JPH05156960A - Heat insulating combustor and turbo-compound system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure such a system as being compact in size and excellent in efficiency by unifying a combustion chamber and both intake and exhaust passages in a heat insulating engine, and attaching two units of turbochargers being free of series/parallel connection in series-parallel connection in the supercharging system, to the engine. CONSTITUTION:Four combustion chambers 3a-3d and their intake passages 4a-4d and exthaust passages 5a-5d are unified in one with a heat resisting ceramics material and formed into combustors 2A-2D, composing them as one structure inclusive of each connecting passages, and then housed in a box body 1. Two units of turbochargers 6, 7 being free of a changeover of series-parallel connection in a supercharging system through control over-on-off valves V1 and V3-V5 are attached to the combustors 2A-2D, and proper supercharging air is fed to them according to the combustion state, thus highly efficient power is securable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat shield combustor in which a turbocharger is connected to a combustor having a heat shield structure in which a combustion chamber and intake and exhaust passages in an internal combustion engine are integrated, and a turbo compound device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an engine driven by the combustion energy of fuel, a considerable amount of the energy is absorbed by the engine and heated, and the engine is overheated. Therefore, water or air has conventionally been used as a cooling medium. A cooling device is added, and this cooling impairs the thermal efficiency.

In recent years, an adiabatic engine using a material having excellent heat resistance and heat shielding properties such as ceramics has been developed in a relevant portion of a combustion chamber of the engine, and a cooling device is omitted to improve thermal efficiency and reduce weight. ..

[0004]

In this type of engine, since a heat shield is used in the combustion chamber, intake and exhaust passages, etc., the structure becomes complicated and the space for each is reduced, resulting in a small size. Further, in order to add a turbocharger to a turbo compound structure, a space such as a pipe for an intake / exhaust flow path connecting the engine and the turbocharger is required, which results in a more complicated structure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to integrate a combustion chamber and intake / exhaust passages in a heat shield engine to facilitate connection of a flow path with a turbocharger. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat-shielding combustor and a turbo compound device, which are intended to be compact and to obtain higher efficiency.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a heat shield combustor and turbo compound device of an engine having a heat resistance and omitting a cooling device and having a turbocharger, A combustor which is mounted on the cylinder upper part of an engine and has a central combustion chamber and an intake / exhaust flow passage surrounding the central combustion chamber, which are adjacently arranged with a partition wall made of a high-strength heat insulating material therebetween and are integrally formed, and the intake / exhaust flow passage. A shield having two turbochargers connected to each other and provided with a turbine scroll made of the same material as that of the partition wall, and a switching control means for switching the turbocharger supercharging system in series / parallel depending on the combustion state of the combustor. A thermal combustor and a turbo compound device are provided.

[0007]

In the present invention, the central combustion chamber and the surrounding intake and exhaust passages are integrally formed by the partition wall made of a heat insulating material to form a compact combustor, and two turbochargers are connected to the combustor. To be done. An on-off valve is arranged in the connection flow path of these turbochargers, and the on-off valve is controlled according to the combustion state of the combustor, and the turbocharger supercharging system is switched to series / parallel connection to improve efficiency. Good driving is done.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the configuration from the top showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an illustration from the side thereof, and FIG. 3 is a block showing the relationship between the intake and exhaust passages and each valve in this embodiment. It is a figure.

In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a housing, which is arranged above an engine having four cylinders, and inside thereof, combustion chambers 3a to 3d corresponding to the four cylinders and intake passages 4a to 4d are provided. The exhaust flow paths 5a to 5d and the communication flow paths with each other have a one-piece structure and are formed and stored by casting using a castable material.

Next, the part of the one-body structure arranged on the left side of FIG. 1 will be explained.
Are separated by a peripheral wall 31a made of ceramics using alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) or aluminum titanate (Al ₂ TiO ₅ ) to form an arc-shaped exhaust passage 5a on the left and an arc-shaped intake flow on the right. A combustor 2A in which the passage 4a is formed by a ceramic outer peripheral wall 2a and intake / exhaust partition walls 45a made of the same kind of material, and the combustion chamber and the intake / exhaust flow passage are integrated.
And below that is the piston 11A shown in FIG.
A cylinder 12A equipped with a
A, an engine having an exhaust valve 14A.

The combustor 2B is the combustor 2 shown in FIG.
It is adjacent to the right of A and has almost the same structure as the combustor 2A. The intake passages 4a and 4b are connected to each other by the intake connecting passage 4ab, and the exhaust passages 5a and 5b are connected to the exhaust passage. It is connected by the flow path 5ab.

The set of the combustors 2C and 2D is the combustor 2
The set of A and 2B has almost the same structure as the left and right are reversed, and the exhaust connection flow path 5ab and the exhaust connection flow path 5cd of each set are communicated by the connection flow path 5ad, and in the middle of the flow path. Is provided with an opening / closing valve V5, and the flow paths at both ends of the connection flow path 5ad are guided to the side surface of the housing 1 to serve as exhaust gas outlets 5Ea and 5Ed to two turbochargers described later. It is opened at a predetermined position.

The intake flow passage 4b of the combustor 2B and the intake flow passage 4c of the combustor 2C are also connected so as to communicate with each other, but two streams are provided to connect with the supercharged flow passages from the two turbochargers. It is branched into a passage and is opened at a predetermined position on the side surface of the housing 1 as intake and intake ports 4Ib and 4Ic.

Turbochargers 6 and 7 are provided with turbines 61 and 71, compressors 62 and 72, and rotating electric machines 63 and 73, and the turbines driven by exhaust energy rotate the compressors connected to each other. This is to compress the air and send it as supercharged air to the engine under pressure.Each rotating electric machine mounted on the turbine shaft is supplied with electric power from a battery or the like depending on the operating condition of the engine during low rotation and high load. To increase the supercharging air pressure to energize the engine torque, or to operate as a generator when exhaust energy has a margin, recover exhaust energy as electric power, and connect the electric power to the crankshaft, for example. The motor is energized to energize the engine torque.

