invention may be small. Therefore, when a large amount of gas is flown, the gas flow velocity at the inlet of the supply hole 6 becomes large, and the powder particles in the vicinity are sucked into the supply hole 6.
This principle is the same as the suction of water in spraying.

Therefore, the operating condition of the vibrating granular material feeder according to another embodiment will be schematically described with reference to sectional views. In FIG. 2, as in FIG. 1, 1 is the outer peripheral wall of the spiral surface, 2 is the uppermost spiral surface, 6 is the cross section of the supply hole, 4 is the inner circumference of the uppermost spiral surface 2, and the lower spiral surface. It is also the outer peripheral wall of No. 5. Also,
The mesh portion on the uppermost spiral surface 2 and the lower spiral surface 5 schematically represents the cross section of the granular material flow F, and in the lower spiral surface 5, the granular material flows through the entire width of the spiral surface, On the upper spiral surface 2, the granular material flow F whose passage width is limited by the gate 3 similarly to that shown in FIG. 1 gradually spreads from the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 and reaches the supply hole 6 and falls. Furthermore, 8 in the figure is
It is a bypass that passes through the inside of the supply hole 6 from the outer peripheral wall 4 of the lower spiral surface 5 that is also the inner circumference 4 of the uppermost spiral surface.

When the diameters of the bypass 8 and the supply hole 6 are smaller than the flow rate of the gas supplied to the inside of the bowl together with the powder / granular material, the powder / granular material near the inlet of the supply hole 6 is sucked and the supply hole 6 is supplied. Is assumed to have spread to A shown by the dotted line in FIG. The imaginary position A of the supply hole 6 is a position where the granular material flow F passes between the supply hole 6 and the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 and reaches a reflux groove 7 (not shown) if there is no gas flow rate.

Therefore, as the vibration strength increases, the passing amount of the powder or granular material often increases, and when the virtual position A of the supply hole 6 approaches the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1, it becomes difficult to supply a small amount. The above fact indicates that the supply amount of the powdery or granular material can be controlled also by the gas flow rate to the supply hole 6. A method of supplying gas from a place other than the powder / particle supply hole 6 in the bowl is also conceivable.
The method of supplying from the supply hole 6 is simple.

Further, the flow rate of the gas to be supplied is determined separately from the supply amount of the granular material, and the size of the diameter of the supply hole 6 is also limited. Therefore, in the present invention, the bypass 8 in which the granular material does not flow
By freely controlling the gas flow rate to the supply hole 6, the gas flow rate in the supply hole 6 is indirectly controlled, and therefore, the supply amount of the powdery or granular material is controlled. The control method of the gas flow rate to the bypass 8 uses not only the change in the diameter of the bypass 8 but also the change in the number thereof. If the gas flow rate to the bypass 8 is sufficiently larger than the gas flow rate to be supplied, the suction of the powdery particles by the gas flow can be ignored, so the supply hole 6 and the virtual position A
Will almost match.

Next, in order to make it possible to ignore the suction of the powdery particles by the gas flow without using the bypass 8, and the distance between the gate of the powdery particle supply hole 6 and the position on the spiral surface width. And to easily and surely adjust its diameter and
An operation state of the vibrating granular material feeder according to another embodiment in which the granular material flow F is branched will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, 1 to 7 are exactly the same as those in FIG.
9 is a wedge-shaped branch. Similar to FIG. 1, the granular material flow F shown by meshes, after passing through the interval of the gate 3, gradually spreads from the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface, moves in a band shape, and reaches the supply hole 6. Branch 9 having a wedge-shaped tip provided immediately before the supply hole 6
This powder and granular material flow F reaches the supply hole 6, and reaches the reflux groove 7 and reaches from the inner circumference 4 to the lower spiral surface 5 of the uppermost spiral surface.
Make sure to branch to what falls into. The ratio between the two is adjusted by the distance between the wedge-shaped tip of the branch 9 and the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the spiral surface 2 on the uppermost part of a commercially available aluminum alloy parts feeder bowl will be specifically described with reference to FIG. The radius of the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 at the top of the bowl is 90 mm, and the difference between the radius of the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 and the inner circumference 4 of the uppermost spiral surface 2 that is also the outer peripheral wall of the lower spiral surface 5, that is, the uppermost part The width of the spiral surface 2 is 10.5 mm, and the spiral surface outer peripheral wall 1 side of the uppermost spiral surface 2 is processed to be 1.55 mm lower than the inner circumference 4 side of the uppermost spiral surface.

Further, from the bottom of the bowl which doubles as a reservoir for the granular material, the height 53 at which the reflux groove 7 is provided in a spiral of three revolutions.
It is designed to reach the top spiral surface 2 of mm. Next, the gate 3 is made by processing aluminum with a plate thickness of 3 mm into the shape shown in FIG. 1 and screwed to the uppermost spiral surface 2 so that the opening angle from the center of the feed hole 6 and the bowl is 20 ° or 45 °. ing.

