JPH05115724A - Filter for molten light metal - Google Patents
Filter for molten light metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05115724A JPH05115724A JP4100361A JP10036192A JPH05115724A JP H05115724 A JPH05115724 A JP H05115724A JP 4100361 A JP4100361 A JP 4100361A JP 10036192 A JP10036192 A JP 10036192A JP H05115724 A JPH05115724 A JP H05115724A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- silica
- phosphate glass
- foam
- alkali phosphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001247 Reticulated foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940038485 disodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- -1 silicophosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001460678 Napo <wasp> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002694 phosphate binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
- B21B1/095—U-or channel sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
- B21D5/08—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B1/4107—Longitudinal elements having an open profile, with the opening parallel to the concrete or masonry surface, i.e. anchoring rails
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/045—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates specially adapted for fastening in channels, e.g. sliding bolts, channel nuts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Structure Of Receivers (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
- Shearing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】この発明は、軽金属濾過用のフィルターに
関するものであり、この場合の軽金属とは、アルミニウ
ム、マグネシウム、これら２つの金属の合金、及びこれ
ら金属のうちの１つ又は２つの金属と他の金属との合金
であって、その合金中ではアルミニウム及び／又はマグ
ネシウムが大半を占めている合金を指している。とく
に、この発明は、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金の
重力金型鋳造用の金型に使用される、比較的小形のフィ
ルターに関するものである。The present invention relates to a filter for light metal filtration, wherein the light metal is aluminum, magnesium, an alloy of these two metals, and one or two of these metals and another metal. It refers to an alloy with a metal, in which aluminum and / or magnesium predominates. In particular, the present invention relates to a relatively small filter used in a mold for gravity mold casting of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
【０００２】溶融された軽金属を濾過するのに、開放気
孔型(open-cell) のセラミック発泡体(foam)を使用する
ことは、よく知られている。そのようなセラミック発泡
体製のフィルターは、有機質発泡体、普通はポリウレタ
ン発泡体に、フィルターを構成すべき材料と結合剤とが
含まれた水性スラリを含浸させ、過剰のスラリを除去
し、乾燥して水を除き、乾燥含浸発泡体を焼成し、有機
質発泡体を焼失させて、セラミック発泡体とすることに
よって一般に作られている。The use of open-cell ceramic foam to filter molten light metals is well known. Filters made of such ceramic foams are obtained by impregnating an organic foam, usually a polyurethane foam, with an aqueous slurry containing the material to be the filter and the binder, removing excess slurry and drying. It is generally made by removing the water and then firing the dry impregnated foam to burn off the organic foam into a ceramic foam.
【０００３】上記の製造方法を使用して、所望の形と大
きさとを持った個々のフィルターを作り、又はその代わ
りに大きなセラミック発泡体を作って切断又は機械加工
をし、個々のフィルターを作ることができる。この２つ
の製造方法は、何れも欠点を持っている。Using the above manufacturing method, individual filters of desired shape and size are made, or alternatively large ceramic foams are made and cut or machined to make individual filters. be able to. Both of these two manufacturing methods have drawbacks.
【０００４】或る呼び寸法の個々のフィルターを、同様
な呼び寸法の有機質発泡体から直接に作る場合には、そ
の寸法上のバラツキは、使用時に，とくにアルミニウム
及びその合金の金型重力鋳造において、フィルターが金
型の窪みに挿入されるときに、問題を起こす。大き過ぎ
るフィルターは窪みに入れることができないために使用
できないから、窪みの大きさに対して僅かに小さいよう
にことさら作ることによって、寸法上のバラツキを補う
ことが普通に行われている。その結果、フィルターの縁
と窪みの壁との間に小さな隙間が残り、金属がその隙間
に進入してフィルターの周りを通過するので、濾過効率
が低下する。フィルターが緩いと、金型が閉じられたと
きにフィルターの粉砕が起こり、これはフィルターから
出たセラミック材料の粒子をフィルターに通過させ、金
型内の鋳造キャビティ中へセラミック粒子を入れること
になり、従って結果として鋳物中に介在物を入れること
となる。When individual filters of a certain nominal size are made directly from organic foams of similar nominal size, the dimensional variation is in use, especially in die gravity casting of aluminum and its alloys. , Causes problems when the filter is inserted into the mold cavity. Since a filter that is too large cannot be used because it cannot be placed in the depression, it is common to compensate for the dimensional variation by making the filter slightly smaller than the size of the depression. As a result, a small gap remains between the edge of the filter and the wall of the depression, and the metal enters the gap and passes around the filter, reducing the filtration efficiency. Loose filters cause filter crushing when the mold is closed, which allows the particles of ceramic material exiting the filter to pass through the filter and place the ceramic particles in the casting cavity in the mold. Therefore, as a result, inclusions are included in the casting.
