JPH05140702A - Two layer valve seat made of ferrous sintered alloy for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Two layer valve seat made of ferrous sintered alloy for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05140702A JPH05140702A JP32713391A JP32713391A JPH05140702A JP H05140702 A JPH05140702 A JP H05140702A JP 32713391 A JP32713391 A JP 32713391A JP 32713391 A JP32713391 A JP 32713391A JP H05140702 A JPH05140702 A JP H05140702A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- layer
- sintered alloy
- valve seat
- based sintered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
- F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、すぐれた高温強度を
有し、かつ耐摩耗性にもすぐれた内燃機関の鉄系焼結合
金製２層バルブシートに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-layer valve seat made of a ferrous sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which has excellent high temperature strength and excellent wear resistance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、内燃機関のバルブシートとして、
特開平３−１５８４４５号公報に記載される通り、重量
％で（以下％は重量％を示す）、Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％，
Ｗ：２０〜３０％，Ｃｏ：２０〜３０％，Ｎｂ：０．２
〜２％、およびＣ：１〜３％を含有するＣｒ−Ｗ−Ｃｏ
系合金の耐摩耗性分散相：５〜１５％，Ｃｏ：５５〜６
５％，Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％、およびＭｏ：７〜１０％を
含有するＣｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ系合金の耐酸化性分散相：５
〜１５％、を含有し、残りが素地を形成するＦｅ基合金
と不可避不純物からなり、かつ前記Ｆｅ基合金が、バル
ブ当接層に占める割合で Ｃｒ：１〜３％， Ｍｏ：０．３〜３％， Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％， Ｃｏ：２〜８％， Ｃ：０．６〜１．５％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％， Ｍｎ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅからなる組成、並びに１０〜２０
容量％の空孔率を有する耐摩耗性のすぐれたＦｅ基焼結
合金が用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a valve seat for an internal combustion engine,
As described in JP-A-3-158445, by weight% (hereinafter,% means weight%), Cr: 25 to 45%,
W: 20-30%, Co: 20-30%, Nb: 0.2
~ 2%, and C: 1-3% Cr-W-Co
Wear resistance of alloys based on dispersed phase: 5-15%, Co: 55-6
5%, Cr: 25-32%, and Mo: 7-10% containing Co-Cr-Mo based alloys oxidation resistant dispersed phase: 5
.About.15%, the balance consisting of an Fe-based alloy forming a matrix and unavoidable impurities, and the Fe-based alloy occupying the valve contact layer in a proportion of Cr: 1-3%, Mo: 0.3. -3%, Ni: 0.5-3%, Co: 2-8%, C: 0.6-1.5%, Nb: 0.2-1%, Mn: 0.1-1%, Composition containing 10 and 20 with the balance being Fe
A Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of volume% and excellent wear resistance is used.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一方、近年の自動車は
じめ、各種駆動機関の高速化、高出力化、および軽量化
はめざましく、これに伴ない、これの構造部材であるバ
ルブシートの使用環境は一段と苛酷さを増し、特に内燃
機関内の燃焼ガスの高温化は著しく、かかる状況下で上
記の従来鉄系焼結合金製バルブシートは、すぐれた耐摩
耗性を示すものの、高温強度が十分でないために、軽量
化のための薄肉化および小型化をはかることができない
のが現状である。On the other hand, in recent years, such as automobiles and various drive engines have been remarkably increased in speed, output and weight, and accordingly, the operating environment of the valve seat, which is a structural member thereof, has been increased. It becomes even more severe, and the temperature of the combustion gas in the internal combustion engine is particularly high. Under such circumstances, the conventional iron-based sintered alloy valve seats described above show excellent wear resistance, but their high-temperature strength is not sufficient. For this reason, it is the current situation that it is not possible to reduce the thickness and the size for weight reduction.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者等は、
上述のような観点から、耐摩耗性および高温強度のすぐ
れた鉄系焼結合金製バルブシートを開発すべく、特に上
記の従来鉄系焼結合金製バルブシートに着目し、研究を
行なった結果、上記の従来鉄系焼結合金製バルブシート
を構成するＦｅ基焼結合金を耐摩耗性の要求されるバル
ブ当接層とし、これにバックアップ層として、 Ｃ：０．３〜１．２％， Ｃｒ：１．２〜３．５
％， Ｍｏ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに１０〜２０容量％の空孔率を有するＦｅ基焼結合金
を一体焼結結合すると、このバックアップ層はすぐれた
高温強度をもつことから、バルブシート自体が、すぐれ
た耐摩耗性と合せてすぐれた高温強度を具備するように
なるという研究結果を得たのである。Therefore, the present inventors have
From the above-mentioned viewpoints, as a result of conducting research in order to develop an iron-based sintered alloy valve seat having excellent wear resistance and high-temperature strength, particularly focusing on the above conventional iron-based sintered alloy valve seat. The Fe-based sintered alloy that constitutes the above-mentioned conventional iron-based sintered alloy valve seat is used as a valve contact layer requiring wear resistance, and as a backup layer, C: 0.3 to 1.2% , Cr: 1.2 to 3.5
%, Mo: 0.1 to 1%, and the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and a porosity of 10 to 20% by volume. Since the backup layer has excellent high-temperature strength, the research results show that the valve seat itself has excellent high-temperature strength combined with excellent wear resistance.
