JPH048763Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The invention is a synthetic resin sheet, film, etc. for agricultural and horticultural greenhouses, livestock houses, poultry houses, garages, etc.
When installed on the wall of a membrane structure made of thin plates or fiber cloth, or a glass greenhouse, etc., and equipped with an intake fan for forced ventilation inside the membrane structure, automatic This invention relates to self-opening ventilation windows for agricultural greenhouses and the like.

(Prior Art) A conventionally known example of a retractable ventilation window installed on a flat roof or wall of a greenhouse for agricultural greenhouses or greenhouse horticulture using a membrane structure such as Heba sheet is known as Heba Jitsukasho. The ventilation windows described in Publication No. 55-126484 are arranged in large numbers in parallel with the apex corners of line frames that are approximately fan-shaped when viewed from the side supported by pipe shafts that are fixed horizontally. The sheet of the ventilation window stretched horizontally between the frames is rotated by fan-shaped teeth formed on the arcs of the above-mentioned upper and lower line frames arranged side by side by a pinion fixed to the operating shaft, and opened and closed at an appropriate angle in the vertical direction. It is a configuration that performs ventilation by
The application was published in Public Utility Model Publication No. 72158,
The application was made available for public inspection in 1982.
The specification and drawings originally attached to the application for application No. 165050 state that locking members for locking the outer transparent coating film are provided on at least the left and right sides of the outer surface of the window frame that is attached to the side of the greenhouse. In addition, a side window of a double-layer vinyl house is described in which locking members for locking the lining transparent coating film are provided on the left and right, top and bottom sides of the inner surface, and a window that can be opened and closed is attached to the window frame with the above structure. has been done.

(Problem that the invention attempts to solve) However, in the former known example, when ventilating or stopping ventilation, the ventilation window is rotated by hand or by power to rotate the operating shaft and rely on a pinion fixed to the shaft. It is necessary to rotate the fan-shaped teeth to open and close the fan, and even if the ventilation fan is installed inside the house, the above operations are indispensable, so manpower is always required and labor saving has become an issue. . In addition, in the latter known example, the side windows are sequentially opened using the support pin as a fulcrum due to wind pressure or pushing up action inside the greenhouse, and are closed when the pushing up action is released. When opening and closing the window, it is impossible to expect smooth automatic opening and closing using only the well-known transparent window frame and support pins, so a structure that relies primarily on manual push-up action and the use of a handle for opening, closing, and locking is required. , so we cannot expect much labor savings from self-opening and closing.
The purpose of this invention is to provide agricultural greenhouses, etc., which automatically open in conjunction with the intake action of an intake fan installed in the greenhouse, and which automatically close when the intake fan is stopped and the intake action stops. The purpose is to save labor in greenhouse farming, etc. by providing self-opening/closing ventilation windows.

