JPH0461942B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a floor structure used mainly in sports classes such as aerobics dance classes, and particularly to a floor structure used in sports classes such as aerobics dance classes. This relates to a floor structure that reduces the occurrence of injuries and fatigue.

(Conventional technology and its problems) In recent years, due to the health-conscious boom, sports studios such as aerobic dance and training rooms such as athletics are being established in various places. An increasing number of cases are being established.

This aerobic dance mainly involves jumps, so the hardness of the floor has a big impact on how easy it is for the competitors to perform, the occurrence of injuries (joint pain, lower back pain, hernia, Achilles amputation, etc.), and the level of fatigue. . That is, if the floor is too hard, repeated jumps will easily cause injury to the knees and fatigue. On the other hand, if it is too soft, it will be difficult to exercise and will be unstable, leading to sprains and fatigue.

By the way, recently, as a method of evaluating the floor hardness of sports facilities and studios, a sensory test conducted by the Ono Laboratory at the Tokyo Institute of Technology found a correlation between the instructor's psychological scale and the floor hardness. (Refer to ``Health Network,'' published in 1987, No. 29), but in reality, nothing has been provided that satisfies all aspects of aerobic dance: ease of doing it, ease of fatigue, and sense of stability.

For example, in the past, sports floors have been constructed by placing steel joists on a support made of rubber, and then placing plywood panels on top of them in order to support the load and reduce local deflection. Many of them are used for finishing by placing them in place. However, although this type of flooring is said to be suitable for gymnasiums etc., when performing repetitive exercises such as aerobic dance that mainly consist of jumps, the floor surface sinks little and is hard, which puts a strain on the knees for beginners. The problem was that it was large.
This is thought to be due to the fact that the rubber cushioning material is only partially placed, the floor panels themselves have high rigidity, and the steel joists make the floor surface hard.

On the other hand, when a floor hardness test is actually performed based on the elasticity measurement test method for aerobic dance floors of the Ono Laboratory of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, the floor hardness value K is expressed by the following formula.

K=U _F −1.1D _R・D _R・T _R ……() U _F ：Deformation energy of floor (Kg・cm) D _R ：Amount of restoration of floor deformation (cm) T _R ：Required for restoration of deformation Time (sec) In consideration of the characteristics of aerobic dance, the values of U _F , D _R , and T _R are measured values when a 15 kg weight is dropped from a height of 12 cm onto the floor. Moderately,
The K value increases. Therefore, when measuring the firmness value of conventional sports floors based on the above test method, most of the hardness values of sports floors were in the range of 10 to 15. The range is smaller than the above range, and it is generally stiff, and the sensory test for aerobic dance gave a sense of stability, but the only evaluation was that it was tiring easily and difficult to exercise.

On the other hand, to make the floor softer and less tiring,
It is simple and easy to implement by placing a thick cushion material on the entire bottom surface of the floor material and applying a soft floor finish such as carpet on top of it to increase the deformation energy U _F of the floor, but in this case. However, the amount of deformation of the floor surface is concentrated locally, making it easy to cause injuries such as ankle sprains when landing from a jump.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the hardness of the floor has been adjusted to a value of K = 20, which is felt to be optimal for aerobic dance without causing local deformation of the floor surface. Our goal is to provide a floor structure suitable for sports classes such as aerobic dance that satisfies the requirements of ease of exercise, resistance to fatigue, and a sense of stability by making the floor soft in the range of ~30. It is something to do.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention supports a floor panel material between a floor finishing material and a concrete floor slab with a cushioning material so as to be able to freely vibrate vertically.
The object of the present invention is to elastically support plate-shaped flooring materials having lower bending rigidity on the floor panel material so as to allow vertical and bending vibrations by means of elastic supports disposed in a distributed manner.

Specifically, the solution taken by the present invention is that a plurality of floor panel materials are laid on a subfloor made of a concrete slab or the like via a cushioning material, and a plurality of floor panel materials have a bending rigidity higher than that of the floor panel materials. A plate-shaped flooring material such as a small wooden flooring material is provided with a space between the upper surface of the floor panel material and the lower surface of the flooring material through elastic materials intermittently placed at appropriate intervals. It is arranged so that it can be bent and deformed.

