JPH05143068A - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the automatic performance device which automatically plays the same music in either major key or minor key. CONSTITUTION:It is decided whether a minor switch 10 for specifying a minor key is pressed or nor (SA1) and when the minor switch 10 is turned ON, melody minor conversion (SA2) and code minor conversion (SA3) are performed. When the minor key 10 is not turned ON, it is decided whether or not a major switch 9 for specifying a major key is turned ON or not (SA4) and when the major switch 9 is turned ON, melody major conversion (SA5) and code major conversion (SA6) are performed and the process is returned. Therefore, when neither the major switch 9 nor the minor switch 01 is turned ON, the device is in ordinary automatic performance mode wherein no conversion is performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention converts major to minor,
Alternatively, the present invention relates to an automatic performance device capable of converting a minor key into a major key and automatically playing the key.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an automatic performance device, a ROM
The automatic performance data is stored in the storage means such as, for example, and the automatic performance data is composed of melody data forming a melody of a musical composition and chord data indicating chord forming sounds. The melody data is composed of a key number indicating the pitch of each note constituting the melody and tone length data indicating the tone length, and the chord data is constituted by the key number of the chord component tone and the tone length data. There is. Then, when the automatic performance is started by the switch operation, the melody data and the chord data are sequentially read out and subjected to sound generation processing, whereby the entire musical piece composed of the melody and the chord component sounds is automatically played.

It is also possible to transpose and transpose an automatically played musical piece. At the time of transposing and transposing, the key numbers of the melody data and the key numbers of the chord data are shifted by the same shift amount.
In other words, when the automatic performance is transposed to a higher key three times, the key number of each melody data and the key number of the chord data are shifted by three degrees, respectively, so that the key is three times higher than the original song. Automatic playing. Therefore, it is possible to enjoy the automatic performance in which the original music is transposed and transposed according to the shift amount with respect to the key number.

[0004]

However, when such transposition or transposition is performed, the key numbers of the melody data and the chord data are all shifted by the same shift amount. Therefore, although it is possible to transpose and transpose the original music, it is not possible to convert a major into a minor or a minor into a major. That is, the difference between the major and minor in the C major is that the E and A notes in the major are E ♭ and A ♭ in the minor, and other pitches are the same in the major and minor. Therefore, if all the key numbers are shifted as in the case of performing transposition or transposition in the conventional automatic musical instrument described above, it is not possible to perform conversion from major to minor and minor to major.
Therefore, in the conventional automatic performance device, it is not possible to automatically play a major song in a minor or a minor song in a major, and to play the same song in major and minor. It was not possible to appreciate the change in the musical composition.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic playing device capable of automatically playing the same musical composition in a major and a minor. is there.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, storage means for storing automatic performance data and key designation data indicating the key of a musical composition formed by the automatic performance data. Reading means for sequentially reading the automatic performance data stored in the storage means, key designating means for designating a major or minor key, and any key designated by the key designating means and stored in the storage means. Conversion means for converting the corresponding pitch of the automatic performance data read by the reading means into a pitch in a major or minor key designated by the key designating means, and the reading means. There is provided a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone based on the read automatic performance data and the automatic performance data whose pitch is converted by the converting means.

Further, when the automatic performance data is melody data forming a melody of a musical composition, the converting means sets a pitch corresponding to the melody data in a major or minor pitch designated by the key designating means. Converted to
When the automatic performance data is chord data indicating chord constituent notes of a musical composition by chord type, the converting means converts the chord type into a chord type in a major or minor key designated by the key designating means. It is configured.

[0008]

In the above configuration, if the key designation data is in C major and the minor is designated by the key designating unit, the reading unit reads the key based on the C major and the designated minor. The corresponding pitch of the generated automatic performance data is converted into the pitch at the specified key. Here, for example, in the case of C key, the difference between the major and minor keys is that the E and A notes in the major key become E ♭ and A ♭ notes in the minor in one octave from the C note to the B note. The pitch is the same. Therefore, from the storage means E and A
When the automatic performance data of the pitch is read out, the automatic performance data is converted into the automatic performance data of E ♭ and A ♭, and the converted automatic performance data and the storage means are read out. A musical tone is generated based on the automatic performance data. That is, when the automatic performance data is melody data, only E and A sounds in the melody data are converted into E ♭ and A ♭ sounds, and when converting from minor to E major, E ♭ and A. ♭ Only sound is converted to E sound and A sound.

