JPH05146927A - Differential gear assembling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To satisfactorily assemble a differential gear. CONSTITUTION:A differential gear assembling device has a chuck system 10 holding a differential gear 4 and coupling it with a case 2 via a washer 5. The chuck system 10 has a nearly cylindrical shaft section 12, and a collet 12d holding the differential gear 4 from the inside is provided at the tip of the shaft section 12. A washer guide 14 radially expanded outward in the radius direction by the spring force is provided on the side face of the shaft section 12. Even if the washer 5 is removed from the rear side 4c of the differential gear 4, the washer 5 is held by the washer guide 14, and it is not dropped onto the recess 2b of the case 2. The washer 5 is prevented from being bitten when the drive shaft connection section 4b of the differential gear 4 and the recess 25 of the case 2 are coupled.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a differential / differential gear assembling device for assembling a differential gear to a case.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A differential / differential gear 4 and a washer 5 arranged around a cylindrical drive shaft connecting portion 4b projectingly formed in the center of the tooth surface rear side of the differential gear 4 are provided in a differential case. 2 openings 2c
As a method of engaging the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 with the concave portion 2b formed at the end of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a of the case 2, the conventional method shown in FIGS. The method shown is used. First, the differential gear 4 and the washer 5 are connected to the clamp hand 6
And hold it together and insert it into the case 2 through the opening 2c. Then, the center line of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a of the case 2 and the center line of the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 are held so as to coincide with each other. In this state, the substantially cylindrical shaft portion 8a of the chuck mechanism 8 is advanced (raised in the figure) into the case 2 through the drive shaft insertion hole 2a, and the tip end 8b of the shaft portion 8a grips the clamp hand 6. The drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 thus formed is gripped from the inside. Chuck mechanism 8
When the differential gear 4 is gripped by the shaft portion 8a, the clamp hand 6 separates the differential gear 4 and the washer 5 and returns to the original position. Next, the shaft portion 8a of the chuck mechanism 8 descends within the drive shaft insertion hole 2a by a predetermined distance to engage the drive shaft connecting portion 4b with the recess 2b of the case 2. In this way, the assembling of the differential / differential gear 4 to the differential case 2 is completed.

[0003]

However, according to the present invention, the differential gear 4 is moved by the shaft portion 8a of the chuck mechanism 8.
When the differential gear 4 is gripped, that is, in the state shown in FIG.
And when the clamp hand 6 is separated from the washer 5,
The washer 5 may fall and the washer 5 may be located on the recess 2b of the case 2. When the differential gear 4 descends with the washer 5 positioned above the recess 2b, the washer 5 is caught between the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 and the recess 2b of the case 2. The assembly of the differential gear 4 with respect to the case 2 becomes defective.

A technical object of the present invention is to install a washer guide on the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism so that the washer does not drop onto the recess 2b of the case, thereby connecting the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear. It is intended to satisfactorily assemble the differential gear to the case by preventing the washer from being caught in the recess of the case.

[0005]

