JPH0475841A - Tool exchanging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent separation of a tool from exchange arms by forcibly unfolding the exchange arms against the force of a spring member by means of a forced unfolding mechanism through movement of an operation shaft to the one in the direction of an axis and locking the exchange arms in a folding direction by means of a lock mechanism during movement of the operation shaft to the other. CONSTITUTION:an exchange shaft 26 is vertically slid by means of a lever 28 for vertical movement, and a gear 29 is engaged with a gear 46 at the lowering limit of an exchange shaft 26. With this state, a drive wheel 49 is rotated, a Genera wheel 47 is rotated by means of a roller 49a of the drive wheel 49, and the exchange shaft 26 is rotated in a 180 deg. arc. When the operation shaft 34 is pressed by means of a lever 36 for unfolding and folding at the rise limit of the exchange shaft 26, a spherical member 40 is pressed outward through the action of a slope part 37 of a forced unfolding mechanism P. The exchange arms 32 are forcibly unfolded against the force of a spring member 33 through the spherical member 40, and when the operation shaft 34 is raised through the force of a spring 35, the exchange arms 32 are folded through the action of a slope part 37 and through the spring member 33. The lock pin of a lock mechanism is engaged internally of a lock hole 44 to lick unfolding and folding operation of the exchange arms 32.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a tool changing device used in a machine tool, such as a vertical or horizontal machining center.

[Prior art] Conventionally, this type of tool changing device was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-52.
As shown in Publication No. 942 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 63-52945, an exchange shaft is disposed between the main spindle and the tool magazine section, and two pairs of exchange arms that can be opened and closed are disposed on the exchange shaft, A device is known in which a tool mounted on a main spindle and a tool to be replaced in a tool magazine section are exchanged by opening/closing operations of two sets of exchange arms and axial movement and rotation of an exchange shaft.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the case of these conventional structures, the closing action of the replacement arm is performed by a spring member, which tends to make gripping of the tool unstable, and the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the replacement arm This has the disadvantage that the tool may become detached due to other reasons, which may impede tool replacement work.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention aims to solve these inconveniences, and its gist is that an exchange shaft is disposed between the main spindle and the tool magazine section, and the exchange shaft is connected to the exchange shaft. A pair of exchangeable arms that can be opened and closed are arranged, and the tool that is attached to the main shaft and the tool that is to be exchanged in the tool magazine section are operated by the opening and closing operations of the two sets of exchangeable arms and the axial movement and rotation of the exchange shaft. In a tool changer for exchanging tools, a spring member capable of biasing the exchange arms in a direction to close each other is disposed, an operating shaft is provided within the exchange shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction, and one of the operating shafts I\ A push-opening mechanism is provided that pushes the replacement arm open against a spring member by movement of the operating shaft, and allows the replacement arm to be pushed open when the operating shaft is moved in one direction, and locks the replacement arm when moved in the other direction. A tool changing device is characterized in that it is configured with a locking mechanism.

``Function'' The exchange arms are urged in the direction of closing each other by the spring member,
When the operation shaft moves in one direction, the exchange arm is pushed open against the spring member by the push-opening mechanism, and when the operation axis moves in the other direction, the exchange arm is locked in the opening direction by the lock mechanism.

[Example] Figs. 1 to 9 show an example in which the present invention is implemented in a vertical machining center, where I is a main shaft, and the main shaft is provided on a column 2 so as to be slidable up and down. A drawbar 4 is installed vertically and rotated by a motor (not shown) in a slidable manner within the main shaft 1, and a plurality of disc springs 5 for upwardly pulling the drawbar 4 are installed inside the main shaft 1. A tool T is attached to the lower end of the main shaft 1. An insertion hole 7 is formed into which the holder 6 fitted with the holder 6 can be fitted, and a protruding pin 9 biased upward by a spring 8 is provided on the spindle head 3.
A clamp lever 10 that presses the protruding pin 9 downward is provided, and the clamp lever stirrup is provided to be swingable by a cam outside the section.The holder 6 is then fitted into the insertion hole 7, and the drawbar is inserted into the pull stud 11 of the holder 6. 4 is engaged, the holder 6 is clamped by being pulled by the disc spring 5, and the protruding pin 9 is pushed by the clamp lever 10 to lower the drawbar 4, and the ball is detected and the pull stud l! The structure is such that any engagement action is released to create an unclamped state.

