JPH0479612A - Rubidium lamp - Google Patents
Rubidium lampInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0479612A JPH0479612A JP19372490A JP19372490A JPH0479612A JP H0479612 A JPH0479612 A JP H0479612A JP 19372490 A JP19372490 A JP 19372490A JP 19372490 A JP19372490 A JP 19372490A JP H0479612 A JPH0479612 A JP H0479612A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rubidium
- lamp
- mass number
- spectrum
- isotope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 150000003297 rubidium Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005372 isotope separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔概 要〕
ルビジウム原子発振器に使用するルビジウムランプに関
し、
アイソトープ分離した１１７Ｒｂの塩化物又は炭酸塩の
使用を少なくしたルビジウムランプの提供を目的とし、
同位体分離した質量数８７の金属ルビジウムと、同位体
分離していない天然のルビジウムとの混合物をガラス容
器に封入した構成とする。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] Regarding a rubidium lamp used in a rubidium atomic oscillator, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rubidium lamp that uses less isotope-separated 117Rb chloride or carbonate. A mixture of 87 metal rubidium and natural rubidium that has not been isotopically separated is sealed in a glass container.
本発明は、ルビジウム原子発振器に使用するルビジウム
ランプに関する。The present invention relates to a rubidium lamp used in a rubidium atomic oscillator.
ルビジウム原子発振器は周波数安定度９価格。Rubidium atomic oscillator has frequency stability 9 price.
大きさ等の面から、高安定水晶発振器とセシウム原子発
振器の中間に位置づけられ、伝送装置、計測装置、測距
装置等に使用され、近年需要が増加している。In terms of size, oscillators are positioned between highly stable crystal oscillators and cesium atomic oscillators, and are used in transmission equipment, measurement equipment, ranging equipment, etc., and demand has been increasing in recent years.
ところがルビジウムランプに使用する同位体分離した質
量数８７の金属ルビジウムは入手が困難であり高価であ
る為に使用量を極力少なくすることが望まれている。However, since isotopically separated metal rubidium with a mass number of 87 used in rubidium lamps is difficult to obtain and expensive, it is desired to reduce the amount used as much as possible.
第２図は１例のルビジウム原子発振器の構成図、第３図
はルビジウム（”Ｒｂ、”Ｒｂ ） Ｄ線の超微細構造
図、第４図は従来のルビジウムランプ使用時のスペクト
ルを示す図である。Figure 2 is a block diagram of an example of a rubidium atomic oscillator, Figure 3 is a diagram of the ultrafine structure of the rubidium ("Rb," Rb) D line, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the spectrum when using a conventional rubidium lamp. be.
第２図のルビジウム原子発振器は、質量数８７の金属ル
ビジウム（以下＠？Ｒｂと称す）の原子共鳴線（周波数
は略６，８３４６８ＧＨｚ）を周波数基準として使用す
るものである。The rubidium atomic oscillator shown in FIG. 2 uses the atomic resonance line (frequency is approximately 6,83468 GHz) of metal rubidium (hereinafter referred to as @?Rb) having a mass number of 87 as a frequency reference.
即ち、内蔵する水晶発振器１０の周波数を逓倍・合成器
１１にて逓倍・合成して得た６、８３４６８０Ｈ２のマ
イクロ波を、静磁場内に設置した共鳴セル１２に加えた
状態で、共鳴セル１２内の１１７Ｒｂの基底状態分離の
一方（５Ｓｌ／□Ｆ１→５Ｐ）を励起するボンピング光
をルビジウムランプ１から照射した時、マイクロ波が、
Ｉ？Ｒｈの共鳴線からずれると光の吸収が減り、透過光
が増加することを利用して共鳴信号を得、サーボ回路１
３を介して水晶発振器ｌＯを制御し安定な周波数を出力
出来るようにしている。That is, a microwave of 6,834680H2 obtained by multiplying and combining the frequency of the built-in crystal oscillator 10 in the multiplier/synthesizer 11 is applied to the resonant cell 12 installed in a static magnetic field. When the rubidium lamp 1 is irradiated with bombing light that excites one of the ground state separations of 117Rb (5Sl/□F1→5P), the microwaves
I? When deviating from the resonance line of Rh, the absorption of light decreases and the transmitted light increases, which is used to obtain a resonance signal, and the servo circuit 1
3 to control the crystal oscillator lO so as to output a stable frequency.
この場合の光ボンピングの原理を説明すると、ルビジウ
ム原子には質量８７と８５の同位体１１Ｒｂとｌ５Ｒｂ
があり、そのＤ線の超微細構造は第３図に示す通りであ
る。To explain the principle of optical bombing in this case, rubidium atoms have isotopes 11Rb and 15Rb with masses 87 and 85.
The ultrafine structure of the D line is as shown in FIG.
ルビジウムランプ１には１１７Ｒｂが封入されており、
高周波励振により第３図（Ａ）のａ及びｂの遷移にあた
るＤ線を発している。Rubidium lamp 1 is filled with 117Rb,
Due to high frequency excitation, the D line corresponding to the transitions a and b in FIG. 3(A) is emitted.