The above-mentioned problems can be solved by a differential / differential gear assembling device having the following structures. That is, the differential / differential gear assembling device according to the present invention is arranged around the differential / differential gear and the cylindrical drive shaft connecting portion formed to project in the center of the tooth gear back side of the differential gear. Assemble the differential and differential gear by inserting the washer and the differential case through the opening of the differential case and engaging the drive shaft connecting part of the differential gear with the recess formed at the end of the drive shaft insertion hole of the case. In the device, the differential gear and the washer are both gripped and inserted into the case through the opening,
A clamp hand that holds the drive shaft through hole of the case so that the center line of the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear and the center line of the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear match, and a substantially cylindrical shaft portion from the drive shaft through hole to the case. The drive shaft connecting part of the differential gear held by the clamp hand from the inside with the tip of the shaft part, and retracts the shaft part by a predetermined distance after the clamp hand leaves. And a chuck mechanism that engages the drive shaft connecting portion with the recess of the case, and is installed on the side surface of the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism, and is radial in a radial direction of the shaft portion from a state of being embedded in the shaft portion. It has a structure that can be freely deformed in the expanded state or in the opposite direction. And a washer guide and capable of holding to match substantially with the axis of the shaft portion.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the washer guide is installed on the side surface of the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism so as to be radially expanded from the state of being embedded in the shaft portion to the radial direction of the shaft portion, or the opposite direction. It has a structure that can be freely transformed. Therefore, when the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism is inserted into the differential case through the drive shaft insertion hole, the washer guide can be housed in the radial direction of the shaft portion following the drive shaft insertion hole. , This washer guide does not hinder the entry of the shaft. If the washer guide is expanded while the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism holds the differential gear, the washer disengaged from the differential gear causes the washer guide to align the shaft portion with the shaft center. It will be held in the open state. As a result, the washer does not drop on the recess of the differential case. Further, even when the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism retracts in order to engage the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear with the concave portion of the case, the washer guide can be housed in the radial direction following the drive shaft insertion hole. With this, there is no hindrance to the retreat of the shaft. In this way, the washer is not caught between the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear and the recess of the case, and the two can be engaged well.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a differential gear according to this embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a differential / differential gear 4 (hereinafter, referred to as a differential gear 4) is assembled to a differential case 2 (hereinafter, referred to as a case 2) by a differential gear assembling device. The case 2 includes two differential gears 4 (one is not shown) provided coaxially opposite each other, and two pinion gears that mesh with the differential gears 4 with their axes orthogonal to each other. And a flange portion 2f for attaching a ring gear (not shown) to the outer peripheral portion. Further, in the case 2, drive shaft insertion holes 2a are formed at two locations (upper and lower parts in the drawing) coaxially with the flange portion 2f. A recess 2b having a diameter larger than that of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a is coaxially formed at opposite ends of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a formed at these two locations. Further, on the side surface of the case 2, two openings 2c (one location is shown in the figure) are provided at opposing positions, and the openings 2c are provided.
Therefore, the differential gear 4 and the pinion gear can be inserted. Before assembling the differential gear 4, the case 2 is set to a reference position by engaging a cylindrical portion 2e forming the drive shaft insertion hole 2a with a positioning hole 3a formed in the table 3. ..

The differential gear 4 is a bevel gear and has a through hole 4e formed in the direction of the inner axis thereof. On the back side 4c of the tooth surface 4a, a cylindrical drive shaft connecting portion 4 is provided at the center.
b is formed to project. Here, the outer diameter of the drive shaft connecting portion 4b is made substantially equal to the inner diameter of the recess 2b of the case 2. A flat washer 5 is arranged around the drive shaft connecting portion 4b between the back side 4c of the differential gear 4 and the receiving surface 2h of the case 2.

Next, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a chuck mechanism 10 for gripping the differential gear 4 from the inside of the through hole 4e.
Will be described. The chuck mechanism 10 includes a substantially columnar shaft portion 12 and a drive device (not shown) for moving the shaft portion 12 back and forth in the axial direction (vertical direction in the drawing). The shaft center of the shaft portion 12 is the table 3
Drive shaft insertion hole 2 of case 2 positioned at
It is installed so as to coincide with the axis of a. Shaft 12
Has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a of the case 2, and the tip end portion thereof is chamfered to be tapered. When the drive device is operated to raise the shaft portion 12, the shaft portion 12 slides upward in the drive shaft insertion hole 2a and enters the inside of the case 2. When the drive device is operated to lower the shaft portion 12, the shaft portion 12 slides downward in the drive shaft insertion hole 2a and retracts from the inside of the case 2.

