JPH05117700A - Spray-dried powder and preparation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make a spray-dried detergent powder contain smaller amount of phosphate, especially sodium tripolyphosphate, as compared with conventional one, effective for environmental protection, and to improve crisp and free flowability.

CONSTITUTION: The powdered detergent composition which contains more than 20 wt.% of a synthetic anionic detergent active compound and 16 wt.% or less of a phosphate detergent builder or does not contain phosphate detergent builder at all and a nonionic surfactant. The composition is characterized by additionally containing 3-15 wt.% of bentonite.

COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a detergent powder and a method for producing the same. Sodium tripolyphosphate, a very effective detergent builder, is becoming increasingly expensive and is also the target of legislation for environmental protection. For these reasons, there is a recent transition to detergent powders containing smaller amounts of phosphate, especially sodium tripolyphosphate, than used 10 years ago. One of the difficulties inherent in such detergent powders containing only small amounts of sodium tripolyphosphate is that it is difficult to prepare crisp free flowing powders by conventional spray drying methods. This problem is exacerbated when a relatively high proportion of detergent active compounds is present. We have found that a crisp free-flowing spray-dried detergent powder is prepared from an aqueous detergent slurry containing a relatively low amount of sodium tripolyphosphate and a relatively high amount of detergent active compound when bentonite or kaolin is included in the slurry. I have found what I can do. Bentonite, a colloidal clay formed by weathering of volcanic ash, has been suggested for detergent composition compositions. It has detergent properties and has therefore been suggested as a co-detergent active compound in times of oil and lipid deficiency.
See also “Surface” by Schwarz and Perry.
Active Agents "states that they are used as inorganic builders and fillers in the standard practice of detergents, and more recently US Pat. No. 3,849,3.
No. 27, it is proposed to form an additive of a liquid nonionic surfactant. British Patent No. 1,485,316
Some of the examples in the publication also include bentonite, although they do not state what its purpose is. Kaolin,
Alternatively, China clay is essentially a hydrated aluminum silicate. Its use in detergent compositions, as well as bentonite, is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,983,07.
No. 8 and No. 4,166,039 and are treated as equivalent to bentonite in these patent specifications. According to the present invention, anionic detergent active compounds are included in an amount of greater than about 20% by weight, 16
A crisp free-flowing powder detergent composition containing less than or equal to 5% by weight of phosphate builder or no phosphate detergent builder and no nonionic surfactant.
Provided is a detergent composition characterized in that it comprises 5% by weight of bentonite or kaolin. In a second aspect, the invention comprises an anionic detergent active compound in an amount greater than 13% by weight and less than 11% by weight of a phosphate detergent builder, or no phosphate detergent builder, from 2 to 10%. A method of making a crisp free-flowing powder detergent composition comprising forming an aqueous slurry containing wt% bentonite or kaolin and spray-drying it. Bentonite is clay in nature and has a lattice structure containing exchangeable cations. Preference is given to using bentonites whose exchange cations are sodium and / or calcium. The nature of the anionic detergent active compounds is not critical. The compound may be any surface-active substance suitable for use in detergent formulations. Examples of such substances are primary and secondary alkyl sulphates, secondary alkane sulphonates, olefin sulphonates and alkylaryl sulphonates, especially the sodium salts of these compounds. Mixtures of these compounds can be used as well, but mixtures of anionic detergent active compounds and nonionic surfactants are excluded from the scope of the invention. As already mentioned, the anionic detergent-active compounds should be present in the detergent compositions according to the invention in an amount greater than about 20% by weight of the composition, preferably about 20-30% by weight. Compositions containing less than about 20% anionic detergent active compounds have poor detergency at low temperatures in the absence of large amounts of phosphate, and compositions containing greater than about 30% anionic detergent active ingredients. Objects are difficult to process and too expensive to survive commercially. Although the nature of the detergent builder is not critical, it is preferred to use a relatively efficient builder component, as there is no large amount of phosphate present. The maximum amount of phosphate, whether present as orthophosphate, pyrophosphate or tripolyphosphate, is 20% by weight of the composition. This is because when a larger amount of phosphate is used, a satisfactory spray-dried powder can be prepared without using bentonite. And the invention is particularly directed to detergent compositions as described above which contain up to 16% by weight of phosphate builder or are free of phosphate builder. As long as this limitation is met, builders include any compound suitable for use as a detergent builder. Examples of these are alkali metal carbonates, especially sodium carbonate, alkali metal amine carboxylates, such as sodium nitrilotriacetate and sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, alkali metal ether carboxylates, such as sodium oxydiasate, sodium carboxymethyloxylate. Cucinate, sodium carboxymethyloxymalonate and its analogues, alkali metal citrates, alkali metal mellitates and salts of polymeric carboxylic acids such as sodium polymaleate, copolyethylene maleate, polyitaconate and polyacrylate. included. When sodium carbonate is used as a detergent builder, it is advantageous to have some calcium carbonate present with a surface area of at least about 10 m ² / g, as described in British Patent 1,437,950. Another other detergent builder that can be used alone or as a mixture with other builders is a cation exchange material,
In particular, sodium aluminosilicates as described in British Patent 1,429,143 or Dutch Patent Application 77,403,381. Preferred materials of this type have the formula _{(Na 2 O) 0.7-1.1 · Al} 2 O 3 (SiO 2) 1.3-3.3, and usually about depending on the drying conditions used 10
Amorphous or crystalline with bound water in an amount of -30%. Such sodium aluminosilicate material is
Of course, it should be very finely ground to minimize deposition on the fabric during washing. The total amount of detergent builder used in the composition as a whole is about 10% of the normal composition.
% To about 60% by weight, preferably about 15 to about 5
0%, and the weight ratio of detergent builder to detergent active compound used is generally from about 3: 1 to about 1: 2 parts by weight. The detergent compositions of the present invention may also include additives in amounts normally used in detergent compositions. Examples of these additives are foam control agents, anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, oxygen releasing bleaches such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors such as tetraacetylethylenediamine, chlorine releasing bleach. For example, alkali metal salts of trichloroisocyanuric acid and dichloroisocyanuric acid, fabric softeners such as quaternary ammonium salts, anti-ash aids, starches, slurry stabilizers such as copolyethylene maleic anhydride and copolyvinyl methyl ether- Maleic anhydride, inorganic salts in the form of common salts such as sodium silicate and sodium sulphate and fluorescent agents usually present in very small amounts,
Includes perfumes, enzymes such as proteases and amylases, bactericides and colorants. This detergent composition is usually alkaline p
H, generally having a pH in the range of 9-11, which is achieved by the presence of alkaline salts, particularly preferably sodium silicates such as meta-, neutral or alkaline silicates in amounts of up to about 15% by weight. The invention is illustrated by the following examples, in which parts and% are by weight unless otherwise stated. Example 1 Three slurries were spray dried. (The weight% shown is in the detergent composition after spray drying. The same shall apply hereinafter.)

