JPH0515579A - Treatment of exhaust gas generated by heat-treatment of medical waste - Google Patents

Treatment of exhaust gas generated by heat-treatment of medical waste

Info

Publication number
JPH0515579A
JPH0515579A JP3197162A JP19716291A JPH0515579A JP H0515579 A JPH0515579 A JP H0515579A JP 3197162 A JP3197162 A JP 3197162A JP 19716291 A JP19716291 A JP 19716291A JP H0515579 A JPH0515579 A JP H0515579A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
medical waste
exhaust gas
hydrogen chloride
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP3197162A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2530529B2 (en
Inventor
Takashi Kameda
孝志 亀田
Koichi Noma
宏一 野間
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP19716291A priority Critical patent/JP2530529B2/en
Priority to EP92101284A priority patent/EP0522231B1/en
Priority to DE69226991T priority patent/DE69226991T2/en
Priority to US07/827,620 priority patent/US5322603A/en
Publication of JPH0515579A publication Critical patent/JPH0515579A/en
Priority to US08/027,797 priority patent/US5393500A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2530529B2 publication Critical patent/JP2530529B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make exhaust gas harmless and odorless with high efficiency by removing hydrogen chloride in exhaust gas generated when medical waste mainly constituted of plastics is subjected to heating/sterilizing treatment by a reactive adsorbent before subjecting combustible gas and malodorous gas to oxidative decomposition. CONSTITUTION:A hydrogen chloride gas adsorbing cylinder 12 is provided to a medical waste treatment apparatus 10 wherein medical waste mainly constituted of plastics such as used synthetic resin products, for example, a syringe, an injection needle or the like is received in a heat-resistant container and heated to predetermained temp. to be sterilized and the exhaust gas generated from the treatment apparatus 10 is guided to the adsorbing cylinder 12 to be brought into contact with a reactive adsorbent composed of oxides of group I, II, VII elements of the Periodic Table to remove hydrogen chloride gas. Next, the exhaust gas is heated to temp. suitable for catalytic oxidative decomposition by a heater 14 to be guided to a catalytic oxidizing cylinder 16 and brought into contact with a Pt or/and Pd type catalyst to subject the combustible gas and malodorous gas in the exhaust gas to oxidative decomposition.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主としてプラスチック
類で構成される医療廃棄物の加熱・滅菌処理において発
生する有害ガス、可燃性ガス、臭気成分を含む排気の処
理方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating exhaust gas containing harmful gas, flammable gas, and odorous components generated in heating / sterilizing medical waste mainly composed of plastics.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】病院、透析施設等から排出される感染性
医療廃棄物による２次感染防止のため、このような廃棄
物の処理方法を規定した厚生省のガイドラインが平成１
年１１月７日に発表され、平成２年４月１日から施行さ
れている。これにより、病院、透析施設等は、原則とし
て、院内又は施設内での医療廃棄物の滅菌処理が義務付
けられている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to prevent secondary infection due to infectious medical waste discharged from hospitals, dialysis facilities, etc., there is a guideline of the Ministry of Health and Welfare that defines a treatment method for such waste.
It was announced on November 7, 2012 and has come into effect on April 1, 1990. Therefore, in principle, hospitals, dialysis facilities, etc. are obliged to sterilize medical waste in hospitals or facilities.

