JPH05153968A - Proliferation of va mycorryhizal bacteria - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To proliferate VA mycorrhizal bacteria useful for agriculture, horticulture, etc., in high infection rate to a host plant to promote the growth of the plant with a simple method by culturing a plant inoculated with VA mycorrhizal bacteria in an air-passing vessel. CONSTITUTION:A plant such as soybean inoculated with VA mycorrhizal bacteria is cultured in an air-passing vessel e.g. at 10-40 deg.C and a soil pH of 4.5-8 to proliferate the VA mycorrhizal bacteria.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi, and more particularly to a method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi by cultivating a plant inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi in an air-permeable container.

[0002]

VA mycorrhizal fungi have long been known to coexist with plant roots to promote the growth of plants and to enhance disease resistance and drought resistance. (Tatsuhiko Suzuki, Agriculture and Horticulture, Vol. 62, No. 8, 1987). As a first step for producing the VA mycorrhizal preparation or for promoting the growth of plants using the VA mycorrhizal fungus, how to grow the VA mycorrhizal fungi infected with the plant is This is an important issue.

As a method for infecting a plant with VA mycorrhizal fungi, for example, the V
The method of mixing A mycorrhizal fungus with the soil or putting the VA mycorrhizal fungus in the planting hole is generally performed. In addition, a hole is made in the root of the plant that has already been transplanted, and the VA is placed near the root.
There is also a method of adding mycorrhizal fungi.

However, in the conventional general method described above, VA
Infection of plants with mycorrhizal fungi results in insufficient germination of VA mycorrhizal spores, resulting in low infection rate, and inadequate growth of VA mycorrhizal fungi even when infection occurs. The effect of root fungus administration was not sufficiently obtained.

An object of the present invention is to improve the growth of VA mycorrhizal fungi and to promote the growth of plants infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi.

[0006]

That is, the present invention provides a VA
The present invention relates to a method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi, which comprises culturing a plant inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and growing the VA mycorrhizal fungus, by cultivating the plant using a container having air permeability.

[0007] VA mycorrhizal fungus is a kind of zygomycetes existing in soil, and it is known that its hyphae form mycorrhizal roots of various plant roots and both coexist. Examples of the VA mycorrhizal fungi include the genus Gigaspora (G. margarita) and the genus Acaulospora [A.la.
evis)], Entrophospora genus [E.infreque
ns), Sclerocystis (S.dussii, etc.), Scutellospora (Scutellospora, S.gregaria, etc.), Gromus (Gromus) [Glomus mosseae (G. mosseae), glomus intraradicies (G. intraradicies), glomus caledonium (G. caledonium), glomus fasciculatum (G. fasciculatum), etc.] are known.

These VA mycorrhizal fungi are collected from the natural world (Tatsuhiko Suzuki, Problems on VA mycorrhiza 5, Agriculture and Horticulture, Vol. 62, No. 3, p28-33, 1987), and nutrient thin film culture method. (JP-A-55-118390), a method of culturing using a charcoal fertilizer (JP-A-60-49).
No. 717), a method using an organ-cultured root (Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-49037), and the like can be used. Note that Gromus Intraradices is sold as Nutri-Link (trade name) by NPI Corporation in the United States. Further, VA mycorrhizal fungi attached to an inorganic or organic carrier can also be used.

On the other hand, there are a great variety of plants (host plants) infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus (Mako Ogawa, symbiotic microorganisms that connect crops and soil, Agricultural and Fisheries Cultural Association, 1987), such as soybean and clover. Legumes such as legumes, corn, crabgrass, sorghum (also known as sorghum, sorghum), solanaceous plants such as eggplant, tomato and potato, cucurbitaceous plants such as cucumber, asteraceae plants such as cineraria, Shukaidou such as begonia Family plants and the like are preferable.

The soil (base material) used for infecting plants with VA mycorrhizal fungi may be any soil on which the plants can grow, but specifically soil, sand, (calcined) red tama soil, Kanuma Soil, zeolite, vermiculite, talc, (calcination)
Examples include diatomaceous earth, pumice stone, and mulch.

In order to enhance the plant growth promoting effect of VA mycorrhizal fungi, it is necessary to increase the infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungi to the plants and efficiently propagate them. In addition, the higher the infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungi to a plant, the better the formation of spores. Therefore, it is advantageous that the infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungi is high when obtaining a VA mycorrhizal fungus preparation.

When a plant is infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi, it is usually 1 to 100,000, preferably 5 to 10,000, per plant.
Individual VA spores may be inoculated into the plant. The higher the dose, the higher the infection rate, but at an economical disadvantage. There is no limitation on the method of inoculating the VA mycorrhizal fungus to the plant, the timing, and the like, and the application time may be, for example, before or after rooting of the host plant, but particularly during seeding and pretreatment of cuttings. It is suitable when seeding and cutting are performed at the same time, or when seedlings are transplanted.
As the application method, VA mycorrhizal fungus is mixed with the soil, put in the root, or applied in a layered form to the lower layer of seeds and shoots,
A method such as putting it in a planting hole at the time of planting is preferable.

