JPH049596B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting powder and fluid according to density from a mixture of two or more types of powder and granular materials having different densities. <Prior art> When reusing coal ash discharged from thermal power plants, there is a need to separate and remove unburned coal from a mixture of substances with different densities in many other fields. There are many. Conventionally, this sorting device includes a flotation device and a wet rocking table that uses a water stream. Other dry-type devices include those that use a combination of gas flow such as air and vibration. <Problems to be solved by the invention> Since the flotation equipment and the wet rocking table shown as the above-mentioned prior art are both wet types, they are difficult to solve when the target is a water-soluble substance or a substance that must not be wetted. However, there is a problem in that complicated drying treatment is required depending on the subsequent usage of the separately collected materials. On the other hand, the dry type apparatus is good when the objects to be sorted are large to some extent and there is a considerable difference in density, but when the objects become finer, there is a problem that the sorting efficiency is low even though the apparatus is large-scale. The object of the present invention is to eliminate the various drawbacks of the prior art and to provide an apparatus that can perform highly efficient sorting even when the objects are minute in a dry process. <Means for Solving the Problems> The above objects of the present invention can be achieved by employing the following means. In other words, the swing table is made of a rectangular plate-shaped body, and is inclined so that the right side is higher than the left side, and furthermore, the rear side is inclined so that the rear side is higher than the front side. A weir of the required height is installed across the lower corner, and on the left side of the weir, a plurality of ritzfuls whose height is smaller than that of the weir are placed horizontally at approximately the same distance below the weir, and the above-mentioned oscillator is This is a dry type density sorting device for powder and granular materials, characterized in that a moving table is configured to vibrate minutely in a horizontal direction. Note that in this case, the terms left, right, front, and rear refer to the case where the device of the present invention is viewed from a certain direction, and in the following explanation, that certain direction will be referred to as FIG. 1. is viewed from the front, and the left and right parts of FIG. 1 are the left, right, bottom, and top of the device, respectively, and the front and rear of the device, respectively. <Function> In the device of the present invention, when the mixed powder and granular material of different specific gravity is fed from the upper part of the left side, that is, from the rear side, while the swing table is vibrated minutely in the horizontal direction, two rifts are produced. In the longitudinal direction of the groove between the grooves, that is, in the left-right direction, as is the principle of a general swing table, the powder with a higher density moves to the right due to the difference in density and the size of the particles, and if the density is the same, the smaller the particle moves to the right. Move to the right. The powder and granules in the same groove cannot move further to the right because the front side of the swing table is lower for both the left and right side, and the right side is stopped by the weir. Therefore, it goes beyond the ritzful and moves to the lower groove, and within the lower groove, it is further divided by density,
Repeating that the powder is divided into left and right by diameter,
At the time of passing the bottom stage Ritzful, small-density, large-diameter particles are unevenly distributed on the left side, and as you move from there to the right side, the distribution shows that the density becomes higher and the particle size becomes smaller. By installing a plurality of collection containers below the lower rituffle and collecting each one separately, it is possible to obtain powder and granules of different densities and particle sizes. <Examples> Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rectangular plate-like body used in the swing table 1 of the device of the present invention, and in this embodiment,
A plate measuring 300mm in length and 500mm in width is used, and on its top surface,
Weir 2 with a height of 20 mm is installed diagonally from the left end of the rear side to the right end of the front side by 200 mm to the right.