【０００５】大きなセラミック発泡体から切断又は機械
加工によって個々のフィルターを作るときは、従来のフ
ィルターを構成して来た材料の性質のために、製造コス
トが高く、生産効率が低くなる。材料が脆いために、発
泡体を切断し又は機械加工をするときに、発泡体がひび
割れしやすい。When individual filters are made from large ceramic foams by cutting or machining, the cost of production and the inefficiency of production are high due to the nature of the materials from which conventional filters are constructed. Due to the brittleness of the material, the foam is prone to cracking when it is cut or machined.
【０００６】発泡体が特定の組成を持つと、大きな発泡
体から個々のフィルターを作ることによって、上記の問
題が解決できることが見出された。It has been found that the above problems can be solved by making individual filters out of large foams when the foam has a specific composition.
【０００７】この発明によると、黒鉛、珪灰石、シリカ
及び燐酸アルカリガラスを含んだ組成の網状発泡体から
成る、溶融軽金属濾過用フィルターが提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided a molten light metal filtration filter comprising a reticulated foam having a composition containing graphite, wollastonite, silica and alkali phosphate glass.
【０００８】この網状発泡体は、２０−８０重量％の黒
鉛、１−１０重量％の珪灰石、１−２０重量％のシリ
カ、及び３５０−５００℃の融点を持った１−１０重量
％の燐酸アルカリガラスを含んでいることが好ましい。
このフィルターを作るのに用いられるシリカは、非常に
微細な粒子のシリカで、例えばフュームドシリカ(fumed
silica)又はコロイド状シリカでなければならない。This reticulated foam contains 20-80% by weight graphite, 1-10% by weight wollastonite, 1-20% by weight silica, and 1-10% by weight with a melting point of 350-500 ° C. It is preferable to contain an alkali phosphate glass.
The silica used to make this filter is a very fine particle of silica, such as fumed silica.
silica) or colloidal silica.
【０００９】この発明に係るフィルターは、ポリウレタ
ンフォームのような網状の有機質発泡体に黒鉛、珪灰
石、シリカ、燐酸アルカリガラス及び結合剤が含まれた
水性スラリを含浸させ、（例えば含浸した有機質発泡体
を搾ることによって）過剰のスラリを取り除き、含浸有
機物発泡体を乾燥し焼成し、その後こうして得られた無
機質発泡体を切断又は機械加工をして、必要な形と大き
さの小片にすることによって製造される。In the filter according to the present invention, a reticulated organic foam such as polyurethane foam is impregnated with an aqueous slurry containing graphite, wollastonite, silica, alkali phosphate glass and a binder (for example, impregnated organic foam). Removing excess slurry (by squeezing the body), drying and firing the impregnated organic foam, and then cutting or machining the inorganic foam thus obtained into pieces of the required shape and size. Manufactured by.
【００１０】燐酸アルカリガラスは、７５０℃以下の融
点を持つことが好ましく、３５０℃から５００℃の範囲
内の融点を持つことがさらに好ましい。The alkali phosphate glass preferably has a melting point of 750 ° C. or lower, more preferably 350 to 500 ° C.