【０００３】従来、特開平１−１７６４８６号公報に
は、使用済合成樹脂製注射器及び注射針を、耐熱容器に
収容し、所定温度に加熱・溶融して殺菌した後、冷却固
化する処理法及び装置が記載されている。また、実開平
１−１４４０４０号公報には、廃棄物を加熱・滅菌した
後、破砕機にて破砕・減容する廃棄物加熱・滅菌装置が
記載されている。また、特公昭５１−２５４７０号公報
には、シリンダ内部にプラスチック廃棄物を入れてお
き、底板及びピストンに内蔵したヒータで加熱し、圧縮
すると同時に、表面を中心に溶融し一体成形するプラス
チック廃棄物の処理装置が記載されている。また、特開
平１−３１５３８３号公報には、使用済の使い捨て注射
器を、加熱炉の側面及び底面に設けられた電熱ヒータ、
及び遠赤外線ヒータで加熱・滅菌する装置が記載されて
いる。また、実施例として、処理物を耐熱容器内で溶融
させた後、針を含む一体物として、冷却した後、取り出
す方法が記載されている。さらに、特開平１−２６３４
１０号公報には、廃棄物をマイクロ波で加熱して、乾燥
・燃焼・灰化させる装置が記載されている。[0003] Conventionally, JP-A-1-176486 discloses a treatment method in which a used synthetic resin syringe and an injection needle are housed in a heat-resistant container, heated and melted at a predetermined temperature for sterilization, and then cooled and solidified. The device is described. In addition, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-144040 discloses a waste heating / sterilizing apparatus that heats / sterilizes waste and then crushes / reduces the volume with a crusher. Further, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-25470, a plastic waste is put in a cylinder and heated by a heater built in a bottom plate and a piston to be compressed, and at the same time, a plastic waste which is melted around the surface and integrally molded. Processing device is described. Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-315383, an electric heater provided with a used disposable syringe on a side surface and a bottom surface of a heating furnace,
And a device for heating and sterilizing with a far infrared heater. In addition, as an example, a method is described in which a processed product is melted in a heat-resistant container, cooled as an integrated product including a needle, and then taken out. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-2634
Japanese Patent Publication No. 10 describes a device for heating waste with microwaves to dry, burn and incinerate.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記の特開平１−１７
６４８６号公報記載の処理法及び装置を用いて、特に血
液透析器のように複数の融点の異なるプラスチック類か
ら構成されるものを処理する場合には、処理温度により
溶融しないものが多数残っているため、減容化（成形）
が不十分であった。また、ポリ塩化ビニルを含む廃棄物
を処理する場合、１９０℃以上ではＨＣｌガスが発生
し、後処理が必要となる。また、前記の実開平１−１４
４０４０号公報記載の廃棄物加熱・滅菌装置における破
砕機による破砕方法では、減容の効果が必ずしも大きく
なく、その上、破砕機のカッターのメンテナンスが必要
であり、かつ、騒音、振動が大きい、多くの動力源を必
要とする等の不都合点がある。また、前記の特公昭５１
−２５４７０号公報記載のプラスチック廃棄物の処理装
置においては、滅菌は全く意図されておらず、また表面
のみを溶融物でコーティングするという考え方のため、
成形物の安定性が悪いという不都合点がある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
When using the processing method and apparatus described in Japanese Patent No. 6486, particularly when processing a material composed of a plurality of plastics having different melting points such as a hemodialyzer, many materials that do not melt depending on the processing temperature remain. Therefore, volume reduction (molding)
Was insufficient. Further, when treating waste containing polyvinyl chloride, HCl gas is generated at 190 ° C. or higher, and post treatment is required. In addition, the above-mentioned actual Kaihei 1-14
In the crushing method by the crusher in the waste heating / sterilization device described in JP 4040, the effect of volume reduction is not necessarily great, and in addition, maintenance of the cutter of the crusher is required, and noise and vibration are large. There are inconveniences such as requiring many power sources. In addition, the above Japanese Patent Publication Sho 51
In the apparatus for treating plastic waste described in Japanese Patent No. 25470, since sterilization is not intended at all, and only the surface is coated with the melt,
There is a disadvantage that the stability of the molded product is poor.

