JPH0498085A - Drying method of grain - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain efficiently dried grain, containing even and uniform moisture, even when the grains are varied in the moisture content at the time of harvest by a method wherein air in a reserving tank is circulated to flow along the flow-down direction of the grains, which are dried in a drying section and are circulated into the reserving tank, then, are conducted to flow down through the reserving tank toward the drying section again. CONSTITUTION:The grains of a predetermined amount, which are varied in moisture content, are charged into a drying section 5 and a reserving tank 2. Subsequently, dry air is applied on the grains when they pass through the drying section 5 to dry them slightly and, thereafter, circulating and drying operations for circulating and sending back to the reserving tank 2 are repeated. During the circulating and drying operation, the grains containing low moisture are provided with moisture quickly by the contacting effect with the air circulated to flow through the reserving tank 2 while the grains containing high moisture are dried on the contrary by the same contacting effect with the air.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides a method for reducing the amount of water in a storage tank in the process of circulating and flowing the grain in a storage tank, even if the grain has a large variation in moisture content between the harvested grains. This is a grain drying method that allows grain to be dried while uniformizing grain moisture by exposing the grain to circulating and flowing air.

[Conventional technology] Conventionally, the difference between the highest moisture content and the lowest moisture content detected by a grain moisture content measuring device at an intermediate point between the start of drying operation and the end of drying has been determined by a predetermined value. When the above occurs, the drying operation is stopped for a predetermined period of time or the drying speed is reduced to dry the grains while uniformizing the moisture content, even if the grains have a large variation among grains at the time of harvest. A grain drying method that can be used is well known and was described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-47827, for example, before the present application.

C invention tries to solve! ! M] By the way, in the conventional grain drying method of this kind, the storage section in which the dried grains were stored was simply tempering the grains in a windless condition, so the detected moisture content was When the difference between the maximum moisture content and the minimum moisture content exceeds a predetermined value, even if you stop the drying operation for a predetermined period of time or reduce the drying speed, there will be no variation in moisture between grains at the end of drying. However, there was a problem in that it was not possible to dry the grains while making the moisture content uniform.

The present invention is designed to circulate and flow the air in the storage tank to circulated grains that are dried in the drying section, circulated to the storage tank, and then sequentially flow vertically into the storage tank again toward the drying section, or Part of the exhausted air that has been used for drying is circulated at high speeds, and the air circulating in the storage tank is mixed with intake outside air or heated and humidified mixed air is circulated to reduce grain moisture. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for drying grains that is uniformly dried.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, in the method for drying grains of the first invention, the grains are dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then flowed back into the storage tank toward the drying section. The air in the storage tank is circulated along the flow direction of the grain to dry it while uniformizing the moisture content of the grain.

In addition, in the grain drying method of the second invention, the circulating grain that is dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then flows vertically in the storage tank again toward the drying section, is dried in the drying section. A part of the exhaust air that has been provided as a grain is forcedly blown to the upper part of the storage tank from the ventilation chamber or the FII wind duct, and is distributed from the ventilation chamber or the ventilation chamber toward the ventilation duct while following the flow direction of the grain. After that, the grains are circulated again to the upper part of the storage tank and dried while trying to equalize the moisture content of the grains.

Further, in the grain drying method of the third invention, the grains are dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then flowed vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section again. In this method, a mixture of circulating air and inhaled outside air or heated and humidified mixed air is circulated along the flow direction of the grain to dry the grain while uniformizing the grain moisture content.

[Operation] In the grain drying method of the first invention, a predetermined amount of grain with moisture content varying between the grains is spread across a drying section and a storage tank.Next, the grain is passed through the drying section. At the same time, drying air is applied to dry the air to some extent, and then the air is circulated back to the storage tank, thereby repeating the circulation drying process.

By the way, during the above-mentioned circulation drying operation, the air in the storage tank is circulated through the storage tank along the flow direction of the grains, so the air is dried in the drying section, circulated to the storage tank, and then air is circulated through the storage tank. As the grains flow vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section again, low-moisture grains quickly absorb moisture due to contact with the air circulating in the storage tank, while high-moisture grains are dried. That will happen.