A through hole 1 is formed in the inner axial direction of the shaft portion 12.
2a is formed. Then, in this through hole 12a,
The shaft 12b is housed so as to be slidable in the axial direction (vertical direction in the drawing). One end (lower side in the figure) of the shaft 12b is connected to a piston rod of an air cylinder (not shown), and the shaft 12b can be vertically displaced in the shaft portion 12 by the operation of the air cylinder. It is like this. At the other end (upper end in the figure) of the shaft 12b, a disk-shaped drawbar 12 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the tip of the shaft portion 12 is provided.
c is fixed. The draw bar 12c is provided with a taper on the outer surface so that the tip side has a large diameter.

A substantially cylindrical collet 12d is engaged with the chamfered tip portion of the shaft portion 12 and around the draw bar 12c. The collet 12d is manufactured so that the outer diameter is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the through hole 4e of the differential gear 4, and the collet 12d has a structure capable of expanding outward in the radial direction. Further, the upper portion of the inner surface of the collet 12d is provided with a taper having an inclination substantially equal to the outer surface of the draw bar 12c, and the lower portion is provided with a taper having an inclination substantially equal to the outer surface of the tip portion of the shaft portion 12. Has been. Due to this structure, the draw bar 12c is
When the draw bar 12 is displaced so that it approaches the tip of the
c deeply penetrates into the inside of the collet 12d and presses the tapered inner surface of the collet 12d.
2d is expanded radially outward. That is, the collet 12d is expanded in the radial direction by driving the air cylinder in the direction in which the piston rod is housed. Therefore, the chuck mechanism 10 holds the differential gear 4 from the inside of the through hole 4e by inserting the collet 12d into the through hole 4e of the differential gear 4 and expanding the collet 12d with an air cylinder. You can

Three washer guides 1 are provided at substantially equal intervals (every 120 °) in the circumferential direction on the substantially central portion of the shaft portion 12.
4 are installed. 2 and 3 show the washer guide 1
4 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft portion 12 including No. 4. Washer guide 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a member having a rectangular shape in plan view and a trapezoidal side surface, which is housed in a groove portion 12f formed on the surface of the shaft portion 12 in the axial direction. The washer guide 14 and the groove 12f
The washer guide 14 between the bottom of the shaft 1
The spring 14b is arranged so as to be pushed outward in the radial direction. Here, when the washer guides 14 are radially expanded by the springs 14b, the three washer guides 14 are moved to the shaft portion 12 and
Radially spread in the radial direction. Then, with the washer guide 14 widened to the maximum extent, the tip end surface 14a of the washer guide 14 (the surface corresponding to the upper base of the trapezoid)
The diameter of the virtual circle formed by is larger than the outer diameter of the washer 5 located on the back side 4c of the differential gear 4. Further, the spring 14b is attached to the washer guide 14.
When a force equal to or greater than the spring force is applied to the inner side in the radial direction, the washer guide 14 is embedded in the groove 12f until the tip surface 14a of the washer guide 14 coincides with the surface of the shaft portion 12.

Next, a procedure for assembling the differential gear 4 to the case 2 by the differential / differential gear assembling apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. First, when the case 2 is positioned at the reference position of the table 3, the case 2 is held while the differential gear 4 and the washer 5 are both gripped by the clamp hand 6 as shown in FIG.
Is inserted into the inside through the opening 2c. The clamp hand 6 holds the drive shaft insertion hole 2a of the case 2 so that the center line of the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 is aligned with the center line of the drive shaft insertion hole 2a.
Next, in this state, the drive device of the chuck mechanism 10 is operated to raise the shaft portion 12, and the shaft portion 12 enters the inside of the case 2 through the drive shaft insertion hole 2a of the case 2. Here, the shaft portion 12 is the drive shaft insertion hole 2
When passing through the drive shaft insertion hole 2a, the washer guide 14 resists the force of the spring 14b.
And is embedded in the groove 12f. Therefore, the washer guide 14 does not hinder the passage. When the portion of the washer guide 14 enters the inside of the case 2, no external force is applied to the washer guide 14, so that the washer guide 14 is replaced by the spring 14
Radially spread outward in the radial direction by b force.