【０００５】したがって、この発明は、上記の研究結果
にもとづいてなされたものであって、 （ａ） Ｆｅ基焼結合金のバルブ当接層と、これと一体
焼結結合されたＦｅ基焼結合金のバックアップ層の２層
構造を有する内燃機関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシー
トにして、上記バルブ当接層を、 Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％，Ｗ：２０〜３０％，Ｃｏ：２０〜
３０％，Ｎｂ：０．２〜２％、およびＣ：１〜３％を含
有するＣｒ−Ｗ−Ｃｏ系合金の耐摩耗性分散相：５〜１
５％、 Ｃｏ：５５〜６５％，Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％、およびＭ
ｏ：７〜１０％を含有するＣｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ系合金の耐
酸化性分散相：５〜１５％、を含有し、残りが素地を形
成するＦｅ基合金と不可避不純物からなり、かつ前記Ｆ
ｅ基合金が、バルブ当接層に占める割合で、 Ｃｒ：１〜３％， Ｍｏ：０．３〜３％， Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％， Ｃｏ：２〜８％， Ｃ：０．６〜１．５％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％， Ｍｎ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅからなる組成、並びに１０〜２０
容量％の空孔率を有する耐摩耗性のすぐれたＦｅ基焼結
合金で構成し、上記バックアップ層を、 Ｃ：０．３〜１．２％， Ｃｒ：１．２〜３．５
％， Ｍｏ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに１０〜２０容量％の空孔率を有する高温強度のすぐ
れたＦｅ基焼結合金で構成してなる内燃機関の鉄系焼結
合金製２層バルブシート。 （ｂ） 上記（ａ）の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート
に、熱伝導性を向上させる目的で、全体に占める割合で
５〜２０％の純銅またはＣｕ合金を含浸してなる内燃機
関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート。 （ｃ） 上記（ａ）の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート
に、潤滑性を付与する目的で、全体に占める割合で５〜
２０％の純鉛またはＰｂ合金を溶浸してなる内燃機関の
鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート。に特徴を有するもの
である。Therefore, the present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned research results. (A) A valve contact layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy and an Fe-based sintering bond integrally sintered with the valve contact layer. A two-layer valve seat made of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine having a two-layer structure of a gold backup layer, and the valve contact layer is made of Cr: 25 to 45%, W: 20 to 30%, Co: 20. ~
Wear-resistant dispersed phase of Cr-W-Co based alloy containing 30%, Nb: 0.2-2%, and C: 1-3%: 5-1
5%, Co: 55-65%, Cr: 25-32%, and M
O: Oxidation resistance of Co—Cr—Mo alloy containing 7 to 10% Dispersed phase: 5 to 15%, the balance consisting of Fe-based alloy forming a matrix and inevitable impurities, and
The ratio of the e-based alloy in the valve contact layer is Cr: 1 to 3%, Mo: 0.3 to 3%, Ni: 0.5 to 3%, Co: 2 to 8%, C: 0. 6 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1%, Mn: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe, and 10 to 20
It is composed of a Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of volume% and excellent in wear resistance, and the backup layer is C: 0.3 to 1.2%, Cr: 1.2 to 3.5.
%, Mo: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and a high-temperature-strength Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of 10 to 20% by volume. A two-layer valve seat made of a ferrous sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine. (B) An internal combustion engine obtained by impregnating the iron-based sintered alloy two-layer valve seat of (a) above with pure copper or Cu alloy in an amount of 5 to 20% of the whole for the purpose of improving thermal conductivity. A two-layer valve seat made of a ferrous sintered alloy. (C) For the purpose of imparting lubricity to the iron-based sintered alloy two-layer valve seat of the above (a), the ratio is 5 to 5 in the whole.
A two-layer valve seat made of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which is obtained by infiltrating 20% of pure lead or Pb alloy. It is characterized by
【０００６】つぎに、この発明の鉄系焼結合金製２層バ
ルブシートにおいて、バルブ当接層およびバックアップ
層を構成するＦｅ基焼結合金の組成および空孔率を上記
の通りに限定した理由を説明する。Next, in the iron-based sintered alloy two-layer valve seat of the present invention, the reason why the composition and porosity of the Fe-based sintered alloy constituting the valve contact layer and the backup layer are limited as described above. Will be explained.
【０００７】Ａ．バルブ当接層の成分組成 （ａ） 耐摩耗性分散相の含有量 これの含有量が５％未満では所望のすぐれた耐摩耗性を
確保することができず、一方これの含有量が１５％を越
えると、相手部材であるバルブの損傷が急激に増すよう
になることから、これの含有量を５〜１５％と定めた。A. Component composition of valve contact layer (a) Content of wear-resistant dispersed phase If the content of this is less than 5%, desired excellent wear resistance cannot be ensured, while the content thereof is 15%. If it exceeds, the damage of the valve, which is the other member, will be rapidly increased. Therefore, the content of this is set to 5 to 15%.