【０００５】また、前記の特開平１−３１５３８３号公
報記載の装置では、使用済血液透析器の如く大型の処理
物で、かつ、内部に水分を含む処理物については、熱風
循環のみではなかなか昇温できず、滅菌が十分でなく、
かつ、処理時間も長くかかる等の問題が多い。さらに、
血液透析器は複数のプラスチック類から構成されている
ので、処理温度によっては、溶融するものと溶融しない
ものとが混在し、減容化を十分に図ることができない。
さらに、前記の特開平１−２６３４１０号公報記載の装
置において、使用済血液透析器及びチューブ類の如く複
数のプラスチック類から構成される処理物を処理する場
合には、多量の塩化水素等の有害ガスが発生するので、
装置の材質面の対策とともに、排気ガスの処理対策のた
め、大容量の排ガス処理装置が必要となり、装置が複雑
化・大型化する。また、マイクロ波で灰化まで行なって
減容化する方法では、多くの電力を要するとともに、装
置自体が高温となり、病院内やクリニック内への設置に
適さない等の不具合がある。Further, in the apparatus described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-315383, for a large-sized processed product such as a used hemodialyzer, and a processed product containing water inside, it is easy to raise the temperature by only circulating hot air. I can't warm it up, it ’s not sterilized enough,
In addition, there are many problems such as long processing time. further,
Since the hemodialyzer is composed of a plurality of plastics, some melt and some do not melt depending on the treatment temperature, and the volume cannot be sufficiently reduced.
Further, in the device described in the above-mentioned JP-A-1-263410, when treating a treated product composed of a plurality of plastics such as a used hemodialyzer and tubes, a large amount of harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride is harmful. Because gas is generated,
Along with the measures for the material of the device and the measures for treating the exhaust gas, a large-capacity exhaust gas treatment device is required, which makes the device complicated and large. In addition, the method of performing ashing with microwaves to reduce the volume requires a large amount of electric power, and the apparatus itself has a high temperature, which is not suitable for installation in a hospital or clinic.

【０００６】一方、医療廃棄物は複数種類のプラスチッ
ク類を含んでいる。例えば、血液回路（チューブ他）、
注射器、生理食塩液容器等を含む血液透析器一式を構成
する材料の原料比率を分析したところ、次のような結果
を得た。 （１） ポリ塩化ビニル ５０重量％ （２） ポリスチレン又はポリカーボネート ３０重量％ （３） セルロース又は合成膜 ５重量％ （４） ポリエチレン又はポリプロピレン又はシリコン ５重量％ （５） ポリウレタン及びＳＵＳ １０重量％ ちなみに、上記の材料のうち、主要なプラスチックの性
状をあげると表１のようになる。On the other hand, medical waste contains plural kinds of plastics. For example, blood circuit (tube etc.),
When the raw material ratios of the materials constituting the hemodialyzer set including a syringe and a saline solution container were analyzed, the following results were obtained. (1) Polyvinyl chloride 50% by weight (2) Polystyrene or polycarbonate 30% by weight (3) Cellulose or synthetic film 5% by weight (4) Polyethylene or polypropylene or silicon 5% by weight (5) Polyurethane and SUS 10% by weight By the way, Among the above materials, the properties of the main plastics are shown in Table 1.

【０００７】[0007]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【０００８】また、発生ガスの点で問題となるポリ塩化
ビニルチューブ（血液回路）を対象に、加熱温度と発生
ガスとの関係を調べた。すなわち、内底部に電気ヒータ
を設けた乾燥炉内中段に、底部に断熱材を介して内容積
１リットルのガラスびんを配設し、このガラスびん内に
血液回路（主成分：ポリ塩化ビニル）を収納して栓を
し、この栓に温度計及びサンプリング管を貫通させて、
ガラスびん内底部の温度と、発生ガス濃度との関係を調
べた。結果を表２に示す。なお、発生ガスの検出は、塩
化水素ガスについては、検知管測定レンジ１〜２０ppm
の検知管を用い、一酸化炭素については、検知管測定レ
ンジ２５〜５００ppmの検知管を用いた。Further, the relationship between the heating temperature and the generated gas was investigated for a polyvinyl chloride tube (blood circuit) which is a problem in terms of the generated gas. That is, a glass bottle having an internal volume of 1 liter is disposed at the bottom via a heat insulating material in the middle stage of a drying furnace having an electric heater at the inner bottom, and a blood circuit (main component: polyvinyl chloride) is placed in this glass bottle. And plug it, and then insert a thermometer and sampling tube into this plug,
The relationship between the temperature at the bottom of the glass bottle and the generated gas concentration was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2. It should be noted that the detection of the generated gas, for hydrogen chloride gas, the detection tube measurement range 1 to 20 ppm
For carbon monoxide, a detector tube having a detector tube measuring range of 25 to 500 ppm was used.

