JPH0464271B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention enables accurate and quick confirmation of the location of a vein with a simple operation, and also enables confirmation of whether blood is sufficiently flowing through the vein. The present invention relates to a vein exploration device.

(Prior Art) In order for a doctor or nurse to administer an intravenous injection or drip to a patient, they must first be able to confirm the exact position of the patient's vein where they will puncture the injection needle or catheter. The fat layer near the inner arm joint is relatively thin, making it relatively easy to identify veins.
Therefore, the upper arm is usually strangled with a rubber band or the like to stop the blood circulation in the veins, and the veins are made to stand out due to the blood pressure to confirm the position more accurately.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) Incidentally, the thicker the fat layer, the more difficult it is to confirm the position of the vein, and it may not be possible to confirm the position even if the above-mentioned rubber band or the like is used. When the location of the vein cannot be confirmed by simply squeezing the upper arm with a rubber band, the conventional methods of warming the arm or probing the vein with the tip of a needle are used, but this requires skill and requires a lot of effort from the patient. There was a problem that caused great pain. Furthermore, routine procedures performed on hospitalized patients at night are made more difficult by performing them in the dim light. Furthermore, it is difficult to perform emergency treatment.
Furthermore, sometimes blood does not flow sufficiently into the found vein due to a cause such as a blood clot. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to confirm that blood is flowing through the vein where intravenous injection or drip is performed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances regarding confirmation of the position of a vein, and allows the position of a vein to be confirmed accurately and quickly with a simple operation, as well as to determine whether or not blood is flowing through the vein. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vein exploration device that enables confirmation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the vein exploration device of the present invention is configured as follows.

First, the vein exploration device of the present invention includes a light emitting means that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by blood in the veins, and a light emitting means that emits reflected light that is placed on both sides of the light emitting means. 2 to receive light
a comparing means for comparing outputs according to the amount of light received by these two light receiving means; and a comparing means for comparing outputs according to the amount of light received by these two light receiving means, and determining whether the amount of light received by the two light receiving means is stronger or the same according to the output of the comparing means. a position display means for displaying, a pulsation detection means for detecting a pulsation component from an output corresponding to the amount of light received by at least one of the light receiving means, and a pulsation display for displaying the presence or absence of the pulsation component according to the output of the pulsation detection means. It is comprised of means and. The pulsation detecting means may be configured to operate when the amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are the same.

The vein exploration device of the present invention also includes a light emitting means that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by blood in the veins, and a light emitting means that is arranged on both sides of the light emitting means to reflect light. A plurality of sets of optical detection means consisting of two light reception means are arranged at the tip of the housing so that the light emitting means are lined up in a row in the front and back direction, and A position where comparison means for comparing outputs according to the amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are provided respectively, and it is indicated whether the amount of light received by the two light receiving means is weaker or the same depending on the outputs of these comparing means. A display means is provided for each, and a pulsation detection means is provided for detecting a pulsation component from an output corresponding to the amount of light received by at least one of the light receiving means, and a pulsation for displaying the presence or absence of the pulsation according to the output of the pulsation detection means. It may be constructed by providing a display means.
It is also possible to configure the pulsation detection means to operate when the amounts of light received by a plurality of sets of the two light receiving means are all the same.

Furthermore, the vein exploration device of the present invention includes one light emitting means that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by blood in the veins, and two light emitting means that face each other with this light emitting means in the center. Optical detection means consisting of a plurality of pairs of light receiving stages arranged radially to receive reflected light are provided, each of which is provided with a comparing means for comparing the output according to the amount of light received by the opposing pairs of light receiving means; When the amount of light received by the pair of light receiving means is different according to the output of the comparing means, one of the two display elements is turned on and the other is turned off to indicate which one has the weaker amount of light received, and when the amount of light received is the same. Detection and display means for lighting up both display elements are provided in the same number as the pairs of light emitting means, and a pulsation detection means for detecting a pulsation component from an output corresponding to the amount of light received by at least one of the light reception means is provided. A pulsation display means for displaying the presence or absence of the pulsation component according to the output of the detection means may be provided. It is also possible to configure the pulsation detecting means to operate when the amount of light received by a predetermined pair of light receiving means is the same.

(Function) First, the light emitted from the light emitting means passes through the skin and is absorbed by the blood in the veins. Further, the light that is not irradiated to the veins is reflected by human tissues such as fat layers, and this reflected light passes through the skin again and is received by the light receiving means. The amount of reflected light changes depending on the position of the two light receiving means with respect to the vein,
The amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are different. That is,
The position of the vein can be confirmed by the difference in the amount of reflected light due to the difference in light absorption characteristics between the vein and other tissues. Therefore, if the amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are different, the position display means corresponding to the light receiving means receiving the weaker amount of light is displayed to indicate that the position of the vein has shifted. Further, if the amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are the same, this is displayed on the position display means to indicate that the position of the vein coincides with the center of the device. Further, when blood flows through the veins, the amount of light received by the light receiving means includes a pulsation component corresponding to the pulsation due to changes in blood flow velocity due to pulsation. Therefore, the pulsation component is detected by the pulsation detection means from the output corresponding to the amount of light received by the light reception means. Then, if enough blood is flowing through the veins and a pulsating component can be detected at a predetermined level or higher,
The pulsation display means is lit to indicate that blood is flowing through the located vein. If the pulsation detection means is operated when the amounts of light received by the two light receiving means are the same, then when the position of the present device matches a vein, it is determined and displayed whether or not blood is flowing in that vein.

