JPH0472189A - No-arching hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the hopper capacity drastically without causing arching by a method wherein the planary shape of the main body and outlets of a hopper are formed into laterally long shape such as rectangular, oval or other shapes, and the upper layer part and lower layer part of the hopper main body are formed into an approximately straight cylindrical shape. CONSTITUTION:For the main body of a hopper, an upper layer part U from an inlet 10 to a central part 11 is formed into a straight cylindrical shape by maintaining the oval planary shape vertically, and a lower layer L from the central part 11 to an outlet 1 is also formed into an approximately straight cylindrical shape continuously from the upper layer part U. The inlet 10 is formed into a laterally long shape. Three gates are provided at the outlet 1, and by doing this, the outlet 1 has an opening area which is approximately equal to the opening at the inlet 10. When an operator opens a gate 5 by operating a cylinder 5d, earth and sand accumulated in the hopper drops vigorously from the outlet. Realistically, an object to obstruct a dropping space for earth and sand does not exist. Loading of earth and sand to a dump truck is completed in an extremely short period of time. When one of the gates is plugged, by simply opening another gate which has been closed, earth and sand drops, and plugging of the plugged gate is also solved by one effort.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a hopper for loading earth and sand into a dump truck. Specifically, this is an improved invention regarding the hopper shape.

F Conventional technology] A conventional hopper will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the conventional hopper, the 5th section is a right side view of the same,
The sixth figure is a left side view of the same. In the conventional hopper, the inlet 10 is formed into a large, perfect circle, the outlet l is formed with a small opening area about half of the opening area of the inlet lO, and 20 rectangular gates 5 are arranged in parallel at the outlet l to form an almost square shape. I'm on the exit. In this way, for reasons described later, the conventional hopper has an inlet 10 of 4780 mm in diameter, a total height of 10 m from the inlet 10 to the gate 5, and a length from the λ port 10 to the vertical center (hereinafter, the height above this center). The part (hereinafter referred to as the "upper part U") is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the part from the center part to the outlet (hereinafter the part below this center part is referred to as the "lower part L") is formed into a narrow funnel shape. 1 is arranged in an almost square shape.

The gate 5 is formed by rectangular gates 20 arranged in parallel, and the gate 10 is formed by a gate 1 movably attached to open and close the exit 1.
It is composed of a pair of holding trays, and one cylinder 5d grips the outside of each of the pair of holding trays and moves back and forth to open and close the gate 5. Therefore, the cylinder 5d is the hopper 1
Each base is equipped with a total of 4 pieces.

The reason why conventional hoppers are configured this way is related to the size of the dump truck loading platform and the capacity of the hopper itself, but before we explain this, let us first explain how the work of loading earth and sand into a dump truck is done. explain. That is, when earth and sand etc. are put into the hopper cup, one dump truck stops under the hopper. Gates 5 and 20 are opened and earth and sand are loaded from the hopper onto a rectangular loading platform. The driver monitors the load and when one side of the loading platform is full of sand, he moves the dump truck slightly and places the empty area under the gate. When the entire loading platform is full,
The gate operator activates the cylinder to close the gate. When the first dump truck leaves and the second dump truck takes its place, the gate is opened again and the process is repeated. In this way, the earth and sand that had been dumped into the Hombar Cup will be emptied for the first time using several dump trucks.

Therefore, the larger the capacity of the hopper, the more dump trucks can be transported one after another, which is desirable in terms of work efficiency. However, since there are restrictions on the shape and dimensions of the dump truck loading platform, similar restrictions must be applied to the hopper outlet. Therefore, in order to increase the capacity of the hopper, it was considered to make the hopper higher, and to make the upper part U of the hopper have a larger capacity and the lower part to be narrower, resulting in the current shape.

[Problems with the Prior Art] However, the conventional hopper has the drawback of clogging with earth and sand, which causes so-called arching. When the gate is opened, the sediment falls towards the exit, or because the lower part is shaped like a funnel for the reasons mentioned above, the momentum of the sediment passing through the narrow exit tends to weaken due to the stickiness of the sediment itself. be.

This is especially true now that hardeners are used to compact the soil. Since the earth and sand often clump together in the hopper, it is more common for it to become clogged, and even when the gate is opened, the earth and sand hangs down at the outlet like a bag, forming an arch shape. Such stagnation is called arching and is disliked. The only way to eliminate arching is to use a stick to break up the mud mass from below the exit.

However, this work of breaking down is not easy and is sometimes dangerous. However, since such arching often occurs, loading the dump truck into a dump truck is actually time-consuming.