【０００９】[0009]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００１０】従来の技術において、スチーム加熱は、廃
水の発生、圧力容器の法規制の問題があり、また、バン
ドヒータ等による加熱は、局部過熱が発生して伝熱が悪
い。また、熱風循環による加熱においては、単なる吹き
付けでは伝熱が悪く、局部過熱のおそれがある。さら
に、高周波加熱では、水分蒸発後は材質によって局部過
熱が生じる等の問題があった。上記の諸点に鑑み、医療
廃棄物を効率よく加熱・滅菌処理するために、本発明者
らは、既にマイクロ波と熱風循環とを組み合わせた装置
を発明し、加熱・滅菌処理能力は著しく向上した。しか
し、主としてプラスチックで構成された使用済血液透析
用具などの医療廃棄物を加熱・滅菌処理する場合、プラ
スチックから可塑剤等の重質炭化水素をはじめ、軽質炭
化水素や塩化ビニルからの塩化水素などの有害ガスが発
生する。また、これらの医療廃棄物の中に残存している
血液等からは臭気成分が発生し、そして医療廃棄物に付
着したウイルス等の病原菌が、飛散する水滴等に伴って
排気中に混入する恐れもあり、何らかの環境対策が必要
である。本発明は上記の諸点に鑑みなされたもので、主
としてプラスチック類で構成される医療廃棄物を、加熱
・滅菌処理する際に発生する有害ガス、可燃性ガス、臭
気成分を含む排気を効率よく無害・無臭化処理する方法
を提供することを目的とするものである。In the prior art, steam heating has problems of generation of waste water and regulation of pressure vessel, and heating by a band heater or the like causes local overheating, resulting in poor heat transfer. Further, in the heating by circulating the hot air, the heat transfer is poor with the mere spraying, and there is a risk of local overheating. Further, the high-frequency heating has a problem that after the water is evaporated, the material is locally overheated. In view of the above points, in order to efficiently heat and sterilize medical waste, the present inventors have already invented a device that combines microwaves and hot air circulation, and the heating and sterilization capacity has been significantly improved. . However, when medical waste such as used hemodialysis tools mainly made of plastic is heated and sterilized, heavy hydrocarbons such as plasticizers from plastic, light hydrocarbons and hydrogen chloride from vinyl chloride, etc. Generates harmful gas. In addition, odorous components are generated from blood etc. remaining in these medical wastes, and pathogenic bacteria such as viruses adhering to the medical wastes may be mixed in the exhaust gas along with the splashed water droplets. Therefore, some environmental measures are necessary. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is effective in harmlessly exhausting exhaust gas containing toxic gas, flammable gas, and odorous components generated when medical waste mainly composed of plastics is heated and sterilized. -The purpose is to provide a method for deodorizing treatment.

【００１１】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】上記の目的を達
成するために、本発明の医療廃棄物熱処理排気の処理方
法は、主としてプラスチック類で構成される医療廃棄物
を加熱・滅菌処理する際に発生する塩化水素ガス、可燃
性ガス、臭気ガスなどを含む排気を、反応吸着剤と接触
させて塩化水素ガスを除去した後、触媒と接触させて可
燃性ガス及び臭気ガスを酸化分解することを特徴として
いる。この場合、塩化水素ガスを、元素周期律表のI
族、II族及びVIII族に属する元素の酸化物、水酸化物、
例えばＮａ2Ｏ、ＣｕＯ、ＺｎＯ、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3からなる群
より選ばれた反応吸着剤を用い、反応吸着温度１５０〜
２００℃、空間速度５００〜５０００hr-1にて吸着除去
するように構成するのが望ましい。また、可燃性ガス及
び臭気ガスを、Ｐｔ系又は／及びＰｄ系の触媒を用い、
反応温度２００〜４５０℃、空間速度５００〜４０，０
００hr-1にて酸化分解するように構成するのが望まし
い。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for treating heat treatment exhaust of medical waste of the present invention is used for heating and sterilizing medical waste mainly composed of plastics. Exhaust gas containing hydrogen chloride gas, flammable gas, odorous gas, etc. generated in the contact with the reaction adsorbent to remove the hydrogen chloride gas, and then contact with a catalyst to oxidize and decompose the flammable gas and odorous gas. Is characterized by. In this case, hydrogen chloride gas is added to the I
Oxides, hydroxides of elements belonging to Group III, II and VIII
For example, using a reactive adsorbent selected from the group consisting of Na 2 O, CuO, ZnO, and Fe 2 O 3 , the reactive adsorption temperature is 150 to
It is desirable to configure so as to be adsorbed and removed at 200 ° C. and a space velocity of 500 to 5000 hr −1 . In addition, combustible gas and odorous gas, using a Pt-based or / and Pd-based catalyst,
Reaction temperature 200-450 ° C, space velocity 500-40,0
It is desirable to configure so as to be oxidatively decomposed at 00 hr -1 .