【００１１】燐酸アルカリガラスは、例えばピロ燐酸二
ナトリウム（融点６５０℃）又はグレアム塩（ＮａＰＯ
3)x のようなピロ燐酸ナトリウムであってもよく、グレ
アム塩はヘキサメタホスフェートとも呼ばれて、６２８
℃の融点を持つものである。カルゴンの名前で市販され
ている一種のグレアム塩は、１対１のＮａ2 Ｏ対Ｐ2 Ｏ
5 比と１５−２０の重合度を持っている。６−８及び１
２−１４の重合度を持った他のグレアム塩もまた市販さ
れている。酸化ナトリウムと酸化カリウムとの両者と、
少量の酸化硼素とを含んだ燐酸アルカリガラスをも用い
ることができ、５５−６５重量％のＰ2 Ｏ5 と、１９−
２３重量％のＮａ2 Ｏと、６．０−８．５重量％のＫ2
Ｏと２．０−３．５重量％のＢ2Ｏ3 とを含んだガラス
で、融点が４００℃のオーダーのものがとくに好まし
い。Alkali phosphate glass is, for example, disodium pyrophosphate (melting point 650 ° C.) or Graham salt (NaPO 4).
3 ) x may be sodium pyrophosphate, such as x , and the Graham salt is also called hexametaphosphate, 628
It has a melting point of ° C. One type of Graham salt marketed under the name Calgon is 1: 1 Na 2 O to P 2 O.
It has a 5 ratio and a polymerization degree of 15-20. 6-8 and 1
Other Graham salts with a degree of polymerization of 2-14 are also commercially available. Both sodium oxide and potassium oxide,
Alkali phosphate glass containing a small amount of boron oxide can also be used, with 55-65 wt.% P 2 O 5 and 19-
23 wt% Na 2 O and 6.0-8.5 wt% K 2
A glass containing O and 2.0-3.5% by weight of B 2 O 3 and having a melting point on the order of 400 ° C. is particularly preferable.
【００１２】フィルターを作るのに適当な結合剤は、モ
ノアルミニウムオルソホスフェート、ソジウムシリケー
ト、シリカゾル、シリコホスフェート、及びハイアルミ
ナセメントのようなセメントを含んでいる。モノアルミ
ニウムオルソホスフェートが好ましく、５−３０重量％
の量で用いられるのが普通である。Suitable binders for making filters include cements such as monoaluminum orthophosphate, sodium silicate, silica sol, silicophosphate, and high alumina cement. Monoaluminum orthophosphate is preferred, 5-30% by weight
Is usually used in an amount of.
【００１３】フィルターを作るのに用いられるスラリ
は、有機質発泡体の含浸時におけるスラリの使用上の特
性を改善するために、添加剤を含んでいてもよい。その
ような添加剤の例は、流動性改良剤(rheological agent
s)例えば有機質濃化剤(organicthickening agents) 又
はチタニア、湿潤剤及び消泡剤である。The slurry used to make the filter may include additives to improve the use characteristics of the slurry during impregnation of the organic foam. Examples of such additives include rheological agents.
s) Organic thickening agents or titanias, wetting agents and defoamers.
【００１４】流動性改良剤、湿潤剤又は消泡剤が用いら
れるときには、その量は０．１−２．０重量％のオーダ
ーであるのが普通である。When a flow improver, wetting agent or defoamer is used, its amount is usually on the order of 0.1-2.0% by weight.
【００１５】含浸された有機質発泡体を焼成するときに
は、特別の予備措置を講じるのでなければ、焼成温度は
８００℃を越えないことが望ましく、そうしないと黒鉛
の過剰な酸化が起こる。焼成温度は６００℃−８００℃
の範囲内にあるのが普通である。When firing impregnated organic foams, it is desirable that the firing temperature does not exceed 800 ° C., unless special precautions are taken, or excessive oxidation of the graphite will occur. Baking temperature is 600 ℃ -800 ℃
It is usually within the range of.