The turbine housings 6a and 7a provided with the turbine scrolls of the turbochargers 6 and 7 are made of a heat-resistant and high-strength ceramic material, and the exhaust inlets 6b and 7b thereof have the aforementioned exhaust outlets 5Ea and 5Ed, respectively. Are connected to the intake ports 4Ib and 4Ic described above, and the turbocharger 6 is connected to the supercharged air pressure ports 6c and 7c of the turbochargers.
Is connected to the fresh air intake port 7d of the turbocharger 7 by a communication pipe 67, and an opening / closing valve V1 is provided in the middle of the communication pipe 67 to direct the fresh air from the fresh air intake port 7d. An on-off valve V2 is attached to each. Therefore, when the on-off valve V2 is closed and the on-off valve V1 is opened while the both turbochargers 6 and 7 are driven, the supercharging systems of both turbochargers are connected in series to perform two-stage supercharging, and high-pressure supercharging is performed. Qi is configured to be pumped to the engine.

V3 is an opening / closing valve provided in the supercharging air pressure passage of the turbocharger 6, and V4 is an opening / closing valve provided in the exhaust insertion passage to the turbocharger 7. These opening / closing valves V3 , V4 and the on-off valves V1, V2 and V5 described above are configured to be opened / closed by a command from a controller composed of an electronic control device.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment thus constructed will be described.

Inside the casing 1, combustors 2A for four cylinders
2D, that is, the combustion chambers 3a to 3d, the intake passages 4a to 4
d, the exhaust passages 5a to 5d, the respective connecting passages, and the like are connected to each other as described above and are cast with the respective inlet and outlet passages to and from the turbochargers 6 and 7, so that four A four-cylinder engine is assembled by mounting the housing 1 on the upper part of the cylinder.

Each of the combustors 2A to 2D is provided with a combustion chamber, a peripheral wall made of a low heat conductive material, and an intake / exhaust partition wall adjacent to each other in the center thereof, and an intake passage and an exhaust passage are provided, respectively, but the heat shield property is high. Since it is good, the normal processes of intake, explosion, exhaust, etc. are performed without any adverse effects and the engine operates.

Further, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, the opening / closing valves V1 to V5 provided in the flow paths of the turbochargers 6 and 7 are, for example, V5 of the exhaust system closed and V4 opened and at the same time. When V1 of the air supply system is controlled to be closed and V2 and V3 are opened, both turbochargers 6 and 7 are driven by the exhaust energy from the combustors 2A and 2B and the combustors 2C and 2D for each two cylinders to operate in parallel. Therefore, the supercharged air is supplied to the four combustors and the normal operation is performed.

Next, V5 of the exhaust system is closed, V4 is opened, V2 of the supercharging system is controlled to be closed and V3 is closed, and V1 is opened. The turbocharger 7 is guided via the turbocharger 7 and recompressed, and strong supercharged air by the two-stage turbochargers 6 and 7 connected in series is supplied to the respective combustors 2A to 2D to be operated.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the above-described embodiments. However, within the scope of the present invention, for example, a rotary electric machine provided in a turbocharger may be operated in various ways such that it is electrically or electrically operated depending on the operating state of the engine. Can be modified and applied, and these modifications and applications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

[0024]

According to the present invention as in the above embodiments,
The combustion chambers for four cylinders and their intake / exhaust passages are separated by a wall made of a low thermal conductive material, and they are compactly adjacent to each other and compactly molded inside one casing, so they are mounted on four cylinders. This has the effect of easily assembling a 4-cylinder engine. Furthermore, it is equipped with two turbochargers that are easily connected, and the supercharging system can be switched between series / parallel connection by controlling the opening / closing valve. Therefore, there is an advantage that the supercharging air pressure can be appropriately controlled according to the operating state of the engine, and an efficient engine can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view from above showing an embodiment of a heat shield combustor and a turbo compound device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a side view of the configuration of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a relationship between an intake / exhaust flow path and each valve in the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Casing 2A-2D ... Combustor 2a ... Outer peripheral wall 3a-3d ... Combustion chamber 4a-4d ... Intake flow path 5a-5d ... Exhaust flow path 6,7 ... Turbocharger 6a, 7a ... Turbine housing 61, 71 ... Turbine 62, 72 ... Compressor V1-V5 ... Open / close valve

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat shield combustor and turbo compound device for an engine having heat resistance, which does not require a cooling device and which has a turbocharger, and a combustion chamber at a central portion mounted on an upper portion of a cylinder of the engine and an intake and exhaust flow surrounding the combustion chamber. 2 units provided with a combustor integrally formed with a passage and a partition made of a high-strength heat insulating material so as to be adjacent to each other, and a turbine scroll connected to the intake and exhaust passages and made of the same material as the partition. 2. A heat shield combustor and a turbo compound device, comprising: the turbocharger and the switching control means for switching the turbocharger supercharging system in series / parallel according to the combustion state of the combustor. 2. The heat insulating material is alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ).
Alternatively, the heat shield combustor and the turbo compound device according to claim 1, wherein the heat shield combustor and the turbo compound device are ceramics made of aluminum titanate (Al ₂ TiO ₅ ). 3. The heat shield combustor and the turbo compound device according to claim 1, wherein the integral structure is formed by casting. 4. The switching control means is characterized in that an opening / closing valve is arranged in the supercharging passages of two turbochargers, and the supercharging system is switched by selective control of the operation of the opening / closing valves. The described heat shield combustor and turbo compound device.