Reference numeral B denotes a tool magazine section, which is disposed on the above-mentioned column 2 side, with a rotating shaft k installed vertically on the column 2 side, a support stand mounted on the column 2 side, and a sliding concave groove on the support stand 5. formed into a ring,
A plurality of tool pots 17 are slidably arranged in an annular manner in the sliding groove, and the tool pot U is engaged with the pull stud 11 of the holder 6 in a protruding state and detachable in a retracted state. A stopper plate is provided so as to be retractable, and a retainer 64 having the same shape as the insertion hole 7 is formed on the tool bot, a drive plate portion is attached to the rotating shaft k, and a plurality of holders are provided radially on the drive plate. Fit the U-shaped holder 6 into each holder 6, cut out a part of the support base, and install a transfer platform slidably in the cutout to support the cylinder U on which the transfer platform slides. A groove 5 having the same cross-sectional shape as the sliding groove holder is formed in the transfer platform, and the rotating shaft k is indexed and rotated by an external motor, and each tool bot is connected to the drive plate. A is slid and rotated, and the tool pot U holding the tool T to be replaced is rotated and transferred to the transfer table,
The selected tool pot 17 is configured to be transportable by the cylinder U from the selected rotation position to the tool exchange position A.

The part has an exchange shaft, which is rotatably installed vertically on the main spindle head 3, and a push ring is fixed to the upper end of the exchange shaft, and the push ring is rocked by a cam (not shown) on the arm 27a of the exchange shaft. Engage the roller 28a of the vertical movement lever 4 to be moved, fix the gear 4 in the middle of the exchange shaft, attach the attachment part addition to the lower end of the exchange shaft,
A pair of interchangeable arms that can be opened and closed by a fulcrum actuator are arranged in opposite directions on the attachment section, and a spring is provided between the attachment section attachment and the exchange arm section to bias the exchange arms in the direction of closing each other. Element! 33 interposed therebetween.

P is a push-open mechanism, in which the exchange shaft is hollow and the operating ring is disposed so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a spring is mounted on the upper part of the operating ring to bias the operating ring upward. A lever for opening and closing, which is swung by a cam (not shown), is arranged oppositely above the upper end of the operating wheel, and two sloped winnows are provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the operating wheel, respectively on opposite sides. The mounting member (material) is connected to the passage field facing the slope part and the passage field, and the replacement JI
A passageway 9 facing the inner surface of the lii32 is formed, and the road area/
A ball member (in this case, four steel balls) is housed within the area, and a direction changing pin 41 is screwed onto the mounting member (material).

L is a locking mechanism; in this case, a support plate is fixed to the lower end of the operating ring, four lock pin cores with conical tips are implanted in the support plate ζ, and the locking mechanism is locked to the replacement arm. A lock hole is formed into which a pin core can be fitted.

In this case, the six locks are formed so that they are shifted so that the replacement arm is pushed in the closing direction, and the main shaft head 3 is provided with a Geneva shaft 6, and the Geneva shaft 6 is provided with a gear shaft that can mesh with the gear 4. The Geneva shaft 6 is fixed to the Geneva shaft 6, the intermediate shaft trusses are arranged in parallel to the Geneva shaft 6, the motive wheel 6 is fixed to the intermediate shaft guide, and the intermediate shaft ζ is rotated by a motor (not shown). It is composed of

Therefore, the exchange shaft part slides up and down by the vertical movement lever 4,
Lowering limit gear 4 of the exchange shaft meshes with gear 6, and in this state, the driving wheel rotates, the Geneva gear is rotated by the roller 49a of the driving wheel, and the exchange shaft rotates 180 degrees. Also, when the operating lever is pressed down by the opening/closing lever at the upper limit of the exchange shaft part, the ball member chrysanthemum is pushed outward by the action of the slope part of the push-opening mechanism P, and the ball member A is pushed outward through the ball member a. The replacement arm part is pushed open against the spring member field, and when the operating lever is raised by the spring 5, the replacement arm member is closed by the action of the slope part and the spring member field, and the opening of the locking mechanism is closed. Nkubinshin will be inserted into the lock six plays and will lock the opening and closing movements of the exchange arms.