共鳴セル１２内の８７ＲｈはＤ線の照射により一旦第３
図（Ａ）の５Ｐ準位に励起された後、自然放出によりＦ
＝１．Ｆ＝２レヘレベ同じ比率で落ちる。この過程を繰
り返すことでＦ＝ルベルとＦ−２レベルの原子のポピユ
レーション（存在比）が逆転した負温度状態が得られる
。この状態でＦ＝１．Ｆ＝２間の遷移にあたるマイクロ
波（６゜８３４６８ＧＨｚ）を加えると、誘導放出を起
こし、共鳴信号が得られる。87Rh in the resonant cell 12 is once irradiated with the D-ray
After being excited to the 5P level in Figure (A), F due to spontaneous emission
=1. F = 2 levels fall at the same rate. By repeating this process, a negative temperature state is obtained in which the population (abundance ratio) of atoms at the F=Level and F-2 levels is reversed. In this state, F=1. When microwaves (6°83468 GHz) corresponding to the transition between F=2 are applied, stimulated emission occurs and a resonance signal is obtained.
又ポンピング効率を上げる為に、ｌｌ？Ｒｂの発光の内
ポンピングに不要なａ光と波長が近い第３図（Ｂ）に示
す１ｌｓＲｂのＡ成分をフィルタとして用いる。Also, to increase pumping efficiency, ll? Of the Rb light emission, the A component of 1lsRb shown in FIG. 3B, which has a wavelength close to that of the a light unnecessary for pumping, is used as a filter.
この場合の、ルビジウムランプのスペクトルフィルタの
スペクトル及びルビジウムランプのスペクトルがフィル
タ通過後のスペクトルを示すと第４図の如くで、イで示
すフィルタ通過後のスペクトルが使用されるスペクトル
である。In this case, the spectrum of the spectral filter of the rubidium lamp and the spectrum of the rubidium lamp after passing through the filter are as shown in FIG. 4, and the spectrum after passing through the filter shown by A is the spectrum to be used.
ルビジウム原子発振器には、ｌ？ｎｂを封入したルビジ
ウムランプと共鳴セル ｌ５Ｒｈを封入したフィルタセ
ルの３種類のセルが用いられるものと、フィルタセルと
共鳴セルを一体化した２セル型のものとがあり、第２図
は２セル型のものを示している。Rubidium atomic oscillator has l? There are three types of cells: a rubidium lamp filled with nb, a resonance cell, and a filter cell filled with l5Rh, and a two-cell type that integrates a filter cell and a resonance cell. It shows the type.
この２セル型及び３セル型のルビジウム原子発振器に使
用されているルビジウムランプとしては、ランプ内に、
アイソトープ分離したＩＩ ？Ｒｂの塩化物又は炭酸塩
を原料とし、真空中で還元することで金属状の１′１Ｒ
ｂを生成し、これを封入することでルビジウムランプと
している。The rubidium lamps used in these 2-cell and 3-cell rubidium atomic oscillators contain:
Isotopically separated II? Using Rb chloride or carbonate as raw material, reduction in vacuum produces metallic 1'1R.
A rubidium lamp is produced by generating b and encapsulating it.
しかしながら、原料であるアイソトープ分離した＠？Ｒ
ｈの塩化物又は炭酸塩は極めて高価（ダラム当たり１０
０万円以上）であるばかりでなく、この同位元素分離技
術を持つ製造元が米ソの２が所に限られ生産量も少ない
ことがら、ルビジウムランプの量産が困難になった問題
点がある。However, the raw material isotope separated @? R
The chlorides or carbonates of h are extremely expensive (10
In addition to the fact that there are only two manufacturers in the United States and the Soviet Union who have this isotope separation technology, and the production volume is small, it has become difficult to mass produce rubidium lamps.
本発明は、アイソトープ分離した＃？Ｒｈの塩化物又は
炭酸塩の使用を少なくしたルビジウムランプの提供を目
的としている。The present invention is an isotope-separated #? The object of the present invention is to provide a rubidium lamp that uses less Rh chloride or carbonate.
〔課題を解決するための手段］
同位体分離していない、質量数８７と８５のルビジウム
の化合物である天然のルビジウムには１１７Ｒｂの同位
体が２７．８％程度含まれており安価（ダラム当たり数
１００円）で入手し易い点に着目し、同位体分離した質
量数８７の金属ルビジウムと、同位体分離していない天
然のルビジウムとの混合物をガラス容器に封入するよう
にする。[Means for solving the problem] Natural rubidium, which is a compound of rubidium with mass numbers 87 and 85, which has not been isotopically separated, contains about 27.8% of the 117Rb isotope and is inexpensive (per duram). Focusing on the fact that it is easily available for a few hundred yen), a mixture of isotopically separated metal rubidium with a mass number of 87 and natural rubidium that is not isotopically separated is sealed in a glass container.