(Function) With this configuration, the present invention has a structure in which the impact of jumps during aerobic dance etc. is temporarily absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material below the flooring material, causing the flooring material to bend (flex) and deform. The sinking and bending deformation of the floor material generates gentle vibrations on the elastically supported floor panel material, which absorbs the impact.

Therefore, when jumps are repeated, the floor panel material moves gently up and down on the cushioning material.
This vertical movement is partially absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material and transmitted to the support member of the flooring, so that the fluctuation to the floor surface is small and injuries due to the reaction of the floor surface are unlikely to occur.
In addition, even when you jump and land on the floor, before the floor material bends and deforms, the elastic material deforms and the floor surface sinks slightly before bending, so there is no reaction from the bending deformation of the floor. small. As a result, the reaction of the floor surface caused by repeated jumps is reduced, and a soft floor surface is obtained that reduces injury to joints such as the knees, making it easier to exercise and less likely to cause fatigue.

In addition, since elastic material is disposed intermittently on the underside of the flooring, unlike when cushioning material is laid over the entire floor, deformation of the floor surface does not occur locally.
A floor surface with excellent stability can be obtained without causing injuries such as sprains due to toes getting stuck in.

In this case, in the present invention, if the space between the floor material constituting the floor surface and the floor panel material below it is communicated with the room or the space below the floor panel material, air can flow. Even if the air in the space between the flooring and floor panel material is suddenly compressed due to bending deformation of the flooring material, the air pressure directly under the flooring material can be released into the room or below the floor panel material. , it is possible to suppress a local increase in air pressure directly under the flooring material. This makes it possible to reduce the reaction of the flooring material due to air pressure, and also to reduce the sound produced by the flooring material when jumping.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 3 show a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a floor base made of concrete slab or the like, and a plurality of floor panel materials 3, 3, . Further, on the floor panel materials 3, 3..., a plate-shaped floor material 4 having a lower bending rigidity than the floor panel material 3 is provided with elastic materials 5, 5... disposed intermittently at appropriate intervals. A floor structure is constructed by flexibly and deformably disposing a space 6 between the upper surface of the floor panel material 3 and the lower surface of the floor material 4.

The cushioning material 2 is made of rock wool mat, glass wool mat, foamed urethane mat, foamed rubber mat, rubber, etc., and is arranged in a layered manner on the floor substrate 1. Further, the cushioning material 2 may be arranged in a block shape as shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 5, a rod-shaped support 7 is placed on a block-shaped cushioning material 2.
The floor panel material 3 is laid through the.

The floor panel material 3 is made of a rigid panel material with high bending rigidity, specifically a wooden panel (plywood,
LVL, particle board, etc.), inorganic panels (cement panel, wood cement board, etc.), composite panels of these, or hollow panels are used.
In order to uniformly support the load and reduce bending deformation, for example, wood panels preferably have a thickness of 30 mm or more.

The elastic member 5 is made of an elastic material having cushioning properties such as rubber, foam, felt, etc. The elastic member 5 shown in FIG. 1 has a plurality of grooves 5b, 5b, . The elastic material 5 shown in FIG. 5 is formed with a concave surface 5c having a concave shape on the lower surface of the elastic body 5a, or the elastic material 5 shown in FIG. A plurality of concave grooves 5b, 5b, . In addition to the elastic material 5 made of a single elastic material 5a as described above, the elastic material 5 may be made of wooden timber 5d as shown in FIG. 4 and FIGS. 8 to 10.
A composite consisting of a combination of these may also be used. The elastic material 5 in FIG. 4 is the elastic body 5 shown in FIG.
8th piece with wooden beams 5d integrated on the top surface of a.
The elastic material 5 shown in the figure has a wave-shaped elastic body 5a attached to the lower surface of a wooden crosspiece 5d, and the elastic material 5 shown in FIG. The elastic material 5 shown in FIG. 10 has an elastic body 5a having grooves 5b on the upper and lower surfaces between the upper and lower wooden beams 5d, 5d. It is a type of sandwich sandwich. The elastic material 5 is usually fixed with adhesive, but may also be fixed with nails. In particular, when nailing the elastic material 5 made of a composite material, do so at the elastic material 5a (attachment portion 5e) as shown in FIG. 9, so that no direct impact force is applied to the nail. You may do so.