Further, a plurality of sets of optical detection means are arranged at the tip of the housing so that the light emitting means are aligned in a row in the front and back direction,
If a position display means is provided for each, when all the position display means display that the amount of light received by the two light receiving means is the same, the position and direction of the device will be determined relative to the position and direction of the vein. are in agreement. Further, whether or not blood is flowing through the found vein is indicated by whether or not the pulsation display means is lit. If the pulsation detection means is operated when the amount of light received by the two light receiving means in multiple sets is the same, then when the position and direction of this device match the vein, it is possible to determine whether blood is flowing through the vein. Distinguish and display whether or not.

Furthermore, a plurality of pairs of light receiving means are arranged radially to face each other with one light emitting means in the center, and when the amount of light received by the pair of light receiving means is different, one of the two display elements is turned on and the other is turned off. If a detection display means is provided for each of the detection and display means that lights up both display elements when the amount of light received is the same, both display elements of the detection and display means corresponding to the pair of light reception means that match the position and direction of the vein will light up. be done.
Further, the pulsation display means indicates whether or not blood is flowing through the found vein. If the pulsation detecting means is operated when the amount of light received by the predetermined pair of light receiving means is the same, then when the position and direction of the vein match the line connecting the predetermined pair of light receiving means, blood flows into the vein. Distinguish and display whether or not it is flowing.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of the tip portion, and FIG.
FIGS. 5 to 7 are cross-sectional views taken in the direction of arrows. FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing that the display differs depending on the position of the device shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the vein.

First, in FIGS. 2 to 4, the vein exploration device of the present invention has a small and portable elongated housing 1.
A light-emitting means that emits wavelength light in the red or infrared region (700nm to 2000nm) is attached to the tip of the
Light emitting elements 2 such as LEDs or lamps are arranged in the center so as to illuminate the front of the tip. In addition, case 1
At the tip of the light emitting element 2, light receiving elements 3, 3 such as phototransistors or photodiodes serving as light receiving means for receiving wavelength light in the red to infrared region are arranged on both sides of the light emitting element 2. and,
The light-emitting element 2 and the light-receiving elements 3, 3 are equipped with optical lenses (not shown), and the light-emitting element 2 is designed to illuminate a narrow area spot-wise, and the light-receiving elements 3, 3 are designed to receive only reflected light from a predetermined direction. . These light-receiving elements 3, 3 have their optical axes at a slight angle so as to intersect with the irradiation direction of the light-emitting element 2,
It is arranged so that it can efficiently receive only the light reflected by tissues other than veins.

A battery 4 for driving power is housed in the housing 1 so that it can be easily replaced. In addition, case 1
On the outer peripheral wall of the device, there is provided a power operation switch 5 for controlling the supply of driving power to the battery 4, and a position display means for displaying the positional relationship between the device and the vein.
Display elements 6, 6, 6 such as LEDs or lamps are arranged. Furthermore, an arrow 7 indicating the center of the device is engraved in the center of the outer circumferential wall of the tip of the housing 1, and a display element 8 is provided as a pulsation display means for indicating whether or not blood is flowing sufficiently into the veins. A clip 9 is also provided for clipping the device to a pocket, medical chart, etc. Furthermore, the housing 1 is molded of resin or the like, has a waterproof structure, and is configured to be easily cleaned and disinfected.

Next, the circuit of this device will be explained with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, an LED 10 as a light emitting element 2
The anodes of the phototransistors 11 and 12 and the collectors of the phototransistors 11 and 12 as the light receiving elements 3 and 3 are connected to a voltage +V. The cathode of the LED 10 is grounded via a resistor. Also, phototransistor 1
The emitters 1 and 12 are transistor 1, respectively.
It is connected to the base of 3 and 14. The collectors of these transistors 13, 14 are connected to the voltage +V. The emitter of one transistor 13 is grounded via a resistor and connected to the - input terminal of the differential amplifier 15 via another resistor. Further, the emitter of the other transistor 14 is grounded via a resistor and connected to the +input terminal of the differential amplifier 15 via another resistor. The + input terminal of this differential amplifier 15 has voltages +V and -V.
A slider of a variable resistor for offset adjustment is connected to both ends. In addition, the differential amplifier 15
The -input terminal and output terminal of are connected via a feedback resistor. In addition, the light emitting means 16 is activated by the LED 10.
is composed of two light receiving means 1 with phototransistors 11 and 12 and transistors 13 and 14.
7 and 18 are constructed, and a comparing means 19 including a differential amplifier 15 is constructed.