Therefore, even if the grain has uneven moisture content among the grains at the time of harvest, the moisture absorption and drying effects caused by contact with the circulating air are repeated each time the grain passes through the storage tank several times. The uniformity of grain moisture is promoted, and as a result, dried grains with uniform moisture content with little variation can be obtained.

In addition, in the grain drying method of the second invention, similarly to the method of the first invention, a predetermined amount of grain with varying moisture content among the grains is poured into a drying section and a storage tank, and then: As the grain passes through the drying section, it is exposed to drying air, and after drying it to some extent, the grain is circulated back to the storage tank, thereby repeating the circulation drying operation.

By the way, during the above-mentioned circulation drying operation, a part of the exhaust air that has been used for drying in the drying section is forcedly blown to the upper part of the storage tank from the ventilation chamber or the ventilation duct, and is distributed in the direction of grain flow. The grains are dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then flowed down the storage tank sequentially towards the drying section, all flowing in the same direction. Low-moisture grains quickly absorb moisture through contact with the exhaust air that circulates toward the grain.
Conversely, high moisture grains are dried.

Therefore, even if the grain has uneven moisture content among the grains at the time of harvest, the moisture absorption and drying effects due to contact with the circulating exhaust air will be repeated each time the grain passes through the storage tank several times. The uniformity of grain moisture is promoted, and dried grains with uniform moisture content with little variation can be obtained.

Further, in the grain drying method of the third invention, in the same manner as the method of the first invention, a predetermined amount of grain with moisture content varying between the grains is poured into a drying section and a storage tank. Drying air is applied to the grains as they pass through the drying section, and after the grains are somewhat dried, the circulation drying process is repeated in which the grains are circulated back to the storage tank.

By the way, during the above-mentioned circulation drying operation, mixed air of the air in the storage tank and intake outside air, or mixed air that has been heated and humidified, is circulated in the storage tank along the direction of grain flow. The grains are dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then flowed down the storage tank to the drying section one after another. Low-moisture grains are quickly moistened by contact with the mixed air, while high-moisture grains are allowed to dry, or when the outside temperature is low or drying in the drying area is delayed. The grains are quickly dried to the appropriate moisture content by the circulating heated mixed air, and the grains that have become overdried absorb moisture and are quickly and uniformly humidified to the appropriate moisture content.

Therefore, even if the grain has a large moisture content variation among the grains at the time of harvest, the drying is delayed, or the grain is overdried, the mixed air that circulates each time it passes through the storage tank several times. Alternatively, by repeating the drying action and moisture absorption action due to contact with heated and humidified air, uniformity of grain moisture is promoted, and dried grains having a uniform moisture content with little variation can be obtained.

[Example 〕 Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

What is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a grain dryer for carrying out the grain drying method according to the first invention,
Reference numeral 1 denotes a dryer main body that has a rectangular cylindrical shape that is long in the front and back direction.A storage tank 2 is disposed in the road half of the dryer main body 1, and an upper A dry air chamber 3 and a ventilation chamber 4 are provided, each of which has a larger width and length toward the lower part.

Between the dry air chamber 3 and the exhaust chamber 4, a plurality of rows of blower ducts 6 each having one end connected to the dry air chamber 3 and a plurality of rows of wind exhaust ducts each having one end connected to the exhaust chamber 4 are provided. Drying sections 5 are arranged alternately to form narrow drying passages 8 between both the ducts 6 and 7, and the upper end of the drying passages 8 is connected to the ml tank 2. ing. At the lower part of the drying section 5, there is provided a delivery section 1O formed by a chevron grain plate 9, and the lower end of the drying passage 8 is connected to the delivery section 10. 11 is a feeding roll mounted on a shaft so that it can be rotated intermittently or continuously on feeding 11+IO; 12 is a feeding roll that is
A take-out chamber disposed directly below the unloading section 10, and a take-out I! horizontally installed below the take-out chamber 12. ! 13 includes an r# unloading mechanism 15 attached to one side of the dryer main body 1 for drying grains.
There is a storage rack underneath. The upper part of the elevator 15 is connected to the supply side of a carry-in device 16 installed horizontally along the front-rear direction at the top of the dryer main body l.