(Structure of the invention, means for solving problems) The structure of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings regarding embodiments of the invention. In Figures 1 and 2, A is the horizontal rotating ventilation window W (see Figure 4).
The outer frame of the window, 1, is its upper frame, which is integrally made of an extruded shape formed by extrusion molding of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy or a polymeric organic synthetic resin material such as hard vinyl chloride. 2 is a horizontal member of the upper frame 1, and 3 is a house structure membrane made of a membrane structure such as a transparent vinyl chloride sheet described later, which is made by passing through the horizontal member 2 and integrally with the horizontal member 2 to the upper part of the indoor side of the horizontal member 2. 4. A long groove with a lip on the indoor side of the upper frame, which has a length of the full width of the upper frame opening toward the indoor side, into which a retaining plate of a narrow and thin strip is fitted.
5 is a long groove with a lip on the outdoor side of the upper frame which is opened to the outdoor side and is formed at the lower part of the horizontal member 2 on the outdoor side, and 5 is a long groove with a lip on the outdoor side of the upper frame extending from the lower edge to the full width of the outer frame A. 6 is its lower edge, and 7 is a small lip groove opening toward the indoor side at the bottom of the long groove 4 with a lip on the outdoor side of the upper frame. It is an airtight material fitted into the Next, 8 is the lower frame of the outer frame A, which is composed of the upper frame 1 and an extruded section made of the same material. Reference numeral 9 denotes a horizontal member of the lower frame 8, and 10 denotes the upper frame indoor side long groove 3 with a lip formed integrally with the horizontal member 9 to the upper part of the indoor side of the horizontal member 9, and the lower frame opening to the indoor side. A long groove with a lip on the indoor side of the lower frame, 11 having the full width, extends from the upper edge of the long groove with a lip on the indoor side of the lower frame 10, facing upward to the upper frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 5 and extending at a right angle of approximately the same size. 12 is the upper edge of the lower frame wind pressure stopper fin piece, which is a wide and thin plate-like integrally produced;
Reference numeral 3 denotes an airtight material fitted into a small lip groove opening to the outdoor side at the upper part of the long groove with lip on the indoor side of the lower frame 10, and 14 denotes a lower frame opening to the outdoor side formed integrally at the lower part of the horizontal member 9 on the outdoor side. It is a long groove with an outdoor lip. Next, in FIG. 3, reference numeral 15 denotes the left and right vertical frames of the outer frame A, which are made of the same materials as the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 8. Reference numeral 16 indicates a vertical member of the vertical frame 15, and reference numeral 17 indicates a retaining plate, which will be described later, for fixing a structure membrane such as a house, which is created integrally with the vertical member 16, to the opening side of the outer frame A at the indoor end of the vertical member 16. 18 is a long groove with a lip on the indoor side of this vertical frame, which is a long groove with a lip on the indoor side of the vertical frame, which is open to the indoor side where the vertical frame is installed, and is connected to the opening side of the outer frame A on the outdoor side to the outdoor side. The airtight material 19 fitted into the opening small lip groove is a long groove with a vertical frame outdoor lip formed at the outdoor end of the vertical member 16 toward the membrane structure. The outer frame A of the window is framed in a rectangular or rectangular shape depending on the upper frame 1, the lower frame 8, and the left and right vertical frames 15. Next, in FIGS. 1 and 2 again, B is a rectangular or rectangular parallelepiped self-opening shoji to be attached to the outer frame A of the window, and 20
21 is a self-opening/closing shoji B. Examples of transparent, translucent, or black synthetic resin materials include vinyl chloride sheets, films, thin plates, etc., or glass shoji membranes.
The upper frame is integrally made with the outer frame A using an extruded shape of the same metal material or organic synthetic resin material. Reference numeral 22 denotes a long groove with an upper stile lip that opens toward the outdoor side for fixing and tensioning the shoji membrane 20 formed on the outdoor side of the upper stile 21 to the full width of the upper stile 21 with a retaining plate described later; 23 indicates a long groove with an upper stile lip; 2
1, the upper edge 24 is a contact surface with the airtight material 7.
Next, 25 is a lower stile symmetrical to the upper stile 21, 26 is a long groove with a lip on the upper stile and a long groove with a lip on the lower stile, 27
28 is a long groove formed by parallel edges 27a and 27b having a small raised edge on the lower edge extending from the long groove 26 with the lower stile lip; 28 is a contact surface of the parallel edge 27a on the indoor side with the airtight material 13; 29 is made of aluminum, stainless steel, etc., and has an inverted L-shaped cross section and approximately the same width as the lower frame 25, with the base 30 being fitted and fixed into the long groove 27 by small raised edges 30a and 30b provided at the tips of its parallel edges. 31 is the lower edge of the wind pressure hanging piece 29, which is a three-quarter cylinder in cross section. A holding cylinder 32 which also serves as a weight is formed, and if necessary, a weight 33 is fitted into the cylindrical part. Next, in FIG. 3, 34 is the vertical stile on both sides of the self-opening shoji B of the horizontal axis rotating ventilation window W, the upper stile 21,
It consists of a lower stile 25 and the same profile. 35 is the upper stile 21
A long groove with a vertical stile lip that opens to the outdoor side and has the same structure as the long groove with a lip on the upper stile, and the shoji membrane 20
Stretch it. 36a and 36b are parallel edges similar to the parallel edges 26a and 27b of the lower frame 25, and the parallel edges 3
The tip portion of 6a forms an abutting end 37 with the airtight material 18. Again in Figures 1, 2 and 3,
Reference numeral 38 denotes a support body for horizontally supporting the self-opening/closing shoji B in a horizontal axis rotation manner, and is a chamber fixed to approximately the center of the left and right vertical frames 15 of the window outer frame A, or slightly lower than both. The supporting pieces 38a that protrude inwardly and the supporting pieces 38b that are fixed to the above-mentioned and the same positions of the left and right vertical frames 34 of the self-opening/closing shoji B and that protrude toward the indoor side are placed horizontally at both protruding ends, respectively. It is supported by a bearing 38c as a rotating shaft of the same horizontal central axis. Therefore, the self-opening/closing shoji B is aligned with the horizontal central axis L of the left and right horizontal bearings 38c.
Centering around 1-L2, the outer frame A of the window and each stile of the self-opening shoji B open from a closed state in which they are in close contact with each other by an angle proportional to the intake pressure of an intake fan for ventilation. still,
As shown in FIG. 5, a support body 38 having a horizontal bearing 38c is supported by a pivot P located at an intersection with a horizontal axis L passing through the horizontal center axes of the vertical frame 15 and the vertical frame 34. In that case, there is no need for parallel edges. The installation position of the above-mentioned horizontal bearing 38c, the installation position of the upper frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 5 of the outer frame A, the lower frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 11, and the wind pressure receiver hanging piece 29 of the self-opening/closing shoji B are essential to the present invention. form the main components of the configuration requirements. That is, with respect to the horizontal axis plane L passing through the horizontal central axis L1-L2 passing through the central axis of the horizontal axis body, in the state of FIG. In this case, the horizontal axis L and the self-opening/closing shoji B
The vertical dimension H2 between the lower end edge 31 of the wind pressure receiving hanging piece 29 of the lower stile 25 is determined from the lower end edge 6 of the upper frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 5 of the upper frame 1 of the outer frame A to the above-mentioned horizontal axis plane L. The upper edge 23 of the upper stile 21 is set considerably larger than the vertical dimension H1 of the
The vertical dimension H3 from the horizontal axis L to the horizontal axis L is set considerably larger than the vertical dimension H4 from the horizontal axis L to the upper edge 12 of the lower frame wind pressure stop fin piece 11 of the lower frame 8. . In addition, in Figures 1 to 4,
M is a structure membrane such as a transparent soft vinyl chloride sheet for forming a membrane structure made of a sheet, film, thin plate, or fiber fabric of a synthetic resin material for agricultural or horticultural greenhouses, livestock houses, poultry houses, warehouses, etc. are stretched in double layers to form a roof or wall surface. 39 is the structure membrane M and the shoji membrane 20 of the self-opening shoji B.
A narrow and thin stop made of metal, synthetic resin, or wood having a length close to the length of the long groove that fits into the long groove when it is fitted and fixed to the outer frame of the window and the frame of the self-opening shoji screen. If it is a plate and the shoji membrane 20 etc. is glass, a hook-shaped edge is added. In addition, the support body 38
It is appropriate to construct the shaft with a thin plate of a non-corrosive metal material such as stainless steel. In addition, F is a fan for ventilation, G is a membrane structure such as an agricultural greenhouse, and K is a frame made of iron pipe material.