On the left side, multiple Ritzfuls 3 were placed horizontally as shown in Figure 2 with dimensions (unit: mm). In this device, such a swinging table 1 is tilted at an angle α upward to the right in the left-right direction and at an angle β upward upward in the front-rear direction with respect to the horizontal plane, and a vibrating device is installed on it. A schematic diagram is shown in Figure 3. That is, a rail 5 running left and right is laid on a base 4 placed in a stationary state, a horizontally movable plate 6 with wheels on the lower surface is mounted on the rail 5, and on the horizontally movable plate 6, A left-right tilting plate 7 whose left end is pivotally connected to the left-hand end of the horizontally movable plate 6 and can freely tilt in the left-right direction is placed thereon, and its front end is further pivoted to the front end of the left-right tilting plate 7. A front-rear tilting plate 8 which is freely tiltable in the front-rear direction is mounted, and the above-mentioned swing table 1 is constructed above the front-rear tilt plate 8. The groove directly above the riffle 3 is divided into five equal parts in the left and right direction, and a partition plate 9 is arranged at the left end and between each divided section to communicate with five independent hubpers 10. A vibrating device consisting of a motor 11 and a vibrating mechanism 12 was attached to the horizontally movable plate 6. Using such a device, coal ash having a fineness distribution as shown in Table 1 below and having a total unburned coal content of approximately 10.1% by weight was used as an experimental sample, and the left and right inclination α of the swing table and Experiments were conducted to separate unburned coal, which has a lower density than coal ash and generally has a larger particle size, from coal ash by varying the front and rear slope β and other conditions.

[Table] In terms of particle size in Table 1 above, -44 means less than 44, +297 means more than 297, 44-53 means 44 or more and less than 53.
The same applies to other ranges indicated by ~. In other words, for the sake of explanation, this experiment ignored the widths of the weir 2 and the ripple 3, and moved the groove closest to the front side of the swing table 1 in the left and right direction, as shown in FIG. divided into five equal parts by a partition plate 9, and each area is designated A, B, C, D, and E from the right side, and the groove is directed upward from the groove directly above the groove in which the partition plate 9 is provided,
Make each groove sequentially, ,,,,
Various experiments were conducted. First, the coal ash shown in Table 1 above is supplied to the left end of the groove, α = 9.4°, β = 28.9°, amplitude approximately 15
mm, the frequency of vibration N = 3.5 times/sec. was kept constant, the hourly supply amount F (Kg/h.) was varied, and the sample fell downward beyond the Ritzful that was set up on the front side of the swing table. Samples were taken from each area of A, B,... above, and the unburned coal contained in each sample was burned at 800℃ for 1 hour in an electric furnace, and the Ig.loss at that time was
The graph in FIG. 5 shows the results of Experiment 1, in which the unburned coal content in each region was calculated using values. Note that the numbers written next to each point in FIG. 5 indicate the collection ratio in each collection area, assuming that the total amount of each supplied sample is 1. From the graph shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that regardless of the hourly supply amount F, the sample collected from the right side of the rocking table has less unburned coal, but as the amount of F decreases, the entire sample shifts to the right side. , it can be seen that the separation between coal ash and unburned coal becomes more rapid. Next, the test supply point, α, β, and amplitude are the same as those in Experiment 1, and the results of Experiment 2 were determined in the same way by changing the vibration frequency N and keeping F = 0.709 Kg/h. This is shown in the graph of FIG. The numbers written next to each point in FIG. 6 indicate the sampling rate in that area, as in the case of FIG. 5. From FIG. 6, it can be seen that the larger the frequency N is, the larger the left and right spread becomes. Next, in the graph shown in Figure 7, the sample supply point, amplitude and F are the same as in Experiment 2, N = 3.5S ^-1 , β = 28.9°
This figure shows the results of Experiment 3 in which α was held constant and α was varied variously.The numbers written next to each point in FIG. 7 indicate the sampling rate in that area, as in the case of FIG. 5. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that if α is too large, the sample will shift to the left side, resulting in a small lateral spread and poor sorting efficiency, so it is necessary to set α to a value that is not too large. Next, the graph shown in Figure 8 shows α=9.4° and F=
This shows the results of Experiment 4, which was conducted under the same conditions as Experiment 3 above, except that β was kept constant at 2.4 Kg/h. From this Figure 8, we can see that if the front-to-back slope is too large, the horizontal spread of the sample will be small, and even in region A, where the highest density of materials is thought to be gathered, there is still a considerable amount of unburned coal. It can be seen that the sorting efficiency is not good. Next, the graph shown in Figure 9 shows that the sample supply point, amplitude, frequency, F and α are the same as in Experiment 4, and β=
At a constant angle of 22.4°, after some sorting operation, the sample moves from groove to groove and to the groove below the groove, and when a small amount starts to fall from there to the hopper 10 below, the sample is separated for each sample in each groove. This figure shows the results of Experiment 5, in which Ig.loss was determined for each groove and each area of the sample. From FIG. 9, it can be seen that although there are some places where the samples are reversed, the slope in the figure becomes steeper as the samples are located in the lower grooves, that is, the specific gravity selection has been sufficiently performed. Next, FIG. 10 shows that under the same conditions as in Experiment 5 above, the samples collected in the hopper 10 after passing through the bottom riffle were sieved for each size.
This graph shows the results of Experiment 6 in which the integrated weight % under the sieve in that case was calculated, and the average Ig.loss for each region is also shown in the same graph. From the results shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that compared to the original sample used first, the samples taken from areas A and B, that is, the right area, had many smaller diameters, and the opposite was true for the left area. Also, the graph shown in FIG. 11 shows the results of Experiment 7, in which Ig.loss for each size was determined for the samples collected from the hopper 10 in each region, as in Experiment 6, and from this FIG. 11, It can be seen that the samples are divided into left and right in this order from the smallest density to the largest density, regardless of the diameter of the collected sample. <Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the device of the present invention, the swing table is tilted left and right and front and back, and a weir is provided at the right end of a large number of horizontally installed ritzfuls. In order to stop the powder and granules that are about to advance there, the amount of powder and granules that move beyond the lower rift and into the lower groove increases, and even within the same groove, it is divided into bands on the left and right according to density. Particles are sorted by size, and the weir is installed diagonally, and the lower grooves are longer to the right, so particles with high density and small diameter that gather near the right end of each groove are collected in the lower tier. Since the process of further separation by the grooves is repeated, the powder and granules that have reached the front side of the swing table are sufficiently separated into left and right sides according to density and particle size. Therefore, if the angle of inclination of the rocking plate, the vibration condition, the supply amount of raw powder and granules, etc. are changed appropriately depending on the target raw powder and granules, two or more kinds of particles can be mixed in the raw powder and granules. Even if there are objects with different densities and diameters,
It can be collected as a substance consisting mainly of these components, and for example, it is possible to separate coal ash with a small amount of unburned coal from the coal ash that contains a considerable amount of unburned coal, which was used as a sample in the example, and then reuse it. This contributes to

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the shape of the swing table of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view along the line shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of the device of the present invention. , Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram with numbers and symbols attached to each part of the swing table to explain each experiment shown in the examples of the present invention, and Fig. 5 shows the state of separation of coal ash and unburned coal in the original sample. A graph showing how it changes when the supply amount is changed. Figure 6 is a graph when the same frequency is changed. Figure 7 is a graph when the same α is changed. Figure 8 is a graph when the same β is changed. Figure 9 is a graph when the sampling location of the same sample is changed. Figure 10 is a graph showing the distribution of amount by particle size at each sampling location. Figure 11 is a graph showing the distribution of the amount for each particle size at each sampling location. A graph showing the separation status of coal ash and unburned coal by particle size at the collection location. In the figure, 1: Swing table, 2: Weir, 3: Ritzful.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A rocking table consisting of a rectangular plate-shaped body, tilted so that the right side is higher than the left side, and further tilted so that the rear side is higher than the front side. A weir of the required height is installed across the lower corner, and on the left side of the weir, a plurality of ritzfuls whose height is smaller than that of the weir are placed horizontally at approximately the same distance below the weir, and the above-mentioned oscillator is 1. A dry density sorting device for powder and granular materials, characterized in that a moving table is configured to vibrate minutely periodically in the lateral direction.