【００１２】塩化水素ガスの吸着除去において、反応吸
着温度は、１５０〜２００℃、望ましくは１７０〜１８
０℃が適している。反応吸着温度が１５０℃未満の場合
は、排気を冷却することが必要となる他、排気中に含ま
れる重質炭化水素が凝縮し、反応吸着剤の性能低下を生
じる恐れがある。一方、２００℃を超える場合は、吸着
性能が低下したり、寿命が短くなる恐れがある。また、
空間速度は、５００〜５０００hr-1、望ましくは１００
０〜２０００hr-1が適している。空間速度が５００hr-1
未満の場合は、吸着剤の必要量が多くなり、経済的でな
いこと、空塔速度を一定値以上に保つ場合は、圧損が大
きくなることなどの不都合があり、一方、５０００hr-1
を超える場合は、吸着性能が著しく低下するという不都
合がある。可燃性ガス及び臭気ガスの酸化分解におい
て、反応温度は、２００〜４５０℃、望ましくは３５０
〜４２０℃が適している。反応温度が２００℃未満の場
合は、酸化分解性能が著しく低下するという不都合があ
り、一方、４５０℃を超える場合は、ヒータが大きくな
り、経済的ではない。また、触媒の寿命低下につながる
恐れがあるという不都合がある。また、空間速度は、５
００〜４０，０００hr-1、望ましくは１０００〜１０，
０００hr-1が適している。空間速度が５００hr-1未満の
場合は、触媒容積が大きくなり経済的でない。また、空
塔速度を一定値以上とする場合は圧損が大きくなるとい
う不都合があり、一方、４０，０００hr-1を超える場合
は、酸化分解性能が著しく低下するという不都合があ
る。また、触媒は、Ｐｔ又はＰｄの担持量が０．２〜
２．０wt%、望ましくは０．５wt%のものが適している。In the adsorption removal of hydrogen chloride gas, the reaction adsorption temperature is 150 to 200 ° C., preferably 170 to 18 ° C.
0 ° C is suitable. When the reaction adsorption temperature is lower than 150 ° C., it is necessary to cool the exhaust gas, and besides, heavy hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas may condense and the performance of the reaction adsorbent may be deteriorated. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 200 ° C., the adsorption performance may be reduced or the life may be shortened. Also,
The space velocity is 500 to 5000 hr -1 , preferably 100.
0 to 2000 hr -1 is suitable. Space velocity is 500hr -1
When it is less than, increases the required amount of adsorbent, it is not economical, when keeping the superficial velocity above a predetermined value, there are inconveniences such that the pressure loss is increased, whereas, 5000 hr -1
If it exceeds, there is a disadvantage that the adsorption performance is significantly reduced. In the oxidative decomposition of flammable gas and odorous gas, the reaction temperature is 200 to 450 ° C., preferably 350.
A temperature of ~ 420 ° C is suitable. If the reaction temperature is lower than 200 ° C, there is a disadvantage that the oxidative decomposition performance is significantly deteriorated. On the other hand, if the reaction temperature is higher than 450 ° C, the heater becomes large, which is not economical. Further, there is a disadvantage that the life of the catalyst may be shortened. The space velocity is 5
00-40,000 hr -1 , preferably 1000-10,
000 hr -1 is suitable. When the space velocity is less than 500 hr -1 , the catalyst volume becomes large and it is not economical. Further, when the superficial velocity is set to a certain value or more, the pressure loss becomes large, while when it exceeds 40,000 hr -1 , the oxidative decomposition performance is significantly deteriorated. The catalyst has a Pt or Pd loading of 0.2 to
2.0 wt%, preferably 0.5 wt% is suitable.