Further, the output terminal of the differential amplifier 15 is connected to a low pass filter 20 having a cutoff frequency of 5 Hz. The output terminal of this low-pass filter 20 is connected via a resistor to one end of LEDs 21 and 22 connected in antiparallel as display elements 6 and 6, and the other ends of these LEDs 21 and 22 are grounded.

Moreover, the output terminal of the low-pass filter 20 is 2
It is connected to the − input terminal and the + input terminal of the two differential amplifiers 23 and 24, respectively. The other + input terminal and - input terminal of these differential amplifiers 23 and 24 are
A slider of a variable resistor for detecting width adjustment having voltages +V and -V connected to both ends thereof is connected to each of the sliders. The output terminals of the two differential amplifiers 23 and 24 are connected in the forward direction through diodes 25 and 26, respectively, and the connection point thereof is further connected to the base of a transistor 27 through a resistor. The base of this transistor 27 is grounded via a resistor, the emitter is also grounded, and the collector is connected to the voltage +V via a resistor, and is also connected to the anode of the LED 28 as the display element 6 via another resistor. . The cathode of this LED 28 is grounded. Note that the window comparator 29 includes the differential amplifiers 23 and 24, the diodes 25 and 26, and the transistor 27. Also,
LEDs 21 and 22 are arranged on the left and right sides of the LED 28 to form a position display means 30.

Furthermore, the transistor 1 of one light receiving means 18
The four emitters are connected to a bandpass filter 32 via an opening/closing means 31. This opening/closing means 31
is a normally open contact, which is supplied with the voltage of the collector of the transistor of the window comparator 29 as a control voltage, and is closed when the "H" level is supplied. Then, the bandpass filter 32 extracts a pulsating component (for example, 1 to 3 Hz) included in the output according to the amount of light received by the light receiving means 18. The output end of this bandpass filter 32 is connected to the +input terminal of a comparator 34 via a rectifier 33. A slider of a variable resistor for setting a reference voltage, which has one end grounded and the other end connected to a voltage +V, is connected to the negative input terminal of the comparator 3. Furthermore, the comparator 34
The output terminal of is connected to the anode of the LED 36 as the display element 8 of the pulsation display means 35. this
The cathode of LED 36 is grounded. In addition, the opening/closing means 31, the bandpass filter 32, and the rectifier 33
A pulsation detection means 37 is configured including the comparator 34 and the comparator 34.

The operation of the vein exploration device of the present invention having such a configuration will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

First, the distal end of the housing 1 is brought into contact with the skin, which is believed to be above the vein 38 near the inner arm joint, and the power operation switch 5 is turned on. Then, the LED 10 serving as the light emitting element 2 irradiates the skin with wavelength light in the red to infrared region in spots, passing through the skin and irradiating the veins 38 or other tissues. here,
The irradiated light is absorbed by deoxyhemoglobin contained in the blood flowing in the veins 38. In addition, the irradiated light irradiated to other tissues is reflected,
The light passes through the skin again and is received by phototransistors 11 and 12 as light receiving elements 3 and 3.

By the way, the properties of light irradiated to the skin, which are transmitted through the skin or absorbed by the skin, and further reflected by the surface, are significantly different depending on the wavelength. Near-ultraviolet light is largely absorbed by the stratum corneum, and visible light is largely reflected on the skin surface. Further, wavelength light in the red to infrared region (700 nm to 2000 nm) is relatively less absorbed and reflected by the skin, and easily passes through the dermis. Then, when the wavelength reaches a relatively large infrared ray (3000 nm), the absorption in the stratum corneum increases again. By the way, other human tissues such as fat layers have reflective properties for light having wavelengths in the red to infrared range, but blood within the veins 38 has unique light absorption properties. For this reason, by irradiating light with a wavelength in the red or infrared region, the difference in the amount of light reflected from the vein 31 and other tissues becomes the largest.

Further, the flow velocity of blood flowing within the vein 38 changes depending on the pulse rate. For this reason, the amount of reflected light pulsates, and the output corresponding to the amount of received light also includes this pulsating component. The pulse rate is usually about 70 beats per minute, and even when the patient is out of breath, it is less than 200 beats per minute. That is, the pulsating component has a frequency of about 1 to 3 Hz, and can be extracted by the bandpass filter 32, and it can be determined whether or not blood is sufficiently flowing in the vein 38 based on the presence or absence of the pulsating component of a predetermined level or higher.