(Function) Although the present invention is formed from the above partial structure,
To explain its function, first, when the ventilation fan F installed on the indoor side is stopped and the air pressure on the indoor side is balanced with the outdoor side, it opens and closes automatically as shown in Figure 1. The weight of the weight 33 on the lower edge 31 of the wind pressure receiving hanging piece 29 of the lower stile 25 of the shoji B and the wind pressure receiving hanging piece 29
The wind pressure on the outdoor side that is received by the shoji membrane 20 below the horizontal axis L, and the wind pressure on the outdoor side that the shoji membrane 20 is subjected to below the horizontal axis L, that is, when the width of the self-opening and closing shoji B is defined as T, H2×T-
Depending on H1×T, the self-opening/closing shoji B maintains a closed state using the horizontal bearing 38c as a supporting shaft even if no particularly strong wind blows. In this case, the upper frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 5 of the upper frame 1 is provided as a windbreak so that the wind pressure from the outside does not directly hit the upper stile 21 and the upper part of the shoji membrane 20 of the self-opening/closing shoji B. By reducing H1, the area H2×T that receives the wind pressure for closing H2>>H1 is increased. Next, when the fan F is driven and a negative pressure lower than the outdoor atmospheric pressure is applied to the indoor side surface of the shoji membrane 20 of the self-opening shoji B, the lower frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 11 of the lower frame 8 will automatically open and close the shoji. By reducing the area of the wind pressure receiving part consisting of H4 x T at the bottom of the horizontal axis plane L which is about to close B, and the area of the wind pressure receiving part consisting of H3T x T at the top of the horizontal axis plane L which is about to open. Therefore, by setting H3>>H4 and increasing H3×T, the negative pressure force of the fan on the upper part of the shoji membrane 20 is equal to the wind pressure exerted by the wind on the outdoor side trying to close the self-opening shoji B and To overcome the weight of the weight 33, the self-opening/closing shoji B opens in a horizontally rotating manner around the left and right horizontal bearings 38c or pivots P, allowing outside air to be introduced and ventilation to be performed. Therefore, the opening/closing operation of the self-opening shoji B of the present invention as described above does not require the use of any manual labor or power other than the ventilation fan F for opening/closing the ventilation window W, and is entirely automatic. It is possible to perform opening and closing operations.