【０００８】(i) 耐摩耗性分散相におけるＣｒ含有量 Ｃｒ成分には、分散相の素地に固溶して耐熱性を向上さ
せるほか、炭化物や金属間化合物を形成して耐摩耗性を
向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が２５％未満では
前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一方これの含有量が
４５％を越えると相手攻撃性が増すようになることか
ら、その含有量を２５〜４５％と定めた。(I) Cr content in wear-resistant dispersed phase The Cr component improves the heat resistance by forming a solid solution in the matrix of the dispersed phase, and also improves wear resistance by forming carbides and intermetallic compounds. However, if the content is less than 25%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, while if the content exceeds 45%, the aggression against the other party is increased. Was set to 25 to 45%.
【０００９】(ii) 同Ｗ含有量 Ｗ成分にもＣｒと同様炭化物や金属間化合物を形成し、
かつＣｒとの共存において耐摩耗性を向上させる作用が
あるが、その含有量が２０％未満では分散相に所望のす
ぐれた耐摩耗性を確保することができず、一方その含有
量が３０％を越えると、硬さの上昇を招き、相手攻撃性
が増加するようになることから、その含有量を２０〜３
０％と定めた。(Ii) The same W content. The W component also forms carbides and intermetallic compounds similar to Cr,
In addition, it has an effect of improving wear resistance in the coexistence with Cr, but if its content is less than 20%, desired excellent wear resistance in the dispersed phase cannot be secured, while its content is 30%. If it exceeds, the hardness will increase and the attacking power of the opponent will increase, so the content is set to 20 to 3
It was set to 0%.
【００１０】(iii) 同Ｃｏ含有量 Ｃｏ成分には、分散相の素地に固溶して、これの強度を
向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が２０％未満では
所望の強度向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が３０
％を越えてもより一層の強度向上効果は現われないこと
から、経済性も考慮して、その含有量を２０〜３０％と
定めた。(Iii) Same Co Content The Co component has the function of forming a solid solution in the matrix of the dispersed phase to improve the strength thereof, but if the content is less than 20%, the desired strength improving effect is obtained. Not obtained, while its content is 30
Even if the content exceeds%, the effect of further improving the strength does not appear, so the content was determined to be 20 to 30% in consideration of economic efficiency.
【００１１】(iv) 同Ｎｂ含有量 Ｎｂ成分にもＣｒやＷ成分と同様に炭化物を形成して耐
摩耗性を向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が０．２
％未満では所望の耐摩耗性向上効果が得られず、一方そ
の含有量が２％を越えてもより一層の耐摩耗性向上効果
が現われないことから、その含有量を０．２〜２％と定
めた。(Iv) Same Nb content The Nb component also has a function of forming carbides like Cr and W components to improve wear resistance, but its content is 0.2.
If the content is less than 0.2%, the desired effect of improving the wear resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 2%, the effect of further improving the wear resistance does not appear. I decided.
【００１２】(v) 同Ｃ含有量 Ｃ成分には、上記の通り炭化物を形成して耐摩耗性を向
上させると共に、分散相の素地に固溶し、特にＣｏとの
共存において強度を向上させる作用があるが、その含有
量が１％未満では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一
方その含有量が３％を越えると相手攻撃性が増すように
なることから、その含有量を１〜３％と定めた。(V) Same C content The C component improves the wear resistance by forming a carbide as described above, and also forms a solid solution in the matrix of the dispersed phase, and particularly improves the strength in the coexistence with Co. There is an action, but if the content is less than 1%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, and if the content exceeds 3%, the aggression against the other party is increased. It was set at ~ 3%.
【００１３】なお、上記耐摩耗性分散相は、 Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％， Ｗ：２０〜３０％， Ｃｏ：２０〜３０％， Ｃ：１〜３％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜２％， Ｓｉ：０．２〜２％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成をも
つのが望ましい。The above wear-resistant dispersed phase contains Cr: 25 to 45%, W: 20 to 30%, Co: 20 to 30%, C: 1 to 3%, Nb: 0.2 to 2%, It is desirable to have a composition containing Si: 0.2 to 2% and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
【００１４】（ｂ） 耐酸化性分散相の含有量 これの含有量が５％未満では、所望の耐酸化性を確保す
ることができず、この結果耐摩耗性分散相に酸化による
脱落が起るようになり、一方これの含有量が１５％を越
えると、バルブシートの強度が低下するようになること
から、その含有量を５〜１５％と定めた。(B) Content of Oxidation-Resistant Dispersed Phase If the content is less than 5%, the desired oxidation resistance cannot be ensured, and as a result, the abrasion-resistant dispersed phase may fall off due to oxidation. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 15%, the strength of the valve seat decreases, so the content was defined as 5 to 15%.
【００１５】(i) 耐酸化性分散相におけるＣｏ含有量 Ｃｏ成分には、分散相の素地を形成し、Ｃｒとの共存に
おいて耐酸化性を向上させる作用があるが、その含有量
が５５％未満では所望の耐酸化性を確保することができ
ず、一方その含有量が６５％を越えると相対的にＣｒ含
有量が減少するようになって耐酸化性が低下するように
なることから、その含有量を５５〜６５％と定めた。(I) Co Content in Oxidation-Resistant Dispersed Phase The Co component has a function of forming a base material of the dispersed phase and improving oxidation resistance in the coexistence with Cr, but its content is 55%. When the content is less than the above, the desired oxidation resistance cannot be ensured, while when the content exceeds 65%, the Cr content relatively decreases and the oxidation resistance decreases. Its content was set to 55-65%.