【００１６】珪灰石の存在は、珪灰石を含んでいない同
様な黒鉛を基材とするフィルターよりも、堅くて強いフ
ィルターを生じさせる。さらに、フィルターが燐酸塩結
合剤によって成形されると、黒鉛を基材にし燐酸塩で結
合されたフィルターが大気から湿気を吸収する傾向を珪
灰石が押さえる。The presence of wollastonite produces a stiffer and stronger filter than a similar graphite-based filter without wollastonite. Furthermore, when the filter is molded with a phosphate binder, wollastonite reduces the tendency of the graphite-based phosphate-bonded filter to absorb moisture from the atmosphere.
【００１７】かどが砕けやすい傾向を少なくし、強度を
改善して取扱いを容易にするために、この発明の好まし
い実施態様では、大きなフィルターの外面を黒鉛と結合
剤とから成る組成物で被覆する。フィルターを乾燥した
のち、黒鉛とモノアルミニウムオルソホスフェートのよ
うな結合剤とが含まれた水性組成物で、例えば乾燥され
たフィルター上にこの組成物をスプレーしてフィルター
を被覆し、その後フィルターを加熱して被覆物を乾燥
し、最後に焼成する。焼成された大きなフィルターをそ
の後機械加工して、必要な大きさの小さなフィルターを
作る。In order to reduce the tendency of the corners to crumble, improve strength and facilitate handling, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the large filter is coated with a composition of graphite and a binder. .. After drying the filter, an aqueous composition containing graphite and a binder such as monoaluminum orthophosphate is used to coat the filter, for example by spraying the composition onto the dried filter and then heating the filter. The coating is dried and finally calcined. The large fired filter is then machined to make a smaller filter of the required size.
【００１８】この発明に係るフィルターは、セラミック
発泡体のフィルターに比べると、低い密度を持ってい
る。その真の密度は２．０−２．３ｇ／ｃｍ3 の範囲内
にあって、その見掛け密度は１．５−１．８５ｇ／ｃｍ
3 の範囲内にある。The filter according to the present invention has a lower density than that of a ceramic foam filter. Its true density is in the range of 2.0-2.3 g / cm 3 and its apparent density is 1.5-1.85 g / cm.
Within the range of 3 .
【００１９】このフィルターはまた非常に硬度が低く、
モースの硬度計で０から１のオーダーであり、硬度が低
いためにそのフィルターの材料は、機械や切断機を傷め
ないで機械加工又は切断することができ、従って正確な
大きさのフィルターを容易に作ることができる。This filter also has a very low hardness,
Mohs' hardness scale is on the order of 0 to 1, and because of its low hardness, the material of the filter can be machined or cut without damaging the machine or cutting machine, thus facilitating accurate size filters. Can be made into
【００２０】フィルターの寸法を正確に制御することが
できるので、フィルターを金型の窪み内に設置すること
ができ、金型を閉じたときにフィルターを押し潰さない
でおくことができ、従ってフィルターが窪み内に正確に
収まっているので、溶融金属はフィルターの横を通らな
い。従って、金属の濾過が効果的となる。Since the dimensions of the filter can be precisely controlled, the filter can be installed in the cavity of the mold and the filter can be kept uncrushed when the mold is closed, thus The molten metal does not pass by the filter because it fits exactly inside the depression. Therefore, the filtration of metal becomes effective.
【００２１】このフィルターは、鋳型内で鋳物近くの堰
に設置することができる。その理由は、堰が鋳物から切
除されるときに、切断器具とフィルターとの間で接触が
あっても、その接触が切断器具の過度の消耗を惹き起こ
さないからである。This filter can be installed in the mold at a weir near the casting. The reason is that, when the weir is cut from the casting, even if there is contact between the cutting instrument and the filter, the contact does not cause excessive wear of the cutting instrument.
