JPH05141244A - Direct injection diesel engine - Google Patents
Direct injection diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05141244A JPH05141244A JP3328365A JP32836591A JPH05141244A JP H05141244 A JPH05141244 A JP H05141244A JP 3328365 A JP3328365 A JP 3328365A JP 32836591 A JP32836591 A JP 32836591A JP H05141244 A JPH05141244 A JP H05141244A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- air
- dead center
- top dead
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/063—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion the combustion space in the piston interacting fluid dynamically with the cylinder head, the injector body or the cylinder wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は直接噴射式デイ−ゼル
エンジンにおいて、燃料噴霧と空気との混合促進を図る
構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for promoting mixing of fuel spray and air in a direct injection type diesel engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】デイ−ゼルエンジンの排ガス（ＮＯｘ）
改善のためのタイミングリタ−ドに伴い、ピストンの上
死点直後での燃費、煙を低減させるべく、燃焼改良は益
々重要な課題となつている。Exhaust gas (NOx) from diesel engines
With the timing retard for improvement, combustion improvement is becoming an increasingly important issue in order to reduce fuel consumption and smoke immediately after the top dead center of the piston.
【０００３】この点に関して、従来、燃料と空気との混
合を促進させるため、燃料に関しては、高圧噴射による
微粒化、空気については、吸気ポ−トによる乱れの生
成、ピストン・キヤビテイ縁でのスキツシユ効果などが
種々試みられて来たが、それらの方策もすでに限界に達
しているのが現状である。In this regard, conventionally, in order to promote the mixing of the fuel and air, the fuel is atomized by high-pressure injection, the air is turbulent due to the intake port, and the piston / cavity edge is crushed. Although various effects have been tried, the current situation is that those measures have already reached their limits.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この発明は従来とは全
く異なつた視点に立ち、シリンダヘツド側に工夫を施こ
して燃料と空気との混合を促進させようとするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention intends to promote mixing of fuel and air by devising a cylinder head side from a viewpoint completely different from the conventional one.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわちこの発明は、シ
リンダ・ヘツドの下面に開口する噴口を有する燃料噴射
ノズルを囲繞し、かつ吸排気バルブを避けた位置に、前
記燃料噴射ノズルの噴口からの燃料噴霧に対して各々交
叉する方向に開口を有する空気閉じ込み用凹所を形成
し、これら凹所を前記開口にスロ−ト部を形成しかつ内
部に拡開空間を有する壷状に構成し、もつてピストンの
上死点直前に空気を前記凹所の拡開空間内に圧縮流入さ
せ、ピストンの上死点直後に前記凹所から空気を噴出さ
せて、前記燃料噴霧に衝突させるようにしたことを特徴
とする、直接噴射させることを特徴とする、直接噴射式
デイ−ゼルエンジンを提案するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION That is, according to the present invention, a fuel injection nozzle having an injection port that opens to the lower surface of a cylinder head is surrounded, and a position from the injection port of the fuel injection nozzle is provided at a position avoiding an intake / exhaust valve. Air confinement recesses are formed having openings in directions intersecting with the fuel spray, and these recesses are formed in a jar shape having a slot portion formed in the openings and having an expansion space inside. , So that the air is compressed and flown into the expansion space of the recess just before the top dead center of the piston, and the air is ejected from the recess immediately after the top dead center of the piston to collide with the fuel spray. The present invention proposes a direct-injection diesel engine characterized by direct injection.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】上記構成からなるこの発明の直接噴射式デイ−
ゼルエンジンにおいて、ピストンの上死点直前におい
て、前記凹所のスロ−ト部から拡開空間に音速に近い速
度で圧縮流入された空気は、ピストンの上死点直後はピ
ストン上面が負圧になるため、前記拡開空間からスロ−
ト部を通つて勢いよく噴出し、この噴出された空気は、
燃料噴射ポンプの各噴口から噴出された燃料噴霧に衝突
し、このようにして分裂又は微粒化された燃料と充分に
混合され、燃焼が改善されるのである。The direct injection type day wheel of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure.
