JPH05146462A - Artificial joint - Google Patents
Artificial jointInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05146462A JPH05146462A JP34216391A JP34216391A JPH05146462A JP H05146462 A JPH05146462 A JP H05146462A JP 34216391 A JP34216391 A JP 34216391A JP 34216391 A JP34216391 A JP 34216391A JP H05146462 A JPH05146462 A JP H05146462A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bone
- modulus
- sheath
- joint
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は切除された関節及び骨を
補綴する為の人工関節に関し、詳細には残存骨との適合
性が高く、しかも短期間で製作することのできる人工関
節に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resected joint and an artificial joint for prosthesis of a bone, and more particularly to an artificial joint which has a high compatibility with residual bone and can be manufactured in a short period of time. Is.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】膝関節症やリュウマチのうち重度骨損傷
を生じている場合や骨腫瘍等の治療においては、膝関節
部位を切除し、これに替えて人工膝関節を装着すること
がある。例えば骨腫瘍は、図４（右脚の体側に沿った縦
断面を後方側より見た図）に示す大腿骨Ｂの遠位側及び
脛骨Ａの近位側において発生しやすい疾患であり、膝関
節部位を症状に合わせて大きくまたは小さく切除し、他
の部位への腫瘍の転移を防止する必要がある。このとき
患者本人の骨をできるだけ残存骨として残す様に配慮さ
れるが、その程度は疾患の程度や患者の状態によって異
なるものの、前十字靭帯６ａ（紙面の背側），後十字靭
帯６ｂ（紙面の手前側）、内側側副靭帯５ａ，外側側副
靭帯５ｂ等は全て切除されてしまうので、膝関節として
の運動機能及び固定機能は全て失われる。2. Description of the Related Art Knee joints may be excised and replaced with artificial knee joints in cases where severe bone damage is occurring in knee arthrosis or rheumatism or in the treatment of bone tumors and the like. For example, a bone tumor is a disease that easily occurs on the distal side of the femur B and the proximal side of the tibia A shown in FIG. 4 (a view of a longitudinal section along the body side of the right leg seen from the rear side). Larger or smaller excision of the joint site should be performed to prevent tumor metastasis to other sites. At this time, consideration should be given to leaving the bones of the patient as residual bones as much as possible. Although the degree depends on the degree of disease and the patient's condition, the anterior cruciate ligament 6a (back side of the paper), the posterior cruciate ligament 6b (paper surface) (Front side), the medial collateral ligament 5a, the lateral collateral ligament 5b, etc. are all removed, so that the motor function and the fixing function of the knee joint are lost.
【０００３】図５及び図６は人工膝関節の例を示すもの
であり、図５は大腿骨遠位切除の場合に用いるもので、
大腿骨側の人工関節部材２は関節係合部21、補綴部22及
びステム部23が一体形成され、該ステム部23は残存大腿
骨Ｂの骨髄内に挿入されると共に、補綴部22は切除され
た骨部分を長さ方向に補う。また上記係合部21は脛骨側
の人工関節部材１の関節係合部11と屈伸自在となる様に
接続される。他方図６は脛骨近位切除の場合に使用する
人工膝関節であり、脛骨側の人工関節部材１は関節係合
部11，補綴部12及びステム部13を一体形成してなり、ス
テム部13が残存脛骨Ａの骨髄内に挿入されて該部材１を
固定する。5 and 6 show an example of an artificial knee joint, and FIG. 5 is used in the case of distal femoral resection,
The artificial joint member 2 on the femur side is integrally formed with a joint engaging portion 21, a prosthetic portion 22 and a stem portion 23. The stem portion 23 is inserted into the bone marrow of the remaining femur B and the prosthetic portion 22 is cut off. The bone part which was made up is supplemented in the length direction. Further, the engaging portion 21 is flexibly connected to the joint engaging portion 11 of the artificial joint member 1 on the tibia side. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows an artificial knee joint used in the case of proximal tibial resection, in which the artificial joint member 1 on the tibial side is integrally formed with a joint engaging portion 11, a prosthetic portion 12 and a stem portion 13, and a stem portion 13 Are inserted into the bone marrow of the remaining tibia A to fix the member 1.