Therefore, if this device is slightly shifted to the left from the vein 38 as shown in FIG. A large positive voltage is output from the amplifier 15, and is passed through the low-pass filter 20 to the window comparator 29 and the LEDs 21 and 22 as display elements 6 and 6.
given to. Here, since the absolute value of the output voltage is large, the collector of the transistor 27 of the window comparator 29 is at "L" level, and the LED 2
8 does not light up. In addition, since the output of the low-pass filter 20 is a positive voltage, only one LED 21 placed on the right side to which forward voltage is applied is
The light is turned on as shown in FIG. 5b. By lighting the LED 21 placed on the right side, it can be confirmed that the device is slightly shifted to the left from the vein 38. Here, since the output of the window comparator 29 is at "L" level and the opening/closing means 31 is not closed, the pulsation detecting means 37 does not operate and the LED 36 does not light up.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6a, when the device is moved slightly to the right to match the position with the vein 38, the amount of light received by the two phototransistors 11 and 12 is equal and weak, and the amount of light received by the differential amplifier 15 is zero or very low. A small output voltage is output. For this,
The low-pass filter 20 also outputs zero or extremely small output voltage. And LED21,
22 does not light up because the applied voltage is zero or too small. Further, the collector of the transistor 27 of the window comparator 29 becomes "H" level, and the LED arranged in the center as the display element 6
A forward voltage is applied to 28, and the light is turned on as shown in FIG. 6b. LED28 placed in the center
By lighting up, it is easy to confirm that the device is located above the vein 38.

Then, the opening/closing means 31 is closed by the "H" level output of the window comparator 29. Here, if blood is sufficiently flowing in the vein 38, the amount of light received by the phototransistor 12 includes a pulsating component, and this pulsating component is extracted by the bandpass filter 32. This extracted pulsating component is rectified by a rectifier 33 and further compared with a reference voltage by a comparator 34. Therefore, if a pulsation component of a predetermined level or higher is included, a positive voltage is output from the comparator 34, and the pulse display means 35 is used.
LED 36 is lit. Therefore, when the LED 28 of the position display means 30 is turned on and the device is located above the vein 38, if the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35 is turned on, blood will flow smoothly into the found vein 38. flowing, LED3
If 6 does not light up, it can be determined that blood is not sufficiently flowing into that vein 38.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7a, the device is inserted into the vein 38.
If the phototransistor 12 is moved slightly further to the right, the amount of light received by the phototransistor 12 on the left becomes significantly smaller than the amount of light received by the phototransistor 11 on the right.
For this reason, a large negative voltage is output from the differential amplifier 15 and applied to the window comparator 29 and the LEDs 21 and 22 via the low-pass filter 20. Here, since the absolute value of the output voltage is large, the collector of the transistor 27 of the window comparator 29 is at "L" level, and the LED 28
does not light up. In addition, since the output of the low-pass filter 20 is a negative voltage, only the other LED 22 placed on the left side to which forward voltage is applied is
The light is turned on as shown in FIG. 7b. By lighting the LED 22 placed on the left side, it can be confirmed that the device is slightly shifted to the right from the vein 38. Here, the opening/closing means 31 remains in the open state, and the LED 36 does not light up.

In this way, by moving the device across the vein 38 and stopping it at the position where the LED 28 of the position display means 30 lights up, you can easily confirm that the vein 38 exists under the arrow 7 of the device. , can be confirmed accurately and quickly. Moreover, the position display means 30
When the LED 28 is lit, the pulsation display means 35
If the LED 36 lights up, it can be confirmed that sufficient blood is flowing into the vein 38. Also, LED
If 36 does not light up, the vein 3 found
It can be confirmed that there is not enough blood flowing to No. 8.

Note that the low-pass filter 20 functions to prevent external light such as an indoor lighting lamp that is turned on using a commercial frequency voltage from being output as noise.

FIGS. 8 to 15 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the vein exploration device of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block circuit diagram of another embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device of another embodiment of FIG. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C of the tip of the casing in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a view of the distal end of the casing in FIG. 9 in the direction of arrow D, and FIGS. 12 to 15 have different displays depending on the position and direction of the device shown in FIG. 8 with respect to the vein. FIG. In FIGS. 8 to 15, the same members and the like as in FIGS. 1 to 7 are given the same reference numerals and redundant explanations will be omitted.

First, in FIGS. 9 to 11, the case 1
At the tip of the light-emitting element 2, three sets of optical detection means each consisting of a light-emitting element 2 and two light-receiving elements 3, 3 arranged on both sides of the light-emitting element 2 are arranged in a row in the front-rear direction. These optical detection means are separated by partition walls 1a, 1a so as to reduce their influence on each other. Additionally, three sets of position display means 30a, 30b, 30c are arranged in a matrix on the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1, corresponding to the three sets of optical detection means. That is, the position display means 3 corresponding to the optical detection means arranged on the front side of the housing 1
0a is on the front end side, position display means 30b corresponding to the optical detection means arranged in the center is on the center, and position display means 3, 3 corresponding to the optical detection means arranged on the rear side are on the rear end side. , and an LED 28a in which the two light receiving elements 3, 3 of the pair light up with the same amount of light received,
28b and 28c are arranged in a line in the front-rear direction.