In the Zel engine, immediately before the top dead center of the piston, the air compressed and flown into the expansion space from the slot portion of the recess at a speed close to the sonic velocity causes negative pressure on the top surface of the piston immediately after the top dead center of the piston. Therefore, it is possible to slide from the expanded space.
It spouts vigorously through the toe, and this spouted air is
The fuel spray ejected from each of the nozzles of the fuel injection pump collides with the fuel spray, and thus is sufficiently mixed with the fragmented or atomized fuel to improve combustion.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】次にこの発明を添付図面にしたがつて、詳細
に説明する。先ず図１において、１はシリンダ・ヘツド
であつて、このシリンダ・ヘツド１には、燃料噴射ノズ
ル２が内装されていて、その噴口３は、シリンダ・ヘツ
ド１の下面に開口するものであるが、この発明では、前
記燃料噴射ノズル２を囲繞し、かつ図３に示すように吸
排気バルブ４の配設場所を避けた位置に、空気閉じ込み
用凹所５を形成すべき部材６を例えば鋳ぐるみによつて
埋設するものである。The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder head, and a fuel injection nozzle 2 is internally provided in the cylinder head 1, and an injection port 3 thereof is opened on the lower surface of the cylinder head 1. In the present invention, the member 6 that surrounds the fuel injection nozzle 2 and has the air trapping recess 5 formed at a position avoiding the location of the intake / exhaust valve 4 as shown in FIG. It is buried by a cast doll.
【０００８】前記部材６は、前記燃料噴射ノズル２の噴
口３の数に対応し、かつこれら噴口３からの燃料噴霧に
対して各々交叉する方向に開口７を有するものとし、こ
れら開口７を挟窄してスロ−ト部８を形成すると共に、
内部を拡開空間９を有する壷状に構成するのである。The member 6 has openings 7 corresponding to the number of the injection holes 3 of the fuel injection nozzle 2 and intersecting with the fuel spray from the injection holes 3 respectively. While narrowing to form the slot portion 8,
The inside is formed into a jar shape having the expansion space 9.
【０００９】前記シリンダ・ヘツド１を冠設したシリン
ダ１０には、シリンダ・ライナ１１が嵌装されており、
このシリンダ・ライナ１１に摺接するピストン・リング
１２を介して、ピストン１３が前記シリンダ１０内を往
復動することは、通常のこの種エンジンにおけると異な
らず、また前記ピストン１３の頂面１４に開口するよう
にした、基本的にリエントラント型であるピストン・キ
ヤビテイ１５に、前記燃料噴射ノズル２が対設される。A cylinder liner 11 is fitted on a cylinder 10 having the cylinder head 1 installed thereon.
The piston 13 reciprocates in the cylinder 10 through the piston ring 12 which is in sliding contact with the cylinder liner 11, which is the same as in a normal engine of this type, and the piston 13 has an opening on the top surface 14. The fuel injection nozzle 2 is opposed to the piston cavity 15 which is basically a reentrant type.
【００１０】上記構成において、先ずピストン１３の上
死点直前の状態を示す図１について説明すると、ピスト
ン１３によつて圧縮された空気は、前記スロ−ト部８を
介して凹所５を形成する部材６の拡開空間９内に圧縮流
入される。Referring to FIG. 1 showing the state immediately before the top dead center of the piston 13 in the above structure, the air compressed by the piston 13 forms the recess 5 through the slot portion 8. It is compressed and flowed into the expansion space 9 of the member 6.
【００１１】次いで、ピストン１３が上死点直後の状態
にある図２において、シリンダヘッド１の下面は圧力が
低下するため、前記拡開空間９内の圧縮空気は噴出さ
れ、この噴出された空気は、前記噴口３からの燃料噴霧
１６に対して衝突し、この燃料噴霧１６を分裂又は微粒
化することにより、燃料と空気との混合を促進し、燃焼
改善を果たすのである。Next, in FIG. 2 in which the piston 13 is in a state immediately after top dead center, the pressure on the lower surface of the cylinder head 1 drops, so that the compressed air in the expansion space 9 is jetted out, and the jetted air is blown out. Collides with the fuel spray 16 from the injection port 3 and divides or atomizes the fuel spray 16 to promote mixing of the fuel and air, thereby improving combustion.