Further, in the case where the automatic performance data is chord data indicating a chord type, and when converting from C major to C major, C is Cm and C ₇ is Cm.
₇ , Dm is converted to Dm ^-5 , F is converted to Fm, and when converting from minor to major, the reverse conversion is performed.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 shows an overall circuit configuration of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument,
CPU1 is a program and RAM stored in ROM2
Based on the data temporarily stored in 3 and the like, all the controls required in this electronic keyboard instrument are executed. ROM2
In addition to the program, the automatic performance data 20 shown in FIG. The automatic performance data 20
Is composed of the address of each piece of music data stored in the header 21 and the music data for 9 music pieces of music data 1 to music data 9. Each piece of music data is composed of key specification data 22 indicating the key of the music, melody data 23, and chord data 24. The key specification data is K ₁ and K _2.
It consists of and. Values corresponding to C to B are stored in K _1, and “0” is set as Major in K ₂ and “1” is stored.
Is set as Minor, and any value of “1” or “0” is stored. Therefore, when K ₁ and K ₂ are “0,0”, they are C major, and when K ₂ and K ₂ are “2,1”, they are D minor.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the melody data 23 is composed of Key, Gate, Rest data of one event corresponding to one note. The Key stores data indicating pitches such as C4, D5 ..., and the Gate stores the duration of the Key sound, that is, the length of the 64th note as "1". Therefore, In the case of a quarter note, 16 is stored, and in Rest, time data indicating a blank time until the next note is stored. Therefore, when the automatic performance shown in FIG. 3A is executed, the melody shown by the score in FIG. 3B is generated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, the code data 24 is Chord data of one event.
It is composed of d and Gate. The Chord is composed of K ₁ and K ₂ like the key designation data 22, K ₁ stores the values corresponding to C to B, and K ₂ is stored in K ₂ as shown in FIG. any value up O~7 corresponding to m7 ^-5 is stored from Major. Therefore, when K ₁ and K ₂ are “0,0”, it is CMajar, and when K ₁ and K ₂ are “2,7”, it is Dm7 ⁻⁵ . Also, Ga
In te, the duration of the Chord note, that is, the note length, is stored as a value with the 64th note length set to “1”, as described above. Therefore, the value of “64” shown in the figure is 4 quarter note lengths. The length of a minute, which corresponds to one bar in the 4/4 time signature. Therefore, when the automatic performance shown in FIG. 4A is executed, the chord sound shown by the score of FIG. 4C is generated.

Further, operation information is given to the CPU 1 from the switch group 4 and the keyboard section 5, and the switch group 4 is provided with a power arranged in the musical instrument body 6 as shown in FIG. Switch 7, 1 in the automatic performance data 20
To a song selection switch 8 that is operated when selecting any of the songs up to 9, a major switch 9 and a minor switch 10 for selectively setting the major and minor keys, and for starting and stopping the automatic performance A start / stop switch 11 is provided.

When the automatic performance is started in response to the ON operation of the start / stop switch 11, the CPU 1 instructs the tone generator section 12 to generate a tone signal, and the tone generator section 12 follows the instruction. To generate. The tone signal is D /
It is given to the amplifier 14 through the A converter 13, and is emitted to the outside from the speaker 15.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 6 is a main routine of the present embodiment, which is started when the power switch 7 is turned on. First, it is determined whether or not the minor switch 10 is turned on (SA1), and the minor switch 10 is turned on. If so, the melody minor conversion (SA2) and the chord minor conversion (SA3) are executed. When the minor switch 10 is not turned on, it is determined whether or not the major switch 9 is turned on (SA4). When the major switch 9 is turned on, the melody major conversion (SA5) and chord major are performed. Conversion (SA6) is performed and the process returns. Therefore, when neither the major switch 9 nor the minor switch 10 is turned on, the normal automatic performance mode without the above conversions is set.