[Means for Solving the Problems 1] The means adopted by the no-aching honova of the present invention in order to solve the above-mentioned problems are as follows. The hopper body is formed into a shape, and the upper and lower parts of the hopper body are formed into a substantially continuous body.Also, the longitudinal shape is realized by increasing the number of exit gates. shall be.

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the hopper of the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a left side view of the hopper of the same embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hopper main body has an oval inlet 10, and as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. It is configured to be continuous. More specifically, the main body of the hopper has an upper part U from an inlet 10 to a central part 11 that maintains an oval shape vertically in a planar shape and is formed into a long body, and a lower part U from the central part 11 to an outlet l. It is also continuous with the upper part U and is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape. However, since the lower part is assembled by using the peripheral members of the gate 5 used in the prior art from the center part 11 at the upper end downwardly, the shape of the gate 5 is somewhat distorted. This is intended to avoid increasing manufacturing costs. That is, the gate 5 is movably attached to a pair of holding trays 5b and 5c suspended on a shaft 5a, facing each other from left and right, and a cylinder 5d rotatably fixed to the hopper body.
is holding the outer ends of these holding trays 5b and 5c and releasing the cylinder 5.
It is opened and closed by the reciprocating motion of d. However, in this embodiment, unlike the prior art, the entrance 10 is formed horizontally.

In FIG. 1, the lateral dimension of the opening of the entrance 10 is formed to be the same as the opening of the prior art, and the longitudinal dimension is formed to be horizontally elongated to accommodate the extra gate 5 or 10 of the conventional technique. 30 gates are provided at the exit 1, so that the exit 1 has an opening area approximately comparable to the opening of the entrance 10. The cylinders 5d are individually fixed to each holding tray 5b, so that a total of six cylinders are provided.

In this embodiment, 30 gates 5 are arranged in parallel, but a larger number of gates 5, for example, 50 gates 5 may be arranged in parallel.

[Operation] According to the hopper of the first embodiment, the dump truck enters under the gate 5 from the longitudinal direction of the hopper and stops. At this time, the loading platform is stopped so as to be under all 30 gates 5.

If the dump truck is small and the loading platform cannot cover the length of all 30 gates 5, the dump truck is stopped under the center gate 5, for example. Next, when the operator operates the cylinder 5d to open the gate 5, the earth and sand piled up in the hopper fall forcefully from the outlet. At this time, since the hopper body is almost the same size from the upper part U to the lower part, unlike the conventional funnel-shaped case, there is virtually no object blocking the space in which the earth and sand can fall. Furthermore, if the length of the loading platform is longer than the total length of the plurality of gates, all the gates can be opened uniformly, and the loading of earth and sand into the dump truck can be completed in an extremely short time.

Conversely, if the length of the loading platform is smaller than the total length of the plurality of gates, it is possible to adjust the gates according to the length of the loading platform, such as opening only 10 or 20 gates at the same time. Furthermore, according to the present invention in which many gates are arranged in parallel,
Not only is it now possible to load two or more dump trucks at the same time, but if one of the gates becomes jammed, simply opening another gate that was previously closed will allow dirt, etc., to fall and be evacuated. This is useful because it may be possible to eliminate the blockage even at the clogged gate at once.

On the other hand, the capacity of the hopper is determined by the fact that the hopper body is horizontally elongated and the entire lengthwise area is approximately half-sized, so for example, if the gate is set to 30, the height of the hopper can be lowered by about 10%. It is also possible to secure approximately 50% more capacity than conventional products.

Furthermore, the manufacturing process involves dividing a conventional perfect circular cylindrical hopper into two equal parts vertically, and placing two flat plates facing each other in between to make the hopper horizontally longer. Since it can be easily formed by connecting (bolting or welding) to, there is no special trouble and there is no problem in terms of cost.

[Effect of the Invention J] According to the hopper of the present invention, earth and sand etc. can be dropped smoothly and arching does not occur. Since the hopper capacity is significantly larger than that of the conventional product, the product of the present invention can provide a single hopper with the same capacity as multiple conventional products. Moreover, since the required manufacturing time and material costs are approximately the same for one conventional hopper and one for the product of the present invention, the equipment cost required for processing the same capacity can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 are plan views showing one embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
A right side view and a left side view, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are a plan view, a right side view, and a left side view, respectively, showing a conventional example. Patent applicant Tokyo Kyoei Shokai Co., Ltd. Patent attorney
Takashi Kobayashi Figure 1 Figure 1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) No-arching, characterized in that the main body and outlet of the hopper are formed into a rectangular, elliptical, or other horizontally elongated planar shape, and the upper and lower parts of the hopper main body are formed into a substantially continuous body. Hopper. (2) The no-arching hopper according to claim 1, wherein the horizontally elongated shape is achieved by increasing the number of exit gates.