〔作 用］
本発明によれば、同位体分離した質量数８７の金属ルビ
ジウムと、同位体分離していない天然のルビジウムとの
混合物をガラス容器に封入してルビジウムランプとして
おり、例えば、同位体分離した質量数８７の金属ルビジ
ウムと同じ量の＠？Ｒｂの同位体を含む天然のルビジウ
ムとの混合物を用いるようにすれば、同位体分離した質
量数８７の金属ルビジウムの使用量は１／２となり価格
も略１／２となり、量産が可能となる。[Function] According to the present invention, a mixture of isotopically separated metal rubidium having a mass number of 87 and natural rubidium that is not isotopically separated is sealed in a glass container to make a rubidium lamp. The same amount @ as the isolated metal rubidium with mass number 87? If a mixture with natural rubidium containing the Rb isotope is used, the amount of isotopically separated metal rubidium with a mass number of 87 will be halved and the price will be reduced to approximately half, making mass production possible. .
〔実施例］
第１図は本発明のルビジウムランプ使用時のスペクトル
を示す図である。[Example] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a spectrum when the rubidium lamp of the present invention is used.
第１図は、同位体分離した質量数８７の金属ルビジウム
と同じ量の１ｌｆｆＲｂの同位体を含む天然のルビジウ
ムとの混合物を用いた場合の、ルビジウムランプのスペ
クトル、フィルタのスペクトル及びルビジウムランプの
スペクトルがフィルタ通過後のスペクトルを示すもので
ある。Figure 1 shows the spectrum of a rubidium lamp, the spectrum of a filter, and the spectrum of a rubidium lamp using a mixture of isotopically separated metal rubidium with a mass number of 87 and natural rubidium containing the same amount of 1lffRb isotope. shows the spectrum after passing through the filter.
この場合のルビジウムランプのスペクトルは８５Ｒｂも
含んだものとなるので、ａとｂ間にも発光スペクトルが
あるがフィルタ通過後のスペクトルはは第１図斜線で示
すスペクトルとなり、第４図に示すスペクトルに略近い
ものとなり、ルビジウム発振器として略満足するものが
得られた。In this case, the spectrum of the rubidium lamp includes 85Rb, so there is also an emission spectrum between a and b, but the spectrum after passing through the filter is the shaded spectrum in Figure 1, and the spectrum shown in Figure 4. The result was almost satisfactory as a rubidium oscillator.
以上詳細に説明せる如く本発明によれば、同位体分離し
た質量数８７の金属ルビジウムの使用量が減少し価格も
低下し、量産が可能となる効果がある。As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, the amount of isotopically separated metal rubidium having a mass number of 87 is reduced, the price is also reduced, and mass production becomes possible.
第１図は本発明のルビジウムランプ使用時のスペクトル
を示す図、
第２図は１例のルビジウム原子発振器の構成図、第３図
はルビジウム（”Ｒｈ、８５Ｒｂ ） Ｄ線の超微細構
造図、
第４図は従来のルビジウムランプ使用時のスペクトルを
示す図である。
図において、
■はルビジウムランプ、
１０は水晶発振器、
１１は逓倍器、
１２は共鳴セル、
〔発明の効果〕
１伊１のルビジウム原子発振器の惺域”２凭２図
（Ａ）
（Ｂ）
１ｂ
８５％。
１図
ルビジウム（２７Ｒｂ７りＦ？ｂ）［）線の起黴細慎造
図第５図Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the spectrum when using the rubidium lamp of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of an example of a rubidium atomic oscillator, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the ultrafine structure of rubidium (Rh, 85Rb) D line. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a spectrum when using a conventional rubidium lamp. In the figure, ① is a rubidium lamp, 10 is a crystal oscillator, 11 is a multiplier, 12 is a resonant cell, [Effects of the invention] 1 and 1. Figure 2 (A) (B) 1b 85%. Figure 1. Origin of rubidium (27Rb7riF?b) [) line. Figure 5.
Claims (1)
分離していない天然のルビジウムとの混合物をガラス容
器に封入したことを特徴とするルビジウムランプ。A rubidium lamp characterized in that a mixture of isotopically separated metallic rubidium having a mass number of 87 and natural rubidium that is not isotopically separated is sealed in a glass container.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19372490A JPH0479612A (en) | 1990-07-20 | 1990-07-20 | Rubidium lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19372490A JPH0479612A (en) | 1990-07-20 | 1990-07-20 | Rubidium lamp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0479612A true JPH0479612A (en) | 1992-03-13 |
Family
ID=16312746
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19372490A Pending JPH0479612A (en) | 1990-07-20 | 1990-07-20 | Rubidium lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0479612A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995011432A1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-04-27 | Komatsu Ltd. | Detector for wavelength of excimer laser |
| EP0739583A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-30 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings |
| US5653055A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-08-05 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings |
| EP0898867A1 (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-03 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Machine for transplanting seedlings |
| JP2012004469A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2012-01-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | Atomic oscillator |
-
1990
- 1990-07-20 JP JP19372490A patent/JPH0479612A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995011432A1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-04-27 | Komatsu Ltd. | Detector for wavelength of excimer laser |
| US5653055A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-08-05 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings |
| EP0739583A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-30 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings |
| EP0898867A1 (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-03 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Machine for transplanting seedlings |
| US5996513A (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-12-07 | Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha | Machine for transplanting seedlings |
| JP2012004469A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2012-01-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | Atomic oscillator |
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