【００１６】(ii) 同Ｃｒ含有量 Ｃｒ成分には、上記の通り分散相の素地に固溶して耐酸
化性を向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が２５％未
満では所望のすぐれた耐酸化性を確保することができ
ず、一方その含有量が３２％を越えると、焼結時にバル
ブシートの素地を形成するＦｅ基合金とのぬれ性が低下
し、素地に対する密着性が低下するようになることか
ら、その含有量を２５〜３２％と定めた。(Ii) The same Cr content The Cr component has the function of forming a solid solution in the matrix of the dispersed phase to improve the oxidation resistance as described above, but if the content of Cr is less than 25%, it is desirable and desirable. The oxidation resistance cannot be ensured, and when the content exceeds 32%, the wettability with the Fe-based alloy that forms the base of the valve seat during sintering decreases, and the adhesion to the base decreases. Therefore, the content is defined as 25 to 32%.
【００１７】(iii) 同Ｍｏ含有量 Ｍｏ成分には、分散相の素地に固溶し、これの強度を向
上させる作用があるが、その含有量が７％未満では所望
の強度向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が１０％を
越えると分散相自体の靭性が低下するようになることか
ら、その含有量を７〜１０％と定めた。(Iii) Same Mo content The Mo component has the function of forming a solid solution in the matrix of the dispersed phase and improving the strength thereof, but if the content is less than 7%, the desired strength improving effect is obtained. However, if the content exceeds 10%, the toughness of the dispersed phase itself will decrease, so the content was defined as 7 to 10%.
【００１８】なお、上記耐酸化性分散相は、 Ｃｏ：５５〜６５％， Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％， Ｍｏ：７〜１０％， Ｓｉ：１．５〜３．５％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成をも
つのが望ましい。The oxidation resistant dispersed phase contains Co: 55-65%, Cr: 25-32%, Mo: 7-10%, Si: 1.5-3.5%, and the rest. Preferably has a composition of Fe and inevitable impurities.
【００１９】（ｃ） 素地を形成するＦｅ基合金の成分
組成 (i) Ｃｒ Ｃｒ成分には、素地に固溶して耐酸化性を向上させるほ
か、炭化物を形成して耐摩耗性を向上させる作用がある
が、その含有量が１％未満では前記作用に所望の効果が
得られず、一方その含有量が３％を越えると焼結性が劣
化し、強度低下をきたすようになることから、その含有
量を１〜３％と定めた。(C) Component composition of Fe-based alloy forming the base (i) Cr The Cr component improves the oxidation resistance by forming a solid solution in the base, and also improves the wear resistance by forming carbides. There is an effect, but if the content is less than 1%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, while if the content exceeds 3%, the sinterability deteriorates, and the strength decreases. , Its content was set to 1-3%.
【００２０】(ii) ＭｏおよびＮｂ これらの成分には、炭化物を形成して耐摩耗性を向上さ
せる作用があるが、その含有量がＭｏ：０．３％未満お
よびＮｂ：０．２％未満では所望の耐摩耗性向上効果が
得られず、一方、その含有量がそれぞれＭｏ：３％およ
びＮｂ：１％を越えると、強度が低下するようになるこ
とから、その含有量をそれぞれＭｏ：０．３〜３％、Ｎ
ｂ：０．２〜１％と定めた。(Ii) Mo and Nb These components have the function of forming carbides to improve wear resistance, but their contents are Mo: less than 0.3% and Nb: less than 0.2%. However, the desired effect of improving wear resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds Mo: 3% and Nb: 1%, the strength tends to decrease. 0.3-3%, N
b: It was set to 0.2 to 1%.
【００２１】(iii) ＣｏおよびＮｉ これらの成分には、共存した状態で素地に固溶して強度
を向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が、それぞれＣ
ｏ：２％未満およびＮｉ：０．５％未満では所望の強度
向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量がＣｏ：８％およ
びＮｉ：３％をそれぞれ越えてもより一層の向上効果が
現われないことから、経済性を考慮して、その含有量を
Ｃｏ：２〜８％、Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％と定めた。(Iii) Co and Ni These components have the function of forming a solid solution in the matrix to improve the strength in the coexisting state, but their contents are C and C, respectively.
When o: less than 2% and Ni: less than 0.5%, the desired strength-improving effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, even when the contents thereof exceed Co: 8% and Ni: 3%, respectively, the further improving effect appears. Therefore, the contents thereof are set to Co: 2 to 8% and Ni: 0.5 to 3% in consideration of economic efficiency.