【００２２】車輪鋳物の製造では、フィルターを湯口ブ
ッシュ内に設置することができるので、車輪の鋳造生産
における従来の慣行のように、鋳物から湯口に孔をあけ
て取り出すことができる。セラミック発泡体のフィルタ
ーが用いられるときには、フィルターを含んだ湯口の第
１部分を切断し、次いで湯口の残りの部分を孔をあけて
取り出すことが必要である。In the manufacture of wheel castings, the filter can be installed in the sprue bushing so that the sprue can be punched out of the casting, as is conventional practice in wheel casting production. When a ceramic foam filter is used, it is necessary to cut the first part of the sprue containing the filter and then punch out the remaining part of the sprue.
【００２３】鋳物工場は、フィルターを含んだ堰、湯口
等を再溶解時に溶湯汚染なく再使用することができる。
その理由は、フィルター及びフィルター材料の小片又は
粒子があっても、それらは溶融金属の表面へ浮上して来
て、容易に取り除くことができるからである。従って、
フィルターを含んでいる鋳物金属を再使用することがで
きなかったために、これまでフィルターの使用が普及し
なかった大容量の自動車用鋳物の製造に、このフィルタ
ーはとくに有用である。The foundry can reuse the weir, the sprue, etc., including the filter, without contaminating the molten metal when remelting.
The reason is that even if there are small pieces or particles of the filter and filter material, they will float to the surface of the molten metal and can be easily removed. Therefore,
This filter is particularly useful in the manufacture of high volume automotive castings where the use of filters has heretofore not been prevalent due to the inability to reuse the casting metal containing the filter.
【００２４】次の実施例はこの発明を具体的に説明する
のに役立つものである。The following examples serve to illustrate the invention.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例１】重量で下記組成の水性スラリを使用して網
状発泡体のフィルターを作った。 黒鉛 ２６．１％ 珪灰石 ３．３％ フュームド（fumed ) シリカ ７．８％ この発明で規定する燐酸アルカリガラス ８．２％ （５０％Ｗ／Ｗ溶液）チタニア ０．２％ モノアルミニウムオルソホスフェート ５２．２％ （５０％Ｗ／Ｗ溶液）湿潤剤 １．１％ 消泡剤 １．１％Example 1 A reticulated foam filter was made using an aqueous slurry having the following composition by weight. Graphite 26.1% Wollastonite 3.3% fumed silica 7.8% Alkaline phosphate glass specified in this invention 8.2% (50% W / W solution) Titania 0.2% Monoaluminum orthophosphate 52 0.2% (50% W / W solution) Wetting agent 1.1% Defoaming agent 1.1%
【００２６】上記の燐酸アルカリガラスは、酸化ナトリ
ウムと酸化カリウムとの両者と、酸化硼素を含んでお
り、４００℃の融点を持つものであった。The above alkali phosphate glass contained both sodium oxide and potassium oxide and boron oxide, and had a melting point of 400 ° C.
【００２７】大きな網状ポリウレタン発泡体に上記スラ
リを含浸させ、発泡体を絞って過剰のスラリを取り除
き、その後８０℃で１時間及び１５０℃で３０分間乾燥
し、最後に７００℃で１時間焼成した。A large reticulated polyurethane foam was impregnated with the above slurry, the foam was squeezed to remove excess slurry, then dried at 80 ° C. for 1 hour and 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, and finally calcined at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. ..
【００２８】その後こうして得られた大きなフィルター
材料から個々のフィルターを切り出し、そのフィルター
を溶融アルミニウムを濾過するのに使用した。Individual filters were then cut from the large filter material thus obtained and the filters were used to filter molten aluminum.
