JPH05147448A - Power train structure of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a power train structure in the longitudinal direction of a car body, as for a four-wheel drive vehicle in Which an engine and a speed change device are arranged in paallel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. CONSTITUTION:As for a four-wheel drive vehicle, a speed change device 12 is arranged behind the right side part of an engine 3, and a power distribution device 18 for front and rear wheels and a front wheel differential gear 20 are arranged in deflection in the left direction, keeping a prescribed space 22 on the left side of the speed change device 12. Further, a bevel gear 28 of a transfer device 25 for changing the power transmission to the rear wheel by 90 deg. is arranged in the space 22. Accordingly, the power distribution device 18, front wheel differential 20, and a transfer device 25 are arranged in parallel in the car width direction, on a drive shaft 17 for the front wheel, and the length in the longitudinal direction of the car body can be shortened, in comparison with the arrangement of the transfer device 25 behind the drive shaft 17 of the front wheel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in vehicle powertrain structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a powertrain structure for a vehicle, for example, as disclosed in German Laid-Open Patent Publication DE 3838073, in a front-wheel drive vehicle, an engine is arranged so that the axis of its crankshaft is located in the vehicle width direction. At the same time, a transmission is arranged at the rear of the vehicle body of the engine, the shaft of the transmission is positioned parallel to the crankshaft of the engine, and the engine and the transmission are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Are known. In this prior art publication, the drive shaft of the front wheels is arranged below the transmission.

[0003]

By the way, in developing the powertrain structure for a vehicle as described above for a four-wheel drive vehicle, the power distribution for distributing the power transmitted from the engine to the transmission to the front and rear wheels. A device, a transfer device having a bevel gear that converts the power transmission direction to the distributed rear wheels by 90 °, and a propeller shaft extending rearward from the bevel gear of the transfer device are separately provided to transfer power. It is generally configured to transmit from the propeller shaft to the rear wheel via the.

However, in that case, the transfer device and the propeller shaft are arranged substantially at the center position in the vehicle width direction, and the front wheel differential is also arranged near the center position in the vehicle width direction. The bevel gears and the front wheel differentials partially overlap in their positions. Therefore, in order to avoid the overlap, the transfer device is placed rearward of the vehicle body with respect to the drive shaft of the front wheels. The whole becomes longer toward the rear of the vehicle body, and there is a pity that compactness cannot be effectively achieved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a power train structure in which an engine and a transmission are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction of a vehicle body as described above. By arranging the bevel gears of the differential, power distribution device, and transfer device at appropriate positions, the powertrain structure can be made compact by arranging these devices at positions close to each other around the drive shaft of the front wheels. It is in.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the position of the front wheel differential is set at a position displaced in the vehicle width direction to avoid interference with the bevel gear of the transfer device. And

That is, the specific means for solving the problems of the invention according to claim 1 is to provide an engine in which the crankshaft is arranged in the vehicle width direction as described above and a crankshaft of the engine located in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body of the engine. It is premised on a powertrain structure for a vehicle, which is provided with a transmission whose shafts are positioned parallel to each other. A power distribution device that distributes power to the front and rear wheels and a front wheel differential are arranged adjacent to each other on the drive shaft of the front wheel on the side of the transmission in the vehicle width direction, and the power distribution device and the front wheel differential are disposed. A bevel gear of a transfer device for transmitting power to the rear wheels to the propeller shaft is arranged in a space in the vehicle width direction between the transmission and the transmission.

Further, in the invention described in claim 2, the invention described in claim 1 is limited, and a part of the drive shaft of the front wheels facing the transmission is supported by a case of the transmission.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 limits the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, and integrally forms the cylinder block of the engine, the case of the front wheel differential and the case of the transfer device. It is configured.

In addition, in the invention described in claim 4, the invention described in claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 is limited,
The drive shaft of the front wheels is arranged so as to pass through the oil case of the transmission.

[0011]

With the above construction, in the invention of claim 1,
Since the bevel gears of the transfer device are arranged laterally in the vehicle width direction of the power distribution device for the front and rear wheels and the front wheel differential, these devices can be favorably arranged on the drive shaft of the front wheels without interference. Compared to the case where the bevel gear of the transfer device is arranged behind the drive shaft of the front wheels behind the vehicle body, the entire powertrain structure is made compact in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

In particular, in the invention according to claim 1, the drive shaft of the front wheel is the front wheel differential because the split front wheel differentials of the bevel gear of the transfer device are displaced in the vehicle width direction as described above. The axial length from the left wheel to the left wheel and the axial length from the right wheel become unequal lengths, which causes the amount of deflection in the radial direction to increase in a portion having a long axial length. In the invention,
Since the portion having the long axial length is supported by the case of the transmission, the supporting rigidity is increased and the amount of vibration in the radial direction is sufficiently limited.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the engine cylinder block, the front wheel differential case, and the transfer device case are integrally formed, the rigidity of the entire power train structure is increased.