【０００４】図７は股関節用の大腿骨側人工関節部材３
を示す説明図であり、該部材３は関節係合部31，補綴部
32及びステム部33を一体形成してなり、ステム部33を残
存大腿骨Ｂの骨髄内に挿入し、切除された骨の長さに合
わせて補綴部32の長さを変更することにより、切除され
た大腿骨の長さを確保する。FIG. 7 shows a femoral side artificial joint member 3 for a hip joint.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the member 3, in which the joint engaging portion 31 and the prosthetic portion are
32 and the stem portion 33 are integrally formed, the stem portion 33 is inserted into the bone marrow of the remaining femur B, and the length of the prosthesis portion 32 is changed according to the length of the excised bone. Secure the length of the femur.
【０００５】ところで上記人工関節部材１，２，３は耐
腐食性の高いステンレス鋼やコバルト合金等の金属材料
によって一体形成されたものが多く、大きな重量の為患
者の歩行機能を低下するという問題があった。また残存
骨とこれら部材の剛性が著しく異なっており（例えば、
骨のヤング率が16 GPaであるのに対してステンレス鋼の
ヤング率は300 GPa である）、この相違に起因して人工
関節と残存骨の適合性が悪く、残存骨の破壊を引き起こ
すことが多かった。Many of the artificial joint members 1, 2 and 3 are integrally formed of a metal material such as stainless steel or cobalt alloy having a high corrosion resistance, and the weight of the artificial joint members deteriorates the walking function of the patient. was there. In addition, the rigidity of the remaining bone and these members are significantly different (for example,
The Young's modulus of bone is 16 GPa, whereas the Young's modulus of stainless steel is 300 GPa). Due to this difference, the compatibility of the artificial joint and the residual bone is poor, which may cause destruction of the residual bone. There were many.
【０００６】他方上記人工関節部材１，２，３における
補綴部の長さや形状は、患者毎に異なっており、患者の
手術方針が決定した後、人工関節の製作が完了する迄に
長い期間を要し、その間は手術待ちとなって病状の進行
に対応できないこともあった。On the other hand, the length and shape of the prosthesis in the artificial joint members 1, 2 and 3 differ from patient to patient, and it takes a long period of time until the manufacture of the artificial joint is completed after the surgical policy of the patient is determined. In other words, during that time, there was a case where the patient was waiting for surgery and could not cope with the progress of the medical condition.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで本発明の目的
は、患者毎に異なるサイズに合わせて短期間で製作で
き、しかも残存骨との適合性が高く、骨の破壊を誘発す
る様なことのない人工関節を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to make it possible to produce different sizes for each patient in a short period of time, and to have high compatibility with residual bone, and to induce bone destruction. To provide no artificial joints.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成し得た本
発明では、補綴部が芯部と鞘部からなり、該芯部は上記
係合部とステム部の間に一体的に形成されると共に、前
記鞘部は前記芯部よりも軽量且つヤング率の小さい素材
によって前記芯部と独立して別体に形成されてなること
を要旨とするものである。According to the present invention which has achieved the above object, the prosthetic part comprises a core part and a sheath part, and the core part is integrally formed between the engaging part and the stem part. In addition, the gist of the invention is that the sheath portion is formed separately from the core portion by a material that is lighter in weight and has a smaller Young's modulus than the core portion.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用及び実施例】図１は人工膝関節の一部として用い
られる図５に対応する人工関節部材２を示す説明図であ
る。ステム部23と関節係合部21の間に形成される補綴部
は芯部22ｂと鞘部22ａからなり、芯部22ｂは金属製で上
記ステム部23及び係合部21と一体的に形成されてなり、
鞘部22ａは貫通孔22ａ1 を穿設した筒状に形成され、前
記芯部22ｂに嵌装される。なお該貫通孔22ａ1 は断面を
角形にしたり或はキー溝を付すことにより、回り止めの
できる構造とすることが推奨される。FUNCTION AND EXAMPLE FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an artificial joint member 2 corresponding to FIG. 5 used as a part of an artificial knee joint. The prosthetic part formed between the stem part 23 and the joint engaging part 21 comprises a core part 22b and a sheath part 22a. The core part 22b is made of metal and is integrally formed with the stem part 23 and the engaging part 21. Tena,
Sheath 22a is formed in a cylindrical shape bored through holes 22a 1, it is fitted into the core 22b. It is recommended that the through hole 22a 1 has a square cross section or has a key groove so as to prevent rotation.