【００２９】約１０００個の既に使用したフィルター
と、アルミニウムリターン材とを傾斜炉床連続溶融炉の
中に入れ、アルミニウムを再溶融し７５０℃に加熱し
た。再溶融の間は融剤を使用しなかった。フィルターは
溶融アルミニウムの表面へ浮上し、表面に形成されたド
ロスとなって除かれた。溶湯汚染の形跡がないので、そ
の溶湯はその後さらに鋳物を作るのに使用された。作ら
れた鋳物は良い品質のもので、フィルター粒子による介
在物を含んでいなかった。About 1000 already used filters and aluminum return material were placed in a gradient hearth continuous melting furnace to remelt the aluminum and heat it to 750 ° C. No flux was used during remelting. The filter floated to the surface of the molten aluminum and was removed as dross formed on the surface. The melt was then used to make further castings, since there was no evidence of melt contamination. The castings made were of good quality and contained no inclusions of filter particles.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例２】実施例１のフィルターと同じ組成で、実施
例１と同じ方法によって作られた使用ずみのフィルター
約１０００個を、アルミニウムリターン材とともに５ト
ンの化石燃料溶融炉に入れ、アルミニウムを再溶解し
た。従来の溶解及び除滓用融剤を用いると、フィルター
は溶融アルミニウムの表面に浮上して来たので、ドロス
とともに掬い取った。再溶融アルミニウムから作った鋳
物には、フィルター材料による介在物のために、拒絶さ
れたものは１つもなかった。Example 2 About 1000 used filters having the same composition as the filter of Example 1 and produced by the same method as in Example 1 were put in a 5 ton fossil fuel melting furnace together with an aluminum return material, and aluminum was added. Redissolved. When the conventional melting and slag removing flux was used, the filter floated on the surface of the molten aluminum and was scooped with the dross. None of the castings made from remelted aluminum were rejected due to inclusions by the filter material.
【００３１】[0031]
【実施例３】車輪の鋳物を作る低圧鋳造機の湯口ブッシ
ュの中に窪みを作り、実施例１のフィルターと同じ組成
で実施例１に記載した方法で作られた直径が４０ｍｍの
フィルターを挿入した。７２０℃で鋳込んだアルミニウ
ム・シリコン共晶合金で、１つの車輪ごとに１つのフィ
ルターを使って、重量約７．５Ｋｇの車輪を作った。フ
ィルターを含んだ湯口を車輪から取り出し再溶解のため
に集めた。良質の鋳物車輪が作られ、孔あけ時の消耗増
加の報告がなかった。その後湯口を再溶解し、湯口に含
まれているフィルター粒子をドロスとともに溶湯表面か
ら取り除いた。[Example 3] Making a casting of a wheel An indentation was made in a gate bush of a low-pressure casting machine, and a filter having the same composition as the filter of Example 1 and having a diameter of 40 mm made by the method described in Example 1 was inserted. did. Wheels weighing approximately 7.5 kg were made from aluminum-silicon eutectic alloy cast at 720 ° C, with one filter per wheel. The sprue containing the filter was removed from the wheel and collected for redissolution. Good quality cast wheels were made and there were no reports of increased wear during drilling. After that, the gate was redissolved, and the filter particles contained in the gate were removed from the surface of the melt together with the dross.
【００３２】[0032]
【実施例４】湯道内に設置した５０ｍｍ×１００ｍｍの
フィルターを通って、砂型内へナトリウムにより改良さ
れた７％シリコンアルミニウム合金を鋳込むことによっ
て、上記合金で総重量が約６Ｋｇのマニホールド鋳物を
２個作った。そのフィルターは実施例１のフィルターと
同じ組成のもので、同じ方法で作ったものである。良質
の鋳物が得られた。使用したフィルターは、再使用金属
及び同じ方法で使用した他のフィルターとともに再溶解
炉へ入れた。リターン材の再溶解時に、フィルターは溶
湯表面に上昇して来たのでドロスとともに掬い取ること
ができた。Example 4 A 7% silicon-aluminum alloy modified with sodium was cast into a sand mold through a 50 mm × 100 mm filter installed in a runner to form a manifold casting of the above alloy with a total weight of about 6 kg. I made two. The filter has the same composition as the filter of Example 1 and was made by the same method. A good quality casting was obtained. The filter used was placed in a remelting furnace with the reused metal and other filters used in the same way. When the return material was redissolved, the filter rose to the surface of the molten metal so that it could be scooped with the dross.