[Table 1] The flow rate of each of the resulting powders was measured by standard techniques.
The results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 In a second experiment, three more slurries were prepared and spray dried.

[Table 2] The resulting spray dried powder was packaged in a non-laminated cardboard carton and stored at a temperature of 28 ° C and 70% relative humidity. After a storage period of 4 weeks, the carton was opened and the powder conditions tested. Powder D caked almost entirely and felt very soft. Powder F becomes crisp with little or no cake formation, and Powder E
Became half cake-like. Example 3 In a third experiment, four more slurries were prepared and spray dried.

[Table 3] Spray dried powder H containing bentonite or kaolin,
I and J became crisper than the control powder G. In the test for measuring the stickiness of the powder, each sample was sequentially placed in a cylindrical container having a removable side wall. The powder was compressed by applying weight on the surface of the column, and then the weight and sidewalls of the container were removed leaving a free-standing column of powder. Weight was then placed on the powder column until rupture occurred. The results are shown in the table. Powder G accepts high loads,
The control powder without either kaolin or bentonite showed powder stickiness. Powder Adhesion Value (kg) G 5.0 H 2.0 I 1.0 J 3.0 The increased crispness or lack of tackiness of the powder of the present invention is apparent from the table. Example 4 Three more slurries were prepared and spray dried.

[Table 4] The resulting spray dried powder was packaged in a non-laminated cardboard carton and stored at a temperature of 28 ° C and 70% relative humidity. After a storage period of 4 weeks, the carton was opened and the powder conditions tested. The powder K became a cake in the middle. Powder L
Hardly caked, and Powder M caked only traces. The above examples show the flowability and cake-forming advantages that result from the use of bentonite according to the invention.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Raymond Jiyon Wild Mercyside, England, Spital, Vanderville Avenyu 22

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A synthetic anionic detergent active compound in an amount of greater than 20% by weight, with up to 16% by weight of a phosphate detergent builder or no phosphate detergent builder,
A detergent composition containing no nonionic surfactant, the detergent composition further comprising 3 to 15% by weight of bentonite. 2. A detergent composition according to claim 1 containing 20 to 30% by weight of synthetic anionic detergent active compounds. 3. A synthetic anionic detergent active compound in an amount of greater than 13% by weight, with less than 11% by weight of a phosphate detergent builder or no phosphate detergent builder,
Detergent of 16% by weight or less of phosphate, comprising greater than 20% by weight of synthetic anionic detergent active compound, which comprises forming an aqueous slurry containing 2-10% by weight of bentonite and spray drying it. Method for producing a spray-dried crisp free-flowing powder detergent composition containing no builder or phosphate detergent builder, 3 to 15% by weight bentonite and no nonionic surfactant. .. 4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the slurry contains 13 to 20% by weight of synthetic anionic detergent active compounds.