Since this embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, in the tool magazine section B, the rotation axis μ is indexed and rotated by a motor (not shown) to slide and rotate a plurality of tool bots 17, and the tool bot holding the tool T to be replaced. U is indexed and rotated and rotated and transferred to the transfer table, and when the tool change time comes, the tool bot ``with the tool T to be replaced is transferred to the tool exchange position A by the transfer table, and the tool bot ``U'' is transferred to the tool exchange position A by the transfer table. In this state, the holder 6 is fitted into the insertion hole 7, and the pull stud 11 of the holder 6 is engaged with the ball provided on the drawbar 4, so that the holder 6 is pulled by the disc spring 5 and is in a clamped state. The operating shaft is pushed downward by the lever handle, and the replacement arm is pushed open via the ball member I of the push-opening mechanism P. In this state, the operating shaft is first pushed open by the action of the opening/closing lever and the spring field. When raised, the replacement arm closes due to the action of the slope part of the push-open map and the spring member field, clamping and gripping the holder 6 and the tool bot U, respectively, and the lock bin center of the locking mechanism moves toward the lock 6. Once inserted, the opening operation of the replacement arm is locked, and then the drawbar 4 is pushed downward via the protruding pin 9 by the clamp lever, the engagement between the ball and the pull stud 11 is released, and the holder 6 is in an unclamped state, and then the exchange shaft is lowered by the vertical movement lever 4, and the holder 6 holding the tool T and the tool pot light are removed from the insertion hole 7 and the holding hole 4, respectively, and the exchange shaft is lowered. At the end, gear 4 meshes with the gear head, and in this state, the prime mover rotates, the roller 41a of the prime mover rotates Geneva ζ, and the exchange shaft rotates 180 degrees to rotate the tool T to be exchanged. The holder B with the tool T to be replaced is located facing the main shaft 1 side, and the holder 6 with the tool T to be replaced is located facing the tool pot U side.Then, the replacement shaft part is raised by the lever row for vertical movement, and each holder 6 is inserted. The pull stud 11 of the holder 6 inserted into the mounting hole 7 and the holding hole 4 is suspended and held by the locking body part of the tool bot version, and then the protruding pin 9 is moved by the action of the clamp lever 10. The drawbar 4 is separated from the drawbar 4, is pulled upward by the disc spring 5, engages the ball catch with the pull stud (■), pulls up the holder 6 into a clamped state, and then presses the operating lever with a part of the opening/closing lever. lower it,
Due to the action of the slope part, the ball member is pushed outward, and the exchange arm part is pushed open against the spring member field via the ball member chrysanthemum, as shown by the imaginary line in Figure 4. The normal state is reached, and the tool exchange operation is performed.Then, the tool bot ``suspended on the transfer table'' is transferred by the transfer table and retreated to the annular groove 16 position, and by the index rotation of the rotating shaft H. Next, the tool T to be replaced is operated, and various machining operations are performed by vertically moving the spindle head 3 in the Z direction and moving the work table (not shown) in the X-Y direction in the normal state shown in FIG. Become.

In this case, the replacement arms are urged in the direction of closing each other by the spring Murata, and the push-opener f is moved to one side of the operating ring.
With the iP, the replacement arm can be pushed open against the spring member field, and when the operating wheel is moved to the other side, the replacement arm can be locked in the opening direction by the locking mechanism. The opening/closing structure can be simplified, manufacturing costs can be reduced, and safety can be improved by preventing the tool from coming off the replacement arm due to an unexpected opening operation of the replacement arm.

Note that the structures of the push-opening mechanism P and the locking machine ML are not limited to the above embodiments, but may be designed as appropriate.

Furthermore, although the above-mentioned embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is implemented in a set type machining center, the present invention can also be applied to, for example, a horizontal type machining center or other machine tools.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, the replacement arms are urged in the direction of closing each other by the spring member, and the replacement arm is pushed open against the spring member by the push-opening mechanism by movement of one of the operating shafts I\. The exchange arm can be locked in the opening direction by the locking mechanism when the operation axis moves to the other side, which simplifies the opening/closing structure of the exchange arm and reduces manufacturing costs. Safety can be improved by preventing the tool from coming off the exchange arm due to an unexpected opening operation.

As described above, the intended purpose can be fully achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view, FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view, section 3 is a partial sectional view, FIG. 4 is a partial plan sectional view, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view thereof, FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a time chart thereof. 1...Main shaft, B...Tool magazine part, Part...Exchange shaft, Clear...Replacement arm, Field...Spring member, Winnow...Operation axis, T...Tool, L...・Lock mechanism, P...Push open t1
1 oval.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An exchange shaft is disposed between the main spindle and the tool magazine section, two pairs of exchange arms that can be opened and closed are disposed on the exchange shaft, and the opening and closing operations of the two sets of exchange arms and the axial movement of the exchange shaft are provided. Further, in a tool changing device that rotates a tool mounted on a main shaft and a tool to be replaced in a tool magazine section, a spring member that can bias the changing arms in a direction to close each other is disposed, An operating shaft is provided within the shaft so that it can be moved in the axial direction.
A push-open mechanism is provided to push and open the replacement arm against a spring member when the operating shaft is moved to one side, and when the operating shaft is moved to one side, the replacement arm can be pushed open when the operating shaft is moved to the other side. A tool changing device characterized by comprising a locking mechanism capable of locking the changing arm.