【００３３】[0033]
【実施例５】実施例１に記載した水性スラリ組成物と操
作とを使用して、大きな網状発泡体のフィルターを作っ
た。乾燥後に回転円板上でそのフィルターを回転させ、
下記のものを下記重量割合で含んだ被覆用組成物をスプ
レーした。 黒鉛 ２２．５％ ヒュームドシリカ（fumed silica) ９．５％ 湿潤剤 ０．５％ モノアルミニウムオルソホスフェート ５４．１％ （５０％Ｗ／Ｗ溶液） 水 １３．４％Example 5 A large reticulated foam filter was made using the aqueous slurry composition and procedure described in Example 1. After drying, rotate the filter on a rotating disc,
A coating composition containing the following in the following weight proportions was sprayed: Graphite 22.5% fumed silica 9.5% Wetting agent 0.5% Monoaluminum orthophosphate 54.1% (50% W / W solution) Water 13.4%
【００３４】被覆されたフィルターを１２０℃で３０分
間乾燥し、最初の被覆操作のときに下側にあった部分を
被覆するためにひっくり返して、その後被覆操作を繰り
返した。再び１２０℃で３０分間乾燥したのち、フィル
ターを７００℃で１時間焼成し、その後切断して個々の
フィルターを作った。The coated filter was dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, turned upside down to coat the parts that were on the underside during the first coating operation, and then the coating operation was repeated. After drying again at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, the filters were fired at 700 ° C. for 1 hour and then cut into individual filters.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 ラインハルト・ストエツツエル ドイツ連邦共和国、デイー4280、ボルケ ン、ノンネンフエツトバイデ、20 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Reinhard Stoetzel, Federal Republic of Germany, Day 4280, Volken, Nonnen Fettbeide, 20
Claims (10)
ガラスを含んだ組成物で、網状発泡体を作ることを特徴
とする、網状発泡体から成る溶融軽金属濾過用フィルタ
ー。1. A filter for molten light metal filtration comprising a reticulated foam, wherein the reticulated foam is made from a composition containing graphite, wollastonite, silica and alkali phosphate glass.
１−１０重量％の珪灰石、１−２０重量％のシリカ、及
び１−１０重量％の燐酸アルカリガラスを含んでいるこ
とを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項に記載するフィ
ルター。2. A graphite having a reticulated foam content of 20-80% by weight,
Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises 1-10% by weight wollastonite, 1-20% by weight silica and 1-10% by weight alkali phosphate glass.
点を持っていることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１
項又は第２項に記載するフィルター。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alkali phosphate glass has a melting point of 750 ° C. or lower.
The filter according to item or item 2.
０℃までの融点を持っていることを特徴とする、特許請
求の範囲第３項に記載するフィルター。4. An alkali phosphate glass containing 350 ° C. to 50 ° C.
The filter according to claim 3, which has a melting point of up to 0 ° C.
ウム又はポリ燐酸ナトリウムであることを特徴とする、
特許請求の範囲第１−４項の何れか１つの項に記載する
フィルター。5. The alkali glass phosphate is disodium pyrophosphate or sodium polyphosphate,
The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
酸化カリウムと、さらに少量の酸化硼素とを含むことを
特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１−４項の何れか１つの
項に記載するフィルター。6. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the alkali phosphate glass contains sodium oxide, potassium oxide and a small amount of boron oxide.
のＰ2 Ｏ5 、１９−２３重量％のＮａ2 Ｏ、６．０−
８．５重量％のＫ2 Ｏ、及び２．０−３．５重量％のＢ
2 Ｏ3 を含んでいることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲
第６項に記載するフィルター。7. 55-65% by weight of alkali phosphate glass
Of P 2 O 5, 19-23 wt% of Na 2 O, 6.0-
8.5 wt% K 2 O, and 2.0-3.5 wt% B
A filter according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises 2 O 3 .