【００１２】なお上記実施例においては、凹所５を部材
６の鋳ぐるみによつて形成したが、これはシリンダ・ヘ
ツド１の下面に鋳込んで形成することも可能である。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the recess 5 is formed by casting the member 6, but it may be formed by casting it on the lower surface of the cylinder head 1.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】この発明の上記構成において、シリンダ
・ヘツドの下面に開口するオリフイスと拡開空間を備え
る例えば壷状の部材による凹所の存在により、デイ−ゼ
ルエンジンの排ガス（ＮＯｘ）改善に伴う、タイミング
・リタ−ドに対処して、ピストンの上死点直後における
燃料と空気との混合が促進され、これにより、燃料改善
が図れるものである。In the above structure of the present invention, the presence of the recess formed by, for example, a pot-shaped member having the orifice and the expansion space opened on the lower surface of the cylinder head improves the exhaust gas (NOx) of the diesel engine. By coping with the accompanying timing retard, the mixing of the fuel and air immediately after the top dead center of the piston is promoted, thereby improving the fuel.
【図１】この発明に係る直接噴射式デイ−ゼルエンジン
の要部の断面図であつて、ピストンがその上死点に達す
る直前の状態を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a direct injection type diesel engine according to the present invention, showing a state immediately before a piston reaches its top dead center.
【図２】図１と同様な部分を示す断面図であつて、ピス
トンがその上死点を過ぎた直後の状態を示す。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion similar to FIG. 1, showing a state immediately after the piston has passed its top dead center.
【図３】図２のＡ方向から見た図である。FIG. 3 is a view seen from the direction A in FIG.
【符号の説明】 １ シリンダ・ヘツド ２ 燃料噴射ノズル ３ 噴口 ４ 吸排気バルブ ５ 凹所 ７ スロ−ト部 ９ 拡開空間 １３ ピストン １６ 燃料噴霧[Explanation of symbols] 1 cylinder head 2 fuel injection nozzle 3 injection port 4 intake / exhaust valve 5 recess 7 slot 9 expansion space 13 piston 16 fuel spray
Claims (1)
を有する燃料噴射ノズルを囲繞し、かつ吸排気バルブを
避けた位置に、前記燃料噴射ノズルの噴口からの燃料噴
霧に対して各々交叉する方向に開口を有する空気閉じ込
み用凹所を形成し、これら凹所を前記開口にスロ−ト部
を形成しかつ内部に拡開空間を有する壷状に構成し、も
つてピストンの上死点直前に空気を前記凹所の拡開空間
内に圧縮流入させ、ピストンの上死点直後に前記凹所か
ら空気を噴出させて、前記燃料噴霧に衝突させるように
したことを特徴とする、直接噴射させることを特徴とす
る、直接噴射式デイ−ゼルエンジン。1. A direction that surrounds a fuel injection nozzle having an injection port that opens on the lower surface of a cylinder head and that intersects with fuel spray from the injection port of the fuel injection nozzle at a position avoiding an intake / exhaust valve. Forming recesses for air confinement having openings in them, and forming these recesses in a jar shape having a slot portion in the openings and having an expanding space inside, and immediately before the top dead center of the piston. Directly injecting air into the expansion space of the recess, and ejecting the air from the recess immediately after the top dead center of the piston to collide with the fuel spray. Direct injection diesel engine, which is characterized by
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3328365A JPH05141244A (en) | 1991-11-18 | 1991-11-18 | Direct injection diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3328365A JPH05141244A (en) | 1991-11-18 | 1991-11-18 | Direct injection diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05141244A true JPH05141244A (en) | 1993-06-08 |
Family
ID=18209438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3328365A Pending JPH05141244A (en) | 1991-11-18 | 1991-11-18 | Direct injection diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05141244A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1573192A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-09-14 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Internal combustion engine having auto-ignition |
-
1991
- 1991-11-18 JP JP3328365A patent/JPH05141244A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1573192A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-09-14 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Internal combustion engine having auto-ignition |
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