The floor material 4 is a wooden floor material made of plywood, wood, or the like, and is formed to have lower bending rigidity than the floor panel material 3.

Therefore, when performing aerobic dance using the floor structure configured as described above, at the moment of jumping and landing on the floor as shown in Fig. 2, the impact force P causes the floor material 4 to change from the state shown by the imaginary line. Although the floor material 4 is bent and deformed to the state shown by the solid line, the elastic material 5 on the lower surface of the floor material 4 is damaged by the impact force P before the floor material 4 itself is bent.
is deformed first, and the floor surface slightly sinks due to the deformation of the elastic material 5, and then the floor material 4 is bent and deformed, so that the reaction caused by the bending deformation of the floor surface is small.

Moreover, when jumping is repeated, the floor panel material 3 moves gently up and down on the cushioning material 2 as shown in FIG. 3, but this vertical movement is partially absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material 5. Since it is transmitted to the supporting portion of the flooring material 4, the reaction to the floor surface is small. In this way, the recoil on the floor caused by repeated jumps is small,
In addition, a soft floor surface is obtained by absorbing the impact force through the deformation of the elastic material 5 and the deformation of the impact material 2, and dispersing and absorbing the impact force through the gentle vertical movement of the floor panel material 3, so that it is easy to exercise. It is easy to use, and causes less injury to joints such as the knees and less fatigue.

In addition, the bending deformation (bending deformation) of the flooring material 4 is reduced by the amount of impact force absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material 5 and the deformation of the cushioning material 2, and the bending deformation (bending deformation) of the flooring material 4 is reduced by the amount of impact force absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material 5 and the deformation of the cushioning material 2. Since there is no local deflection of the floor surface and the stability of the floor surface is maintained, injuries such as sprains due to toes dug in do not occur, and a good appraisal feeling can be obtained.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a space 6 between the lower surface of the floor material 4 and the upper surface of the floor panel material 3 is made to communicate with the lower part of the floor panel material 3. 6 is released to reduce the reaction of the floor material 4 due to this air pressure. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the floor panel material 3 is laid on the cushioning material 2 with a vertically ventilable gap 8 provided on both sides of the adjacent floor panel materials 3, 3.
The floor panel material 3 is provided with a recess 9 on its lower surface, and is provided with a ventilation hole 10 penetrating vertically and communicating the recess 9 with a space 6 on the lower surface of the floor material 4. Moreover, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a large number of ventilation holes 10,
... are provided, and the space 6 on the lower surface of the flooring material 4 is communicated with the space 11 on the lower surface of the floor panel material 3 through the ventilation hole 10.

In the case of the second and third embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, when the floor material 4 jumps and descends to the floor surface, the floor material 4 is bent and deformed, and the space between the floor material 4 and the floor panel material 3 is Even if the air in 6 is rapidly compressed and the pressure increases due to the deformation of the elastic material 5, the air pressure
The above-mentioned gap 8 and ventilation hole 10 allow air to immediately escape into the space (recess 9 and space 11) on the floor panel material 3, thereby preventing a local increase in air pressure directly below the floor material 4. This has the advantage that the reaction of the floor material 4 caused by this air pressure can be reduced, and the sound of the floor material 4 that occurs when jumping can be reduced.

Incidentally, the space portion 6 may be communicated with the indoor side by providing a gap or a hole in the floor material, so that the compressed air can escape to the indoor side.