【００１３】図１において、１０は医療廃棄物処理装置
であり、ここでの加熱・滅菌処理により発生した排気
は、まず塩化水素ガス吸着筒１２に導かれ、反応吸着剤
と接触することにより塩化水素ガスが除去される。次
に、この排気は触媒酸化筒１６に導かれ、触媒と接触す
ることにより可燃性ガス及び臭気ガスが酸化分解され除
去される。この場合、触媒酸化筒１６の前にヒータ１４
を設けて、触媒による酸化分解に適した温度まで排気を
加熱するように構成している。なお、排気ラインには誘
引ファンを設けてもよく、または誘引ファンを設けない
場合もある。ファンを設置する場合は、医療廃棄物処理
装置１０全体を負圧で操作するように設計することが可
能であり、菌を含むガスが系外に洩れないようにするこ
とができる。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a medical waste treatment apparatus, and the exhaust gas generated by the heating / sterilization treatment here is first introduced into a hydrogen chloride gas adsorption column 12 and is chlorinated by coming into contact with a reaction adsorbent. Hydrogen gas is removed. Next, this exhaust gas is guided to the catalytic oxidation cylinder 16 and comes into contact with the catalyst, whereby the combustible gas and the odorous gas are oxidatively decomposed and removed. In this case, the heater 14 is placed in front of the catalytic oxidation cylinder 16.
Is provided to heat the exhaust gas to a temperature suitable for oxidative decomposition by the catalyst. An induction fan may be provided in the exhaust line, or no induction fan may be provided. When the fan is installed, it is possible to design the entire medical waste treatment device 10 so as to be operated at a negative pressure, and prevent gas containing bacteria from leaking out of the system.

【００１４】[0014]