【００２２】(iv) Ｃ Ｃ成分には、上記の通りＣｒ，Ｍｏ，およびＮｂと結合
して炭化物を形成し、耐摩耗性を向上させるほか、素地
に固溶して、これを強化する作用があるが、その含有量
が０．６％未満では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、
一方その含有量が１．５％を越えると相手攻撃性が増す
ようになることから、その含有量を０．６〜１．５％と
定めた。(Iv) C The C component, as described above, forms a carbide by combining with Cr, Mo, and Nb to improve wear resistance, and also acts as a solid solution in the matrix to strengthen it. However, if the content is less than 0.6%, the desired effect cannot be obtained in the above action,
On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.5%, the attacking property of the other party will increase, so the content was defined as 0.6 to 1.5%.
【００２３】(v) Ｍｎ Ｍｎ成分には、素地に固溶して靭性を向上させる作用が
あるが、その含有量が０．１％未満では所望の靭性向上
効果が得られず、一方その含有量が１％を越えると耐摩
耗性が低下するようになることから、その含有量を０．
１〜１％と定めた。(V) Mn The Mn component has the function of forming a solid solution in the matrix to improve the toughness, but if its content is less than 0.1%, the desired toughness improving effect cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds 1%, the wear resistance will decrease, so the content is set to 0.
It was set at 1 to 1%.
【００２４】Ｂ．バックアップ層の成分組成 （ａ） Ｃ Ｃ成分には、素地に固溶して、これらの強度を向上させ
る作用があるが、その含有量が０．３％未満では所望の
強度向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が１．２％を
越えると、炭化物が、析出し、高温強度低下の原因とな
ることからその含有量を０．３〜１．２％と定めた。B. Component composition of backup layer (a) The C component has a function of forming a solid solution in the base material to improve the strength thereof, but if the content thereof is less than 0.3%, a desired strength improving effect can be obtained. On the other hand, on the other hand, when the content exceeds 1.2%, carbides precipitate and cause a decrease in high temperature strength. Therefore, the content was set to 0.3 to 1.2%.
【００２５】（ｂ） ＣｒおよびＭｏ これらの成分には、いずれも共存固溶して高温強度を向
上させる作用があるが、その含有量がそれぞれＣｒ：
１．２％未満および０．１％未満では所望の高温強度向
上効果が得られるが、一方その含有量がそれぞれＣｒ：
３．５％およびＭｏ：１％を越えると、素地中に炭化物
が析出するようになって、高温強度を低下させることか
ら、その含有量を、それぞれＣｒ：１．２〜３．５％お
よびＭｏ：０．１〜１％と定めた。(B) Cr and Mo Each of these components has the action of coexisting with each other to form a solid solution and improving the high temperature strength.
If it is less than 1.2% and less than 0.1%, the desired high-temperature strength improving effect can be obtained, while the contents thereof are Cr:
If it exceeds 3.5% and Mo: 1%, carbides will be precipitated in the matrix and the high temperature strength will be reduced. Therefore, the contents of Cr: 1.2-3.5% and Mo: It was set to 0.1 to 1%.
【００２６】Ｃ．空孔率および銅含浸（鉛溶浸）割合 空孔率が１０容量％未満では、銅含浸（鉛溶浸）を行な
う場合、これの割合が５％未満となってしまい、これに
よってもたらされる熱伝導性および潤滑性の向上効果が
十分に得られず、一方空孔率が２０容量％を越えると、
銅含浸（鉛溶浸）の割合も２０％を越えて多くなるが、
強度および耐摩耗性の急激な低下が避けられなくなるこ
とから、空孔率を１０〜２０容量％、銅含浸（鉛溶浸）
割合を５〜２０％と定めた。C. Porosity and copper impregnation (lead infiltration) ratio When the porosity is less than 10% by volume, when copper impregnation (lead infiltration) is performed, the ratio becomes less than 5%, and the heat generated by this If the effect of improving conductivity and lubricity is not sufficiently obtained, while the porosity exceeds 20% by volume,
The proportion of copper impregnation (lead infiltration) also exceeds 20% and increases,
Poor porosity of 10 to 20% by volume, copper impregnation (lead infiltration), because a sharp decrease in strength and wear resistance cannot be avoided.
The ratio was set to 5 to 20%.
