JPH0483084A - Tunneling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate the execution of tunneling by blocking up an opening of a flexible tubular body fixed to a bank to form a sealed space, and supporting earth pressure by the tubular body while excavating a facing with high pressure water to apply the secondary lining to the inner periphery of the tubular body. CONSTITUTION:After constructing shafts A, B, a reversal tubular body 1 is fixed to a bank of the shaft A and a nozzle 4 is mounted on a water supply pipe 3 to connect the other end to a water supply pump 7. Then, the bank is closed with an air-tight plate 9 and the reversal tubular body l is inserted into the bank to form an enclosed space with the reversal tubular body l and airtight plate 9. Next, respective pumps 2, 7, 8 for air supply, water supply and mud discharge are run to excavate a facing with high pressure water from the nozzle 4, apply hydraulic pressure to the reversal tubular body l to press the body l against the surface of a tunnel and constitute a primary lining member. An opening end of the reversal tubular body 1 is closed and a sprayer 13 is run while maintaining the internal pressure in the tunnel constant to spray mortar or the like to the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel to apply a secondary lining.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for constructing a tunnel, and in particular, a method for constructing a tunnel suitable for constructing a small-diameter tunnel (Prior art) As a method for constructing a small-diameter tunnel There are two known methods for laying pipes: one is to excavate from the ground and install the pipe, and the other is to use propulsion equipment installed in a shaft to propel the pipe.

<Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> The conventional tunnel construction techniques described above have the following problems.

<B> With the cut-and-cover method, the above-ground area cannot be used at all during the period from the start of excavation to backfilling, which has a large impact on above-ground users.

Furthermore, if there are obstacles such as buildings or various buried objects on the excavation plan line, the selection may be overlooked or it will be very difficult to avoid them.

<Exposure> The propulsion method is basically a method of laying tunnels in a straight line, so it is not suitable for constructing curved tunnels.

A method of propelling the vehicle while correcting the propulsion direction has also been proposed, but it is still difficult to deal with cases where there are obstacles along the way or an error occurs in the propulsion direction.

Moreover, in order to deploy the propulsion equipment, it is necessary to widen the horizontal area of the shaft.

<Objective of the present invention> The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a tunnel construction technology that has excellent construction properties, easy direction control, and can be constructed safely. Our goal is to provide the following.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In other words, the present invention uses a flexible cylindrical body, fixes one end of the cylindrical body to the wellhead, and seals the opening of the wellhead to create a donut-shaped sealed space. While excavating by injecting high-pressure water into the face, supplying pressurized fluid into the sealed space to support the earth pressure while inverting the cylinder, and maintaining the airtightness of the sealed space, the cylinder is This is a tunnel construction method in which a secondary lining is placed around the inner circumference of the body.

<Description of the present invention> The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<A> Inverted cylindrical body 1 to 3 show conceptual diagrams of the present invention.

(2) is an inverted cylindrical body that is brought into pressure contact with the tunnel ground.

The properties required of the material of the inversion cylinder 1 are as follows.

(1) It has the flexibility to be reversed.

(2) It is possible to prevent the pressurized fluid (eg, gas such as air) sent from the air supply pump 2 from permeating.

The inverted cylindrical body 1 is wound up into a roll and then pulled out for use.

<Exposure> Means for preventing collapse of the earth In the present invention, the collapse of the earth is prevented by counteracting earth pressure with fluid pressure via the reversing cylinder 1.

<C> Excavation means High-pressure water will be used for excavation.

A nozzle 4 is attached to the tip of the water supply pipe 3, and the nozzle 4 is of an oscillating type and is configured so that the spray direction can be controlled remotely.

<2> Soil removal means The excavated earth and sand are forcibly sucked together with the jetted high-pressure water by the suction hose 5 and removed.

Note that the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 are provided with appropriate rigidity and flexibility.

<E> Tube piping method: Insert the water supply pipe 3 and suction hose 5 into the inverted cylinder 1 in advance.

The base ends of the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 are connected to the inverted cylinder body 1.
The base end of the water supply pipe 3 is connected to the water supply pump 7 via the swivel roll 6, and the base end of the suction hose 5 is connected to the sludge pump 8.
Connect to.

<Effect> I will explain the construction method.

<I> 1! Preparation Work (Fig. 1) After constructing the shafts A and B, the vicinity of the tip of the reversible cylinder 1 pulled out from the roll is expanded and fixed to the entrance of the shaft A on the starting side.

Then, a nozzle 4 is attached to the tip of the water supply pipe 3 housed in the inverted cylinder 1, and the base ends of the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 are connected to a water supply pump 7 and a sludge pump 8, respectively.

Furthermore, the tunnel entrance is closed with a donut-shaped airtight plate 9, and the inverted cylinder 1 is inserted into the central entrance.

