JPH05137413A - Sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size of a sowing part and a sowing apparatus by attaching a seed-storage hopper to the top face of either the front or the rear part of a horizontal attaching part and providing the attaching part with a reciprocation mechanism for reciprocating a drop chute and a brush. CONSTITUTION:A feed hopper 21 for storing seeds is attached to the top face of either the front or the rear part of a horizontal attaching part 17 supported by vertical legs 18, 19 of a transfer table 10 to laterally transfer a box for holding a sponge seedling bed. A drop chute 50 for temporarily storing seeds delivered from a delivery roll 22 and a brush 51 slidably contacting with a sowing plate 36 and putting seeds supplied from the drop chute to the sowing plate into a sowing hole 35 are reciprocated by a reciprocation means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sowing device, and more particularly to a device for sowing seeds such as non-spherical vegetables.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-237708 discloses a supply hopper for storing and supplying seeds at a position above a transfer table for laterally transferring a storage box containing a polypot (trade name). In a sowing device provided with a seeding plate having a seeding hole provided below the supply hopper and a shutter for dropping seeds fitted in the seeding hole, the seeding plate also serves as a bottom plate of the supply hopper. , The seeding plate is composed of two plates, an upper plate and a lower plate, and the shutter is movably provided between the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0003]

However, as compared with the seeding device using the feeding roll having the feeding recess formed on the outer peripheral surface, the seeding by the combination of the seeding plate and the shutter is fixed at a certain position as in the known example. Although there is an advantage that seeds can be sown accurately because the seeds are dropped, there is a problem that the seeds are clogged when the seeds are located in the middle of the through holes of the seeding plate and the shutter. Since the upper plate and the lower plate are also used as two sheets and the shutter is provided between the upper plate and the lower plate, the two plates pass through the matching through holes of the upper plate and the shutter and the shutter and the lower plate. There is a high possibility that it will get stuck. In particular, crescent-shaped non-spherical seeds such as honeybee seeds cannot be sown because they may be crushed when the shutter moves because the state of fitting into the through holes is not constant. Further, since the seeds that have entered the through holes of the shutter are carried to above the through holes of the lower plate while being fitted into the through holes of the shutter, the seeds are crushed or damaged significantly, and the germination rate decreases. From this point as well, non-spherical seeds cannot be sown because the orientation is often changed and jammed during movement. Therefore, there is also a problem that the portion where seeds are clogged becomes a missing strain and the seeding accuracy is significantly reduced.

[0004]

An object of the present invention is to prevent seed jamming and seed crush damage in spite of the combination of a sowing plate and a shutter.

[0005]

Therefore, according to the present invention, a transfer table 10 for laterally transporting a storage box 4 having an open upper surface into which a sponge seedbed 1 formed of a flat sponge can be fitted from above.
A feed hopper 21 for seed storage having a feeding roll 22 at a lower portion provided above the transfer table 10 and a sowing hole 3 provided at a predetermined interval provided at a lower position of the feeding roll 22.
In the seeding device provided with a seeding plate 36 in which the seedlings 5 are arranged in parallel, and a shutter 38 for dropping the seeds fitted in the seeding holes 35 that overlap on the lower surface of the seeding plate 36, the feeding roll 2
Between the 2 and the seeding plate 36, a drop chute 50 that temporarily stores the seeds fed by the feeding roll 22 and moves from one end to the other end of the seeding plate 36 to supply the seeding holes 35, A brush 51 that moves with the drop chute 50 to level the surface of the seeding plate 36 is provided, and the supply hopper 21 has the leg portions 18 provided at the front and rear of the transfer table 10.
The drop chute 5 is provided on the upper surface of one of the front and the rear of the horizontal mounting portion 17 positioned above the seeding plate 36 supported by 19 at a predetermined interval.
0 and a moving mechanism X capable of reciprocating the brush 51.
The seeding device is provided with.

[0006]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a nursery bed made of sponge or the like, and a plurality of blocks 3 are formed by making cuts 2 in length and width, and after seeding, the blocks can be divided into each block 3. Is forming. Reference numeral 4 denotes a storage box for storing the sponge seedbed 1, which is formed of styrofoam, synthetic resin, or the like, is provided with a peripheral wall 6 standing upright around a rectangular bottom wall 5, and is formed in a box shape with an open upper surface. ing. In this embodiment, since hydroponics is planned, a sponge seedbed 1 made of a sponge and a storage box 4 made of expanded polystyrene are used. However, soil-supplied seedlings are sown to sow seed rice. It can be a box. Reference numeral 10 denotes a transfer table that horizontally traverses the storage box 4 storing the sponge seedbed 1 from the start end to the end, and is placed on the floor by a plurality of supporting legs 7. Each supporting leg 7 is provided with a height adjusting device 8 so that the transfer table 10 is horizontal. The transfer table 10 is divided into front and rear parts to form a front transfer table 11 and a rear transfer table 12, and a transfer roll 13 is provided on each of the front transfer table 11 and the rear transfer table 12. The transfer roll 13 is configured to rotate independently by a front transfer motor 14 provided on the front transfer table 11 and a rear transfer motor 15 provided on the rear transfer table 12.