【００２７】[0027]
【実施例】つぎに、この発明の２層バルブシートを実施
例により具体的に説明する。原料粉末として、いずれも
−１００meshの粒度を有するＦｅ粉末、３５％Ｃｒ−２
５％Ｃｒ−２５％Ｃｏ−２．５％Ｃ−１％Ｓｉ−１％Ｎ
ｂ−０．５％Ｆｅの組成を有する耐摩耗性分散相形成粉
末、５８％Ｃｏ−２８％Ｃｒ−８．５％Ｍｏ−２．５％
Ｓｉ−３％Ｆｅの組成を有する耐酸化性分散相形成粉
末、Ｆｅ−１％Ｃｒ合金粉末、Ｆｅ−１３％Ｃｒ−５％
Ｎｂ合金粉末、Ｍｎ粉末、Ｃｏ粉末、Ｎｉ粉末、Ｍｏ粉
末、および黒鉛粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末をそれぞ
れ表１に示されるバルブ当接層およびバックアップ層形
成のための配合組成に配合し、ステアリン酸亜鉛：１％
を加えてミキサーにて３０分間混合した後、バルブ当接
層とバックアップ層の相対割合が重量比で４：６となる
割合に金型内に装入し、５〜７ton ／cm2 の範囲内の所
定の圧力で圧粉体にプレス成形し、この圧粉体を５００
℃に３０分間保持して脱脂し、ついでアンモニア分解ガ
ス雰囲気中、１１８０℃の温度に１時間保持の条件で焼
結して、同じく表１に示される空孔率を有し、かつ配合
組成と実質的に同一の組成、並びに外径：３４mm×内
径：２７mm×厚さ：７．２mmの寸法をもった焼結体を形
成し、この焼結体の１部に、純銅または表２に示される
組成のＣｕ合金溶解材を含浸材として用い、所定量の前
記含浸材を上記焼結体の上面に載置し、この状態で、メ
タン変成ガス雰囲気中、温度：１１００℃に１５分間保
持の条件で同じく表２に示される割合の銅含浸処理を行
ない、さらに他の上記焼結体の１部には、溶浸材として
純鉛または表２に示される組成のＰｂ合金材を用い、こ
れら溶浸材の加熱浴中に、窒素雰囲気中、浴表面に８kg
／cm2 の圧力を付加した状態で１時間浸漬し、表１に示
される割合の鉛溶浸処理を行なうことにより焼結ままの
本発明２層バルブシート、銅含浸の本発明２層バルブシ
ート４〜６、および鉛含浸の本発明２層バルブシート７
〜９をそれぞれ製造した。EXAMPLES Next, the two-layer valve seat of the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. As raw material powder, Fe powder having a particle size of -100 mesh, 35% Cr-2
5% Cr-25% Co-2.5% C-1% Si-1% N
b-Abrasion resistant dispersed phase forming powder having a composition of 0.5% Fe, 58% Co-28% Cr-8.5% Mo-2.5%
Oxidation resistant dispersed phase forming powder having a composition of Si-3% Fe, Fe-1% Cr alloy powder, Fe-13% Cr-5%
Nb alloy powder, Mn powder, Co powder, Ni powder, Mo powder, and graphite powder were prepared, and these raw material powders were added to the compounding compositions shown in Table 1 for forming the valve contact layer and the backup layer, respectively. Zinc stearate: 1%
And mixed in a mixer for 30 minutes, and then charged into a mold at a relative ratio of the valve contact layer and the backup layer of 4: 6 by weight, within a range of 5 to 7 ton / cm 2 . Press-molded into a green compact with a predetermined pressure of
C. for 30 minutes to degrease it, and then to sinter in an ammonia decomposition gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1180.degree. C. for 1 hour to give it the porosity shown in Table 1 and the composition A sintered body having substantially the same composition and dimensions of outer diameter: 34 mm x inner diameter: 27 mm x thickness: 7.2 mm was formed, and a part of this sintered body was made of pure copper or shown in Table 2. A Cu alloy melting material having the composition described above is used as an impregnating material, and a predetermined amount of the impregnating material is placed on the upper surface of the sintered body. Copper impregnation treatment was also performed under the conditions shown in Table 2, and pure lead or a Pb alloy material having the composition shown in Table 2 was used as an infiltrant in part of the other sintered body. 8kg on the bath surface in a nitrogen atmosphere in a bath of infiltrant
The present invention is a two-layer valve sheet of the present invention as-sintered and a two-layer valve sheet of the present invention which is copper-impregnated by immersing for 1 hour under a pressure of / cm 2 and subjecting to a lead infiltration treatment in the proportions shown in Table 1. 4-6 and lead impregnated two-layer valve seat 7 of the present invention
~ 9 were produced respectively.
【００２７】[0027]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２８】[0028]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２９】[0029]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３０】また、比較の目的で、表３に示される通り
バックアップ層の形成を行なわない以外は同一の条件で
従来単層バルブシート１〜９をそれぞれ製造した。For the purpose of comparison, conventional single-layer valve seats 1 to 9 were manufactured under the same conditions except that the backup layer was not formed as shown in Table 3.
【００３１】つぎに、この結果得られた本発明２層バル
ブシート１〜９および従来単層バルブシート１〜９の常
温および４００℃の引張強さを測定し、この測定結果を
表１，２に示した。Next, the two-layer valve seats 1 to 9 of the present invention and the conventional single-layer valve seats 1 to 9 thus obtained were measured for tensile strength at room temperature and 400 ° C., and the measurement results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. It was shown to.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】表１〜３に示される結果から、本発明２
層バルブシート１〜９は、いずれも従来単層バルブシー
ト１〜９に比して相対的に高い常温および高温強度を有
することが明らかである。上述のように、この発明の鉄
系焼結合金製２層バルブシートは、特にすぐれた高温強
度を有するので、小型化および薄肉化した状態で、苛酷
な条件下での実用に供しても、すぐれた性能を長期に亘
って発揮するのである。From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, the present invention 2 is obtained.
It is apparent that the layer valve seats 1 to 9 have relatively high room temperature and high temperature strengths as compared with the conventional single layer valve seats 1 to 9. As described above, since the iron-based sintered alloy two-layer valve seat of the present invention has particularly excellent high temperature strength, even if it is put into practical use under severe conditions in a compact and thin state, It has excellent performance over a long period of time.