(Effects of the invention) Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and function, (1) the self-opening shoji B receives wind pressure from outside due to the wind outside the room when the ventilation fan is stopped; Since the outdoor side is H2×T>>H1×T, the ventilation window W keeps the self-opening shoji B closed.

(2) When the ventilation fan is driven, negative pressure is generated on the indoor side and H3>>H4×T, so the ventilation window W automatically opens the shoji B and takes in air from outside to ventilate the room. decrease.

The above operation is performed automatically by the upper frame and lower frame wind pressure stopper pieces 5 and 11 provided on the self-opening/closing shoji B, and the wind pressure receiving hanging piece 29 of the lower stile 25.
No special opening/closing means or associated opening/closing operations by hand or power are required.

(3) The self-opening/closing function of the self-opening/closing shoji B of this invention is as follows:
A ventilation window can be created by creating or adding simple components such as a wind pressure stopper fin piece and a wind pressure receiving hanging piece to an extruded shape material which is well known as the upper and lower frame materials of the ventilation window W and the frame material of a shoji screen. Compared to the conventional automatic opening/closing type windows that require a complicated mechanism, the structure and price are of course simpler and cheaper. The labor-saving effect of using this method is large because it can be produced at a similar price when compared.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the shoji according to the present invention in a closed state, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shoji in an open state, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shoji in a closed state. 4 is a perspective view of a membrane structure such as an agricultural greenhouse in which the ventilation window of the present invention is installed, and FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a portion showing deformation of the support. Explanation of the symbols representing the main parts of the diagram, W...Ventilation window, G...Membrane structure (of agricultural greenhouses, etc.), M...
...Structure membrane (for example, a vinyl chloride sheet, etc., for the single or double membrane structure G excluding the shoji membrane 20 of the ventilation window W), L1-L2...Horizontal central axis line, L...
Horizontal axis plane (passing through the horizontal center axis L1-L2 of the horizontally rotating support shaft of the self-opening/closing shoji B), A... (the ventilation window W) outer frame, B... (the) self Shoji that opens and closes, 1... Upper frame, 5... Upper frame wind pressure stop fin piece, 8...
Lower frame, 11... Lower frame wind pressure stop fin piece, 15... Vertical frame,
20... Shoji membrane (of self-opening shoji B), 21...
Upper frame, 25... lower stile, 29... (lower stile 25) wind pressure receiving hanging piece, 32... weight holding cylinder, 34... vertical stile, 38... (left and right side of self-opening/closing shoji B) Support body, H1, H2, H3, H4...Vertical dimension, 38
c...Horizontal bearing (of the support 38).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The outer frame A of the ventilation window W is made up of the upper frame 1, the lower frame 8, and the left and right vertical frames 15, and the upper frame 21, the lower frame 25, and the left and right vertical frames 34 are assembled into a rectangular frame. It consists of a self-opening/closing shoji B which is assembled and supported on the left and right vertical frames 15 with the horizontal center axis L1-L2 as a rotation axis, and is attached to the outer frame A so as to be openable and closable. On the indoor side of the upper frame 1, there is an upper frame wind pressure blocking fin piece 5 that covers the upper part of the self-opening shoji B when it is closed, and on the indoor side of the lower frame 8, the self-opening shoji B is provided. A lower frame wind pressure blocking fin piece 11 that covers the upper part when closed is provided, and a wind pressure receiving hanging piece 29 that covers the outdoor surface of the lower frame 8 is provided at the lower edge of the lower frame 25 of the self-opening/closing shoji B. , from the horizontal axis L passing through the horizontal center axis L1-L2, the wind pressure receiving hanging piece 2 of the lower stile 25 of the self-opening/closing shoji B
9 to the lower edge 31 of the outer frame A is set larger than the vertical dimension H1 from the lower edge 6 of the upper frame wind pressure stopper fin piece 5 of the upper frame 1 to the horizontal axis L, In addition, on the indoor side, when the self-opening shoji B is closed, the vertical dimension H3 from the upper edge 23 of the upper stile 21 to the horizontal axis L is determined by the lower frame wind pressure fin piece of the lower frame 8. 11 from the upper edge 12 of the horizontal axis plane L
Self-opening ventilation windows for agricultural greenhouses, etc., set larger than the previous vertical dimension H4.