A support frame 16 is provided above the starting end of the front transfer table 11. The support frame 16 is
A side view of a flat plate-shaped horizontal mounting portion 17 positioned above the front transfer table 11 at a predetermined interval, and leg portions 18 and 19 provided in front of and behind the horizontal mounting portion 17 so that the storage box 4 can pass therethrough. Form in a downward U shape. Further, the front side leg portion 18 is provided with the front side transfer motor 14, and the front side leg portion 18 also serves as a motor box of the front side transfer motor 14. A supply hopper 21 is provided on the front upper surface of the horizontal mounting portion 17 of the support frame 16, and a left-right feeding roll 22 is provided below the supply hopper 21. The feeding roll 22 has a horizontal groove-shaped feeding concave portion (not shown) formed in parallel with the generatrix direction on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the tip end of the sliding contact brush 24 is abutted on the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll 22 on the rotating downward side. Contact them (Fig. 4). Returning to FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 2 of the feeding roll 22
A gear 26 is fixed to the gear 5, and the gear 26 and the feeding motor 2
The chain 29 is hung around the gear 28 of 7. The feeding motor 27 is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal mounting portion 17.

As shown in FIG. 4, the seed in the feeding recess of the feeding roll 22 that has passed through the sliding contact brush 24 is guided to the lower side of the feeding roll 22 on the side of the lowering side of the feeding roll 22. The seed guide 30 is provided, and the seed guide 3 is provided.
The lower part of 0 faces the upper part of the drop guide 31. The seed guide 30 and the drop guide guide 31 are formed to have substantially the same width as the feeding roll 22. Then, a seeding plate 36 in which vertical seeding holes 35 are vertically and horizontally arranged is provided at a position above the transfer path of the storage box 4 of the front transfer table 11 below the support frame 16 (FIGS. 4 and 5). .. Seeding plate 3
Reference numeral 6 is formed to have a lateral width that is substantially the same as or slightly wider than that of the drop guide 31. The seeding hole 35 is formed with a size of about 7 mm in diameter so that about 20 to 30 seeds of honeybee seeds can enter, but the size is arbitrary, and the seeding depending on the shape of the seed and the seeding amount. The plate 36 may be exchangeable. Further, about 12 seedling holes 35 are formed on the right and left sides and about 30 on the front and rear sides, but this number is also arbitrary. Seeding plate 3 between the sowing holes 35 in each column that are adjacent to each other on the left and right
A guide 37 in the front-back direction having a triangular cross section is provided on the upper surface of 6.

Below the seed plate 36, the storage box 4 is provided.
There is provided a shutter 38 that moves in parallel with the transfer direction. The shutter 38 is suspended below the seeding plate 36 by a bolt 39, and a spring 40 provided on the outer periphery of the bolt 39 causes the upper surface of the shutter 38 to be in close contact with the lower surface of the seeding plate 36. The shutter 38 is formed with a drop opening 41 corresponding to the seeding hole 35 and having a larger hole than the seeding hole 35. A movable seed supply unit 45 that reciprocates in the moving direction of the storage box 4 and supplies seeds to all the sowing holes 35 is provided between the upper and lower sides of the supply hopper 21 and the sowing plate 36.
The moving seed supply unit 45 includes a front plate 46, left and right side plates 47, and an upper plate 4.
8, a drop chute 50 is provided on the rear side of a frame 49 formed in a box shape, a left and right side plate 47 is provided with a left and right rotary leveling brush 51, and a brush rotation motor 52 is provided at an upper part of the frame 49. Provide and configure. That is, since non-spherical seeds such as honeybee cannot be lined up vertically, the seeds are crushed when the upper seeds and the lower seeds are separated by the shutter 38. Therefore, the shutter 38 is used only for dropping the seeds, which are once fitted evenly by the sowing hole 35 brush 51.