Claims (3)
と一体焼結結合されたＦｅ基焼結合金のバックアップ層
の２層構造を有する内燃機関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バル
ブシートにして、 上記バルブ当接層を、以下重量％で、 Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％，Ｗ：２０〜３０％，Ｃｏ：２０〜
３０％，Ｎｂ：０．２〜２％、およびＣ：１〜３％を含
有するＣｒ−Ｗ−Ｃｏ系合金の耐摩耗性分散相：５〜１
５％， Ｃｏ：５５〜６５％，Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％、およびＭ
ｏ：７〜１０％を含有するＣｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ系合金の耐
酸化性分散相：５〜１５％、を含有し、残りが素地を形
成するＦｅ基合金と不可避不純物からなり、かつ前記Ｆ
ｅ基合金が、バルブ当接層に占める割合で、 Ｃｒ：１〜３％， Ｍｏ：０．３〜３％， Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％， Ｃｏ：２〜８％， Ｃ：０．６〜１．５％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％， Ｍｎ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅからなる組成、並びに１０〜２０
容量％の空孔率を有する耐摩耗性のすぐれたＦｅ基焼結
合金で構成し、 上記バックアップ層を、 Ｃ：０．３〜１．２％， Ｃｒ：１．２〜３．５
％，Ｍｏ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに１０〜２０容量％の空孔率を有する高温強度のすぐ
れたＦｅ基焼結合金で構成したことを特徴とする内燃機
関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート。1. A two-layer structure of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine having a two-layer structure of a valve contact layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy and a backup layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy integrally sinter-bonded therewith. In the valve seat, the valve contact layer is composed of Cr: 25 to 45%, W: 20 to 30%, Co: 20 to
Wear-resistant dispersed phase of Cr-W-Co based alloy containing 30%, Nb: 0.2-2%, and C: 1-3%: 5-1
5%, Co: 55-65%, Cr: 25-32%, and M
O: Oxidation resistance of Co—Cr—Mo alloy containing 7 to 10% Dispersed phase: 5 to 15%, the balance consisting of Fe-based alloy forming a matrix and inevitable impurities, and
The ratio of the e-based alloy in the valve contact layer is Cr: 1 to 3%, Mo: 0.3 to 3%, Ni: 0.5 to 3%, Co: 2 to 8%, C: 0. 6 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1%, Mn: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe, and 10 to 20
It is made of a Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of volume% and excellent in wear resistance, and the backup layer comprises C: 0.3 to 1.2% and Cr: 1.2 to 3.5.
%, Mo: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, and a high-temperature-strength Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of 10 to 20% by volume. A two-layer valve seat made of a ferrous sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which is characterized in that
と一体焼結結合されたＦｅ基焼結合金のバックアップ層
の２層構造を有する内燃機関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バル
ブシートにして、 上記バルブ当接層を、以下重量％で、 Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％，Ｗ：２０〜３０％，Ｃｏ：２０〜
３０％，Ｎｂ：０．２〜２％、およびＣ：１〜３％を含
有するＣｒ−Ｗ−Ｃｏ系合金の耐摩耗性分散相：５〜１
５％， Ｃｏ：５５〜６５％，Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％、およびＭ
ｏ：７〜１０％を含有するＣｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ系合金の耐
酸化性分散相：５〜１５％、を含有し、残りが素地を形
成するＦｅ基合金と不可避不純物からなり、かつ前記Ｆ
ｅ基合金が、バルブ当接層に占める割合で、 Ｃｒ：１〜３％， Ｍｏ：０．３〜３％， Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％， Ｃｏ：２〜８％， Ｃ：０．６〜１．５％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％， Ｍｎ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅからなる組成、並びに１０〜２０
容量％の空孔率を有する耐摩耗性のすぐれたＦｅ基焼結
合金で構成し、 上記バックアップ層を、 Ｃ：０．３〜１．２％， Ｃｒ：１．２〜３．５
％， Ｍｏ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに１０〜２０容量％の空孔率を有する高温強度のすぐ
れたＦｅ基焼結合金で構成し、 かつ、全体に占める割合で５〜２０％の純銅またはＣｕ
合金を含浸したことを特徴とする内燃機関の鉄系焼結合
金製２層バルブシート。2. A two-layer structure of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which has a two-layer structure of a valve contact layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy and a backup layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy integrally sintered and bonded thereto. In the valve seat, the valve contact layer is composed of Cr: 25 to 45%, W: 20 to 30%, Co: 20 to
Wear-resistant dispersed phase of Cr-W-Co based alloy containing 30%, Nb: 0.2-2%, and C: 1-3%: 5-1
5%, Co: 55-65%, Cr: 25-32%, and M
O: Oxidation resistance of Co—Cr—Mo alloy containing 7 to 10% Dispersed phase: 5 to 15%, the balance consisting of Fe-based alloy forming a matrix and inevitable impurities, and
The ratio of the e-based alloy in the valve contact layer is Cr: 1 to 3%, Mo: 0.3 to 3%, Ni: 0.5 to 3%, Co: 2 to 8%, C: 0. 6 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1%, Mn: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe, and 10 to 20
It is made of a Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of volume% and excellent in wear resistance, and the backup layer comprises C: 0.3 to 1.2% and Cr: 1.2 to 3.5.