Further, in the invention of claim 4, since the drive shaft of the front wheel penetrates the oil case of the transmission and is supported by the oil case, the support rigidity of the drive shaft of the front wheel becomes high.

[0015]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, in the power train structure for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the engine and the transmission are arranged in parallel, the power distribution device for the front and rear wheels and the front wheels are provided. Since the differential for the vehicle and the bevel gear of the transfer device are arranged side by side in the vehicle width direction,
These devices can be placed on the drive shaft of the front wheels,
By shortening the length of the entire power train in the front-back direction,
It can be made compact.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, even if the drive shafts of the front wheels are unequal in length on the left wheel side and the right wheel side, the long shaft portion is supported by the transmission case. As a result, the supporting rigidity of the drive shaft is increased, and the amount of vibration of the drive shaft in the radial direction can be limited to a small amount.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the rigidity of the entire power train can be improved by integrally connecting the cylinder block of the engine, the front wheel differential case, and the transfer device case.

In addition, according to the invention of claim 4, since the drive shaft of the front wheels is supported by the oil case of the transmission, the support rigidity of the drive shaft can be improved.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a power train structure for a vehicle according to the present invention.

In each of the drawings, 1 is a vehicle hood,
Reference numeral 2 denotes an engine room formed below the bonnet 1. A multi-cylinder engine 3 is arranged in the engine room 2, and the engine 3 is arranged horizontally in the vehicle width direction with its crankshaft 3a positioned in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 3 is arranged so as to be inclined rearward of the vehicle body, the intake port 3b is located on the front side of the vehicle body, and the exhaust port 3c is located on the rear side of the vehicle body. An intake pipe 4 extending forward of the vehicle body is connected to the port 3b, and an exhaust pipe 5 is connected to the exhaust port 3c. The exhaust pipe 5 is arranged so as to extend rearward of the vehicle body and obliquely downward.

At the right end of FIG. 2 of the engine 1, a clutch device 8 is arranged. The clutch device 8 includes an output shaft 9
A flywheel 3d having a clutch disc 8a connected to the pressure plate 8b and a clutch plate 8a connected to the end of the crankshaft 3a of the engine 3 by the pressure plate 8b during the connecting operation.
Is frictionally engaged with and the engine power is transmitted to the output shaft 9.

Further, behind the vehicle body on the right side of FIG. 2 of the engine 3, for example, a transmission 12 having four forward gears and one reverse gear.
Are arranged. The transmission 12 has its input shaft 12
Both a and the output shaft 12b are arranged in the engine room 2 in a state of being positioned parallel to the crankshaft 3a of the engine 3. A power transmission mechanism 13 is arranged between the transmission 12 and the clutch device 8. The power transmission mechanism 13 includes a driving sprocket 13a drivingly connected to the right end of the output shaft 9 in FIG. 2 and a driven sprocket 13b drivingly connected to the input shaft 12a of the transmission 12.
And a chain 13c wound between the sprockets 13a and 13b, the power transmitted to the output shaft 9 when the clutch device 8 is connected is transmitted to the input shaft 12a of the transmission 12 via the power transmission mechanism 13. It is a configuration that does.

On the other hand, the output shaft 12b of the transmission 12 extends to the left end portion of the engine 3 in FIG. 2, and the final drive pinion 14 is arranged at the right end portion of the extending portion.

A drive shaft 17 for the front wheels W is arranged below the transmission 12 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 2, on the drive shaft 17, a power distribution device that distributes power to the front and rear wheels is located laterally of the transmission 12 in the vehicle width direction and directly below the position of the final drive pinion 14. Center differential 18 and the center differential 18
2 adjacent to the left side of FIG. 2 is arranged.

The center differential 18 has a function of absorbing a difference in rotation speed between front and rear wheels when the vehicle turns.
As shown in FIG. 2, the transmission 1 comprises a planetary gear type.
2, a ring gear 18a meshingly linked to the final drive pinion 14, a plurality of pinion gears 18b meshing with the ring gear 18a, and a plurality of pinion gears 1
8b meshes with a sun gear 18c, which is an outer shell 20c of the front wheel differential 20.
It is rotatably arranged on the drive shaft 17 of the front wheels via the.

On the other hand, the front wheel differential 20 has two
The two pinion gears 20a are connected to the left and right shaft portions 17a and 17b of the drive shaft 17 for the front wheels.
And a side gear 20b, the pinion gear 20
A is drive-connected via a case 20c to a carrier 18d that connects the left side parts of the plurality of pinion gears 18b ... Of the center differential 18 in FIG. Furthermore,
The support shaft 18e of the sun gear 18c of the center differential 18 extends rightward in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the transmission 12 is provided between the transmission 12 and the center differential 18.
Since the output shaft 12b of the above is extended to the left in the figure, a hollow space 22 is formed substantially in the center 1 of the vehicle width direction. In the hollow space 22, a support shaft 18e of the sun gear 18c of the center differential 18 is formed. And a transfer device 25 for transmitting power to the rear wheels distributed by the center differential 18 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 1, the transfer device 25 is located above the steering shaft 22 extending in the vehicle width direction, and
A bevel gear 28 connected to the support shaft 18e of the sun gear 18c of the center differential 18, and the bevel gear 28
It has a bevel gear part 29a that meshes with
And a drive pinion 29 arranged above.