The upper plate 48 of the frame 49 is provided with a pair of left and right mounting portions 55 at the front and rear, and the mounting portions 55
Is mounted on the moving mechanism X provided on the horizontal mounting portion 17 of the support frame 16. The moving mechanism X is the horizontal mounting portion 1
A chain 57 is wound around a pair of front and rear gears 56 provided on the left and right sides of 7, and the chain 57 is configured to reciprocate by rotating the front gear 56 forward and backward by a moving motor 58. The mounting part 55 of the moving seed supply part 45 is fixed. The moving mechanism X may have any structure such as a rack and a pinion. The moving motor 58 and the brush rotating motor 52 are configured to rotate in synchronization with each other to prevent the rotary leveling brush 51 from sliding on the seed plate 36. The moving motor 58 and the brush rotating motor 52 are variable speed motors, and the seeding speed can be changed. Further, guide rollers 60 are fixed on both right and left sides of the rotary shaft 59 of the rotary leveling brush 51, and the guide rollers 60 roll on guide rails 61 provided on the seed plate 36. Reference numeral 62 denotes a guide roller provided on the frame 49, which moves the moving seed supply unit 45 by the four guide rollers 60 and 62. Guide rail 61
Is provided so that the height position can be adjusted with respect to the fixed portion 63 provided on the seeding plate 36, and the height of the rotary leveling brush 51 is changed by changing the height of the guide rail 61, so that the seeding hole 35 is formed. It is configured so that the seeding amount can be changed by adjusting the amount of seeds fitted to. 64 is a gear fixed to the rotary shaft 59, 65 is a gear of the brush rotation motor 52, 6
6 is a chain between the gears 64 and 65, 67 is a solenoid for opening the shutter 38, 68 is a solenoid for closing the shutter 38, and 69 is a link mechanism.

Therefore, the seed plate 36 is the storage box 4
The seeding hole 35 is formed to a position above the rear portion of the storage box 4 at a predetermined position.
A non-hole portion 70 that does not form the sowing hole 35 is formed in the rear portion of 6, and the seeds swept away by the rotary leveling brush 51 on the outward path are
In the return path, it is configured to be swept back by the rotary leveling brush 51. That is, up to the intermediate position A above the rear seedling hole 35, the rotating and leveling brush 51 rotates forward so as to sweep the seed toward the starting end side of the transfer table 10, and rotates when passing through the intermediate position A. While rotating the leveling brush 51 in the reverse direction, the moving seed supply unit 45 is moved to the rear non-hole portion 70 at a predetermined interval from the intermediate position A, and then the moving seed supply unit 45 moves on the non-hole portion 70. While sweeping back the seeds, the seeds are returned to the standby position below the supply hopper 21. The standby position of the moving seed supply unit 45 can of course be reversed. The moving seed supply unit 45 and the sowing plate 36 may be related to each other as long as the moving seed supply unit 45 and the sowing plate 36 relatively move, and the rotary leveling brush 51 reciprocates. Although the upper surface of 36 is swept and smoothed twice, it may be swept once.

A rotation amount detecting portion 71 for detecting the rotation amount of the feeding roll 22 is provided near the feeding roll 22, and the moving seed feeding portion is provided on the horizontal mounting portion 17 of the support frame 16. A standby position switch 72 for detecting the standby position of 45, an intermediate switch 73 for detecting the intermediate position A, and a return position detection switch 74 for detecting the return position of the moving seed supply unit 45 are provided, and the front side The transfer table 11 is provided with a stop position switch 75 for detecting the stop position of the storage box 4, and is connected to each motor via a control panel 76 provided on the horizontal mounting portion 17 of the support frame 16 for automatic operation. It is configured to be controllable. Regarding this automatic control, regardless of its configuration, a timer may be used, or the operation sequence may be changed, as long as automatic seeding is possible. In the figure, reference numeral 77 is a watering device.

[0013]

[Operation] Next, the operation will be described. When the storage box 4 fitted with the sponge seedbed 1 (which may or may not already absorb water) is supplied to the starting end of the front transfer table 11 of the transfer table 10, the front transfer motor 14 causes When the forward end of the storage box 4 reaches a predetermined position below the supply hopper 21 by moving forward by the rotating transfer roll 13, the stop position switch 75 is turned on to stop the operation of the front side transfer motor 14, The storage box 4 is stopped and waits at a predetermined position.

On the other hand, when the feeding motor 27 is energized and the feeding roll 22 is rotated, the seed in the supply hopper 21 passes under the sliding brush 24 while being fitted in the feeding recess of the feeding roll 22. Then, the seeds enter the seed guide 30, pass through the seed guide 30, flow down into the drop guide guide 31, and the seeds dropped from the drop guide guide 31 are moved to the moving seed supply unit 4.
5 is supplied to the drop chute 50, and when the moving motor 58 is energized in this state, the gear 56 rotates and the chain 57
Is moved, and the movement of the chain 57 causes the moving seed supply unit 4 to move.
5 moves, the drop chute 50 moves while gradually dropping the seeds in the drop chute 50 onto the upper surface of the sowing plate 36, and the brush rotation motor 5 provided in the moving seed supply unit 45.
The rotary leveling brush 51 rotating by 2 moves while sweeping the seeds, and the seeds fit into all the sowing holes 35 of the sowing plate 36. Therefore, the seeds are smoothly fitted into the seeding holes 35 of the seeding plate 36, and the seeds are not crushed or damaged.