The shaft portion that has passed through the drive shaft insertion hole 2a and has entered the inside of the case 2 has a collet 12d located at the tip thereof inserted inside the through hole 4e of the differential gear 4. Then, when the collet 12d is inserted into the drive shaft connecting portion 4b by a predetermined depth, the driving device of the chuck mechanism 10 is stopped, and then the air cylinder is operated to expand the collet 12d radially outward. .. As a result, the differential gear 4 is gripped by the chuck mechanism 10 from the inside of the through hole 4e. In this state, the clamp hand 6 separates the differential gear 4 and the washer 5 and returns to the original position. Here, when the clamp hand 6 is separated from the differential gear 4 and the washer 5, the washer 5
Comes out of the differential gear 4 and falls. However, since the washer guide 14 provided on the shaft portion 12 radially expands in three directions, the washer 5 is held by the washer guide 14. As a result,
The washer 5 is not located above the recess 2b of the case 2.

Next, the driving device of the chuck mechanism 10 is actuated again, and the shaft portion 12 holding the differential gear 4 descends. As a result, the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 is guided into and engaged with the recess 2b of the case 2.
Here, when the shaft portion 12 descends, the washer guide 14 which is expanded radially is displaced radially inward along the inner surface of the recess 2b when passing through the recess 2b. However, since the washer 5 falls through the outside of the tip surface 14a of the washer guide 14, it is automatically arranged on the receiving surface 2h of the case 2. Therefore, the washer does not get caught between the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 and the recess 2b of the case 2. When the engagement between the drive shaft connecting portion 4b of the differential gear 4 and the recess 2b of the case 2 is completed, the drive device of the chuck mechanism 10 is stopped, and then the air cylinder is operated to displace the shaft 12b upward. The collet 12d is contracted radially inward. As a result, the connection between the differential gear 4 and the chuck mechanism 10 is released. From this state, the shaft portion 1 of the chuck mechanism 10 is further
When 2 descends and retreats to the outside of Case 2, differential gear 4
The assembling work of is completed.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the differential
Since the washer is not caught between the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear and the concave portion of the differential case, the differential / differential gear is properly assembled to the differential case. In addition, the number of washer defects is reduced and the performance of the differential device is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing how a differential / differential gear is assembled in a differential case.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing a conventional method of assembling a differential / differential gear to a differential case.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a conventional method of assembling a differential / differential gear to a differential case.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Differential Case 2a Drive Shaft Insertion Hole 2b Recess 2c Differential Case Opening 4 Differential / Differential Gear 4b Drive Shaft Connection 5 Washer 10 Chuck Mechanism 12 Shaft 14 Washer Guide

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Yoichi Eda 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Nagatoshi Kurata 130 130 Oike, Hanemachi, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A differential gear, and a washer arranged around a cylindrical drive shaft connecting portion projectingly formed in the center of the tooth gear back side of the differential gear.
In the differential / differential gear assembling device, which is inserted from the opening of the differential case, and the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear is engaged with the recess formed at the end of the drive shaft insertion hole of the case, The differential gear and the washer are both gripped and inserted into the case through the opening, and the center line of the drive shaft insertion hole of the case and the center line of the drive shaft connecting portion of the differential gear are aligned. And the clamp hand that holds it in such a manner that a substantially cylindrical shaft portion is inserted into the case through the drive shaft insertion hole, and the tip of the shaft portion connects the drive shaft of the differential gear held by the clamp hand. After the gripping part is gripped from the inside and the clamp hand is released, the shaft part is retracted by a predetermined distance to drive the drive. A chuck mechanism that engages the shaft connecting portion with the recess of the case, and is installed on the side surface of the shaft portion of the chuck mechanism, and is radially expanded in a radial direction of the shaft portion from a state of being embedded in the shaft portion. A washer guide that holds the washer so that the center line of the washer is substantially in line with the shaft center of the shaft portion when the washer is in an expanded state. A differential / differential gear assembling device characterized by having.