Next, in order to specifically demonstrate the effects of the floor structure according to the present invention, first, the following floor structure was constructed. In other words, a glass wool mat with a thickness of 50 mm and a density of 64 kg/m ³ was laid on a concrete slab, and on top of that, ventilation holes with a diameter of 15 mm were installed at a pitch of 60 mm, penetrating the hollow wooden panels of 70 mm in thickness from the top and bottom. On top of that, an elastic material with a rubber hardness of 45 (width 60 mm, thickness 4 mm) is installed on the bottom surface of a wooden board (width 50 mm, thickness 12 mm). , were placed intermittently at a pitch of 300 mm, and a 12 mm thick plywood flooring material was constructed on top to form a floor for aerobic dance.

A hardness test was conducted on this floor surface based on the test method of the Ono Laboratory at Tokyo Institute of Technology. In other words,
A test was conducted in which a 15 kg weight was dropped from a height of 12 cm onto the floor, and the hardness K of the floor was determined from the above equation (), and the result was K = 26.2. This hardness (K = 26.2) is based on the aerobic dance sensory test, the relationship diagram between the scale of predicting the likelihood of injury and the hardness of the floor shown in Figure 11, and the predicting ease of fatigue shown in Figure 12. This is the optimum value on each evaluation line based on the relationship diagram between the scale and floor hardness, and the relationship diagram between the ease of aerobic dance evaluation scale and floor hardness shown in Figure 13, and it is unlikely that injury will occur. It is ideal as a floor for aerobic dance because it is hard to get tired, and it is easy to do aerobics.

The present invention is applicable not only to the floor structure for aerobic dance as in the above embodiment, but also to other sports classrooms, gymnasiums, and martial arts halls such as judo, etc., without causing any problems for competitions. It is hard and creates a safe floor suitable for sports that does not easily cause fatigue or injury.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the floor structure of the present invention, the reaction from the floor support is small, and since the floor panel material vibrates up and down on the impact material, it is possible to jump directly onto the floor support. Even if you step down and step down, the impact is absorbed by the deformation of the elastic material and the deformation of the cushioning material, and the floor remains soft. Since the floor panel is supported by impact material, the impact force can be dispersed and absorbed through gentle vibrations of the entire floor. Therefore, even when jumping repeatedly during aerobic dance, etc., a soft floor surface with little recoil is obtained without local sinking of the floor surface, making it easier to exercise and reducing fatigue. It is possible to provide a floor structure suitable for sports classes such as aerobic dance, which has excellent resistance to stiffness and stability, and is less likely to cause injury to joints such as the knees and less fatigue.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention, FIG.
A cross-sectional view of the floor structure of the example. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the floor in Fig. 1 at the moment of jumping and landing on the floor. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the floor in Fig. 1 after repeated jumps. It is a sectional view showing the state of the floor. Figures 4 and 5
The figures are cross-sectional views showing the floor structures of the second and third embodiments, respectively, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main parts showing the state of the flooring during bending deformation. FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 are perspective views showing modified examples of the elastic material. Figures 11, 12, and 13 are a sensory test of aerobic dance performed by the Ono Laboratory at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, and are a scale for predicting the likelihood of injury and a scale for predicting the ease of fatigue based on the hardness of the floor, respectively. , and an evaluation scale of ease of aerobic dancing. 1... Floor base, 2... Cushioning material, 3... Floor panel material, 4... Flooring material, 5... Elastic material, 6... Space part,
8...Gap, 10...Vent hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of floor panel materials are laid on a subfloor made of a concrete slab or the like via a cushioning material, and a plate-shaped floor material having lower bending rigidity than the floor panel materials is placed on the floor panel materials. is arranged so that it can be flexibly deformed with a space provided between the upper surface of the floor panel material and the lower surface of the floor material through elastic members disposed intermittently at appropriate intervals. Features floor structures for sports classrooms, etc. 2. A floor structure for a sports classroom, etc. according to claim 1, wherein the floor panel material is a perforated panel having ventilation holes penetrating vertically, and the ventilation holes communicate with a space on the lower surface of the floor material. . 3. A floor structure for a sports classroom or the like according to claim 1, wherein the floor panel material is laid on a cushioning material with a vertically ventilable gap between the side surfaces of adjacent floor panel materials.