FIG. 7A is a flow chart showing the details of the melody minor conversion (SA2). After the music selection switch 8 is operated to select one of the music pieces 1 to 9, the start / start is started. This is executed on condition that the stop switch 11 is turned on and the automatic performance is started. First,
The key specification data 22 stored in the header 21 of the automatic performance data 20 is read (SB1), and then one event of melody data is read (SB2). As a result, Key, Gate, and R for one event shown in FIG.
est is read from the ROM 2, and then it is determined whether the read Key is III or VI (SB
3). Here, as shown in the major scale of FIG. 11, III and VI are values indicating the E sound and the A sound in the C major where K ₁ = C of the key designation data.

Therefore, the sound E and the sound A of the melody data and the pitches other than this are distinguished by the discrimination of SB3. If the pitch of the melody data is either E or A according to the determination in SB3, the Key is flattened (♭) (SB4), and the sound generation process (SB) is performed.
After performing 5), move to the next event (SB6), S
The processing from B2 to SB6 is repeated. Therefore, in the melody data in the automatic performance data 20, the same figure (b)
As shown in, only the E and A sounds are converted into E ♭ and A ♭ sounds, while the other pitches are emitted from the speaker 15 at the pitch and the speaker 15 outputs A melody converted from major to minor is emitted.

FIG. 8A is a flow chart showing the details of the code minor conversion (SA3). First, the code data is read by one event (SC1). As a result, the chord for one event shown in FIG. Gate
Is read from the ROM 2. Next, this read C
It is determined whether or not the hold is any one of I, I ₇ , IIm, and IV (SC2). Where I, I ₇ , IIm, IV
As shown in the diatonic code of FIG. 12, in the C major of K1 = C of the key designation data, C,
C _7, Dm, a respective code F, therefore, SC2
The code of C, C ₇ , Dm, and F of the code data and the code other than this are identified by the determination of. And S
According to the determination of C3, if the code data is any of C, C ₇ , Dm, and F, the corresponding code is Im, Im.
₇ , IIm ₇ ^-5 , IVm (SC3). Here, as shown in FIG. 12, Im is Cm, Im ₇ is Cm ₇ , and IIm ₇ ^-5 is D.
Since m ⁻⁵ and IVm are Fm, as shown in FIG. 8B, C is Cm, C ₇ is Cm ₇ , and Dm is Dm ⁻⁵ , F.
Are each converted to Fm.

Further, after performing the sounding process (SC4) of the accompaniment part constituted by this code data, the process moves to the next event (SC5) and the processes of SC1 to SC5 are repeated. Therefore, in the chord data in the automatic performance data 20, C, C ₇ , Dm, and F are Cm, Cm ₇ , and D, respectively.
While each code is converted into m ^-5 and Fm, the other codes are emitted as they are from the speaker 15 and the speaker 15 emits the code converted from the major key to the minor key.

FIG. 9A is a flow chart showing the details of the melody major conversion (SA5).
The key designation data 22 stored in the header 21 of the automatic performance data 20 is read (SD1), and subsequently one event of melody data is read (SD2). As a result, Key, Gate, and R for one event shown in FIG.
est is read from ROM2 and Key is III ♭ or V
It is determined whether or not I ♭ (SD3). Where III
♭ and VI ♭ show E ♭ and A ♭ as shown in the minor scale of FIG.

Therefore, the E ♭ and A ♭ tones of the melody data are distinguished from the other pitches by the determination of SD3. According to the determination of SD3, if the pitch of the melody data is either E ♭ note or A ♭ note, K
Shift the ey number by +1 (SD4). Furthermore, after performing the sound generation processing (SD5), the process proceeds to the next event (SD6) and the processing of SD2 to SD6 is repeated. Therefore, in the melody data in the automatic performance data 20, only the E ♭ and A ♭ sounds are converted into E and A sounds as shown in FIG. At the pitch, the speaker 15 emits a sound, and the speaker 15 emits the melody converted from the minor to the major.