【００１０】前記鞘部22ａは高密度ポリエチレン樹脂や
ポリカーボネート樹脂等の高分子材料、純チタンやチタ
ン合金等の軽量金属材料、又はゴム系材料等によって形
成され、芯部（一般にステンレス鋼やコバルト合金等の
金属材料で形成されることが多い）よりも軽量で且つヤ
ング率の小さいものによって形成される。これによって
人工関節部材は従来品よりも軽く且つヤング率を残存骨
に近似したものとすることができ、歩行障害や骨の破壊
を招くことがなくなった。また予め芯部22ｂを備えた人
工関節部材を形成しておき、患者の骨切除状態に合わせ
てそのサイズ及び形状の鞘部22ａを製造する様にすれば
短期間で人工関節部材を完成できる。なおこのとき鞘部
22ａとしてはサイズの大きいものを予め成形しておき、
これを切削加工して骨切除状態に合わせることが好まし
い。The sheath portion 22a is formed of a polymer material such as high-density polyethylene resin or polycarbonate resin, a lightweight metal material such as pure titanium or titanium alloy, or a rubber material, and a core portion (generally stainless steel or cobalt alloy). (Often formed of a metal material such as), and has a smaller Young's modulus. As a result, the artificial joint member can be made lighter than the conventional product and has Young's modulus close to that of the residual bone, so that walking disorder and bone destruction are prevented. Further, if the artificial joint member having the core portion 22b is formed in advance and the sheath portion 22a having the size and shape is manufactured according to the bone resection state of the patient, the artificial joint member can be completed in a short period of time. At this time, the sheath
As 22a, a large size is preformed,
It is preferable to cut this to match the bone resection state.
【００１１】図２は図６に対応する人工関節部１を示す
説明図であり、補綴部12は芯部12ｂと鞘部12ａからな
り、鞘部12ａは関節係合部11と残存脛骨Ａの間で適正な
任意長さに製作されて、芯部12ｂに嵌装される。また図
３は図７に対応する人工関節部材３を示す説明図であ
り、股関節を補綴するためのものであっても、図１又は
図２の部材と同様の構成とすることができる。従ってそ
の他の人工関節や人工骨についても、芯部と鞘部により
補綴部を形成することができる。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the artificial joint part 1 corresponding to FIG. 6, in which the prosthetic part 12 is composed of a core part 12b and a sheath part 12a, and the sheath part 12a of the joint engaging part 11 and the remaining tibia A. It is manufactured to have an appropriate arbitrary length in between and fitted to the core portion 12b. Further, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the artificial joint member 3 corresponding to FIG. 7, and even for the purpose of prosthesis of the hip joint, the same structure as the member of FIG. 1 or 2 can be used. Therefore, for other artificial joints and artificial bones, the prosthetic part can be formed by the core part and the sheath part.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上の様に構成されているの
で、軽量化できると共に、補綴部の機械的強度を残存骨
に近似したものとすることができ、歩行障害や残存骨の
破壊を引き起こすのを低減できることとなった。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the weight can be reduced, and the mechanical strength of the prosthesis can be made to be close to that of the residual bone. It is possible to reduce the cause.
【００１３】また骨切除状態に合わせて鞘部を簡単に作
ることができるので人工関節が短期間に製作できる様に
なる。Further, since the sheath can be easily made in accordance with the bone resection state, the artificial joint can be produced in a short period of time.