Next, the block circuit will be explained with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 8, a light receiving means 16a and two light receiving means 17a, 18a are provided by the optical detection means arranged on the front side of the front end of the housing 1, and the outputs of the light receiving means 17a, 18a are applied to the comparing means 19a. It will be done. Then, the output of the comparison means 19a is passed through the low-pass filter 20a to the window comparator 2.
9a and the LEDs 21a and 22 of the position display means 30a
given to a. Furthermore, the output of the window comparator 29a is transmitted to the LED 28 of the position display means 30a.
given to a. Similarly, corresponding to the optical detection means arranged at the center of the tip of the housing 1, a light emitting means 16b, two light receiving means 17b, 18b, a comparison means 19b, a low pass filter 20b, a window comparator 29b, and a position display. Means 30b are provided. Further, light emitting means 1
6c, two light receiving means 17c and 18c, a comparison means 19c, a low pass filter 20c, a window comparator 29c, and a position display means 30c.

And three window comparators 29a,
The outputs of 29b and 29c are all given to an AND circuit 39, and the output of this AND circuit 39 is applied to the opening/closing means 3.
1 as a control signal. Further, the output of one light receiving means 17b corresponding to the central optical detection means is given to the band pass filter 32, and the extracted output is passed through the rectifier 33 to the opening/closing means 3.
1 is given. Further, the output of the switching means 31 is applied to a comparator 34 and compared with a reference voltage, and the comparison output is applied to the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35.

In this configuration, the distal end of the housing 1 is brought into contact with the skin, which is believed to be above the vein 38 near the inner arm joint, and the power operation switch 5 is turned on. Then, if this device is slightly shifted to the left from the vein 38 as shown in FIG. As shown, the position display means 30a,
LED21a arranged on the right side of 30b, 30c,
Both 21b and 21c are lit. Here, 3
Wind comparators 29a, 29b, 29
"L" level is outputted from each terminal c, and "L" level is outputted from the AND circuit 39. Therefore, the opening/closing means 31 remains open, the pulsation detection means 37 does not operate, and the pulsation display means 35 does not operate.
LED36 is not lit.

In addition, this device can be used for vein 3 as shown in FIG. 13a.
8, and the directions do not match, and only the light receiving means 17a on the right side of the front end of the housing 1 is connected to the vein 3.
8, only the amount of light received by this light receiving means 17a is weak, and as shown in FIG. 13b, only the right LED 21a of the front position display means 30a lights up. Here too, the opening/closing means 31 remains in the open state, and the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35 does not light up.

By the way, in the position of the present device as shown in FIG.
18c is not located on the vein 38 and receives a large amount of reflected light. A slight difference in the tissue structure of the corresponding portions causes a slight difference in the amount of light received. Therefore, a small voltage corresponding to the difference is output from the comparison means 19b, 19c, but the voltage is too small to light up the LEDs 21b, 22b, and 21c, 22c of the position display means 30b, 30c. It is too large to make the output of 29c “H” level, so the LED
Both 28b and 28c are not lit.

Furthermore, move the device slightly to the right and
As shown in Figure a, if the center of the tip of the housing 1 coincides with the vein 38 but the directions do not coincide, then the light receiving means 18a on the left side of the front optical detection means and the optical detection means on the rear side The right light receiving means 17c is located above the vein 38 and the amount of light received is weak, so the left LED 22a of the front position display means 30a and the right LED 21c of the rear position display means 30c are lit. Further, the light receiving means 17a and 18b on the left and right sides of the optical detection means arranged in the center receive the same weak amount of light, and the comparison means 19b outputs a zero or very small voltage. Therefore, the window comparator 29b outputs an "H" level, and the central LED 28b of the central position display means 30b is lit. Therefore, the lighting state is as shown in FIG. 14b. Again, the window comparator 29a
and 29c are "L" level outputs, the opening/closing means 31 remains in the open state, and the pulsation detecting means 37
doesn't work.

Furthermore, as shown in No. 15a, if the direction of the device is adjusted to match both the position and direction with the vein 38, all pairs of light receiving means 17a, 18a, 17b, and 17b on the front side, center, and rear side and 17
c and 18c each have the same weak amount of received light, and zero or extremely small voltages are output from the comparing means 19a, 19b, and 19c, respectively. Therefore,
Three window comparators 29a, 29b, 2
9c outputs "H" level, and the central LEDs 28a, 28b, 28c of all position display means 30a, 30b, 30c are shown in FIG. 15b.
It will be lit like this. Furthermore, the "H" level is output from the AND circuit 39, the opening/closing means 31 is closed, and the pulsation detecting means 37 is brought into operation. Here, if the amount of light received by the light receiving means 17b contains a pulsating component of a predetermined level or higher, it is extracted by the band pass filter 32, a positive voltage is output from the comparator 34, and the LED 36 of the pulsating display means 35 is
It is lit as shown in Figure a.