The distance between the gate 3 and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface can be adjusted by the position of the aluminum plate of the gate 3 to be screwed, but in this embodiment, it is 1.5 mm and the supply hole 6 is provided.
Was installed at the center of the spiral surface width of 10.5 mm with a diameter of 4.0 mm. The reflux groove 7 has an opening angle of about 20 ° from the supply hole 6 and the center of the bowl.
The entire width of the upper spiral surface was 3 mm wide and 2 mm deep, and the width was 5 mm in the vicinity of the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface so that the granular material would not exceed due to strong vibration.

The vibration intensity of the bowl is adjusted by the applied voltage, and the granular hydroxyapatite 10 having a particle size of 150 to 180 μm is used.
g was taken at the bottom of the bowl, and the weight dropped from the supply hole 6 in 2 minutes was measured against the vibration strength. The weight supply rate per unit time with respect to the applied voltage is shown in the diagram of Fig. 4. Each triangular point connected by a thin line has an opening angle of 45 ° from the bowl center between the gate 3 and the supply hole 6, and a thick line. Each round point connected by means the case where this angle is 20 °.

At an applied voltage of 80 V, three vertically aligned circles represent variations in the weight supply rate, and square points represent the weight supply rate measured in 10 minutes. In the case of a small supply of 0.2 g / min. However, there was little variation and it was found that a fixed amount was supplied. Further, in FIG. 4, the gate 3
When the applied voltage is 75 V, the band of the granular material flow F spreads at a triangular point where the opening angle from the to the supply hole 6 is large. Therefore, the band of the granular material flow F greatly increases as the applied voltage increases. However, it moved at a speed that did not spread enough, so it decreased. When the voltage applied to the round point with a small opening angle from the gate 3 to the supply hole 6 is 75 V, the moving distance for the band of the granular material flow F to spread sufficiently from the gate 3 is small, so the weight supply speed is small.

However, when the applied voltage is 80 V, only the moving speed of the powder or granular material flow F is significantly increased, so that the weight supply speed is also increased. Even in the case of a triangular point with a large opening angle, when the applied voltage becomes 70 V or less, the spread of the band of the granular material flow F does not become so large and the moving speed of the granular material flow F decreases.
Weight supply rate is likely to decrease. Both applied voltage
At 80 V or higher, the effect of not spreading the band of the powder or granular material flow F becomes remarkable, and the weight supply rate decreases as the applied voltage increases,
At 90 V, the band of the granular material flow F hardly spreads, moved between the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface and the supply hole 6, and the supply speed became 0.

Next, the aluminum plate of the gate 3 is provided on the uppermost spiral surface 2 at the lower part of the opening angle of 20 ° from the center of the parts feeder bowl, which is the same as the above embodiment, and the gap between the aluminum plate of the gate 3 and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface. It is fixed at 1.0 mm, and the supply hole 6 has a spiral surface width of 1
The diameter was 4.0mm at the center of 0.5mm. Particle size 80-100 μm
Take 10 g of granulated hydroxyapatite from the bottom of the bowl and
Alternatively, the weight dropped from the supply hole 6 in 5 minutes was measured with respect to the applied voltage for adjusting the vibration intensity and the gas flow rate supplied into the bowl. The gas flow rate was set to be the presence or absence of a mixed gas flow of argon: 2.0 dm ³ / min and oxygen: 1.0 dm ³ / min for the convenience of other experiments.

It corresponds to both extremes when the diameter of the bypass 8 is narrowed to the maximum when there is a gas flow, and to when the diameter of the bypass 8 is opened to the maximum when there is no gas flow. The results are shown in the table below. When claim 2 of the present invention is applied, the range of quantitative supply becomes wider as shown in the above table, and the higher the applied voltage is, the larger the increase ratio of the weight supply rate when the gas is caused to flow. The reason for this is explained as follows. That is, since the gas flow velocity is constant regardless of the applied voltage, the virtual position A of the supply hole 6 is also constant regardless of the applied voltage. However, when the applied voltage is high, the vibration is strong and the gas passes through the virtual position A. Since the amount of powder and granules generated is large, the ratio of increase in the weight supply rate when a gas is flown is large.

Next, the aluminum plate of the gate 3 is provided on the uppermost spiral surface 2 below the opening angle of 20 ° with respect to the center of the bowl for parts feeder, which is the same as the above embodiment, and the space between the aluminum plate of the spiral surface and the outer peripheral wall 1. Fixed at 1.0 mm, the supply hole 6 has a spiral surface width
The diameter was 4.0mm at the center of 10.5mm. The diameter of the bypass 8 is
It was set to 5.5 mm. A branch 9 made of an aluminum plate was attached by screwing it with a gap between the wedge-shaped tip and the outer peripheral wall 1 of the spiral surface being 1.0 mm. 20 g of granulated hydroxyapatite having a particle size of 125 to 150 μm was placed at the bottom of the bowl, the applied voltage for adjusting the vibration strength was set to 73.5 V, and the weight dropped from the supply hole 6 in one minute was measured.