When the solenoid 67 is energized in this state,
The solenoid 67 pulls the shutter 38, and the seeds fitted in all the sowing holes 35 of the sowing plate 36 pass through the drop openings 41 of the shutter 38 and stand by below the upper surface of each block 3 of the sponge nursery 1. Be sown in.

In this case, when the dropping port 41 of the shutter 38 is aligned with the sowing hole 35 of the sowing plate 36, the seed falls, so that the movement of the seed in the sowing hole 35 and the dropping port 41 as in a known example does not occur. Since there is no seed, there is no clogging of the seed and no damage to the seed. Therefore, not only ordinary seeds having a spherical shape, but also coated seeds and seeds having a non-spherical shape such as honeywort and leeks can be satisfactorily sown. Further, the drop opening 41 of the shutter 38 is provided on the seeding plate 3
Since the holes are formed to be larger than the sowing holes 35 of No. 6, the seeds fall more favorably. Further, the solenoid 67 shock-pulls the shutter 38 and the solenoid 68 shock-returns to the original closed position, so that the seed is surely dropped. Then, when the seeding is completed, the front-side transfer motor 14 is energized again to rotate the transfer roll 13 to advance the storage box 4. Seeded storage box 4 is rear transfer table 1
Transfer to 2 and irrigate with irrigation device 77, transfer table 1
It is taken out at the end of 0. Sponge seedbed 1 seeded
Since it germinates after several days, it is divided into blocks 3 and is fitted into a fitting hole of a styrofoam nursery of the size of one tatami mat to grow seedlings, which are then harvested and shipped.

Thus, the seeding plate 36 is formed longer than the length of the storage box 4, and the rotary leveling brush 51 is rotated forward to the intermediate position A so as to sweep seeds toward the starting end side of the transfer table 10. Therefore, the rotating and leveling brush 51 moves to the intermediate position A by sweeping and moving toward the rear side the seeds that have not been fitted into the sowing holes 35 among the seeds that have dropped to the front side of the sowing plate 36. A non-perforated portion 70 having no sowing holes 35 is formed at the rear of the sowing plate 36, and is rotated in the reverse direction when passing through the intermediate position A. Therefore, seeds swept up to the non-perforated portion 70 are also supplied to the hopper 2
When returning to the standby position below 1, it is returned by the rotating leveling brush 51, and when returning, the rotating leveling brush 51 again.
The seeds are surely fitted into the sowing holes 35 because they are leveled with each other. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since the excess seeds are leveled and removed by the rotary leveling brush 51, it is possible to supply more seeds than the amount to be sown to the moving seed supply unit 45, and surely all seeds are seeded. The seeds are fitted in the sowing holes 35 to prevent the occurrence of stockout.

Therefore, the moving seed supplying section 45 is moved by the chain 57 rotated by the moving motor 58, and the moving motor 58 turns on / off the group of switches provided on the horizontal mounting portion 17 of the support frame 16. Since it is automatically controlled by the control panel 76 when turned off, the supply hopper 2
When a certain time has elapsed after the rotation of No. 1 was stopped, the moving motor 58
When the brush rotation motor 52 is energized and the moving seed supply unit 45 reaches the intermediate position A, the intermediate switch 73 is turned on to reverse only the brush rotation motor 52 and move to the non-hole portion 70. When 45 is reached, the moving motor 58 is rotated in the reverse direction, and when reaching the standby position, the standby position switch 72 is turned on to stop the moving motor 58 and the brush rotating motor 52. Note that, for convenience of explanation, the shutter 38 is opened and closed after the storage box 4 is stopped and waits, but the storage box 4 is transferred to a predetermined position in a state where the moving seed supply unit 45 supplies the seeding holes 35. At this time, the shutter 38 may be opened and closed, so that the transfer of the storage box 4 and the seed supply by the moving seed supply unit 45 are performed independently of each other.