In this way, a plurality of sets of optical detection means are arranged so that the light emitting means form a line in the front-rear direction, and position display means 30a, 30b, 30c are provided for each set, so that the position display means 30a, 30b, 30c are By adjusting the position and direction of the device so that the central LEDs 28a, 28b, and 28c light up, it can be confirmed that the vein 38 runs below the arrow 7 in the direction of the arrow 7. Moreover, this device
When the position and direction of 8 match, the pulsation detection means 3
7 is activated and the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35 lights up, it can be confirmed that blood is sufficiently flowing through the vein 38. If the LED 36 does not light up, it can be determined that the blood has stopped flowing in that vein 38 or is not flowing sufficiently.

FIGS. 16 to 22 are diagrams showing still other embodiments of the vein exploration device of the present invention. 16th
The figure is a block circuit diagram of still another embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention, FIG. 17 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 18 is a
19 is a view of the tip of the casing in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 17;
22 are diagrams showing that the display differs depending on the position and direction of the device shown in FIG. 16 with respect to the vein. In FIGS. 16 to 22, the same members as those in FIGS. 1 to 15 are given the same reference numerals and redundant explanations will be omitted.

First, in FIGS. 17 and 18, a light emitting element 40 is arranged at the center of the tip of the housing 1, and four pairs of light receiving elements 41 to 48 are arranged radially opposite to each other with the light emitting element 40 in the center. is placed.
These light receiving means 41 to 48 and light emitting element 40
constitutes an optical detection means. Eight LEDs 50 are arranged radially on the outer peripheral wall of the casing 1, facing each other with one LED 49 in the center.
~57 are arranged.

Next, the block circuit of this device will be explained with reference to FIG. A light emitting means 58 including a light emitting element 40 arranged at the center and first to eighth light receiving means 59 to 66 each including light receiving elements 41 to 48 are provided. The output of the first light-receiving means 59 and the output of the fifth light-receiving means 63 paired therewith are compared by the first comparison means 77, and an output corresponding to the difference is applied to the first low-pass filter 78. It will be done.
Further, the output of the second light receiving means 60 and the output of the sixth light receiving means 64 paired therewith are determined by the second comparing means 7.
9, and an output corresponding to the difference is given to the second low-pass filter 80. The output of the third light-receiving means 61 and the output of the seventh light-receiving means 65 paired therewith are compared by the third comparison means 81, and an output corresponding to the difference is applied to the third low-pass filter 82. It will be done. Furthermore, the output of the fourth light receiving means 62 and the output of the paired eighth light receiving means 66 are compared by the fourth comparing means 83, and the output according to the difference is sent to the fourth low pass filter 84.
given to.

The output of the first low-pass filter 78 is then applied to the first window comparator 85 and the normally closed contact of the first switching means 86. This first switching means 86 is connected to the first window comparator 8.
LED 5 is switched to a normally open contact by the “H” level output of 5, and the output of the common contact is connected in antiparallel.
0,54 to the first detection display means 87. Further, the output of the second low-pass filter 80 is applied to a normally closed contact of a second window comparator 88 and a second switching means 89. This second switching means 89 is connected to a second window comparator 88.
It is switched to a normally open contact by the “H” level output of
LED51 with common contact outputs connected in antiparallel,
55 to a second detection and display means 90. The output of the third low-pass filter 82 is then applied to a normally closed contact of a third window comparator 91 and a third switching means 92. This third switching means 92 is a third window comparator 9
The LED 52 is switched to a normally open contact by the “H” level output of 1, and the output of the common contact is connected in antiparallel.
56 is provided to a third detection display means 93 including 56. Furthermore, a fourth low-pass filter 84
The output is given to the fourth window comparator 94 and the normally closed contact of the fourth switching means 95. This fourth switching means 95 is switched to a normally open contact by the "H" level output of the fourth window comparator 94, and the output of the common contact is connected in antiparallel.
Fourth detection display means 96 including LEDs 53 and 57
given to. AC voltage is applied to the normally open contacts of these first to fourth switching means 86, 89, 92, and 95, respectively. Furthermore, first to fourth window comparators 85, 88, 91,
The output of 94 is applied to an OR circuit 97, the output of which is applied to a central display means 98 including a centrally located LED 49.

Furthermore, the output of the first light receiving means 59 is applied via the opening/closing means 31 to a bandpass filter 32 that passes 1 to 3 Hz. This opening/closing means 31 is
It is closed by the "H" level output of the first window comparator 85. Then, the pulsating component extracted by the band pass filter 32 is rectified by a rectifier 33 and compared with a reference voltage by a comparator 34. If the extracted pulsation component is at a predetermined level or higher, a positive voltage is output from the comparator 34 and applied to the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35, causing it to light up.