Reference numeral 17 refers to circulating grain that is dried in the drying section 5, circulated to the storage tank 2, and then sequentially flows down the storage tank 2 toward the drying section 5. The air circulation device 17 is an air circulation device capable of drying grains while circulating and circulating the grains along the direction, and uniformizes the moisture content of the grains.The air circulation device 17 has a storage tank 2, as shown in FIGS. In the upper and lower parts of the dryer body 5, along the direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the dryer main body 1, there are multiple rows of air outlet ducts 18 each having an air outlet window 19 at the lower end, and multiple rows of air outlet ducts each having a suction window 2t at the lower end thereof. Suction ducts 20 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and one end of the blow-off duct 1B and the suction duct 20 are respectively connected to a common blow-off 1122 and a common suction stomach 23 arranged vertically in a part of the dryer main body 1. In addition, the common air outlet 111122 and the common suction outlet 1123 are connected to a circulation cylinder 24 equipped with a circulation blower 25.
The configuration is connected via.

Moreover, what is shown in FIG. 4 shows another example of the air circulation device 17, and in this example, multiple rows of blow-off ducts are arranged in parallel at the upper part of the storage tank 2! 8 is eliminated, and instead, a common blow-off tube 11122 is installed horizontally at the top of the storage tank 2, and the common blow-off tube 22 and the inside of the storage tank 2 are directly connected through a plurality of blow-off windows 26, thereby discharging the air inside the storage tank 2. It is designed to circulate.

Reference numeral 27 denotes an outside air intake window which is provided at the top l5g5 of the storage tank 2 and whose opening and closing can be freely adjusted.

What is shown in FIG. 6 is a grain dryer for carrying out the grain drying method according to the second invention. It is formed in the same manner as the grain dryer of the first invention, and a suction duct 28 connected to the exhaust chamber 4 is attached to the upper part of the dryer body l at a position corresponding to the exhaust chamber 4, and a lower end of the suction duct 28 is attached. A blowout 112 connected to the
The tip of 9 is connected to the blowing chamber 31 opened at the top of the storage tank 2, and after being dried in the drying section 5 and circulated into the storage tank 2, W is sequentially passed through the storage tank 2 toward the drying section 5 again.
A part of the exhaust air discharged from the drying air chamber 3 to the exhaust chamber 4 via the blower duct 6, the drying passage 8 and the exhaust air duct 7 is sucked by the circulation blower 30 against the circulating grains being lowered. The air is blown out from the upper part of the storage tank 2, which causes the exhaust air to pass through the drying section 5 and into the exhaust air chamber 4. At the same time, part of the exhaust air and a part of the new exhaust air are sucked in and passed through the suction duct 28 and the air outlet 1Ir29. The grains are circulated to the storage tank 2 and dried while uniformizing the moisture content of the grains.

What is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a grain drying method according to a modified embodiment of the second invention. In addition, the lower end of the suction 11133 equipped with the circulation blower 34 is connected to the frontage, and the tip 11 of the suction 111133 is connected to the blowing cylinder 11135 installed horizontally in the upper part of the storage tank 2. And, is it stored in the blowing cylinder 35? 1
G! The proximal ends of multiple rows of blow-off ducts 36 with openings 37 are connected to each other, and a part of the exhaust air discharged outside the machine is sucked from the blow-off duct 32 to the storage tank 2.
It blows out downward from the inner upper part, which causes the exhaust air to be exhausted outside the machine through the drying section 5, the exhaust chamber 4, and the exhaust duct 32, and also removes part of the exhaust air and a part of the new exhaust air. By sucking through the suction 1133 and circulating the grain in the storage tank 2, the grain is dried while making the moisture content uniform.

What is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is a grain dryer for carrying out the drying method according to the third invention, in which the inside of the storage tank 2 is transferred to the drying section 5. A mixture of the air circulating in the storage tank 2 and intake outside air, or a mixed air that has been heated and humidified, is circulated along the flow direction of the grains, and the grains are collected at the time of harvest. Grain that has a large variation in moisture between grains, when the outside temperature is low, or when drying is delayed in drying 11B5, and even grain that has become overdried can be uniformly heated to the appropriate moisture content to make the grain moisture even. The purpose of this is to dry the product while maintaining its dryness.