In addition, a propeller shaft 30 for transmitting power to the rear wheels is arranged behind the drive pinion 29 of the transfer device 25 so as to extend from the axis of the pinion 29.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the case 12c of the transmission 12 is extended to the drive shaft 17 side of the front wheels, and the extended transmission case 12c faces the case 12c. The drive shaft 17 portion of the wheel penetrates through, and the bearings 32, 32 are arranged at two left and right places in this penetrating portion, and the drive shaft 17 of the front wheel is freely rotatable by the bearing 32 of the transmission case 12c. It is a structure to support.

Further, the extended transmission case 12 is provided.
In the case of c, the inside is formed as a closed space, and the oil for lubricating each transmission gear of the transmission 12 and the oil for the converter are stored in the case 12c when the clutch device 8 is replaced by a torque converter. Function as an oil case.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the engine 3 is
The center of the crankshaft 3a and the drive shaft 17 of the front wheels
With the axis connecting the center of the cylinder as a boundary, the cylinder block 3d on the upper side and the lower block 3e on the lower side are partitioned and divided.
An oil pan 36 is connected to the lower surface of the lower block 3e. The cylinder block 3d is extended obliquely downward on the rear side of the vehicle body and is integrally formed as a case 20d of the front wheel differential 20 and a case 25a of the transfer device 25. The case 25a portion of the transfer device 25 is a drive unit. The pinion 29 is covered up to the outer periphery thereof, and an opening o for connecting the flange portion 29b of the transfer device 25 is formed on the rear side of the vehicle body.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, the center differential 18 and the front wheel differential 2 are provided.
0 is displaced to the left in FIG. 2 from the center position 1 in the vehicle width direction, and a void 22 is formed in a portion including these and the transmission 12 including the center position 1 in the vehicle width direction. Since the bevel gear 28 of the transfer device 25 is arranged in the void 22, the center differential 18, the front wheel differential 20, and the transfer device 25 are arranged side by side on the drive shaft 17 of the front wheel in the vehicle width direction. Can be placed close together. Therefore, as compared with the case where the transfer device 25 is arranged behind the drive shaft 17 of the front wheels in the vehicle body, the powertrain structure can be shortened in the vehicle body front-rear direction, and the size can be reduced.

In addition, when the center differential 18 and the front wheel differential 20 are set to be displaced in the left direction in FIG. 2 as described above, the shaft portion 17b of the front wheel drive shaft 17 from the front wheel differential 20 to the right wheel is set. Although the shaft length is long, the shaft portion 17b is supported by the case 12c of the transmission 12, so that the supporting rigidity is increased and the amount of radial runout can be effectively suppressed. In particular, this shaft portion 17b
Since the transmission case 12c that supports the motor functions as an oil case in a closed space, it is possible to favorably support the drive shaft 17 of the front wheel while effectively utilizing the extended transmission case 12c.

Further, the cylinder block 3d of the engine 3
Since the case 20d of the front wheel differential 20 and the case 25a of the transfer 25 are integrally formed, the rigidity of the entire power train structure can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout view of a power train structure of a vehicle as seen from a side of a vehicle body.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a power train structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 engine 3a crankshaft 3d cylinder block 12 transmission 12a input shaft 12b output shaft 12c case 12e oil case W front wheel 17 front wheel drive shaft 18 center differential (power distribution device) 20 front wheel differential 20d case 25 transfer device 25a case 28 bevel gear 32 bearing

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location // B60K 17/24 8521-3D

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A power train of a vehicle comprising an engine having a crankshaft arranged in a vehicle width direction, and a transmission located in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body of the engine and having a shaft positioned parallel to the crankshaft of the engine. In the structure, a power distribution device that distributes power to the front and rear wheels and a front wheel differential are arranged adjacent to each other on the drive shaft of the front wheels on the side of the transmission in the vehicle width direction, and the power distribution device and A powertrain structure for a vehicle, wherein a bevel gear of a transfer device for transmitting power to the rear wheels to a propeller shaft is arranged in a space in a vehicle width direction between a front wheel differential and the transmission. 2. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the drive shaft of the front wheels facing the transmission is supported by a case of the transmission. 3. The vehicle powertrain structure according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder block of the engine, the case of the front wheel differential, and the case of the transfer device are integrally formed. 4. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft of the front wheels penetrates an oil case of the transmission.