In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 19a, the device is slightly shifted to the left with respect to the vein 38, and the second to fourth light receiving means 60 to 62 are above the vein 38, so that the amount of light received is weak. For example, positive voltages are output from the second to fourth comparison means 79, 81, 83, respectively, and as shown in FIG. 19b, the LEDs 51,
52 and 53 are lit. And the first to fourth window comparators 85, 88, 91, 9
4 outputs an "L" level, the first to fourth switching means 86, 89, 92, 95 are not switched, and the LED 49 of the central display means 98 is not lit. Then, the opening/closing means 31 remains in the open state, the pulsation detection means 37 does not operate, and the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35 is not turned on. Also, the 20th
As shown in figure a, the second light receiving means 6 is placed on the vein 38.
If only 0 is located, as shown in Figure 20b,
Only LED51 lights up. Here too, LED 36 does not light up. As shown in FIG. 21a, the position of this device is aligned with the vein 38, but the direction is shifted, and the fourth and eighth light receiving means 6 are placed on the vein 38.
2, 66 are located, the fourth and eighth light receiving means 6
The amount of light received by 2 and 66 is weak but the same, and the amount of light received by 4th
A zero or very small voltage is output from the comparing means 83, and is applied to the fourth window comparator 94 via the fourth low-pass filter 84, and an "H" level is output. For this purpose, the fourth switching means 95 is switched to a normally open contact, and an alternating current voltage is applied to the fourth detection and display means 96 to cause the LED
53 and 57 are both lit. Furthermore, the "H" level output of the fourth window comparator 84 also lights up the LED 49 of the central display means 98, resulting in a lighting state as shown in FIG. 21b. even here,
LED36 is not lit. Therefore, Figure 22a
If the direction of the device is adjusted so that the first and fourth light receiving means 59, 63 are positioned above the vein 38, then zero or very small voltage will be output from the first comparison means 77. Then, the first window comparator 85 outputs an "H" level. Therefore, the first switching means 86 is switched, the AC voltage is applied to the first detection and display means 84, and both the LEDs 50 and 54 are turned on. Also,
The "H" level output of the first window comparator 85 also lights up the LED 49 of the central display means 98, resulting in a lighting state as shown in FIG. 22b.

Here, since the "H" level is output from the first window comparator 85, the opening/closing means 31 is closed and the pulsation detecting means 37 is brought into operation.
If the amount of light received by the first light receiving means 59 includes a pulsating component at a predetermined level or more, the LED 36 of the pulsating display means 35 lights up as shown in FIG. 22a,
It can be confirmed that blood is sufficiently flowing into the vein 38. Note that if the amount of light received by the first light receiving means 59 does not include a pulsating component of a predetermined level or higher,
The LED 36 is not illuminated, indicating that not enough blood is flowing into the vein 38.

In the state shown in FIG. 22a, for example, the second and sixth light receiving means 60, 64 are shifted from the vein 38 by almost the same amount, and the amount of light received should be strong but almost the same. However, the tissue structures on both sides of the vein 38 are slightly different, and this difference causes some difference in the amount of light received. Therefore, although a small voltage is output from the second comparison means 79, it is too small to light up the LEDs 51 and 55 of the second detection and display means 90. Moreover, it is too large to be detected by the second window comparator 88, and the LED 49 of the central display means 98 cannot be turned on.
This corresponds to the third and seventh and fourth and eighth light receiving means 61, 62, 65, 6 in the state shown in FIG. 22a.
The same applies to 6.

In this way, the position and direction of the device with respect to the vein 38 are visually displayed depending on the lighting conditions of the LEDs 49 to 57. Moreover, by turning on or turning off the LED 36, it can be easily confirmed whether or not blood is flowing sufficiently into the vein 38.

In the above embodiment, the battery 4 as a driving power source is housed in the housing 1, but the invention is not limited to this.
Of course, the commercial frequency voltage may be used as the driving power source. Further, in the above embodiment, the pulsating component is filtered from the output of one light receiving means by the bandpass filter 32.
Although the configuration is such that the outputs of multiple light receiving means are added together and the pulsating component is extracted from the added output, the pulsating component may be superimposed and extraction at a larger level is possible. Become. Then, if you press this device a little harder on the skin, the veins 3
The change in the velocity of the blood flowing through the tube 8 becomes larger, and the pulsating component can be extracted at a larger level. Furthermore, the opening/closing means 31 is omitted, and the pulsation detection means is always in operation, and the LED 36 of the pulsation display means 35 is turned on when a pulsation component is detected, regardless of the position or direction of the device with respect to the vein 38. It's okay.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the vein exploration device of the present invention is configured as described above, it exhibits excellent effects as described below.

First, by bringing the distal end into contact with the skin and moving it across the vein, the position of the vein can be easily, accurately and quickly confirmed in the display state of the position display means. Moreover, it does not cause any pain to the patient. Moreover, it can be easily confirmed whether or not blood is sufficiently flowing into the confirmed vein, and appropriate and effective intravenous injection or drip can be performed. By activating the pulsation detection means when the position of this device matches the vein, it is possible to determine whether or not blood is flowing only to the vein that has been found, and the pulsation can be caused by unnecessary noise. The display means is not illuminated unnecessarily.