【実施例】図１において、処理条件をつぎのように設定
して、本発明の方法による処理を行なった。 塩化水素ガス吸着筒： 吸着剤 Ｎａ2Ｏ系 操作温度 １７０〜１８０℃ 空間速度 １４００hr-1 触媒酸化筒： 触媒 Ｐｔ系（０．５wt%Ｐｔ担持） 操作温度 ４２０℃ 空間速度 １４００hr-1 まず、使用済血液透析用具２０セットが医療廃棄物処理
装置１０により、加熱・滅菌処理され、これにより排気
が発生した。この排気中にはプラスチック可塑剤である
ＤＯＰ（ディオクチルフタレート）などの重質炭化水素
の他、Ｃ1〜Ｃ3の軽質炭化水素、塩化水素、ＣＯ及び血
液等による臭気成分が含まれていた。この排気を上記の
処理条件の下で処理すると、塩化水素ガス吸着筒１２で
反応吸着剤と接触することにより塩化水素ガスは除去さ
れ、触媒酸化筒１６で触媒と接触することにより可燃性
ガス及び臭気ガスは酸化分解され除去された。この結
果、排気中に含まれる有害ガス、可燃性ガス、臭気成分
は殆ど完全に除去され、臭気も感じられなかった。ま
た、使用済血液透析用具には、耐熱性菌芽胞であるバチ
ルス サブティリィス（Ｂ．Ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）、バチ
ルス ステアロサーモフィラス（Ｂ．Ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈ
ｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓ）を仕込んでおいたが、処理後の
排気中には、これらの菌は全く検出されなかった。EXAMPLE In FIG. 1, the processing conditions were set as follows, and the processing according to the method of the present invention was performed. Hydrogen chloride gas adsorption column: adsorbent Na 2 O system operating temperature 170-180 ° C space velocity 1400hr -1 catalytic oxidation column: catalyst Pt system (0.5wt% Pt supported) operating temperature 420 ° C space velocity 1400hr -1 First use Twenty sets of used hemodialysis tools were heated and sterilized by the medical waste treatment device 10, and as a result, exhaust was generated. The exhaust gas contained heavy hydrocarbons such as DOP (dioctyl phthalate), which is a plasticizer, as well as C 1 to C 3 light hydrocarbons, hydrogen chloride, CO, and odorous components such as blood. . When this exhaust gas is treated under the above treatment conditions, the hydrogen chloride gas is removed by coming into contact with the reaction adsorbent in the hydrogen chloride gas adsorption column 12, and the combustible gas and The odorous gas was oxidatively decomposed and removed. As a result, the harmful gas, combustible gas, and odorous components contained in the exhaust gas were almost completely removed, and no odor was felt. In addition, used hemodialysis tools include Bacillus subtilis, which is a heat-resistant spore, and Bacillus stearothermophilus (B. Stearoth).
However, these bacteria were not detected at all in the exhaust gas after the treatment.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】本発明は上記のように構成されているの
で、つぎのような効果を奏する。 （１） 医療廃棄物を加熱・滅菌する際に発生する排気
中に含まれる有害ガス、可燃性ガス、臭気成分を効率よ
く無害・無臭化処理することができる。 （２） 排気中に含まれるウイルス等の病原菌を効率よ
く滅菌処理することができる。Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) A harmful gas, a flammable gas, and an odor component contained in the exhaust gas generated when heating and sterilizing medical waste can be efficiently treated to be harmless and deodorant. (2) Pathogenic bacteria such as viruses contained in exhaust gas can be efficiently sterilized.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の医療廃棄物熱処理排気の処理方法を実
施する装置の一例を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out a treatment method for heat treatment exhaust of medical waste of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１０ 医療廃棄物処理装置 １２ 塩化水素ガス吸着筒 １４ ヒータ １６ 触媒酸化筒 10 Medical waste treatment equipment 12 Hydrogen chloride gas adsorption column 14 heater 16 catalytic oxidation cylinder

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ０１Ｊ 20/04 Ａ 8516−4Ｇ 23/42 23/44 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０３ Ｚ 6525−4Ｄ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication location B01J 20/04 A 8516-4G 23/42 23/44 B09B 3/00 303 Z 6525-4D

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 主としてプラスチック類で構成される医
療廃棄物を加熱・滅菌処理する際に発生する塩化水素ガ
ス、可燃性ガス、臭気ガスなどを含む排気を、反応吸着
剤と接触させて塩化水素ガスを除去した後、触媒と接触
させて可燃性ガス及び臭気ガスを酸化分解することを特
徴とする医療廃棄物熱処理排気の処理方法。1. An exhaust gas containing hydrogen chloride gas, flammable gas, odorous gas, etc., generated when a medical waste mainly composed of plastics is heated and sterilized is brought into contact with a reaction adsorbent to cause hydrogen chloride. A method for treating heat treatment exhaust of medical waste, which comprises oxidizing a combustible gas and an odorous gas by contacting with a catalyst after removing the gas. 【請求項２】 塩化水素ガスを、元素周期律表のI族、I
I族及びVIII族に属する元素の酸化物、水酸化物からな
る群より選ばれた反応吸着剤を用い、反応吸着温度１５
０〜２００℃、空間速度５００〜５０００hr-1にて吸着
除去することを特徴とする請求項１記載の医療廃棄物熱
処理排気の処理方法。2. A hydrogen chloride gas is selected from the group I and I of the periodic table of elements.
Using a reaction adsorbent selected from the group consisting of oxides and hydroxides of elements belonging to Group I and Group VIII, the reaction adsorption temperature 15
The method for treating heat treatment exhaust of medical waste according to claim 1, wherein the treatment is performed by adsorption and removal at 0 to 200 ° C. and a space velocity of 500 to 5000 hr −1 . 【請求項３】 可燃性ガス及び臭気ガスを、Ｐｔ系又は
／及びＰｄ系の触媒を用い、反応温度２００〜４５０
℃、空間速度５００〜４０，０００hr-1にて酸化分解す
ることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の医療廃棄物熱
処理排気の処理方法。3. A Pt-based catalyst and / or a Pd-based catalyst is used as the combustible gas and the odorous gas, and the reaction temperature is 200 to 450.
The method for treating heat treatment exhaust of medical waste according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the treatment is carried out by oxidative decomposition at a temperature of 500 to 40,000 hr -1 at a room temperature.
JP19716291A 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 Medical waste heat treatment exhaust treatment method Expired - Lifetime JP2530529B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19716291A JP2530529B2 (en) 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 Medical waste heat treatment exhaust treatment method
EP92101284A EP0522231B1 (en) 1991-07-11 1992-01-27 Method of and apparatus for treating infectious medical wastes
DE69226991T DE69226991T2 (en) 1991-07-11 1992-01-27 Method and device for treating infectious medical waste
US07/827,620 US5322603A (en) 1991-07-11 1992-01-29 Method of an apparatus for treating infectious medical wastes
US08/027,797 US5393500A (en) 1991-07-11 1993-03-08 Apparatus for treating infectious medical wastes with microwaves and hot air