The weight feed rates were 0.285 and 0.295 g / min. Next, flow Argon gas into the bowl at a flow rate of 4.0 dm ³ / min.
In the case of the above-mentioned feeding, the weight feeding rate calculated from the weight dropped from the feeding hole 6 in 5 minutes was 0.311 g / min. Even though there was a bypass, a larger amount of gas was flowed than in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, but the increase in the weight supply rate was slight, which is within the range of experimental error. As described above, by applying claim 3 of the present invention, even when a gas is supplied to the powder holes for supplying together with the powdery or granular material, the weight supply rate is the same as that when the gas is not supplied, and the quantitative property is maintained. Is improved.

[0030]

The greatest effect of the present invention described above is to secure a high quantitative rate of supply rate. Generally, the larger the particle size of the powdery particles, the heavier the particles are, and the faster the movement due to vibration is, the faster the weight supply rate becomes. In order to maintain the quantitative property, it is necessary to classify the powder and granules with a sieve or the like to make the particle diameter constant, but there is a limit. However, when using the powder / quantitative-quantity supply device of the present invention, the powder / granular material having a large particle size moves quickly, so that it does not spread from the outer peripheral wall of the spiral surface and passes between the wedge-shaped tip of the branch or the supply hole. In many cases, it is not supplied. Therefore, it is possible to secure the quantitativeness of the feeding rate even in the practical classification of the powder and granules. As described above, it is significant that the present invention has ensured the essential quantitative supply of the granular material, which was difficult in the past. This inherently high quantification
It exerts a remarkable effect on the quantitative supply of a minute amount of powder or granular material and the combined quantitative supply of gas and granular material at various flow rates.

Further, most of the granular material flow that climbs a large amount on the spiral surface due to relatively strong vibration falls from the gate and the return groove to the lower spiral surface, climbs the spiral surface again, and circulates. The amount of powder and granules prepared in the bowl that doubles as a reservoir
This means that it does not have to be a large excess with respect to the supply amount.
Therefore, the powder and granules to be supplied are finely classified to have uniform properties,
It has the advantages of further improving the accuracy of the quantitative supply and facilitating the control of conditions for research experiments and manufacturing.

Furthermore, the fact that the moving distance of most of the particles is short means that it is unlikely to be affected by the difference in moving speed depending on the particle size, and there is an advantage that the quantitative accuracy is improved. There is also an advantage that the classification can be roughened when the improvement of the quantitative accuracy is unnecessary. Also, with the increase in the vibration intensity of the feeder, it seems that the amount of powder and granules reaching the feed hole decreases at a glance.
Since the moving speed of the granular material flow is high, the weight supply amount is decreasing at a smaller rate than it is apparent and may be increasing. This means that the fluctuation of the supply amount due to the change of the vibration intensity is small. The vibration intensity of the feeder is usually
Since the voltage is adjusted by the voltage applied to the vibrator, even if the voltage of the power supply fluctuates to some extent, the fluctuation of the supply amount is small and there is a high possibility that the constant supply can be maintained.

When the apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is used, in order to supply the powdery particles together with the gas, even when the gas is flown through the supply hole, the weight supply rate is such that the gas flows as shown in the embodiment. There is a match with the error range within the error range. Therefore, it is not possible to adjust the rate of fixed amount supply and its range by the diameter of the gas bypass, but it is not necessary to make a bypass or to measure the supply rate when gas is flowed. Further, in the present invention, it is necessary to appropriately set the position and the diameter of the supply hole, but an effect substantially equivalent to this is obtained by setting the interval between the wedge-shaped tip of the branch and the outer peripheral wall of the spiral surface described in claim 3. It is obtained by adjusting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an operating condition of an embodiment of a powdery- or granular-material quantitative supply device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an operating condition of another embodiment of the powder / particles quantitative supply device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an operating condition of claim 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 spiral surface outer peripheral wall 2 top spiral surface 3 gate 4 inner circumference of top spiral surface 5 lower spiral surface 6 supply hole 7 return groove 8 bypass 9 branch A virtual position of supply hole F granular material flow

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A distance between a gate and a spiral surface outer peripheral wall for restricting the passage amount of the granular material flow on the uppermost spiral surface of the vibrating granular material feeder, and a distance from the gate of the granular material supply hole. A powder and granular material quantitative supply device in which the position on the spiral surface width and its diameter can be adjusted. 2. The powder / granule quantitative supply device according to claim 1, wherein a gas is caused to flow through the powder / granule supply hole, and a gas flow rate through a bypass provided at a position where the powder / granule does not flow is controllable. 3. An apparatus for quantitatively supplying powdery or granular material according to claim 1, wherein the branching amount of the powdery or granular material flowing to the supply hole is adjustable.