が、ヒュームドシリカ又はコロイド状シリカであること
を特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１−７項の何れか１つ
の項に記載するフィルター。8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the silica used to make the reticulated foam is fumed silica or colloidal silica. filter.
ホスフェート、ソジウムシリケート、シリカゾル、シリ
コホスフェート、及びセメントから選ばれた結合剤を含
むことを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１−８項の何れ
か１つの項に記載するフィルター。9. A reticulated foam comprising a binder selected from monoaluminum orthophosphate, sodium silicate, silica sol, silicophosphate, and cement, according to claim 1-8. The filter according to any one of the items.
含んだ組成物で被覆されていることを特徴とする、特許
請求の範囲第１−９項の何れか１つの項に記載するフィ
ルター。10. A filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the filter is coated with a composition containing graphite and a binder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9107233.1 | 1991-04-05 | ||
| GB9107233A GB2255297B (en) | 1991-04-05 | 1991-04-05 | A channel,manufacture of the channel and fastener for the use with the channel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05115724A true JPH05115724A (en) | 1993-05-14 |
Family
ID=10692737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4100361A Withdrawn JPH05115724A (en) | 1991-04-05 | 1992-03-25 | Filter for molten light metal |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0507296B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05115724A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE127369T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69204513T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2076599T3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2255297B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002178137A (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-25 | Tokyo Yogyo Co Ltd | Aluminum melting and holding furnace |
| JP2013529167A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-07-18 | ▲濟▼南▲聖▼泉倍▲進▼陶瓷▲過▼▲濾▼器有限公司 | Filter used for filtering molten metal and method for producing the same |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19512414A1 (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-10 | Hilti Ag | Process for the production of a profile rail |
| IT243879Y1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2002-03-06 | Gia Srl | METAL MECHANICAL FIXING DEVICE WITH ACCESSORIES TO ITS PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR USE AS A STRUCTURAL ELEMENT |
| DE10219612B4 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2005-12-08 | Tillmann Profil Gmbh | Method for producing a rail with an internally arranged toothing and rail produced by this method |
| DE102019106923A1 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | Haz Metal Deutschland Gmbh | Anchor rail for anchoring in concrete |
| TWI723593B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-04-01 | 達霆精密工業有限公司 | Buckle body structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3877275A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1975-04-15 | Unistrut Corp | Cold roll reduction and forming method |
| GB2050549B (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1983-10-12 | Bicc Ltd | Anchoring nuts or screws |
| GB2061788B (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1983-05-18 | Bicc Ltd | Method of shaping metal sheet |
| DE8326978U1 (en) * | 1983-09-15 | 1984-01-12 | Schweizerische Aluminium AG, 3965 Chippis | FRAME FOR A CAR BOX |
| GB8327451D0 (en) * | 1983-10-13 | 1983-11-16 | Bicc Plc | Shaping metal |
| US4961553A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-10-09 | Todd George R | Support system for pipes and other loads |
-
1991
- 1991-04-05 GB GB9107233A patent/GB2255297B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-03-25 JP JP4100361A patent/JPH05115724A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-02 ES ES92105691T patent/ES2076599T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-02 EP EP92105691A patent/EP0507296B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-02 AT AT92105691T patent/ATE127369T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-04-02 DE DE69204513T patent/DE69204513T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002178137A (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-25 | Tokyo Yogyo Co Ltd | Aluminum melting and holding furnace |
| JP2013529167A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-07-18 | ▲濟▼南▲聖▼泉倍▲進▼陶瓷▲過▼▲濾▼器有限公司 | Filter used for filtering molten metal and method for producing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2076599T3 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
| GB2255297A (en) | 1992-11-04 |
| DE69204513D1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
| EP0507296B1 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
| EP0507296A1 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
| GB2255297B (en) | 1995-01-04 |
| ATE127369T1 (en) | 1995-09-15 |
| DE69204513T2 (en) | 1996-02-08 |
| GB9107233D0 (en) | 1991-05-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Application deemed to be withdrawn because no request for examination was validly filed |
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