%, Mo: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and a high-temperature-strength Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of 10 to 20% by volume. , And 5% to 20% of pure copper or Cu
A two-layer valve seat made of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which is impregnated with an alloy.
と一体焼結結合されたＦｅ基焼結合金のバックアップ層
の２層構造を有する内燃機関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バル
ブシートにして、 上記バルブ当接層を、以下重量％で、 Ｃｒ：２５〜４５％，Ｗ：２０〜３０％，Ｃｏ：２０〜
３０％，Ｎｂ：０．２〜２％、およびＣ：１〜３％を含
有するＣｒ−Ｗ−Ｃｏ系合金の耐摩耗性分散相：５〜１
５％， Ｃｏ：５５〜６５％，Ｃｒ：２５〜３２％、およびＭ
ｏ：７〜１０％を含有するＣｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ系合金の耐
酸化性分散相：５〜１５％、を含有し、残りが素地を形
成するＦｅ基合金と不可避不純物からなり、かつ前記Ｆ
ｅ基合金が、バルブ当接層に占める割合で、 Ｃｒ：１〜３％， Ｍｏ：０．３〜３％， Ｎｉ：０．５〜３％， Ｃｏ：２〜８％， Ｃ：０．６〜１．５％， Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％， Ｍｎ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅからなる組成、並びに１０〜２０
容量％の空孔率を有する耐摩耗性のすぐれたＦｅ基焼結
合金で構成し、 上記バックアップ層を、 Ｃ：０．３〜１．２％， Ｃｒ：１．２〜３．５
％， Ｍｏ：０．１〜１％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに１０〜２０容量％の空孔率を有する高温強度のすぐ
れたＦｅ基焼結合金で構成し、かつ、全体に占める割合
で５〜２０％の純鉛またはＰｂ合金を溶浸したことを特
徴とする内燃機関の鉄系焼結合金製２層バルブシート。3. A two-layer structure of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which has a two-layer structure of a valve contact layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy and a backup layer of an Fe-based sintered alloy integrally sinter-bonded with the valve contact layer. In the valve seat, the valve contact layer is composed of Cr: 25 to 45%, W: 20 to 30%, Co: 20 to
Wear-resistant dispersed phase of Cr-W-Co based alloy containing 30%, Nb: 0.2-2%, and C: 1-3%: 5-1
5%, Co: 55-65%, Cr: 25-32%, and M
O: Oxidation resistance of Co—Cr—Mo alloy containing 7 to 10% Dispersed phase: 5 to 15%, the balance consisting of Fe-based alloy forming a matrix and inevitable impurities, and
The ratio of the e-based alloy in the valve contact layer is Cr: 1 to 3%, Mo: 0.3 to 3%, Ni: 0.5 to 3%, Co: 2 to 8%, C: 0. 6 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1%, Mn: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe, and 10 to 20
It is made of a Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of volume% and excellent in wear resistance, and the backup layer comprises C: 0.3 to 1.2% and Cr: 1.2 to 3.5.
%, Mo: 0.1 to 1%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and a high-temperature-strength Fe-based sintered alloy having a porosity of 10 to 20% by volume. A two-layer valve seat made of an iron-based sintered alloy for an internal combustion engine, which is obtained by infiltrating 5 to 20% of pure lead or Pb alloy in the whole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3327133A JP2697430B2 (en) | 1991-11-15 | 1991-11-15 | Two-layer valve seat made of iron-based sintered alloy for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3327133A JP2697430B2 (en) | 1991-11-15 | 1991-11-15 | Two-layer valve seat made of iron-based sintered alloy for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05140702A true JPH05140702A (en) | 1993-06-08 |
| JP2697430B2 JP2697430B2 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=18195685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3327133A Expired - Fee Related JP2697430B2 (en) | 1991-11-15 | 1991-11-15 | Two-layer valve seat made of iron-based sintered alloy for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2697430B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101333747B1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-11-27 | 한국분말야금(주) | Sintered steel alloy for wear resistance at high temperatures and fabrication method of valve-seat using the same |
| KR101363025B1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2014-02-14 | 한국분말야금(주) | Sintered steel alloy for wear resistance at high temperatures and fabrication method of valve-seat using the same |
| CN106121761A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州亘富机械科技有限公司 | A kind of valve guide bushing being coated with plasma nitrided layer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59123746A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | Wear-resistant sintered composite member |
| JPH03158445A (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1991-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Valve seat made of fe-base sintered alloy excellent in wear resistance |
-
1991
- 1991-11-15 JP JP3327133A patent/JP2697430B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59123746A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | Wear-resistant sintered composite member |
| JPH03158445A (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1991-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Valve seat made of fe-base sintered alloy excellent in wear resistance |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101333747B1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-11-27 | 한국분말야금(주) | Sintered steel alloy for wear resistance at high temperatures and fabrication method of valve-seat using the same |
| KR101363025B1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2014-02-14 | 한국분말야금(주) | Sintered steel alloy for wear resistance at high temperatures and fabrication method of valve-seat using the same |
| CN106121761A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州亘富机械科技有限公司 | A kind of valve guide bushing being coated with plasma nitrided layer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2697430B2 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
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