【図１】本発明の代表的な実施例を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の他の実施例を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の他の実施例を示す説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】膝関節を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a knee joint.
【図５】従来の人工膝関節の例を示す説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional artificial knee joint.
【図６】従来の人工膝関節の例を示す説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional artificial knee joint.
【図７】従来の人工股関節の例を示す説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional artificial hip joint.
11,21,31 関節係合部 12,22,32 補綴部 13,23,33 ステム部 11,21,31 Joint engagement part 12,22,32 Prosthetic part 13,23,33 Stem part
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成４年５月６日[Submission date] May 6, 1992
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１０[Correction target item name] 0010
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【００１０】 前記鞘部22ａは高密度ポリエチレン樹脂
やポリカーボネート樹脂等の高分子材料、純チタンやチ
タン合金等の軽量金属材料、ゴム系材料又はアパタイ
ト、ＡＷガラスセラミックス等の生体活性セラミック
ス、或は自家骨、焼成骨等の生体骨などによって形成さ
れ、芯部（一般にステンレス鋼やコバルト合金等の金属
材料で形成されることが多い）よりも軽量で且つヤング
率の小さいものによって形成される。これによって人工
関節部材は従来品よりも軽く且つヤング率を残存骨に近
似したものとすることができ、歩行障害や骨の破壊を招
くことがなくなった。また予め芯部22ｂを備えた人工関
節部材を形成しておき、患者の骨切除状態に合わせてそ
のサイズ及び形状の鞘部22ａを製造する様にすれば短期
間で人工関節部材を完成できる。なおこのとき鞘部22ａ
としてはサイズの大きいものを予め成形しておき、これ
を切削加工して骨切除状態に合わせることが好ましい。The sheath portion 22a is made of a polymer material such as a high-density polyethylene resin or a polycarbonate resin, a lightweight metal material such as pure titanium or a titanium alloy, a rubber material or apatite, a bioactive ceramic such as an AW glass ceramic, or a self-made material. It is formed of living bone such as bone or calcined bone, and is formed of a material that is lighter in weight and has a smaller Young's modulus than the core portion (generally formed of a metal material such as stainless steel or cobalt alloy). As a result, the artificial joint member can be made lighter than the conventional product and has Young's modulus close to that of the residual bone, so that walking disorder and bone destruction are prevented. Further, if the artificial joint member having the core portion 22b is formed in advance and the sheath portion 22a having the size and shape is manufactured according to the bone resection state of the patient, the artificial joint member can be completed in a short period of time. At this time, the sheath 22a
It is preferable that a large size be formed in advance, and this be cut and processed to be in a bone-removed state.
Claims (1)
骨々髄内に挿入されるステム部を備えてなる人工関節に
おいて、前記補綴部は芯部と鞘部からなり、該芯部は上
記係合部とステム部の間に一体的に形成されると共に、
前記鞘部は前記芯部よりも軽量且つヤング率の小さい素
材によって前記芯部と独立して別体に形成されてなるこ
とを特徴とする人工関節。1. An artificial joint comprising a joint engaging part, a prosthetic part of a resected bone, and a stem part to be inserted into the remaining bone marrow, wherein the prosthetic part comprises a core part and a sheath part. Is integrally formed between the engaging portion and the stem portion,
The artificial joint characterized in that the sheath portion is formed separately from the core portion by a material that is lighter in weight and smaller in Young's modulus than the core portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34216391A JPH05146462A (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | Artificial joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34216391A JPH05146462A (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | Artificial joint |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05146462A true JPH05146462A (en) | 1993-06-15 |
Family
ID=18351609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34216391A Pending JPH05146462A (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | Artificial joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05146462A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008100112A (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-05-01 | Senko Medical Instr Mfg Co Ltd | Medial/distal chip for artificial joint |
-
1991
- 1991-11-29 JP JP34216391A patent/JPH05146462A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008100112A (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-05-01 | Senko Medical Instr Mfg Co Ltd | Medial/distal chip for artificial joint |
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