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19716291A JP2530529B2 (en) 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 Medical waste heat treatment exhaust treatment method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0515579A true JPH0515579A (en) 1993-01-26
JP2530529B2 JP2530529B2 (en) 1996-09-04

Family

ID=16369810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19716291A Expired - Lifetime JP2530529B2 (en) 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 Medical waste heat treatment exhaust treatment method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2530529B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008155202A (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-07-10 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Method and apparatus for heat-treating waste including organic halogen compound using platinum-based catalyst device or palladium-based catalyst device
CN105688665A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-06-22 无锡西玖环保科技有限公司 System applied to organic waste gas treatment, and working method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62172959A (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-07-29 クリフオ−ド・ジ−・シユルツ Treatment of living body waste

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62172959A (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-07-29 クリフオ−ド・ジ−・シユルツ Treatment of living body waste

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008155202A (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-07-10 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Method and apparatus for heat-treating waste including organic halogen compound using platinum-based catalyst device or palladium-based catalyst device
CN105688665A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-06-22 无锡西玖环保科技有限公司 System applied to organic waste gas treatment, and working method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2530529B2 (en) 1996-09-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0522231B1 (en) Method of and apparatus for treating infectious medical wastes
KR100388333B1 (en) Method and apparatus for treatment of fluids
EP0454122A2 (en) Method and apparatus for treating medical wastes
KR20000070649A (en) Apparatus and method for disposal of infectious and medical waste
US20030035764A1 (en) Method and apparatus for using ozone as disinfectant
US5178828A (en) Apparatus for treatment of medical waste materials
JP2530529B2 (en) Medical waste heat treatment exhaust treatment method
US20050263387A1 (en) Method and apparatus for using ozone as a disinfectant
WO1999026668A1 (en) Method and apparatus for purifying appliance exhaust and removing contaminants from objects
CN215961296U (en) Disinfection and sterilization device
CN213284632U (en) Ozone sterilization device
JPH04327848A (en) Method and device for disposing of medical waste
JPH066144B2 (en) Apparatus for sterilizing infectious waste by ozone and sterilization method using this apparatus
JP2516494B2 (en) Medical waste treatment method and device
JP3005177U (en) Sterile dissolution equipment for used syringes
KR20110038220A (en) Hybrid sterilization deodorization device for food garbage treatment
JPH07100196A (en) Method to make waste harmless and equipment therefor
JP2516495B2 (en) Medical waste treatment equipment
JP2002102819A (en) Heat treatment method of medical waste and its apparatus
JPH0698930A (en) Waste treatment device
JPH05185060A (en) Garbage disposer
JP2004359875A (en) Method of producing solid fuel from medical waste materials and its plant
JP2990796B2 (en) Waste treatment equipment
JPH04371285A (en) Disposal device of waste for medical care
JPH07322801A (en) Apparatus for fumigation and decomposition of formaldehyde gas