[0019]

[Effects] The present invention provides a transfer table 10 for laterally transferring a storage box 4 having an open upper surface into which a sponge seedbed 1 formed of a flat plate-shaped sponge can be fitted from above, and is provided above the transfer table 10. And a seed hopper 21 for storing seeds having a payout roll 22 at the lower part, a seeding plate 36 having seeding holes 35 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals provided at a lower position of the payout roll 22, and a lower surface of the sowing plate 36. In the seeding device provided with the shutter 38 for dropping the seeds fitted in the seeding holes 35 to be polymerized, the seeds fed out by the feeding rolls 22 are temporarily provided between the feeding rolls 22 and the seeding plate 36. A drop chute 50 that is stored and moves from one end to the other end of the seeding plate 36 to be supplied to the seeding hole 35, and a brush 51 that moves together with the drop chute 50 to level the surface of the seeding plate 36 are provided. Previous Supply hopper 21 is the transfer table 10
The horizontal mounting portion 1 is provided on the upper surface of either one of the front and rear sides of the horizontal mounting portion 17 positioned above the seeding plate 36 and supported by the leg portions 18 and 19 provided at the front and rear sides thereof.
Since 7 is a seeding device provided with a moving mechanism X capable of reciprocating the drop chute 50 and the brush 51, the drop chute 50 moving on the seeding plate 36.
The seeds stored by are gradually supplied onto the sowing plate 35, and the surface of the sowing plate 36 is leveled by the moving brush 51, so that the seeds smoothly fit into the sowing holes 35 of the sowing plate 36 and fall The moving mechanism X for moving the chute 50 and the brush 51 includes a horizontal mounting portion 17 provided with a supply hopper 21.
Since it is provided in the above, it is possible to have a rational integrated structure, and it is possible to reduce the size of the seeding section and the entire size of the seeding device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a state where a nursery is placed in a storage box.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the entire apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a main part.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of a main part.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a brush rotating direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Nurseries, 2 ... Breaks, 3 ... Blocks, 4 ... Storage boxes, 5
... bottom wall, 6 ... side wall, 7 ... support leg, 8 ... height adjusting device, 10
... Transfer stand, 11 ... Front transfer stand, 12 ... Rear transfer stand, 13
... Transfer rolls, 14 ... Front transfer motor, 15 ... Rear transfer motor, 16 ... Support frame, 17 ... Horizontal part, 1
8, 19 ... Legs, 21 ... Supply hopper, 22 ... Delivery roll, 23 ... Delivery recess, 24 ... Sliding brush, 25 ... Rotating shaft, 26 ... Gear, 27 ... Delivery motor, 28 ... Gear, 2
9 ... Chain, 30 ... Seed guide, 31 ... Fall guide guide, 35 ... Seeding hole, 36 ... Seeding plate, 37 ... Guide, 38
... Shutter, 39 ... Bolt, 40 ... Spring, 41 ... Drop port, 45 ... Moving seed supply section, 46 ... Front plate, 47 ... Left and right side plates, 48 ... Top plate, 49 ... Frame, 50 ... Drop chute, 51 ... Rotation Leveling brush, 52 ... Brush rotation motor, 55 ... Mounting portion, 56 ... Gear, 57 ... Chain, 58 ...
Motor for moving, 59 ... Rotating shaft, 60 ... Guide roller, 6
1 ... Guide rail, 62 ... Guide roller, 63 ... Fixed part,
64, 65 ... Gear, 66 ... Chain, 67, 68 ... Solenoid, 69 ... Link mechanism, 70 ... Non-hole portion, 71 ... Rotation amount detecting section, 72, 73, 74, 75 ... Switch, 76 ... Control panel, 77 ... irrigation device, A ... intermediate position, X ... moving mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transfer table 10 for laterally transferring a storage box 4 having an open upper surface into which a sponge seedbed 1 formed of a flat plate-shaped sponge can be fitted from above, and a lower part provided above the transfer table 10. A seed hopper 21 for storing seeds having a feeding roll 22, a seeding plate 36 having seeding holes 35 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval provided at a lower position of the feeding roll 22, and a lower surface of the seeding plate 36. In the seeding device provided with the shutter 38 for dropping the seeds fitted in the seeding holes 35, between the feeding roll 22 and the seeding plate 36,
A drop chute 50 that temporarily stores the seeds fed by the feeding roll 22 and moves from one end to the other end of the seeding plate 36 to supply to the seeding holes 35, and the seedling plate 36 that moves together with the drop chute 50. Brush 5 to even out the surface
1, and the feed hopper 21 is positioned horizontally above the seeding plate 36 supported by the legs 18 and 19 provided at the front and rear of the transfer table 10 at a predetermined interval.
7. A seeding device, which is provided on the upper surface of one of the front and the rear of 7, and has a moving mechanism X capable of reciprocating the drop chute 50 and the brush 51 on the horizontal mounting portion 17.