Therefore, in order to achieve the above objective, the actual 1lvW
In the grain dryer of No. s, an intake/exhaust window 38 is provided on one side of the common suction duct 23 used in the grain dryer of the first invention.
In addition, at the center of the intake and exhaust window 38, there is
A shutter 40 that opens and closes the intake/exhaust window 38 by the operation of the IIW4 motor 39 is mounted on an axis, and by adjusting the rotation of the shutter 40, a part of the air circulating in the common suction duct 23 by the circulating air blower 25 is transferred to the outside. The structure is such that mixed air can be obtained by simultaneously exhausting outside air and taking in a portion of the outside air. Moreover, the inside of the common suction duct 23 located near the circulation blower 2511 is heated if! for heating the mixed air. ! 41, and a humidifier 1142 for humidifying the mixed air to an appropriate level of moisture.

In addition, the shutter 40 and the heating source 4! and humidifier 42
It would be extremely convenient to control this by operating a humidity sensor disposed in the space above the storage tank 2.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is a method as described above, it produces effects as described below.

After being dried in the drying section and circulated to the storage tank,
The air in the storage tank is circulated along the flow direction of the grain as it flows vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section again, so even if the grain has a large moisture content variation among the grains at the time of harvest. In both cases, low-moisture grains are quickly absorbed by the circulating air that comes into contact evenly as they flow vertically through the storage tank, and conversely, high-moisture grains are dried, promoting uniformity of grain moisture. , it is possible to efficiently obtain dried grains with uniform moisture content with little variation.

Moreover, for the circulating grains that flow vertically in the storage tank,
When part of the exhausted air after being used for drying in the drying section is circulated through the ventilation chamber or ventilation duct, moisture is absorbed faster than grains with low moisture content, and grains with high moisture content absorb moisture faster than grains with low moisture content. It is possible to dry the grains more quickly and to promote uniformity of grain moisture.

Furthermore, the mixed air of the air flowing through the storage tank and the intake outside air, or the heated and humidified mixed air, is circulated along the flow direction of the grains as they flow vertically down the storage tank. In some cases, moisture absorption and drying may be performed appropriately depending on the moisture content of the grain, or even if the outside temperature is low or the grain is delayed in drying in the drying area, it may be necessary to reach the appropriate moisture content. Not only can it dry quickly and evenly, but even if grains become too dry, they can be quickly and evenly humidified by moisture absorption, and the moisture content of the grains can be uniformized, resulting in uniform moisture content with less variation. dry grains can be easily obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show a grain dryer for carrying out the method of the present invention, and Figures 1 to 3 show the grain dryer for carrying out the method of the first invention, and Figure 1 is a perspective view of the whole. Fig. 2 is a vertical front view, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal side view with a part cut away and the main part broken, and Fig. 4 is a first invention method with a part cut away and the main part broken. FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional front view of the grain dryer for carrying out the second invention method;
6 and 7 show other versions of the grain dryer for carrying out the method of the second invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the whole, and FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway view. Cross-sectional view of the sword with the main parts broken, No. 81! 1 and 9 are grain dryers for carrying out the third invention, No. 8ryJ is a partially cutaway perspective view, and FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional plan view.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) After being dried in the drying section and circulated into the storage tank, the air in the storage tank is circulated along the flow direction of the grains, and the grains are sequentially flowed vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section. A method of drying grains that at least equalizes the moisture content of the grains. (2) After being dried in the drying section and circulated into the storage tank, the circulating grain flows vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section again, and the exhaust air that is used for drying in the drying section is A portion of the air is forced into the upper part of the storage tank from the ventilation chamber or ventilation duct, and is circulated from the ventilation room or ventilation chamber toward the ventilation duct along the flow direction of the grain, and then circulated back to the upper part of the storage tank. A method of drying grains that distributes them and dries them while trying to equalize the moisture content of the grains. (3) The circulating grain is dried in the drying section, circulated into the storage tank, and then sequentially flows vertically down the storage tank toward the drying section, and the air circulating in the storage tank is mixed with intake outside air. A grain drying method in which air or a mixed air that has been heated and humidified is circulated along the flow direction of the grain to uniformize grain moisture while drying the grain.