In addition, an optical detection means consisting of a light emitting means and two light receiving means arranged on both sides with the light emitting means sandwiched therebetween.
If a plurality of sets are arranged in front and back in a row, and each display means indicates whether the amount of received light is weak or the same depending on the output of these optical detection means, then all the display means will have the same amount of received light. When this is displayed, it can be confirmed that the position and direction of the device match the vein. Furthermore, it can be easily confirmed whether or not blood is sufficiently flowing through the found vein. If the pulsation detecting means is activated when the device matches the position and direction of the vein, the presence or absence of blood flow will be determined and displayed only in the found vein.

A plurality of pairs of light receiving means are arranged radially around one light emitting means, and when the amount of light received by the two light receiving means is different, one display element is turned on and the other is turned off, and both are turned on at the same time. If detection and display means are provided, the position and direction of the device relative to the vein can be confirmed by the lighting state of these detection and display means. Furthermore, it can be confirmed whether blood is flowing through the found vein. and,
If the pulsation detection means is operated when the amount of light received by a predetermined pair of light receiving means is the same, pulsation will be detected only when a vein is located on a line connecting the pair of light receiving means, and unnecessary noise etc. The pulsation display means does not light up.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the distal end portion; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the distal end portion of the housing in FIG. 2;
5 to 7 are diagrams showing that the display differs depending on the position of the device shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the vein, and FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention. This is the block circuit diagram of
8 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device according to another embodiment of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C of the distal end of the casing in FIG. , No. 9
12 to 15 are diagrams showing that the display differs depending on the position and direction of the device shown in FIG. 8 with respect to the vein; FIG. FIG. 16 is a block circuit diagram of still another embodiment of the vein exploration device of the present invention, FIG. 17 is an external perspective view of the vein exploration device of FIG. 16, and FIG. 19 to 22 are diagrams showing that the display differs depending on the position and direction of the device shown in FIG. 16 with respect to the vein. FIG. 1... Housing, 16, 16a, 16b, 16c,
58... Light emitting means, 17, 17a, 17b, 17
c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c, 60, 6
1, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66...light receiving means, 19, 19a, 19b, 19c, 77, 7
9, 81, 83... comparison means, 29, 29a, 2
9b, 29c, 85, 88, 91, 94...Window comparator, 30, 30a, 30b, 30
c...Position display means, 31...Opening/closing means, 35...
... pulsation display means, 37 ... pulsation detection means, 87,
90, 93, 96...Detection display means.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A light emitting device that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by intravenous blood, and a light emitting device that is placed on both sides of the light emitting device to receive reflected light. two light-receiving means, a comparison means for comparing outputs according to the amount of light received by these two light-receiving means, and whether the amount of light received by the two light-receiving means is stronger or the same according to the output of the comparison means. a pulsation detection means for detecting a pulsation component from an output corresponding to the amount of light received by at least one of the light receiving means, and a pulsation for displaying the presence or absence of the pulsation component according to the output of the pulsation detection means. A vein exploration device comprising: a display means; 2. The vein exploration device according to claim 1, wherein the pulsation detection means is configured to operate when the amount of light received by the two light receiving means is the same. 3. A light-emitting means that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by blood in the veins, and two light-receiving means that are placed on both sides of the light-emitting means and receive reflected light. A plurality of sets of optical detection means are arranged at the tip of the casing so that the light emitting means are lined up in a row in the front and back direction, and according to the amount of light received by the two light receiving means of the plurality of sets of optical detection means. and position display means for indicating which of the two light receiving means has a weaker or the same amount of light received according to the outputs of these comparison means; A pulsation detection means is provided for detecting a pulsation component from an output corresponding to the amount of light received by one of the light receiving means, and a pulsation display means is provided for displaying the presence or absence of the pulsation according to the output of the pulsation detection means. Characteristic vein exploration device. 4. The vein exploration device according to claim 3, wherein the pulsation detection means is configured to operate when the plurality of sets of the two light receiving means receive the same amount of light. 5. One light emitting means that irradiates a narrow range with wavelength light that passes through the skin and is absorbed by intravenous blood, and light emitting means that are arranged radially to face each other with this light emitting means in the center and receive reflected light. an optical detecting means consisting of a plurality of pairs of light receiving means, each of which is provided with a comparing means for comparing the output according to the amount of light received by the opposing pairs of light receiving means; Detection that turns on one of the two display elements and turns off the other when the amount of light received by the paired light receiving means is different, indicating which one has the weaker amount of light received, and lights both display elements when the amount of light received is the same. The number of display means equal to the number of pairs of light receiving means is provided, and a pulsation detection means for detecting a pulsation component from the output corresponding to the amount of light received by at least one of the light receiving means is provided, and the pulsation component is detected according to the output of the pulsation detection means. A vein exploration device comprising a pulsation display means for displaying the presence or absence of a component. 6. The vein exploration device according to claim 5, wherein the pulsation detection means is configured to operate when the amount of light received by a predetermined pair of light receiving means is the same.