At this time, a sealing material is attached to the inner circumferential edge of the central opening of the airtight plate 9, so that airtightness between the circumferential surfaces of the inverting cylinder 1 that slides inside the central opening can be maintained.

As a result, a donut-shaped sealed space is formed by the inverted cylinder 1 and the airtight plate 9.

Finally, the end of the air supply hose 10 extending from the air supply pump 2 is attached to the airtight plate 9 by penetrating it to complete the preparation work.

<Excavation> Excavation work (Figure 1) The air supply pump 2, water supply pump 7, and sludge pump 8 are operated all at once.

Excavation of the face progresses with high-pressure water jetted from the nozzle 4 in the excavation direction.

The earth is excavated using suction hose 5 together with high pressure water after excavation.
It is then discharged to the ground.

<C> Primary lining with inverted cylindrical body (Fig. 1) Air supply pump 2
When fluid pressure is applied to the reversible cylinder 1 from above, the reversible cylinder 1 swells and presses against the surface of the ground immediately after excavation while turning over from front to back.

Since the tonosho is supported by the fluid pressure within the reversible cylinder 1, the reversible cylinder 1 constitutes the primary lining material.

<C> Avoidance of Obstacles If an obstacle exists on the planned excavation line, it is sufficient to simply turn the nozzle 4 in the avoidance direction and excavate.

That is, since the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 have low rigidity, they can follow changes in the direction of excavation, so not only can obstacles be avoided, but also the direction in which the tunnel is laid can be changed freely.

<2> Secondary lining (Fig. 2) After excavating up to shaft B on the reaching side and performing primary lining with inverted cylinder 1, close the open ends of inverted cylinder 1 exposed in each shaft A and B. do.

When closing the opening of the reversing cylinder 1 of the shaft A on the starting side, a transport hose 12 equipped with a spray nozzle 11 at its tip is positioned from the shaft A into the tunnel.

When carrying out this series of work, it is important to maintain the internal pressure of the tunnel at a pressure that can withstand the pressure of the Tonosho.

While keeping the internal pressure of the tunnel constant, the spraying machine 13 is operated to spray mortar or concrete to a predetermined thickness on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel, that is, on the inner circumferential surface of the inverted cylinder 1, thereby performing secondary lining 14. .

Once the strength of the secondary lining 14 has been developed, both ends of the inverted cylindrical body 1 are opened as shown in FIG. 3 to complete the construction.

After the inverted cylinder body 1 is opened, the roof is supported only by the strength of the secondary lining 14.

<Other Examples> Another method of supplying water while positioning the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 inside the inverted cylinder 1 is shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the reversible cylinder 1 inside the shaft A.

This embodiment uses a flat belt-shaped inverted cylinder 1, and is a method in which the inverted cylinder 1 is formed into a cylindrical shape immediately after passing through the bends of the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5.

As a means for forming the inverted cylindrical body 1 into a cylindrical shape, adhesion using an adhesive, thermal welding, or an airtight zipper can be used.

According to this embodiment, it is not necessary to accommodate the water supply pipe 3 and the suction hose 5 in the reversible cylinder 1 from the beginning.

<Effects of the Present Invention> As explained above, the present invention achieves the following effects because it is constructed based on a concept different from conventional tunnel construction techniques.

〉 It can be constructed without excavating the ground and without using propulsion equipment to propel the cylinder.

Therefore, construction can be carried out while using the ground, and the area of the shaft can be reduced.

<Mouth> You can freely change the direction of tunnel construction by simply changing the direction of excavation.

Therefore, it is easy to deal with obstacles underground, and it is also possible to construct tunnels with curves.

<C> Since the earth pressure is supported by fluid pressure via the inverted cylinder, no shoring is required until construction is complete.

In addition, since the inverted cylinder left underground functions as a water stopper, no water stop work is required even in areas with spring water.

<2> Since the inverted cylindrical body with a sealed structure is pressurized, pressurized fluid does not spout out.

<E> Construction can be automated, resulting in significant labor savings.

<F> It can be applied not only to small diameter tunnels but also to general tunnel construction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1.2 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tunnel during the primary lining, showing a conceptual diagram of the present invention. Fig. 2: A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tunnel during the secondary lining; Fig. 3;
Vertical cross-sectional view of the tunnel when completed Figure 4: Explanatory diagram of other embodiments

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A flexible cylindrical body is used, one end of the cylindrical body is fixed to the wellhead, the opening of the wellhead is sealed to form a donut-shaped sealed space, and high-pressure water is injected into the face. While excavating, pressurized fluid is supplied into the sealed space to support earth pressure while inverting the cylindrical body, and a secondary lining is applied to the inner periphery of the cylindrical body while maintaining the airtightness of the sealed space. , How to build a tunnel.