In the present invention, a container having air permeability is used for growing a plant inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungus. A breathable container is one in which air and moisture can flow from the side and bottom of the container, and specifically made of breathable material, such as unglazed pottery, plastic fiber, and glass fiber. In addition to containers made of materials such as non-woven fabrics, it also means plastic containers formed into a porous shape, and does not include those in which commercially available plastic pots have holes at the bottom. In addition, unglazed pottery coated with glaze is excluded. The size and number of holes provided in the bottom of the container are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a structure capable of increasing the contact area with air, for example, a net structure. Also, regarding the size of the container, it is only necessary to physically maintain the strength, and the diameter is usually 1 m.
Something up to the degree is used.

The plant inoculated with the VA mycorrhizal fungus is placed in an air-permeable container in a conventional manner, for example, at a temperature of 5 to 60 ° C., preferably 10 to 40 ° C., and a soil pH of 4 to 9.5, preferably Is 4.
By cultivating the plant under the conditions of 5 to 8, the VA mycorrhizal fungus infects the root of the plant, and the infection is actively spread and proliferated. Along with this, the growth of plants is promoted. The cultivation period is appropriately determined according to the plant. In addition, fertilizer and irrigation can be performed if necessary. Usually, when the host plant is fully grown after about 1.5 to 7 months, the VA mycorrhizal fungus forms spores when the water supply is cut off and the host plant is allowed to stand for a while. Therefore, the spores are separated and collected from the cultivated soil to collect VA.
A mycorrhizal preparation is obtained. The method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi according to the present invention can be used for producing VA mycorrhizal fungi. Also,
It can also be used for plant cultivation. For example, at the time of raising seedlings of vegetables and fruit trees, or cultivating ornamental plants, V
By inoculating and growing the mycorrhizal fungus, the rate of infection of these plants can be increased and good growth of the plants can be achieved.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. Example 1 2 parts by weight of fully-ripened mulch, 1 part by weight of fine-grained red tama soil, 2 parts of Kuroboku soil
By weight, 1 part by weight of vermiculite, 1 part by weight of peat moss and 0.5 part by weight of perlite were mixed and sterilized with ethylene oxide. Then, after thoroughly degassing, the chemical fertilizer (N: P: K = 10: 10:
10) was added at a rate of 2 g per liter of soil.

9 liters of this soil was placed in a 60 × 30 × 8 cm nursery box, seeds of various plants were sown, the minimum temperature was kept at 20 ° C. in a greenhouse, and water was appropriately irrigated to carry out seedling raising for a predetermined period. The following varieties were used as plants. Plant name Varieties Raising period (days) Eustoma grandiflorum Fairy white 32 Starch early blue 43 Cyclamen sirius 92 Geranium obic white 28 On the other hand, the above soil was packed in a No. 4 unglazed pot or a plastic pot (no holes except the bottom). In addition, the hole (diameter 2 cm) at the bottom of the pot was laid with a mesh (1 mm) made of polyvinyl chloride resin to prevent the soil from coming off.

In the test, 5 pots were used per ward, and seedlings of the above plants were transplanted to the pots. That is, a planting hole is made in the center of the pot, and VA mycorrhizal fungus (80 spores of Glomus fasiculatorum or spores of Glomus intracellularis 16
0) was added, and plant seedlings were transplanted thereon. Note that Gromus fascicletum and Gromus intraradices were rejected to be accepted by the Institute of Microbial Technology, Institute of Industrial Science and Technology.

After transplanting, put a pot in a greenhouse and set 20 to 32.
Cultivation was continued at 0 ° C., and appropriate watering was performed during the cultivation period.

Then, the plants were collected from the pots, the infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungi was calculated by the following method, and the average value was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

Method for measuring infection rate (staining with trypan blue) (a) The roots of infected plants are thoroughly washed with water. (B) Put the drained roots in a beaker and boil in 10% KOH for 1 hour while boiling slightly. (C) If the roots are colored, rinse with 10% KOH, then decolorize with 10 times diluted H ₂ O ₂ (about 3%) for 5 minutes,
Then, wash with water. (D) The roots are dipped in a lactophenol-trypan blue stain solution and boiled gently for 5 to 30 minutes. The composition of the lactophenol-trypan blue staining solution (1 liter) is as follows. Phenol 200 ml Distilled water 200 ml Lactic acid 200 ml Glycerin 400 ml Trypan blue 1 g ──────────────── 1000 ml, 0.1% Trypan blue (e) Roots are washed with water and observed under a microscope. (F) Place the stained sample on the grit at 1 cm intervals, check it with a microscope and observe about 100 microscopes, measure the number of infections, divide the number of infections by the total number of infections, and calculate the infection rate as a percentage. Ask.

[0021]

[Table 1] Table 1 Plant name VA Mycorrhizal cultivation after transplantation Infection rate (%) Days (days) Unbaked pot Plastic pot ────────────────────── ─────────────── Eustoma G. f 130 212 G. i 130 11 0 Staticis G.I. f 110 26 14 G.F. i 110 14 9 cyclamen G.I. f 135 32 24 G.F. i 135 36 23 Geranium G.I. f804632G. i 80 22 7 ──────────────────────────────────── G. f: Gromus Fasciculator G. i: Gromus Intraradices

[0022]

According to the method of the present invention, V
The infection rate of A mycorrhizal fungi can be significantly increased, the growth of plants can be promoted, and the growth of the VA mycorrhizal fungi can be improved. Moreover, the method of the present invention is a simple method of cultivating a plant inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi in a container having air permeability, and is highly practical.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungus is cultivated to produce V.
A method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi, which comprises cultivating the plant in a container having air permeability when growing the mycorrhizal fungus.