FIG. 10A is a flow chart showing the details of the chord major conversion (SA6). First, the chord data is read by one event (SE1). As a result, the chord for one event shown in FIG. Gate
Is read from the ROM 2. Next, this read C
hord is Im, Im _7, IIm ^-5, determines whether whether either IVm (SE2). Where Im and I
m ₇ , IIm ^-5 , and IVm are Cm,
These are the minor codes of Cm ₇ , Dm ^-5 , and Fm. Therefore, the codes of Cm, Cm ₇ , Dm ^-5 , and Fm and the codes other than these are identified from all the code data by the determination of SE2. Then, if the code data is any of Cm, Cm ₇ , Dm ^-5 and Fm from the determination of SE3, the corresponding code is set to I, I ₇ , IIm and IV (SE3). Here, as shown in FIG. 12, I is C, I
_{Since 7} is C ₇ , IIm is Dm, and IV is F, FIG.
As shown in (b), Cm is C, Cm ₇ is C ₇ , Dm.
^-5 is converted to Dm and Fm is converted to F.

Further, after performing the sounding process (SE4) of the accompaniment part constituted by this code data, the process moves to the next event (SE5) and the processes of SE1 to SE5 are repeated. Therefore, in the chord data in the automatic performance data 20, Cm, Cm ₇ , Dm ^-5 and Fm are C,
While being converted into C ₇ , Dm, and F respectively, the other codes are output as they are from the speaker 15 with the constituent sound,
From the speaker 15, the chord converted from the major key to the minor key is emitted.

Although the flow charts of FIGS. 7 to 10 show the case where K _{1 of the} designated key data is C, when the designated key data is another key, it is once changed to C key. After conversion, by processing according to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, it is possible to convert music of any key from major to minor and minor to major.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a major key or a minor key is designated, based on one of the designated keys and the key designation data stored in advance,
The corresponding pitch of the automatic performance data is converted into the pitch in the designated major or minor key. Therefore,
It is possible to automatically play a major song in a minor or a minor song in a major, and it is possible to appreciate a change in musical idea by playing the same song in major and minor.

Further, even when the automatic performance data is melody data forming a melody of a musical composition, or is chord data indicating chord constituent notes of a musical composition by a chord type, each pitch or chord constituent note is Since the pitch is converted, even if the automatic performance data consists only of melody data, or even if it consists only of chord data such as automatic accompaniment, the automatic performance and automatic It becomes possible to perform accompaniment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing contents of automatic performance data stored in a ROM in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram showing the content of melody data in the automatic performance data of the embodiment, and FIG. 3B is a score showing a melody played by this melody data.

4A is an explanatory view showing the contents of chord data in the automatic performance data of the embodiment, FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the value of K ₂ and chord types, and FIG. 4C is this chord data. It is a score showing an accompaniment played by.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the musical instrument body of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the same embodiment.

7A is a flowchart showing in detail the contents of SA2 in the flowchart shown in FIG.
(B) is an explanatory view showing the pitch converted by SB3 and SB4 of this flowchart.

8A is a flowchart showing in detail the contents of SA3 in the flowchart shown in FIG.
(B) is an explanatory view showing the pitch converted by SC2 and SC3 of this flowchart.

9A is a flowchart showing in detail the contents of SA5 in the flowchart shown in FIG.
(B) is an explanatory view showing the pitch converted by SD3 and SD4 of this flowchart.

10 (a) is a flowchart showing in detail the contents of SA6 in the flowchart shown in FIG.
(B) is an explanatory view showing the pitch converted by SE2 and SE3 of this flowchart.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a pitch relationship between a major and a minor in the C key.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between chord constituent tones in C major and minor key.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 RAM 4 switch section 9 major switch 10 minor switch 20 automatic performance data 21 header 22 key specification data 23 melody data 24 code data

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Storage means for storing automatic performance data and key designation data indicating a key of a musical composition formed by the automatic performance data, and reading means for sequentially reading out the automatic performance data stored in the storage means. And a key designating means for designating a major key or a minor key, and an automatic performance read by the reading means on the basis of any key designated by the key designating means and key designating data stored in the storage means. Conversion means for converting the corresponding pitch of the data into the pitch in the major or minor key designated by the key designating means; the automatic performance data read by the reading means and the pitch by the converting means An automatic performance device comprising: a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound based on automatic performance data. 2. The automatic performance data is melody data forming a melody of a musical composition, and the converting means converts a corresponding pitch of the melody data into a pitch in a major or minor key designated by the key designating means. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The automatic performance data is code data indicating chord constituent notes of a musical composition by a chord type, and the converting means converts the chord type into a chord type in a major or minor key designated by the key designating means. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein