JPH048890A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To equalize and minimize a gap between both sides of a vane and two presser plates regardless of assembly distortion and machining precision, and reduce a wetting loss by causing the vane housed in a vane groove to reciprocally move, sandwiched with the presser plates energized toward the sides of the vane with a spring and coupled to the recess of the vane groove. CONSTITUTION:During the operation of a compressor, a vane 19 housed within a vane groove 24 on a cylinder 4 gives reciprocal movement with both sides 19a and 19b sandwiched with presser plates 26a and 26b energized respectively with springs 27a to 27d. Also, the vane 19 is immersed in lubricating oil contained in a closed casing 1, and lubricated accordingly. Consequently, as flexibility is maintained to move the presser plates 26a and 26b for keeping approximately constant gaps deltaa and deltab regardless of assembly distortion and machining precision, the aforesaid gaps deltaa and deltab can be arbitrarily set by changing the forces if the springs 27a to 27d. The gaps deltaa and deltab, therefore, can be minimized. According to the aforesaid construction, the volumetric efficiency of the compressor can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary compressor used in a refrigeration cycle or the like, and particularly relates to a configuration with good volumetric efficiency and improved efficiency by reducing mechanical loss.

Prior Art A conventional configuration will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. Note that the arrows in FIG. 6 indicate refrigerant leakage.

1 is a sealed casing, 2 is an electric motor section, and shaft 3
Through the cylinder 4, roller 6, reciprocating plate 6, main bearing 7,
It is connected to a mechanical part main body 9 constituted by a sub-bearing 8. Further, the reciprocating plate 6 is housed in a slit groove 4a provided in the cylinder 4, and the shaft 3 has a main shaft 3-a,
It consists of a subshaft 3b and a crank 3C. Further, a hole 3e is formed in the center of the shaft 3. 10 is a spring provided on the back surface of the reciprocating plate. Reference numeral 11 denotes a compression chamber within the cylinder 4, which is constituted by a roller 6, a reciprocating plate 6, a main bearing 7, and a sub-bearing 8. 12 is an oil supply mechanism connected to the shaft 3. A suction pipe 13 is fixed to the sub-bearing 8 and communicates with the compression chamber 11 via a suction passage 14a (not shown) of the sub-bearing 8 and a suction passage 14b of the cylinder 4. A discharge hole 16 communicates with the inside of the sealed casing 1 via a discharge valve 16 (not shown). Reference numeral 17 is a discharge pipe which opens into the sealed casing 1. 18 is lubricating oil.

The electric motor section 2 is composed of a rotor 2a and a stator 2b, and the rotor 2a has a balance way (2c).

2d is fixed.

Refrigerant gas from the cooling system (not shown).

Suction pipe 13. It is guided through suction passages 14a and 14b.

It reaches the compression chamber 11 inside the cylinder 4. The refrigerant gas that has reached the compression chamber 11 is separated by the roller 6 fitted to the crank 3C of the shaft 3 and the reciprocating plate 6.The refrigerant gas is compressed by the rotation of the shaft 3 and rollers 5 as the electric motor section 2 rotates. It is gradually compressed by rotational movement. Therefore, during compression, a high pressure chamber 11a and a low pressure chamber 11b exist.

The compressed refrigerant gas is discharged through the discharge hole 1 provided in the sub-bearing 8.
6. After being once discharged into the closed casing 1 through the discharge valve 16, it is discharged through the discharge pipe 17 to the cooling system.

Furthermore, the lubricating oil 18 is supplied to the shut 3 and the main bearing 7 by the oil supply mechanism 12. It is supplied to sliding parts such as the secondary bearing 8.

In addition, the back side of the reciprocating plate 6 is immersed in the lubricating oil 18 stored in the sealed casing 1 during reciprocating movement, and the sliding between the reciprocating plate 6, the slit groove 4a, the main bearing 7, and the sub bearing 8 is caused. The moving parts are supplied with oil.

For example, it is shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 199990/1983.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with the above configuration, the machining accuracy of the slit grooves and the reciprocating plate was poor, and the gap between the reciprocating plate and the slit groove had to be larger than necessary due to distortion during assembly. Naturally, if the gap is small (for example, about 10 to 20 μm for refrigerators), the friction loss between the reciprocating plate and the slit groove will increase extremely.

Therefore, a large amount of lubricating oil containing high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged into the sealed casing leaks into the high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber in the cylinder through the gap between the reciprocating plate and the slit groove.
It had the disadvantages of low volumetric efficiency and poor compression efficiency.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional example. During operation of the compressor, lubricating oil containing refrigerant flows into the high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber in the cylinder through the gap between the reciprocating plate and the slit groove. The aim is to reduce the volume and improve the efficiency of the compressor.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a cylinder having a vane groove, a main bearing and a sub-bearing fixed to the end face of the cylinder, a shaft that rotates and slides within the main bearing and the sub-bearing and has a crank. A vane that has a roller that is rotatably housed in a crank of a shaft, and grooves that reciprocate in the vane groove and have grooves on both sides that increase in cross-sectional area and decrease in cross-sectional area from the back toward the tip that contacts the roller. The vane groove has recesses provided on both sides of the vane groove, a pressing plate fitted into the recess, and a spring disposed in the recess so as to bias the pressing plate against the vane.

Operation According to the above-described structure, the vane housed in the vane groove reciprocates between the pressing plates fitted in the recesses of the vane groove which are urged against the side surface of the vane by a spring.

When the vane reciprocates, lubricating oil flows into the groove provided on the side surface and whose cross-sectional area changes in the direction of the reciprocating movement, and as the cross-sectional area becomes smaller, pressure is generated. As a result, the pressing plate is held at a position where the spring force urging the pressing plate against the side surface of the vane and the pressure are balanced. That is, when the gap between the vane and the pressing plate becomes smaller, the pressure generated in the groove on the side surface of the vane pushes back the pressing plate, and when the gap becomes larger, the generated pressure decreases and the pressing plate is pressed against the vane. Therefore, the gap between the vane and the press plate can be kept to a minimum by providing the flexibility of the press plate to move so that the gap between the vane and the press plate is almost constant regardless of the single assembly or processing accuracy.

Therefore, by minimizing the gap between the vane and the pressing plate, the amount of lubricating oil containing high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant in the sealed casing flowing into the low-pressure chamber and high-pressure chamber in the cylinder through this gap is reduced. At the same time, vane wear can be reduced, improving reliability.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Note that the same parts as those in the conventional example are given the same reference numerals and explanations will be omitted.

19 is a vane, and its side surface 19b on the high pressure chamber 11b side
There is a groove 20a whose cross-sectional area increases from the back surface 19c side toward the tip end 19d side that contacts the roller.

20b, 20c and a groove 21a with a decreasing cross-sectional area.

21b and 21C are provided alternately. Similarly, a groove 2 whose cross-sectional area increases is also formed on the side surface 19a on the low pressure chamber 11a side.
2a, 22b, 22c and a groove 23a with a reduced cross-sectional area;
23b and 23c are provided.

Further, 24 is a vane groove p, and 25a and 25b are recesses provided on the side surfaces of the vane groove. 26a.

2eb is a pressing plate housed in a recess, and a spring 27a
, 27b, 27G, and 27d are biased toward the vane side.

In the above configuration, the vane 19 accommodated in the vane groove 24 provided in the cylinder 4 during compressor operation is
Its aspects19. &, 19b are the springs 27a, 2, respectively.
Pressing plate 2 biased by 7b, 27c, 27d
6 & , performs reciprocating motion while being sandwiched by 26b. At that time, the vanes 19 are immersed in the lubricating oil 18 stored in the sealed casing 1 to lubricate the vanes 19.

A case in which the mass and vane 19 move toward the center of the cylinder 4 will be described. At this time, the side surface 19b of the vane 19
Grooves 20a and 2ob whose cross-sectional area increases from the back surface 19c toward the tip 19d.

The lubricating oil 18ij and vane 19 in the inflow portions 2od, 2oe, and 2Of of 2oC are guided to the sealing portions 20g, 20h, and 20i to move toward the center of the cylinder 4. And this sealing part 20 q T 20 h t 2
While being guided to 0 z, the pressure of the lubricating oil 18 increases due to the wedge effect. Similarly, the side surface 19a of the vane 19
Also, the pressure of the lubricating oil 18 increases in the grooves 22a, 22b, and 22c.

Next, the vane 19 is inserted from the center/side of the cylinder 4.
A case will be described in which the spring moves toward the spring 10 provided on the back surface 19c side. At this time, the side surface 19 of the vane 19
A structure 21a provided in b has a cross-sectional area that decreases from the back side 19c toward the tip 19d.

The lubricating oil 18 in the inflow portions 21d, 21e, and 21f of the springs 21b and 21C is guided to the sealing portions 21g, 21h, and 21i as the vanes move toward the spring 1o. And these sealing parts 21 q and 21 h.

211, the pressure of the lubricating oil 18 increases due to the wedge effect. Similarly, the side surface 19a of the vane 19
Also, the pressure of the lubricating oil 18 increases in the grooves 23a, 23b, and 23c.

If the spring forces of the springs 27a, 27b, 27c, and 27d that urge the pressing plates 26a and 26b toward the vane 19 are the same, then the side surface 19a of the vane 19 and the pressing plate 26
The gap Ja between a, the side surface 19b of the vane 19, and the pressing plate 2
The gap Jb between 6b is maintained to be δa−δb.

This is because the hydraulic pressures generated on both sides 1sa and 1sb of the vane 19 are equal. For example, when the gaps δa and δb are not equal and δa>δb, the hydraulic pressure generated on the side surface 19a of the vane 19 is smaller than the hydraulic pressure generated on the side surface 19b of the vane 19. When the pressure plate 26a moves toward the side and the gap δa is small, the hydraulic pressure generated at the side surface 19a increases. The page 719 is held at a position where the hydraulic pressures generated on both sides 19a and 19b are balanced, that is, at a position δ and -δb.

Furthermore, when both the gaps δa and δb become smaller, the vane 1
The hydraulic pressure generated on both sides 1sa and 19b of 9 increases,
A gap δa is formed between the pressing plates 26a and 26b.

Spring 27a, 27b, 27c to increase δb.

It moves in the direction of 27d. Moreover, when the gaps δa and δb both become larger, the hydraulic pressure generated on both side surfaces 19a and 19b of the vane 1:9 decreases, and the pressing plates 26a and 26b are forced into the gap δa.
, δb moves toward the vane 19 side so that δb becomes smaller. and,
It is always held in a position balanced with the force of the springs 27a, 27b, 27c, and 27d.

Therefore, regardless of assembly distortion and processing accuracy, gaps δa and δ
Press plate 26a so that b is approximately constant.

Because 26b has the flexibility of movement.

By changing the forces of the springs 27a, 27b, 27c, and 27d, the gaps δa and Jb can be set arbitrarily.

Therefore, the gaps δ and δb can be kept to a minimum.

As a result, the side surfaces 19a and 19b of the vane 19 and the pressing plate 2
The amount of lubricating oil containing refrigerant leaking into the compression chamber 11 through the gap between 6a and 26b can be reduced to a minimum, thereby improving volumetric efficiency. Furthermore, local wear on the side surfaces 19a and 19b of the vane 19 is eliminated.

Improved reliability.

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the groove is changed by changing the width of the groove, but it goes without saying that the depth of the groove may also be changed. Further, in this embodiment, the grooves are provided on the side surface of the vane, but it goes without saying that the grooves may be provided on the side surface of the pressing plate.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides a cylinder having a vane groove, a main bearing and a sub-bearing that can be fixed to the end face of the cylinder, and a cylinder that rotates and slides within the main bearing and sub-bearing and that rotates the crank. a shaft having a shaft, a roller rotatably housed in the crank of the shaft, and a groove that reciprocates in a vane groove and whose cross-sectional area increases and whose cross-sectional area decreases from the back side toward the tip that contacts the roller. A vane equipped with a vane on both sides, a recess provided on both sides of the vane groove, a pressing plate fitted into the recess, and a spring disposed in the recess to bias the pressing plate against the vane. Therefore, the gap between both side surfaces of the vane and the two pressing plates can be kept uniform and minimized regardless of rough vertical distortion or processing accuracy, reducing leakage loss and improving volumetric efficiency. Also, localized wear on the vanes is eliminated.

Improved reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an enlarged view of the main parts of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of the vane of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a change in the clearance and hydraulic pressure between the vane and the pressing plate. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor, FIG. 5 is a view taken along the I-bi line in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 3...Shaft, 3C...Crank,
4...Cylinder, 5...Roller, 7.
...Main bearing, 8...Sub bearing, 19.
...Vane, 19a, 19b...Pen side, 19C...Vane back, 19d...
・Pen tip, 20a, 20b, 20c...
Grooves with increasing cross-sectional areas, 21a, 21b, 21c...
... Groove whose cross-sectional area decreases, 24... Vane groove,
2sa, 26b... recess, 26&, 26b...
...Press plate, 27a. 27b, 27C, 27d... Spring. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and one other person

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cylinder having a vane groove, a main bearing and a sub-bearing fixed to the end face of the cylinder, a shaft that rotates and slides within the main bearing and the sub-bearing and has a crank, and is rotatably housed in the crank of the shaft. a vane that reciprocates in the vane groove and has grooves on both sides thereof with grooves whose cross-sectional area increases and grooves whose cross-sectional area decreases from the back side toward the tip that contacts the roller; A rotary compressor comprising: a recess provided on both side surfaces; a pressing plate fitted into the recess; and a spring disposed in the recess so as to bias the pressing plate against the vane.